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Introduction: Menstrual-related problems are one of the most common problems among adolescent girls and might adversely affect their performance in academic and other activities of daily life. Aims & Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of school absenteeism among adolescent school girls during menstruation. 2. To assess the restrictions which are imposed on adolescent school girls during menstruation. 3. To evaluate the various factors associated with school absenteeism during menstruation. Methods: A study was conducted by carrying out a questionnaire and focus group discussion between October 2019-January 2020 in seven schools of Bangalore city after obtaining the assent and informed consent signed by their parents. Result: The mean age of the girls was 14.45 ± 1.71. The proportion of school absenteeism during menstruation was (30.25%). The majority (89.25%) of the students among the school absentees missed one day of school during menstruation. Among the school absentees, pain/discomfort was one of the main reasons for missing school, accounting for (69.42%). (46.25%) of the students were restricted from any kind of religious activities. Pain during menstruation, shame, fear of leakage, lack of toilet or water supply, lack of a place to dispose of sanitary pads and absence of a private place to manage periods were some factors that were associated with school absenteeism during menstruation. Conclusion: Considerably high school absenteeism among adolescent girls due to menstruation was noted in this study, highlighting the need for improved interventions that reach girls at a young age.

Purpose: By methodically synthesizing the body of knowledge on business-to-business (B2B) relationships and the long-term factors affecting these relationships, this research article aims to contribute predictions to future trends. Design: The areas that required additional research were identified using a systematic review of the literature and textual analysis of keywords and abstracts. Additionally, convenience sampling was used in the article's analysis, collection of secondary data from reliable sources, analysis, evaluation, writing, and publication of the understanding. Findings: This illustrative abstract map results from the review and shows the organizational level B2B relationship factors. The review highlighted the significance of additional research in B2B relationships, particularly in small manufacturing companies. Even though there have been numerous studies on the variables influencing business-to-business relationships, there is still room for more research into how enterprise attitudes toward service quality affect the development and maintenance of B2B relationships. Originality/Value: To the best of our knowledge, it also offers a review of the literature on the factors influencing B2B relationships, explains the exogenous and endogenous factors, and suggests a concept map. The study adds to the growing body of knowledge on business-to-business relationships. Paper Type: Review Paper.

Purpose: Through the introduction of B2B Relationships, the interactions offered a new economic paradigm. The importance of B2B Relationships in Coconut products can lead to increased efficiency, shared resources, and potential cost reduction this helps in gaining competitive advantage and building trust. The goal of the paper is to conduct an in-depth analysis of Balaji Enterprises, a platform for Coconut Desiccated products. We conclude by outlining the prospects for a successful company. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the B2B model and related theories on intention to use, this study projected an academic agenda for the adoption of B2B. We've used secondary data from case studies, blogs, and other sources, face-to-face interaction with proprietors, reports, and research papers. Findings/Result: The success story of most B2B Relationships brings an articulated picture of how did a B2B Relationship succeed in making sales at the doorstep so practical. The study also brings out the reality of B2B Relationships can give more scope for Micro and Small enterprises, and explore their marketing intelligence and selling propositions. Originality/Value: More knowledge will be gained from the case's discoveries into B2B Relationship trends, and to better target obtaining relationships and fulfillment of the industrial buyer and determine his credibility and loyalty. The result of this paper generates Attitudes in Enterprises about maintaining relationships and carrying on with relationships in a positive manner. Paper Type: Case Study

Cancer is one of the main problems in the India and world also. From the world health organization report (2022), 10 million deaths in the year of 2022 of the entire world. This reflects one in six deaths. Side effects are very common in the cancer treatment process i.e. chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemo radiation therapy. Proper knowledge is required in these aspects. Sometimes these side effects lead to life threatening due to lack of knowledge on side effects management while patients are in the home. These patients also need counseling, consultation and about side effects management of their treatment. This counselling leads to not only the patient’s quality of life but also improve the patients’ psychological conditions during their treatment process. In our prospective observational study, the main objectives are checking the effectiveness of before counselling and after counselling with respect to patient’s side effect management and psychological effectiveness. Finally evaluate the outcome with the counselling in both breast and cervical cancer patients. We provide counseling for cancer patients in King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India. In our study we used EORTC QLQ – C30 (version 3) scale for comparison of with or without counseling in the areas of side effect management, effectiveness of psychological and nutritional in breast and cervical cancer patients. Finally in our study we noticed that mostly rural area and some urban people were lack of knowledge on side effect management of cancer treatment. By providing better counseling to these patients especially in rural area people for their treatment and create awareness of cancer in group counseling for care givers then automatically better side effect management was possible in cancer patients. Pharmacist counseling is one of the important services that has been associated with improved outcome.

The study of diffuse ultraviolet (UV) background radiation is vital in the study of stellar and galactic evolution. Space-based UV observations is comprised of both foreground and background radiations. The foreground emission in an observation is a result of solar contamination in the direction of observation. In our previous work, we modeled airglow (one of the major constituents of the foreground emission) as a function of 10.7 cm Solar Flux and Sun Angle with great accuracy using GALEX deep observations. We adopt a similar methodology to validate the obtained model and run equivalent experiments here using FUV and NUV GALEX medium imaging surveys with a total exposure time greater than 3300 seconds. We obtained a predictive model having excellent compatibility with the earlier model. Our analysis shows that the total foreground emission varies between 59 to 295 photon units in FUV whereas in NUV, it varies between 671 to 1195 photon units depending upon the date and time of observation. We also noticed a strong correlation between the background emission and optical depth both in FUV and NUV, especially in the low dense regions. This clearly indicates that the major contributor in diffuse background radiation is the starlight scattered by interstellar dust grains.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the levels of serum electrolytes and enzymes in diabetic ketoacidosis compared with age matched healthy control population. Method: Cross sectional study involving 94 individuals above the age 60 years in the population of Bengaluru, India between October 2017 to November 2019.Venous blood was collected from 47 type 2 diabetic ketoacidosis patients and from 47 healthy individuals and analyzed for sodium, chloride, potassium, phosphorous electrolytes and serum amylase and lipase enzymes. Results: Serum sodium, potassium and chloride levels were significantly low while serum phosphorous, amylase and lipase levels were significantly high compared to healthy control population. Conclusion: Frequent monitoring of these electrolytes and enzymes in mild stage of diabetic ketoacidosis may help in better treatment and thereby preventing it from progressing into severe diabetic ketoacidosis.

Background: In 2020, a new global pandemic has emerged, caused by a new strain of Corona virus called SARS-CoV-2. A poor understanding of the disease among healthcare students may implicate in delayed treatment and rapid spread of infection and development of complications. Objectives: 1) To estimate the knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma associated with SARS- CoV-2 infection among healthcare students. 2) To estimate the association between socio-demographic determinants with knowledge, attitude, practice and stigma of SARS- CoV-2 infection among healthcare students. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 493 healthcare i.e., medical, nursing and allied sciences students, during 1st May to 20th May 2020, using a pre-designed and semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Chi square test, t-test, one way Anova and Bonferroni test was used for assessing the association among the study variables. Results: The study revealed that, there were about 225(45.64%) medical, 165(33.46%) nursing and 103(20.89%) allied sciences students. Majority were females 349(70.79%), majority were Hindus 333(67.54%). Mean knowledge score of medical, nursing and allied sciences students were 15.66 (2.518), 14.16 (2.92) and 14.46 (3.11) respectively. Practice score was good among nursing than allied sciences students at ‘p’ (0.003). Conclusion: Even though the overall knowledge was less in our study participants, majority of them had followed good practices for preventing SARS- CoV-2 infection.

Background: HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 32 million lives so far. Medical and nursing students are future health care workers. Thus, medical and nursing students should be provided with detailed knowledge about HIV and related issues in order to provide high quality, nonjudgmental services that will engage key populations at risk of HIV. Study is done to estimate the awareness regarding HIV/AIDS among medical and nursing students and to compare the awareness associated with HIV/AIDS among medical and nursing students. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 259 medical and nursing students from a tertiary care hospital in Raichur city between 1st October 2019 to 31st January 2020, using a pre-designed, semi- structured questionnaire, after taking consent, the questionnaire was distributed to students which were answered by self administration. Qualitative data was analyzed using Chi-square test and independent sample t test. Results: Out of 259 students, majority 160 (61.78%) belong to age 18 years, 147 (56.76%) were male, 212 (81.85%) were Hindus. 197 (76.06%) students were not attended any training programme on HIV/AIDS. Difference was found in medical and nursing students of their knowledge and Practices scores were statistically signicant i.e., P < 0.05.Conclusion: The medical students have high knowledge and practice scores compared to nursing students.