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The basic human need for housing makes property investment safer than other sectors because demand tends to be stable despite changing economic conditions. The decision to invest is influenced by various aspects, including economic variables, including GDP, property credit growth, non-performing loans (NPLs), interest rates, exchange rates, and money supply, which are then examined for their influence on the Residential Property Price Index (RPPI) in Indonesia through this research using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) with quarterly data from 2003 to 2022. The findings show that GDP, interest rates, and money supply have a significant long-term impact on the RPPI. In the short-term, GDP and property credit growth have a negative impact on RPPI, while NPL and exchange rate do not. Causality tests indicate a bidirectional relationship between NPL and GDP with RPPI, with probability values exceeding 0.05. This study provides valuable insights into the monetary factors affecting residential property prices and suggestions for future research. AcknowledgmentThe authors gratefully acknowledge Ahmad Dahlan University for the support and facilities provided in conducting this research. They also greatly appreciate the academic resources that supported the data collection process and careful analysis of our findings. Besides, the authors express their gratitude to Bank Indonesia and Badan Pusat Statistik for their invaluable contribution to the data used in this research.

In this work silver nano/micro-particles have been synthesized using sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) plant extract as a bio-reducing agent. The effects of different plant extract concentrations, AgNO3 precursor concentrations, and reaction time on the synthesized silver nano/micro-particles were investigated. The silver nano/micro-particles samples were then analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis absorbance spectrum of the colloid silver nano/micro-particles exhibited that all samples had absorbance peaks at a wavelength around 450 nm, confirming the formation of silver nano/micro-particles. It was also found that the UV-Vis absorbance peak of the silver nano/micro-particles inversely increased with decreasing AgNO3 solution concentration. Whereas, the higher the sambiloto extract concentration the higher the UV-Vis absorbance peaks. The UV-Vis absorbance peak increased with increasing synthesis time, suggesting that silver nano/micro-particles became more prominent. The UV-Vis absorbance peaks of the silver nano/micro-particles were about 0.0462, 0.0637, 0.0729, and 0.0936 at reaction time of 5, 10, 20, and 40 min, respectively. The XRD analysis result confirmed that the synthesized silver nano/micro-particles were in the form of nanocrystals with a face-centered cubic centered without any impurities. Additionally, the FESEM images showed that the silver nano/micro-particles had the primary particle size of 150-300 nm. There was the formation of some secondary particles with the size of about 0.7-1.5?m due to the agglomeration of primary particles. The particle size distribution analysis further confirmed the presence of primary and secondary particles. Meanwhile, the FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of four main peaks, linked to functional groups in the sambiloto extract and involved in the creation of silver nano/micro-particles.

Biology learning must strengthen the character of students caring for the environment concerning general and domestic waste. Domestic waste in the form of fecal sludge is a contextual environmental problem that must be managed properly. Sludge still has a fairly high concentration of nutrient content that can be utilized. The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of the benefits of vermicompost as a source of contextual biology learning. As many as 239 public and private junior high school students in Metro City participated in filling out the online questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed by referring to the environmental care character criteria from the student's perspective which includes five main indicators, namely concern for the environment, responsible attitude, student knowledge about vermicompost, student motivation for contextual learning, and commitment to developing vermicompost. Data were analyzed descriptively referring to the critical success factors (CSFs). The results of the research showed that there were 5 student perceptions regarding the character of caring for the environment, namely students gave a strongly agree perception of 38.31%, a agree perception of 41.06%, a somewhat agree perception of 18.19%, a disagree perception of 2 .04, and strongly disagree at 0.40%. Students' perceptions of their environmentally caring character are influenced by many factors, namely students' knowledge and understanding of human fecal sludge and its benefits, a sense of responsibility for environmental sustainability, and students' level of education. Those who understand environmental sustainability and the benefits of fecal sludge have the perception that fecal sludge can be utilized through vermicompost and this process can be utilized as a contextual learning resource.

This study examines virtual multicultural community encounters within Yogyakarta-based schools, focusing on their effects on the younger generation's comprehension of multiculturalism. Conducted in several schools, including SMAN 1 Wates and SMKN 2 Yogyakarta, using descriptive qualitative methods and purposive selection of Pancasila and Citizenship Education teachers, it gathered data through various means like interviews and focus group discussions. The research identified a significant impact of online encounters on participants' knowledge, awareness, understanding, and behavior towards multicultural communities, facilitated by virtual meetings aimed at fostering understanding and consensus. Crucial to this implementation was the influence of the majority-minority dynamic, with the predominance of Islam and Javanese culture being notable. The study underscores the value of these virtual encounters in promoting collaborative activities among diverse identities, highlighting a four-layered impact model. The research aims to both describe the practical implementation of these encounters and evaluate their substantive effects on young minds regarding multicultural understanding, suggesting a path forward for similar educational initiatives.

The relevance of this study lies in overcome obstacles to garlic development in Indonesia, such as low productivity and limited use of technology, which can hinder self-sufficiency and import-reducing programs. The purpose of this study was to identify the technical efficiency, the determinants of technical inefficiency, and the level of technical efficiency at various levels of adoption of the standard operating procedures of garlic farming in production centres in Indonesia. The cross-sectional data was gathered through interviews with 227 farmers chosen using a simple random selection technique. The Cobb-Douglass production function and the stochastic frontier analysis were used to determine the factors influencing garlic production, the technical efficiency level, and the determinants of technical inefficiency. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation was used to analyse the data. The level of technical efficiency at various levels of standard operating procedures adoption was measured using descriptive statistical analysis. Farm size, seeds, urea and NPK fertiliser, herbicides, yellow sticky traps, family labour, mulch, and farmers’ participation in garlic development programs significantly affected garlic production. The technical efficiency varied within 0.37-0.99, with a mean of 0.71. Farmers’ practices and standard operating procedure adoption significantly reduced technical inefficiency. Generally, the level of standard operating procedure adoption is moderate. In the high standard operating procedure adoption group, the mean technical efficiency is 0.77, while in the moderate level group, it is 0.68. The findings of this study can be used as a model for other garlic-importing countries to enhance production and strengthen food security

Co-precipitation process was used for the synthesis of lanthanum-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles at several annealing temperatures (Ta), i.e., 200 °C, 300 °C, and 400 °C, for 5 h. XRD spectral depicted that the produced nanoparticles sample indicates a single phase of fcc inverse spinel conforming to ICDD No 22-1086. The crystallite size (D) calculation at the strongest peaks shows the increase in enhancing the Ta i.e., 18.99 nm, 19.90 nm, and 23.21 nm for 200 °C, 300 °C, and 400 °C, respectively. The FTIR results showed absorption band at the tetrahedral site, v1 ~575 cm−1 and the octahedral site, v2 ~474 cm−1. The absorption bands indicate that the lanthanum ions have successfully replaced the Fe3+ cations in the original cobalt ferrite structure. According to the hysteresis loop, the coercive field's (HC) magnitude falls from 700 Oe down to 550 Oe as Ta increases. This result is consistent with the anisotropy constant which decreased from 0.77×104 erg/cm3 to 0.56×104 erg/cm3. The obtained nanoparticles also showed superior performance (much larger than 95%) for dye removal of Congo red. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Sustainable universities play a role in evaluating and reporting on sustainable practices in developing countries. The study aims to identify human capital’s impact on sustainable university performance by implementing sustainable human resource management (sustainable HRM) as a mediating variable. The paper uses a quantitative approach, with a sample of 140 employees consisting of lecturers and educational staff at Esa Unggul University, Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected using a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling-partial least squares with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results showed a positive and significant impact that was statistically proven by a direct impact of human capital and sustainable HRM on sustainable universities as well as an indirect impact of human capital on sustainable universities mediated by sustainable HRM. Furthermore, the results showed that the level of direct influence of human capital on sustainable universities has an influence value of 0.371, where the influence is categorized as weak. The level of indirect influence with sustainable HRM as a mediator between human capital and sustainable universities has an influence of 0.662 with a fairly strong/moderate influence. This proves that the role of sustainable HRM practices is an essential component in realizing a sustainable university. Empirical findings recommend increasing the capacity and quality of lecturers and education staff as the main component of university human capital to achieve sustainable higher education performance. Sustainable HRM practices need to be implemented thoughtfully by universities to improve performance from economic, environmental, and social aspects.

Cases of corruption that are increasingly rife in the procurement of goods and services have prompted the government to issue a new policy on the use of the e-procurement system. This system is considered capable of overcoming transparency problems so that it is expected to be able to overcome problems in the procurement of goods and services, so that by implementing this system it is necessary to conduct research on the effectiveness of the implementation of the e-procurement system. This research aimed to determine the effect of system and information quality on the successful use of e-procurement at the Universitas Terbuka, with ease of use as a mediating variable. 357 internal users of the e-procurement system made up the population, and 107 people were selected as a sample based on their strata. Additionally, Smart PLS (Partial Least Square) version 4 is the analytical technique employed. The research results show that there is a significant positive influence between system quality and the success of using e-procurement. Moreover, system and information quality had a positive and significant effect on the ease of use. Information quality did not affect the successful use of e-procurement, while system quality had a positive and significant effect through the ease-of-use mediation variable. Information quality also had a positive and significant effect on the successful use of the e-procurement system through the ease-of-use mediation variable.

The strategy to increase rice production is crucial to maintain food availability. The agricultural land expansion program in Central Kalimantan through the food estate program is considered an inappropriate solution considering social, environmental, and land conditions. The agricultural intensification method in Central Kalimantan is the answer to increasing the productivity of existing agricultural businesses by increasing production efficiency. This research aims to analyze the technical efficiency of lowland rice farming and the factors that influence it in Central Kalimantan province. This research used secondary data from the 2014 Rice Plantation Household Survey from the Central Statistics Agency. The data was analyzed using the stochastic frontier production function with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The research results show that rice farming in Central Kalimantan is technically inefficient. Factors influencing the technical efficiency of rice farming are farmer age, land type, planting system, agricultural facilities, extension, farmer groups, and SLPTT participation. The low level of technical efficiency of rice farming in Central Kalimantan is an indicator that must be utilized to increase rice production so that food availability can be well-maintained.

The twenty-first century requires Vocational High School (VHS) graduates to have high-order thinking skills (HOTS). Although HOTS-based learning in VHS has been implemented in Indonesia, the graduates are less creative in complex work. Also, teachers have insufficient knowledge about this learning design. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between learning implementation and planning, specifically focusing on the knowledge of teachers in planning lessons. To measure this knowledge, several aspects were established based on the concept of Anderson and Krathwohl’s Taxonomy 2001. The concept was used to measure knowledge, which was categorized into the factual, conceptual, procedural, and meta-cognitive dimensions. To analyze each dimension, critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication were employed as key elements. A quantitative approach with a survey design and a random sample of productive subject teachers was used. Cross-sectional analysis and F-test were applied to the primary data using multiple linear regression. According to the F-test results, planning aspects simultaneously affect the implementation of HOTS-based learning in VHS. This is because the calculated F-value was greater than the table F-value. HOTS-based learning activities can be easily achieved in case the lesson plan has the same basis.

This research aimed to observe the influence of tenant satisfaction, green awareness, and trust through green image mediation, and moderation by greenwashing perception perceived intention to extend or renew rent and studied in one of the biggest shopping malls in Jakarta. The research collected data through surveys of 229 respondents who are tenants with a minimum of one year of rent at this shopping mall. Although many research projects have shown that tenant satisfaction and tenant trust have a positive influence on tenant intention to extend or renew rent, it had yet to examine the factors of green awareness, green image, and greenwashing perception combined with tenant satisfaction and tenant trust to decide to extend or renew rent. This study found that tenant satisfaction, green awareness, green image, and greenwashing perception influence tenant intention to extend or renew rent. Tenant satisfaction directly influenced tenant intention to extend or renew rent, followed by tenant trust, but does not apply to green awareness. Mediation of green image did not influence tenant intention to extend or renew rent, and greenwashing perception as a moderator on green image negatively affects tenant intention to extend or renew rent. This research contributed not only knowledge about how company management can improve the perception of tenant intention to extend or renew rent through the variables mentioned above but also aligned strategy to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in affordable clean energy, Industry-Innovation, and infrastructure, climate action, and partnerships for the goals by found the phenomenon of tenant satisfaction, green awareness, and tenant trust directly influenced green image. Ritel companies can apply the findings from this study to enhance tenant intention to extend or renew rent and be of further use for further academic research.

Vocational education has a very important role in the national education system to create a quality national workforce. One of the programs to increase the absorption of SMK graduates in industry is the existence of a partnership program between SMKs and the Business and Industrial World (DUDI). Based on 19 articles published in 2018-2022 concerning partnerships between SMKs and DUDI, several partnership models have been established, including curriculum alignment based on industry needs, teacher and student apprenticeships, guest teachers from industry, industrial visits, teaching factory assistance, testing competency certification, employee recruitment, and infrastructure support. Some of the obstacles and challenges encountered, namely the partnership program has not been implemented optimally, the work unit is not suitable, the contents of the memorandum of understanding (MoU) have not been fully realized, the form of partnership activity is unclear, lack of concern for both SMK and DUDI in implementing the partnership program, and competition between industry causes a lack of industry trust to involve students in the production process. While the opportunities that exist include the involvement of Vocational Schools in the production process through Teaching Factory, technology updates, student competency according to industry needs and the absorption of graduates by industry is increasing.

This study aims to: 1) Determine the needs of teachers and students for the development of learning models they face to overcome problems, 2) Formulate the feasibility of problem-based learning syntax, 3) Formulate the feasibility of Project-Based learning syntax, 4) Analyze the feasibility of problem-based learning model syntax and project-based learning in basic electricity and electronics at SMK Negeri 2 Sukoharjo. This study uses a research and development approach. The population in this study were all class X students of the Electronics Department at SMK Negeri 2 Sukoharjo for the 2020/2021 academic year with a sample of 64 students. Data collection techniques are using tests and non-tests. Data analysis used two-way analysis of variance (ANAVA). The results of the study show 1) The results of the analysis of the needs of teachers and students include: a) The results of the analysis of learning evaluations that are always demanded to be better; b) The results of teacher assessment analysis, so that teachers have many choices of learning variations and can make innovations in learning; c) Strategies obtained from data analysis, with details of operational programs as well as guidelines for implementing the strategic plan, duties and roles of the parties involved in the strategic plan, as well as evaluation and monitoring guidelines. 2) The syntax of the problem-based learning model goes through four phases: problem presentation, problem investigation, problem resolution and procedure evaluation. 3) The project-based learning model syntax includes: project startup, solution design, solution development, and presentation. 4) The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis, both problem-based learning and project-based learning, show that there is a difference in scores before and after being given treatment. So, it can be stated that problem-based learning methods and project-based learning are feasible to be used in improving student learning outcomes.

Precisely, students with the wrong major faced several conflicts such as academics. To improve education quality, it is necessary to develop metacognitive skills because the level is still in the risk category. Therefore, this study aims to analyze (1) the percentage of students with the wrong major (2) the impact and factors that cause children to select the wrong majors (3) students' learning activities with the wrong major. The design is descriptive and quantitative with questionnaires distributed in three batches. Furthermore, the test was carried out using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The validity test was performed using the product moment method from Karl Person. Moreover, data were analyzed by employing factors and descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that; First, 59% and 41% of students agree and refused they are in the wrong major. Second, the influencing factors include seeking opportunities to enter college, degree demand in the work context, parental coercion, study program profiles, and job prospects. However, the most influencing factor is seeking opportunities to enter college. Third, the wrong study program causes students to feel inferior to others. Fourth, there is a negative influence of the wrong major on metacognitive, particularly in planning development where children have difficulty managing time to achieve their goals.

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertanggungjawaban diskresi dan hubungannya dengan asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB). Sebagai negara hukum, Indonesia menerapkan pembagian kekuasaan yang terdiri dari Eksekutif, Legislatif, dan Yudikatif. Untuk mengatur pembagian wewenang tersebut Pemerintah merumuskan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan. Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan mengatur mengenai asas legalitas, asas perlindungan hak asasi manusia, dan asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB). Ketika Pemerintah menemui permasalahan yang bersifat mendesak dan belum diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan atau karena peraturan yang ada yang mengatur tentang sesuatu hal tidak jelas dan hal tersebut dilakukan dalam keadaan darurat/mendesak demi kepentingan umum, maka Pemerintah diberikan keleluasaan untuk menerapkan kebijakan diskresi, ketika Pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan diskresi maka perlu memperhatikan asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB) untuk membatasi wewenang agar tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan wewenang. Untuk itu pertanggungjawaban diskresi sangat berhubungan dengan asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB) dikarenakan dalam asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AUPB) diatur sedemikian rupa didalamnya asas-asas yang dapat mengatur pelaksaan diskresi.

This study describes and evaluates the implementation of the simultaneous continuation of local elections in 2020 and the challenges faced during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This pandemic has disrupted the economic and societal order, including the governance aspect, which encompasses the electoral process for selecting local leaders to continue the previous simultaneous local elections held in the preceding year. The Indonesian government has decided to proceed with the local elections that were initially postponed. Several other countries worldwide have also chosen to hold general elections, although some countries have opted to delay them. This study adopts an ex post facto research design with a qualitative approach. The research object is implementing the simultaneous continuation of local elections in Bantul Regency, DIY Province, in 2020, with the selection of research subjects conducted purposively. Data collection is carried out through interviews and documentation. This paper highlights various challenges encountered during the implementation of local elections in 2020 while Indonesia was still amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

One of the variants of native chicken that is quite potential to be developed in Indonesia is the KUB chicken. The quality and production of free-range chicken eggs can be increased by providing quality feed. One alternative source of quality feed is the use of Indigofera zollingeriana leaves. This study aims to determine the increase in egg production and internal quality by adding Indigofera zollingeriana Leaf Flour (ILF) in KUB chicken rations. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments, namely R0 (control), R1 (7.5% ILF), R2 (15.0% ILF), R3 (22.25% ILF), and R4 (30.0% ILF) and 6 replicates. Observation parameters include Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), egg production, egg weight, Hen Day Production (HDP), and internal egg quality. The results showed that adding ILF significantly increased production, internal egg quality, and ration conversion but had no significant effect on ration consumption. The highest increase in egg production was obtained by treatment with 15% and 22.5% ILF, with HDP 53.87%. The increase in egg weight quality, egg yolk index, white egg index, and egg yolk color were highest in the treatment with 30% ILF compared to the control. Giving ILF 22.5% gave the lowest FCR value compared to other treatments. It was concluded that providing ILF in the ration significantly increased egg production and internal quality in KUB chickens.

This study aims to analyze the results of developing project-based learning methods for solving problems. Development is carried out by adding Project Based Learning syntax to the Learning Implementation Plan. This research method uses a Research and Development approach. The steps taken in this study include 1) needs analysis, 2) model development, 3) model validation, 4) limited trials, and 5) extended trials. The population and sample studied were vocational school students, with a total sample of 32 students. Sample selection using simple random sampling (simple random) and purposive random sampling. The analytical tools used are the normality test, homogeneity test and difference test. Based on the analysis results, it is known that the data on learning outcomes before the PjBL action averaged 79.66 with a deviation of 3.2. The lowest score is 77, and the highest score is 89. The average learning outcome data after the PjBL action is 87.58, with a deviation of 4.2. The lowest score is 77, and the highest score is 99. Based on the analysis results, it is known that the average learning outcome data before the PjBL action is 77.19, with a deviation of 1.5. The lowest score is 75, and the highest score is 80. The average learning outcome data after the PjBL action is 82.18, with a deviation of 3.7. The lowest score was 77, and the highest score was 97. The Wilcoxon Test analysis results showed differences in the score before project-based learning and the score after project-based learning. There is an influence of project-based learning on student learning values. Based on the analysis of learning development trials outlined in the lesson plan, project-based learning is feasible to use in improving student learning outcomes.

There are many Buddhist religious rituals in Indonesia. One of them is Tribuana Manggala Bakti which contains universal values in nature conservation. The purpose of this study is to describe the dynamics of the Menoreh community in terms of managing the natural environment, to describe Tribuana Manggala Bakti as Buddhist spirituality, and to analyze the role of Tribuana Manggala Bakti spirituality with universal values in Menoreh environmental management. This research is a qualitative research with library research. This study uses the theory of using Capra's holistic spiritual theory in understanding the function and purpose of Tribuana Manggala Bakti. Menoreh's natural resource management started from an ideational culture to a sensate culture. Sensate culture is seen when people begin to exploit natural resources. Tribuana Manggala Bakti originated from the concern of Buddhists towards the Menoreh nature. Tribuana Manggala Bakti is a series of Vesak events in the form of taking Vesak holy water followed by tree planting, and releasing fish and birds. The release of animals and the planting of trees as a tangible form of awareness of the importance of nature underlies the behavior of an environmentally friendly lifestyle, protecting and caring for the environment. As said by Fritjof Capra as one of the real solutions to the environmental crisis. In Ecoliteracy Capra, realizing the importance of nature has an impact on environmentally friendly lifestyle behavior, protecting and caring for the environment.

This study aims to find out: (1) The existence of misconceptions about Straight Motion material in the textbook for Physics class X MIPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sambungmacan (2) Profile understanding of the concepts of students in class X MIPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sambungmacan. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Data and data sources come from textbooks and students of class X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sambungmacan. Data was collected by test techniques, questionnaires, and interviews. Techniques to test the validity/validity of data using triangulation techniques of data collection techniques. Meanwhile, the data analysis method uses data simplification, data presentation, and conclusion. The research procedures were preparation, data collection, data analysis/drawing conclusions, and writing reports. The results of this study stated that the student handbook in Class X MIPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sambungmacan still contained misconceptions. Misconceptions consist of a lack of completeness of concepts and errors in writing mathematical equations. The criteria for understanding the concept of students in Class X MIPA-1 SMA Negeri 1 Sambungmacan on the Straight Motion materials are divided into Understanding Concepts, Understanding Concepts but Not Sure, Misconceptions, and Don't Know Concepts. Most of the students' misconceptions were in the medium category, as many as 56.67%. Students experience misconceptions about the sub-concepts of Distance and Displacement, Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration, Uniformly Straight Motion and Uniformly Changed Straight Motion, and the Application of Uniformly Changing Straight Motion. The statement of the highest student misconceptions in the sub-concept of the Application of Regular Changing Motion. The causes of misconceptions that exist in students come from student participants, teachers, teaching methods, textbooks, and other causes such as learning facilities.

The study explores the narrative of oil palm expansion in the Marind-Anim area, where the land and its natural surroundings are not empty spaces without meaning but an eternal identity that is preserved because it tells the historical relationship between local people and their ancestors. Owning land, even the smallest parcel, can enhance self-esteem and social security. This study traces the narrative of oil palm expansion in the Marind-Anim areas and examines the encounter between the indigenous Marind-Anim community and the global economic forces. This local-global intersection is examined using an ethnographic approach with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The results show that the function of sago land as an economic foundation is decreasing due to the global economic pressures from the monoculture oil palm plantations. On the one hand, the Marind-Anim indigenous land has become a frontier area for global economic expansion aiming to supply the global food demand. On the other hand, the sago plantation as a safety valve for the traditional economy and local food security has been reduced by oil palm plantations.

Latar Belakang: Stres pada kehamilan berpotensi menyebabkan berat badan lahir rendah dan lingkar kepala kecil. Stres selama ibu hamil akan berpengaruh pada perkembangan neurobehavioral. Edukasi kesehatan mental pada periode antenatal sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kesehatan mental selama masa kehamilan. Objektif: Membuktikan efektivitas pemberian edukasi berbasis kesehatan mental ibu dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori Jean Ball terhadap efikasi diri, dan stres ibu dalam menghadapi proses persalinan normal. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain one-group pre-test and post-test design (satu kelompok pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah intervensi). Ibu hamil diberikan pelatihan dan edukasi Maternal Mental Health (MMH) dengan pendekatan pemberdayaan keluarga (utamanya pasangan/suami) terhadap efikasi diri dan stres ibu hamil serta buku kesehatan ibu dan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument berupa kuesioner Child-birth Self-Efficacy (CBSE) versi Bahasa Indonesia (a-Cronbach 0.94) dan The Revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (NuPDQ) versi Bahasa Indonesia (a-Cronbach 0.73). Analisis variabel menggunakan uji paired T-test. Hasil: Studi menemukan hasil analisis efikasi diri dan stres partisipan setelah pemberian edukasi, latihan dan pemberdayaan keluarga yang signfikan (p < .05). Kesimpulan: Edukasi Maternal Mental Health (MMH) bertahap dengan pendekatan stres dan efikasi diri serta pemberdayaan pasangan/keluarga berdampak terhadap peningkatan efikasi diri yang baik, dan penurunan respon stres pada ibu hamil.

Most nickel laterite smelting to produce ferronickel is carried out using an AC-arc furnace. Although the DC-arc furnace is advantageous in the smelting of fine ore, it is rarely used for nickel laterite. In this work, the effects of slag basicity and stoichiometry of reductant addition during smelting of low-grade saprolitic nickel ore on nickel content and nickel recovery, yield, and phases of the slag were studied in detail. The smelting process was conducted in a laboratory DC-arc furnace with a a single electrode of 30 cm diameter. A 5 kg of low-grade saprolitic nickel ore (1.92 Ni-12.97 Fe), some coke as reductant, and some limestone as flux were smelted in a DC-arc furnace for about one hour. The pouring temperature of hot metal and slag was 1400-1500°C. The basicity of the quaternary slag of 0.8 and the stoichiometric carbon of 0.8 of the reductant resulted in an optimum smelting process of nickel ore in a DC-arc furnace, producing ferronickel with a Ni content of 14.59% with 92.26% recovery.

Earthquake is the vibrations on the earth's surface due to the sudden release of energy from the earthquake center in the earth. The released energy propagates through the ground in the form of vibrations. It is a natural ground movement caused by a variety of phenomena, including tectonic processes, volcanism, and explosions, as well as collapse. An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 on the Richter Scale that rocked the Central Sulawesi region caused the tsunami that hit the Talise Beach and the liquefaction in Petobo and Balaroa of Palu City, as well as the liquefaction in Sibalaya of Sigi Regency. After the disaster, the Sigi area, especially Bulubete Village, was the subject of flash floods due to the changes in waterways which should pass into the residential area instead through the river. This study aimed to determine the Development of Beef Cattle Breeding Business at the Public Animal Husbandry School (SPR) in Sigi Regency during the Covid-19 pandemic as well as the earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction. This research was conducted from March to May 2022. The location of this research was determined based on purposively. This research was conducted in Bulubete Village of Sigi Regency. Population method was used in determining the number of samples which was also used as the sample of 36 breeders. The result obtained in this study was that natural disasters and the spread of covid-19 greatly affected the development of the cattle business at Anutapura SPR of Bulubete Village of South Dolo District of Sigi Regency. The population and demand at Anutapura SPR experienced a sales trend after the disaster and the covid-19 pandemic. In this case, the cattle population increased before the natural disaster and decreased after the natural disaster coupled with the covid-19 pandemic which affected the demand for beef.

Vocational students are confronted by intricate demands once they graduate. Despite the considerable need for vocational graduates in the workforce, most students have a limited understanding of digital and vocational information. This study used a descriptive quantitative method to determine the influence of digital and vocational information literacy on students' learning outcomes in three vocational schools in the Sragen Regency. Cluster Random Sampling was used to select a sample of 111 students. Data on digital and vocational information literacy were collected using a questionnaire, while those on the learning outcomes were obtained from the student’s grades. The results showed that digital literacy influences vocational students’ learning outcomes with a significance of 0.000 0.05. Vocational information literacy influences the students’ learning outcomes with a significance of 0.000 0.05. Furthermore, digital and vocational information literacy simultaneously influence the students’ learning outcomes with a significance of 0.000 0.05. These results indicate the necessity to familiarize and increase the students’ literacy skills to improve learning outcomes. The results indicated that digital and vocational literacy partially and collectively influenced learning outcomes by 48.2%. Therefore, classroom instruction needs to be structured around learning models that actively stimulate the development of digital and vocational literacy skills, preparing students for workplace competitions. Consequently, teachers should consistently implement learning strategies that create a meaningful connection between the school environment and the realities of the professional world.

Even though HOTS-based learning has been implemented since 2018, students' readiness has not been tested. This study aims to test the willingness of students to learn based on HOTS in Indonesia. Readiness is reviewed based on the 4C criteria: critical thinking, creative, communicative, and collaborative. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The sample was selected by random cluster sampling of 2.645 Indonesian students. The test method uses a questionnaire and observation. Data were taken by using observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques. The results show that students look active during discussions but still find it challenging to develop their creativity to solve problems. In quizzes, students should start to get used to the thinking process at levels C4 to C6, but students still choose C1 to C3. This study concludes that students are ready for criteria C1 to C3 and unprepared for learning at levels C4 to C6. Students need intense coaching and mentoring to support the successful implementation of HOTS-based learning.

The high unemployment rate in Indonesia was dominated by vocational high school graduates approximately 8.63% of the 6.82 million. Therefore, to counter the circumstance, more entrepreneurs are required to explore job creation opportunities. This research was aimed at identifying the effects of entrepreneurial activity, gender, parents, self-confidence, and motivation on the entrepreneurial intent of vocational high school students. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study was 85 final-year students of a high school in Central Java. A set of questionnaires was administered to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial intent and other contextual factors. The data derived from the survey were analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple regression. The results showed a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial activity, self-confidence, and motivation, with regression coefficients of 0.056, 0.098, and 0.083, respectively. These three variables separately exhibited zero significance. Meanwhile, gender indicated a negative and major influence, with a regression coefficient of -0.171 and a significance level of 0.006. However, parents were not able to demonstrate any effect but recorded a regression coefficient of 0.176. Thus, entrepreneurial activity, self-confidence and student motivation may affect the intention to be an entrepreneur. It is expected that this study could be a reference in developing students' entrepreneurship intent.

In this study, bioplastics made of Konjac glucomannan have been successfully prepared via film casting method. The effects of addition of beeswax content (i.e. of 0%, 0.5%, and 1%,), as well as glycerol content (i.e. 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the properties of the bioplastics have been investigated. The bioplastics produced have been characterized for their tensile strength, percent elongation, swelling degree, and biodegradability. The results of this study, showed that most of the bioplastic samples have weight loss of about 95% after the drying process as well as the finished film. The addition of beeswax and glycerol concentrations also increased tensile strength and percent elongation of the bioplastics. The highest value of tensile strength occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 3.5 MPa. Whereas, the highest percent elongation value occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 23.29%. These tensile and percent elongation values were higher or comparable to other bioplastic samples made from starch of different raw materials reported by literatures. In the other hand, the addition of beeswax and glycerol decreased the degree of swelling. The degree of swelling for all the bioplastic film samples were in the range of 316.77 – 481%.

Okiagaru Indonesia Agricoop is one of the Farmer Youth Groups(KPT), which operates in the field of organic vegetable cultivation, located in Pacet District, Cianjur Regency. The 3.5-hectare land is utilized toproduce vegetables, which will be sold in restaurants, Japanese supermarkets, and local markets in Indonesia. The development of information technology in Indonesia is currently taking place quickly. It hasa significant impact on business actors, enabling them to more efficiently market their products globally via the internet. Thus, Okiagaru Indonesia Agricoop must develop its business towards digital for business continuity in the digital era. One analysis method that can be used for business development is the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach. The research objective is to analyze digital marketing strategies by creating websites thatcan be applied as an alternative development and solution to problems at Okiagaru Indonesia Agricoop using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach. The data collection method was that the research location was chosen purposively because Okiagaru Indonesia Agricoop is related toorganic radish commodities. The data used are primary and secondary data types. Determining the marketing strategy was carried out using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach. The research results were obtained based on the nine BMC elements consisting of customer segments,value proposition, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, essential resources, key activities, key partnerships, and cost structure, which are summarized in one canvas showing that the application of digitalmarketing can increase revenue to provide benefits for Okiagaru Indonesia Agricoop.

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the demand and its elasticity for marine fish in the South Cilacap Sub-District, Cilacap Regency. For data collection, interviews and questionnaires were used with respondents consisting of 100 households, while the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) was used for analysis. According to the results, the demand for marine fish was influenced by several factors, namely price, fish expenditure, income, number of family members, and tastes. Also, the price of elasticity of the four fish commodities was inelastic. Income elasticity of tuna, skipjack, and squid were inferior goods, while shrimp were luxury goods. The cross-price elasticity of the four fish commodities is more complementary. This research suggests that the relevant government agencies must improve facilities and infrastructure to maintain the quality and availability of fresh marine fish commodities. The Government through related departments or managers of local Fish Auction Places (TPI) need to improve facilities and infrastructure as well as improve infrastructure, for example providing fish coolers so that quality is maintained and ensuring the availability of fresh marine fish commodities can be maintained. Furthermore, the gemarikan program (love eating fish program) can be maximized to increase the taste and awareness, and interest of the people of Cilacap Regency in consuming marine fish as a side dish.

Several provinces in Indonesia have regional dormitories in Yogyakarta. This allows each student from various regions to have awareness of their respective ethnic identities, even though this has the potential to create horizontal conflicts. This study aims to describe how Aceh dormitory students in the city of Yogyakarta interpret ethnic identity and how intercultural communication relationships with other ethnicities and the surrounding community and how their views are related to the disintegration of the nation. This research is qualitative research using data collection techniques through interviews. The results showed that Acehnese students were aware of the ethnic identity that was the basis of the hostel and they saw that ethnic identity was important. Aceh dormitory students also introduce culture in cultural events, through which intercultural communication with other ethnicities and the surrounding community can be established. They think that as sons and daughters of the region, they should be proud of their respective ethnicities, but still have to uphold an attitude of inter-ethnic tolerance, so that this awareness does not cause the nation's disintegration.

This research aims to analyze the effect of capital, cost, working hours, labor, technology, analyze the most influential variables on the production of sand and stone and determine the level of technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, and economic efficiency. The analysis technique uses the Stochastic Frontier Analysis MLE method. The results showed that capital, cost, and technology variables have no significant effect, labor has a positive and significant effect. The most influential variable on sand and stone production in Banyumas Regency is labor. The level of technical efficiency in the production of sand is 0,829418, and stone is 0,743271. The level of allocative efficiency of sand production is 1,799976 and stone 1,997888. The level of economic efficiency of sand production is 1,492933 and stone 1,484972. The production of sand and stone has reached technical efficiency but has not yet reached allocative efficiency and economic efficiency.

Kondisi psikologis seperti cemas, stres, hingga depresi pada mahasiswa akan berdampak terhadap motivasi belajar menjadi berkurang, prestasi akademik-pun menurun, jarang berinteraksi sosial, keputusasaan bahkan keinginan untuk mengakhiri hidup. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mencari metode alternatif yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegahnya. Tujuan telaah literatur ini untuk mengetahui tentang efektivitas terapi meditasi berbasis kesadaran terhadap respons psikologis yang terjadi pada mahasiswa. Pencarian artikel melalui database berbasis elektronik dari jurnal terpublikasi melalui MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library (Wiley) dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2013-2018, dari 165 artikel ditemukan lima artikel studi acak terkontrol. Studi dilakukan di beberapa Universitas dari negara yang berbeda-beda; Korea Selatan, Amerika Serikat, Norwegia, dan Tiongkok. Karakteristik responden didominasi mahasiswa berjenis kelamin wanita dengan rentang usia 18-24 tahun. Instrumen penelitian yang paling banyak digunakan: Depression, Anxiety, Stres Scale – 21 items, 39-item The Five facet mindfulness questionnaire, dan 13-item perceived medical school stres. Meditasi berbasis kesadaran dapat digunakan dalam mengurangi stres atau kecemasan serta respons psikologisnya lainnya pada mahasiswa. Intervensi ini cukup fleksibel dan cost-effective.

The economic growth in Indonesia showed a stable trend while the growth in energy consumption showed a declining trend. However, previous studies had revealed the existence of positive and significant relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. This study aims to analyse the effect of oil, gas, and biomass fuel consumption, road infrastructure, life expectancy, and average length of education on economic growth in Indonesia during the year of 1990-2019. This study used quantitative approach with linear regression as data analysis method. The data used are time series data from the period of 1990-2019. The result of this study showed that oil, gas, and biomass fuel consumption, as well as average length of education have a positive and significant effect, while road infrastructure and life expectancy have no effect on economic growth in Indonesia for the year of 1990-2019. This study recommends: 1) energy reserves should be improved by increasing the number of energy sources and developing more infrastructure in order to support and boost the supply of energy, 2) quality of educations should be upgraded by giving out scholarships as well as improving the educators and physical infrastructure.

The presence of hard rock in Mount Betung has caused the misalignment of the groundwater aquifers, and resulted in many drilling failures for groundwater. An integrated geophysics method using gravity survey and Geoelectric Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were conducted to study the effect of basement and hard rock on groundwater prospects. From the gravity method, 38 mapping points were carried out randomly, with a distance of 1-2 km in-between. Meanwhile, from the geoelectric method, 51 VES points were acquired at the foot of Mount Betung. The acquisition was conducted with a Schlumberger configuration with AB/2 = 1 m to 250 m. The results show the Bouguer Anomaly in the west is 50-68 mgal due to the presence of hard rock in Mount Betung. This anomaly responds to relatively shallow hard rocks near surface. Hard rocks composed of andesite and breccia normally present at the depth of 5-180 m during well construction. Resistivity isopach mapping from VES data (at AB/2 = 50 m, 100 m, and 150 m) shows the dominant constituents of hard rock. Fractures in hard rock contribute to secondary porosity, which could be a prospect zone that transmit groundwater. This finding shows that the fractures are randomly scattered, causing several well failures that have been worked. Furthermore, the fractures in the hard rock at the foot of Mount Betung acts as conduits between recharge at Mount Betung and the aquifer in the Bandar Lampung Basin.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal uraian materi Gerak Harmonik Sederhana, (2) mendeskripsikan penyebab kesalahan siswa, (3) mengatasi agar kesalahan tidak terjadi kembali dalam mengerjakan soal uraian materi Gerak Harmonik Sederhana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deksriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa kelas X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Teras Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Data utama dalam penelitian ini adalah jawaban tes tertulis siswa, sedangkan hasil kegiatan observasi dan wawancara merupakan sumber data pendukung. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 (dua) teknik yaitu teknik tes dan teknik wawancara. Teknik validitas yang digunakan adalah triangulasi data. Jenis Kesalahan yang siswa lakaukan dalam mengerjakan soal uraian pada materi gerak harmonik sederhana adalah kesalahan Encoding, yaitu sebesar 1569,35 %"> , kesalahan Process Skill sebesar 67,74 %, kesalahan Transformation sebesar 46,77 %, kesalahan Comprehension sebesar 10 % dan kesalahan reading sebesar 1,9 %. Kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal uraian Fisika pada materi Gerak Harmonik Sederhana terjadi karena siswa belum memahami konsep dengan matang, terburu-buru dalam mengerjakan soal, tidak bisa menentukan persamaan, dan kurang teliti.

This paper aims to reveal the implementation of autonomy in Aceh by using descriptive research methods through literature review. Based on the analysis of the literature sources, it can be found that the policy of regulation and division of territory as well as the pattern of relations between the Central Government and Regional Governments at the beginning of independence were pragmatic and tended to generalize, this could lead to armed conflicts such as in Aceh. Thus, an asymmetric decentralization policy is needed so that it can meet the demands of the Acehnese people, which historically, geographically, and socio-religiously have their own uniqueness and have made a major contribution to the struggle to achieve and maintain Indonesian independence.

This study aims to (1) identify roles, (2) describe the challenges and (3) the efforts of BEM UNY activist students in strengthening the nationalist character in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques of this research were interviews and documentation. The subjects of this study were seven student activists from BEM UNY for the period 2020 who were determined by purposive technique. This research data analysis using qualitative analysis which consists of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study are as follows. (1) Student activists from BEM UNY play a role in strengthening the nationalist character in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, as agents of change, social control, iron stocks. (2) The challenges faced are the “ups and downs” of enthusiasm within oneself, participation in every activity, adaptation of technological sophistication, and people who have radical views. (3) Efforts are made, namely creating attractive work programs by integrating technological sophistication, creating movements or communities as alternatives, adapting, making oneself a good example, and taking a personal approach.

This study aims to evaluate apprenticeship education and training at PPSDM MIGAS using the CIPP method. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method where data is obtained from interviews, documentation, and photos. Respondents who are the source of data are managers, teachers, and participants in education and apprenticeship at PPSDM MIGAS Cepu. The result of this research is to evaluate from the aspect of the context of education and training which contains the background, goals, and objectives that have been implemented by the objectives, the input aspect consisting of curriculum, human resources, infrastructure, and education financing. programs and training have been carried out by the existing curriculum and with competent managers and instructors. The process aspect consisting of preparation and evaluation of the results of education and training programs has been carried out well. product aspect (outcome) which consists of the quality of participants' learning outcomes and the number of graduates participating in the training program according to their achievements.

ABSTRACT Garut traditional food still exists despite the changing consumption patterns. Purchaser inclinations for conventional food varieties (dodol, skin saltines, wajit, rengginang, prepared bananas) reflect different interest examples for these traditional food sources. This review intends to dissect the impact of the free factor on the ward and examine the interest-based essential information was 100 respondents with accidental sampling. The analysis used was logistic regression and Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). This study offers novelty in demand analysis with the AIDS approach. This review offers a sought-after oddity investigation with the AIDS approach. The outcomes showed (1) Price, promotion, and taste impacted individuals' preferences for traditional food, while income and education did not influence individuals' preferences for traditional food. (2) Changes in the price of traditional food do not influence the interest for traditional food is inelastic. The price elasticity itself is positive inelastic; the more significant part of the cross elasticity is positive, which that traditional food sources supplant one another. Keywords: AIDS, Consumers, Preference, Traditional food

This research aims at finding out (1) quadrant position of each study program in the departement Ex Schools of Language and Arts Education (PBS) FKIP UNS using SWOT analysis method. (2) strategic planning study program of Javanese Language Eduction in the Departement of Ex Schools of Language and Arts Education (PBS) FKIP UNS development efforts study program by using the SWOT method.The results of research show that : (1) quadrant position of Education of Visual Arts Study Program and Language and Literature of Indonesia Studies Program are located in quadrant I (strength-opportunity). Javanese Education Studies Program and English Education Study Program are located in quadrant II (strength-treath). (2) Strategic planning that can be applied to the Javanese Education Study Program in the effort of developing study program using SWOT matrix that is (a) capacity building of human resources (b) making the student achievement program (mawapres) become the flagship program for the students (c) conduct a disciplined and responsible implementation of the curriculum (d) reproduce international journal publications for lecturers of Javanese Education Studies Program (e) increase the regular infrastructure maintenance (f) analyzing the budget needs to make the draft budget (g) Apply work based learning in student learning (h) Develop clear SOP organizational management study program (i) Improve communication between universities and the employment (j) improve the performance of multimedia and information teams in the study program (k) improve cooperation relationships with institutions partner (l) cooperate with the government in the regions to distribute the graduates of the study program (m) improve the quality and quantity of research programs and community service

The purpose of this research was to study the growth response of pokem (Setaria italica), which was inoculated by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from the tailings area. The method used in this research was a completely randomized design of factorial pattern. The factors consisted of AMF types (M)(M0: non-mycorrhizal, M1: Claroideoglomus etunicatum BGR, M2: C. lamellosum B1107S, M3: C. etunicatum L3101D), and inoculum density (I) (I: 5 g, II: 10 g per pot of planting media) with 8 replicates. The source of inoculum C. lamellosum B1107S and C. etunicatum L3101D originated from tailings in the gold mining area of Timika. The results showed that inoculation of C. etunicatum L3101D could increase the plant growth better than C. etunicatum BGR and C. lamellosum B1107S. Significant growth occurred on the parameters of the height of the plants, leaf area, dry weight and fresh weight of the plants, relative growth rate, and phosphorus absorption by the plants. The amount of nitrogen tended to decrease with AMF treatment, but it was not significant, whereas K has insiginificantly increased. The propagule density treatment increased plant growth on all parameters. The best growth occurred if the type C. etunicatum L3101D was inoculated with 10 g of propagule per planting media.

Provinsi Lampung memiliki kondisi geografis kompleks, dilewati jalur bukit Bukit barisan Barisan dan terletak diantara dua lempeng yaitu Indo-Australia dan Eurasia. Provinsi Lampung juga merupakan wilayah yang dekat dengan Samudera Hindia dan terletak pada zona Sesar Semangko (Sumatra Transform Fault Zone) yang terbentang dari Aceh sampai Teluk Semangka Lampung. Dengan demikian penataan wilayah dan pembangunan infrastruktur yang berbasis mitigasi gempabumi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik lapisan batuan sedimen pada area pembangunan Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Universitas Lampung (RSP Unila) sebagai bagian dari tahapan mitigasi bencana gempabumi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode mikrotremor dan analisis geologi permukaan. Data pengukuran metode mikrotremor dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis Horizontal Vertical Spectrum Ratio (HVSR) untuk mendapakan nilai amplifikasi (A0) dan frekuensi dominan (f0).Hasil dari analisis HVSR diperoleh nilai frekuensi dominan (f0) berkisar 0.65–1.2 Hz, amplifikasi (A0) berkisar 3.33–5.62, dan nilai periode dominan (T0) 0.6–1.5 sekon. Nilai A0, f0, T0 diinterpreasikan dengan mengacu data literatur dan geologi permukaan yang relevan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa daerah penelitian memiliki jenis lapisan sedimen yang rentan terhadap peristiwa gempabumi.

Steady-state model of geothermal system in Way Ratai for exploration activities was numerically modelled by using the HYDROTHERM INTERACTIVE software based on the Newton-Raphson algorithm. In the present numerical modelling, cross-sectional area was determined by around 18 km in length of northwest-southeast (NW-SE) direction and 5 km in vertical direction from a mean sea level (msl) using grids width of 100 m, 200 m, and 500 m. Numerical simulation was run for 100,000 years using an interval 1000 years along with manifestation data as reference current conditions. Significant results of simulation were obtained at a 25,000 iteration years, identifying as steady-state condition for the Way Ratai geothermal system. The numerical results show that geothermal reservoirs potentially has a length range of approximately 9 km, with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 km with a temperature ranging from 250 - 350◦C. The reservoir’s depth is ranging from 600-1200 m beneath thick caprocks and strengthens previous AMT research results. The distribution of steam trapped in the southeastern part of the Way Ratai peak becomes an important target for exploration drilling. Furthermore, according to large area, thickness, and high reservoir temperature from numerical models, the Way Ratai geothermal system is potential to being explored because the geothermal reservoirs contain a high enthalpy mass of steam.

The American Hearth Association (AHA) mengidentifikasi bahwa pentingnya memodifikasi gaya hidup agar terhindar dari tekanan darah tinggi seperti memilih menu makanan yang sehat, mobilisasi, manajemen stres, mematuhi regimen pengobatan, dukungan sosial keluarga, tidak merokok, menghindari alkohol, menjaga berat badan ideal, mengontrol tekanan darah, dan tingkatkan asupan potassium 3500-5000mg serta pengurangan asupan garam (sodium) (

This paper aims at estimating the energy demand elasticity in relation to gross domestic product in Indonesia based on data from 1995 to 2018. The sectors examined are industry, trading, transportation, and housing sectors. The method of analysis is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). An interesting estimation result here is that the elasticity of the industry sector is negative both short and long term. The other three sectors show positive elasticity. This paper contributes to the discussion of the energy demand ARDL model to be used as a reference in developing countries.

Increased groundwater extraction from aquifers in Holo-Quaternary rock formations in Lampung Bay has caused saltwater intrusion. This indication appears in several community wells and can spread further inland. Therefore, this study aims to identify the distribution of areas exposed to saline water and the boundaries of areas that have not, especially in the Holo-Quaternary Formation. This research uses the geoelectric method integrated with salinity data and the Soil Penetration Test (SPT) analysis at four drilling points. A total of 4 lines of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 8 points of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) have been acquired with a Schlumberger configuration with an AB/2 span of up to 200 meters. Meanwhile, the salinity data was measured directly from 60 samples from community wells. The ERT and VES analysis results show that the coastal aquifer in Lampung Bay is at a depth of 2–24 m. SPT analysis identified interbedded sand, silt, and clay which were interpreted as marine sedimentation from the Holo-Quaternary Formation layer. Groundwater is only in shallow aquifers (less than 24 m) but has experienced seawater intrusion with low resistivity values between 9–20 ohm m. The distribution of high salinity values up to 3,100 ppm has reached more than 1 km from the coastline. Furthermore, ERT results reinforce this finding, which shows low resistivity values of less than 10 ohm m in the shallow aquifer zone. VES data detects low resistivity values (18 ohm m) at a depth of 12–13 m.

The Covid-19 pandemic that began to spread at the beginning of 2020 has greatly affected the economy, including firms’ financial conditions. In this respect, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) likely experience greater negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic than large firms due to their limited resources. Hence, this study aims to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs’ performance in former Pekalongan Residency, as measured by the sales turnover, labor, and business cash flow resilience. The analysis is based on the survey results of 100 MSMEs in the Pekalongan former regency. The findings suggest that MSMEs have suffered a sales turnover decrease of 1.2573 percent. Further, the mapping analysis using the Cartesian diagram demonstrates that the retail and food and beverage provision sectors exhibit the greatest labor decrease and average business cash flow resilience of 1.5 – 2 months. Meanwhile, based on firm size, micro firms have average cash resilience of 1.5 – 2 months.

Online learning has increased rapidly in Indonesia's higher education since the government enforced to combat the spread of COVID-19. However, inequality in implementation has become an issue in several countries. In Indonesia, with archipelagic and mountainous topography has several challenges. Therefore, the present study is aimed to evaluate and analyze the benefits, challenges, and suggestions of online learning in Indonesia for future improvement. A total of 271 students were surveyed and provided complete information regarding the survey. Quantitatively, the instrument of the survey data is analyzed by using SPSS software. Qualitatively, data from open-ended participants' responses were analyzed by qualitative content analysis to explore the findings from the survey. The result showed that online learning was more efficient, provided easy communication, improve students' engagement, and developed their virtual learning skills. However, it was also found that the overall students were still unsatisfied since the uneven infrastructures of internet connectivity and learning arrangements not good enough. In line with this, media, processes, facilitators skills, and assessments needed further improvement. Students’ suggestions for improving online learning quality are discussed as well.

The technological development of the automotive sector is increasing, every year there is an increase in the production of motor vehicles in Indonesia. The increase in motorized vehicles will certainly have an impact on the use of fuel oil which is also increasing. Though fuel oil is a non-renewable fossil fuel, so that continuous use can lead to scarcity of fossil fuels someday. In addition to causing scarcity of fossil fuels, the increasing number of vehicles will also cause the surrounding environment to be increasingly polluted by the exhaust emissions from the combustion process of the motorized vehicles. Various alternatives are used as a mixture of fuels to reduce fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emissions, such as ethanol, hydrogen, butanol, biodiesel, methanol etc. The purpose of this literacy study was to determine the effect of using ethanol on fuel consumption and its economic value. Based on the results of a study of literacy is known that the addition of ethanol does reduce the level of fuel consumption, However, if viewed from an economic perspective, the addition of ethanol has actually caused the purchase price of fuel to increase, this will certainly hinder the growth of the desire to use ethanol as an alternative source of fuel substitute by the people of Indonesia.