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Abstract Background Sugammadex is associated with few postoperative complications. Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) are related to prolonged hospitalizations. Present study explored whether the use of sugammadex could reduce PPCs and thereby reduce hospital length of stay (LOS) after lung surgery. Methods We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent elective open lobectomy for lung cancer from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into the sugammadex group and pyridostigmine group. The primary outcome was hospital LOS and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications and overall survival at 1 year. The cohort was subdivided into patients with and without prolonged LOS to explore the effects of sugammadex on outcomes in each group. Risk factors for LOS were determined via multivariate analyses. After propensity score matching, 127 patients were assigned to each group. Results Median hospital LOS was shorter (10.0 vs. 12.0 days) and the incidence of postoperative atelectasis was lower (18.1 vs. 29.9%) in the sugammadex group. However, no significant difference in overall survival between the groups was seen over 1 year (hazard ratio, 0.967; 95% confidence interval, 0.363 to 2.577). Sugammadex was a predictor related to LOS (exponential coefficient 0.88; 95% CI 0.82–0.95). Conclusions Our data suggest that sugammadex is a preferable agent for neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal than cholinesterase inhibitors in this patient population. Trial registration This study registered in the Clinical Research Information Service of the Korea National Institute of Health (approval number: KCT0004735 , Date of registration: 21 January 2020, Retrospectively registered).

Background and objectives: Sugammadex is an alternative pharmacological drug capable of reversing neuromuscular blockades without the limitations that are presented by anticholinesterase drugs. Coagulation disorders that are related to treatment with sugammadex were reported. The exact mechanism of the effects on coagulation are not fully understood. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of rocuronium, sugammadex and the rocuronium-sugammadex complex on coagulation in an experimental model in rats. Methods: This is an experimental randomized animal study. Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the following groups: the Control Group; the Ssal Group – 0.5 mL of intravenous saline; the Sugammadex Group – intravenous sugammadex (100 mg kg−1); and the Rocuronium-Sugammadex Group – intravenous solution with rocuronium (3.75 mg kg−1) and sugammadex (100 mg kg−1). Anesthesia was performed by using isoflurane with controlled ventilation. Coagulation factors were measured 10 minutes after the end of the preoperative preparation and 30 minutes after the administration of the drugs in accordance with the chosen groups. Results: Platelet counts, prothrombin times, and activated partial thromboplastin times were similar between the groups and between the moments within each group. There were reductions in the plasma fibrinogen levels between sample times 1 and 2 in the Rocuronium-Sugammadex group (p = 0.035). Conclusions: The rocuronium-sugammadex complex promoted reductions in plasma fibrinogen counts, although the levels were still within normal limits. Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: O sugamadex é uma substância farmacológica alternativa capaz de reverter o bloqueio neuromuscular sem as limitações apresentadas pelos anticolinesterásicos. Entretanto, há relatos de transtornos de coagulação relacionados ao tratamento com sugamadex sem que mecanismos exatos de seus efeitos sobre a coagulação sejam totalmente compreendidos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos de rocurônio, sugamadex e do complexo rocurônio-sugamadex sobre a coagulação em um modelo experimental com ratos. Métodos: Este é um estudo randomizado experimental animal. Ratos Wistar foram aleatoriamente designados aos seguintes grupos: grupo controle; Grupo Ssal – 0,5 mL de solução salina intravenosa; Grupo sugamadex – sugamadex intravenoso (100 mg kg−1); e Grupo rocurônio-sugamadex – solução intravenosa com rocurônio (3,75 mg kg−1) e sugamadex (100 mg kg−1). A anestesia foi realizada utilizando-se isoflurano com ventilação controlada. Os fatores de coagulação foram medidos 10 minutos após o final do preparo pré-operatório e 30 minutos após a administração de drogas de acordo com os grupos escolhidos. Resultados: Contagem de plaquetas, tempo de protrombina e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada foram semelhantes entre os grupos e entre os momentos dentro de cada grupo. Houve redução nos níveis de fibrinogênio plasmático entre os tempos 1 e 2 no grupo rocurônio-sugamadex (p = 0,035). Conclusões: O complexo rocurônio-sugamadex promoveu reduções na contagem de fibrinogênio plasmático, apesar de os níveis continuarem dentro dos limites normais.

Abstract Background and objectives: Sugamadex is a modified gamma-cyclodextrin, the first selective agent for reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by steroidal non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, with greater affinity for rocuronium. In this article we present a case of severe bradycardia and asystole following sugammadex administration. Case report: A 54-year-old male patient, ASA II, with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity, who underwent an emergency umbilical herniorrhaphy under balanced general anesthesia. Intraoperative muscle relaxation was maintained with rocuronium. At the end of the surgery, the patient maintained a neuromuscular block with two TOF responses, and sugammadex (200 mg) was administered. About thirty seconds after its administration, the patient developed marked bradycardia (HR 30 bpm) followed by asystole. Conclusions: Documented bradycardia and asystole were attributed to the administration of sugammadex. This case shows that, although rare, cardiac arrest is a possible adverse effect of this drug, and that the knowledge of this situation can be determinant for the patient’s evolution.

Background: Sugammadex is associated with few postoperative complications. Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) are related to prolonged hospitalizations. Present study explored whether the use of sugammadex could reduce PPCs and thereby reduce hospital length of stay (LOS) after lung surgery.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent elective open lobectomy for lung cancer from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into the sugammadex group and pyridostigmine group. The primary outcome was hospital LOS and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications and overall survival at 1 year. The cohort was subdivided into patients with and without prolonged LOS to explore the effects of sugammadex on outcomes in each group. Risk factors for LOS were determined via multivariate analyses. After propensity score matching, 127 patients were assigned to each group.Results: Median hospital LOS was shorter (10.0 vs. 12.0 days) and the incidence of postoperative atelectasis was lower (18.1 vs. 29.9%) in the sugammadex group. However, no significant difference in overall survival between the groups was seen over 1 year (hazard ratio, 0.967; 95% confidence interval, 0.363 to 2.577). Sugammadex was a predictor related to LOS (exponential coefficient 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.95).Conclusions: Our data suggest that sugammadex is a preferable agent for neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal than cholinesterase inhibitors in this patient population.Trial Registration: This study registered in the Clinical Research Information Service of the Korea National Institute of Health (approval number: KCT0004735 , Date of registration: 21 January 2020, Retrospectively registered). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O sugamadex é uma substância farmacológica alternativa capaz de reverter o bloqueio neuromuscular sem as limitações apresentadas pelos anticolinesterásicos. Entretanto, há relatos de transtornos de coagulação relacionados ao tratamento com sugamadex sem que mecanismos exatos de seus efeitos sobre a coagulação sejam totalmente compreendidos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos do rocurônio, sugamadex e do complexo rocurônio‐sugamadex sobre a coagulação em um modelo experimental com ratos. Este é um estudo randomizado experimental animal. Ratos Wistar foram aleatoriamente designados aos seguintes grupos: grupo controle; Grupo Ssal – 0,5 mL de solução salina intravenosa; Grupo sugamadex – sugamadex intravenoso (100 mg.kg‐1); e Grupo rocurônio‐sugamadex – solução intravenosa com rocurônio (3,75 mg.kg‐1) e sugamadex (100 mg.kg‐1). A anestesia foi realizada utilizando‐se isoflurano com ventilação controlada. Os fatores de coagulação foram medidos 10 minutos após o final do preparo pré‐operatório e 30 minutos após a administração de drogas de acordo com os grupos escolhidos. Contagem de plaquetas, tempo de protrombina e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada foram semelhantes entre os grupos e entre os momentos dentro de cada grupo. Houve redução nos níveis de fibrinogênio plasmático entre os tempos 1 e 2 no grupo rocurônio‐sugamadex (p = 0,035). O complexo rocurônio‐sugamadex promoveu reduções na contagem de fibrinogênio plasmático, apesar de os níveis continuarem dentro dos limites normais. Sugammadex is an alternative pharmacological drug capable of reversing neuromuscular blockades without the limitations that are presented by anticholinesterase drugs. Coagulation disorders that are related to treatment with sugammadex were reported. The exact mechanism of the effects on coagulation are not fully understood. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of rocuronium, sugammadex and the rocuronium‐sugammadex complex on coagulation in an experimental model in rats. This is an experimental randomized animal study. Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the following groups: the Control Group; the Ssal Group – 0.5 mL of intravenous saline; the Sugammadex Group – intravenous sugammadex (100 mg.kg‐1); and the Rocuronium‐Sugammadex Group – intravenous solution with rocuronium (3.75 mg.kg‐1) and sugammadex (100 mg.kg‐1). Anesthesia was performed by using isoflurane with controlled ventilation. Coagulation factors were measured 10 minutes after the end of the preoperative preparation and 30 minutes after the administration of the drugs in accordance with the chosen groups. Platelet counts, prothrombin times and activated partial thromboplastin times were similar between the groups and between the moments within each group. There were reductions in the plasma fibrinogen levels between sample times 1 and 2 in the Rocuronium‐Sugammadex group (p = 0.035). The rocuronium‐sugammadex complex promoted reductions in plasma fibrinogen counts, although the levels were still within normal limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos O sugamadex é uma gama ciclodextrina modificada, o primeiro agente seletivo para reversão do bloqueio neuromuscular induzido pelos relaxantes musculares não despolarizantes do tipo esteroide, com maior afinidade para o rocurônio. Neste artigo apresentamos um caso de bradicardia grave e assistolia após administração de sugamadex. Relato do caso Doente do sexo masculino, 54 anos, ASA II, com antecedentes pessoais de hipertensão, dislipidemia e obesidade, submetido à herniorrafia umbilical em regime de urgência sob anestesia geral balanceada. O relaxamento muscular intraoperatório foi mantido com rocurônio. No fim da cirurgia o doente mantinha bloqueio neuromuscular com duas respostas no TOF, pelo que foi administrado sugamadex 200 mg. Cerca de trinta segundos após a sua administração, o doente desenvolveu bradicardia acentuada (FC 30 bpm) seguida de período de assistolia. Conclusões A bradicardia e a assistolia documentadas foram atribuídas à administração do sugamadex. Este caso evidencia que, apesar de rara, a parada cardíaca é um efeito adverso possível desse fármaco e que o conhecimento dessa situação pode ser determinante para a evolução do doente. Abstract Background and objectives Sugamadex is a modified gamma‐cyclodextrin, the first selective agent for reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by steroidal non‐depolarizing muscle relaxants, with greater affinity for rocuronium. In this article we present a case of severe bradycardia and asystole following sugammadex administration. Case report A 54‐year‐old male patient, ASA II, with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity, who underwent an emergency umbilical herniorrhaphy under balanced general anesthesia. Intraoperative muscle relaxation was maintained with rocuronium. At the end of the surgery, the patient maintained a neuromuscular block with two TOF responses, and sugammadex (200 mg) was administered. About thirty seconds after its administration, the patient developed marked bradycardia (HR 30 bpm) followed by asystole. Conclusions Documented bradycardia and asystole were attributed to the administration of sugammadex. This case shows that, although rare, cardiac arrest is a possible adverse effect of this drug, and that the knowledge of this situation can be determinant for the patient's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background and objective: Sugammadex is the first selective relaxant binding agent. When compared with neostigmine, following sugammadex administration patients wake earlier and have shorter recovery times. In this study, we hypothesized that fast and clear awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia has positive effects on cognitive functions in the early period after operation. Methods: Approved by the local ethical committee, 128 patients were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind study. Patients were allocated to either Sugammadex group (Group S) or the Neostigmine group (Group N). The primary outcome of the study was early postoperative cognitive recovery as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). After baseline assessment 12-24 h before the operation. After the operation, when the Modified Aldrete Recovery Score was ≥9 the MMSE and 1 h later the MoCA tests were repeated. Results: Although there was a reduction in MoCA and MMSE scores in both Group S and Group N between preoperative and postoperative scores, there was no statistically significant difference in the slopes (p > 0.05). The time to reach TOF 0.9 was 2.19 min in Group S and 6.47 min in Group N (p < 0.0001). Recovery time was 8.26 min in Group S and 16.93 min in Group N (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: We showed that the surgical procedure and/or accompanying anesthetic procedure may cause a temporary or permanent regression in cognitive function in the early postoperative period. However, better cognitive performance could not be proved in the Sugammadex compared to the Neostigmine.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos Os parâmetros de peso para o uso de sugamadex em pacientes com obesidade mórbida ainda precisam ser definidos. Métodos Um ensaio clínico prospectivo foi feito com 60 participantes com índice de massa corporal ≥ 40 kg.m −2 , submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica, randomizados em três grupos: peso ideal (PI), peso corrigido em 20% (PC20) e peso corrigido em 40% (PC40). Todos os pacientes receberam anestesia intravenosa total. Rocurônio foi administrado em dose de 0,6 mg.kg −1 para intubação traqueal pelo peso ideal, seguido de infusão (0,3 a 0,6 mg.kg −1 .h −1 ). A sequência de quatro estímulos (TOF) foi usada para monitorar a profundidade do bloqueio. Após recuperação espontânea da segunda resposta do TOF no fim da cirurgia, 2 mg.kg −1 de sugamadex foi administrado. O desfecho primário foi o tempo de reversão do bloqueio neuromuscular até obter TOF ≥ 0,9. O desfecho secundário foi a ocorrência de curarização residual pós‐operatória na sala de recuperação pós‐anestésica, avaliaram‐se a capacidade do paciente de passar do leito cirúrgico para o de transporte, a adequação da oxigenação, o padrão respiratório, a habilidade para deglutir saliva e a clareza de visão. Resultados Os grupos foram homogêneos quanto a gênero, idade, peso corporal total, peso corporal ideal, índice de massa corporal, tipo e tempo de cirurgia. Os tempos de reversão (segundos) foram (média ± desvio‐padrão) 225,2 ± 81,2, 173,9 ± 86,8 e 174,1 ± 74,9, respectivamente, nos grupos PI, PC20 e PC40 ( p = 0,087). Conclusões Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos quanto ao tempo de reversão do bloqueio neuromuscular e frequência de curarização residual pós‐operatória. Concluímos que o peso corporal ideal pode ser usado para calcular a dose de sugamadex para reverter o bloqueio neuromuscular moderado em pacientes com obesidade mórbida. Background and objectives The weight parameters for use of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients still need to be defined. Methods A prospective clinical trial was conducted with sixty participants with body mass index ≥ 40 kg.m −2 during bariatric surgery, randomized into three groups: ideal weight (IW), 20% corrected body weight (CW20) and 40% corrected body weight (CW40). All patients received total intravenous anesthesia. Rocuronium was administered at dose of 0.6 mg.kg −1 of Ideal weight for tracheal intubation, followed by infusion of 0.3–0.6 mg.kg −1 .h −1 . Train of four (TOF) was used to monitor depth of blockade. After spontaneous recovery TOF‐count 2 at the end of surgery, 2 mg.kg −1 of sugammadex was administered. Primary outcome was neuromuscular blockade reversal time to TOF ≥ 0.9. Secondary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative residual curarization in post‐anesthesia recovery room, searching the patient's ability to pass from the surgical bed to the transport, adequacy of oxygenation, respiratory pattern, ability to swallow saliva and clarity of vision. Results Groups were homogenous in gender, age, total body weight, ideal body weight, body mass index, type and time of surgery. The reversal times (s) were (mean ± standard deviation) 225.2 ± 81.2, 173.9 ± 86.8 and 174.1 ± 74.9 respectively, in the IW, CW20 and CW40 groups ( p = 0.087). Conclusions No differences were observed between groups with neuromuscular blockade reversal time and frequency of postoperative residual curarization. We concluded that ideal body weight can be used to calculate sugammadex dose to reverse moderate neuromuscular blockade in morbidly obese patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A case is reported in which a 3-days old neonate with a giant ovarian cyst was scheduled for surgery. The patient received a dose of sugammadex to reverse a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block. A fast and efficient recovery from neuromuscular block was achieved within 90 s. No adverse events or other safety concerns were observed. Furthermore, a review of the literature on the use of sugammadex in neonates was performed.

Resumo Objetivos As reduções da atividade do diafragma estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de atelectasia no período pós‐operatório. A reversão com neostigmina também está associada ao aumento de atelectasia. Avaliamos os efeitos de neostigmina, sugamadex e da reversão espontânea sobre a ventilação pulmonar regional e o fluxo aéreo. Métodos Seis ratos Sprague‐Dawley foram paralisados com rocurônio e mecanicamente ventilados até a recuperação da sequência de quatro estímulos atingir relação 0,5. Administramos neostigmina (0,06 mg.kg −1 ), sugamadex (15 mg.kg −1 ) ou solução salina (n = 2 por grupo). As tomografias foram feitas durante o ciclo respiratório. Modelos tridimensionais dos lobos pulmonares foram gerados com a tecnologia de imagem funcional respiratória e os volumes lobares foram calculados durante o ciclo respiratório. A superfície diafragmática foi segmentada para as varreduras expiratória final e inspiratória final. A alteração total no volume foi relatada pela alteração do volume pulmonar da varredura expiratória final para a varredura inspiratória final. O movimento da parede torácica foi definido como a variação do volume pulmonar menos a alteração no volume resultante da excursão do diafragma. Resultados Os dois ratos que receberam neostigmina apresentaram uma contribuição relativa menor do movimento do diafragma para a alteração total do volume pulmonar em comparação com os dois ratos que receberam sugamadex ou solução salina (contribuição da parede torácica (%): 26,69 e 25,55 para neostigmina; −2,77 e 15,98 para sugamadex; 18,82 e 10,30 para solução salina). Conclusão Este estudo piloto com ratos demonstrou uma contribuição relativa aumentada de expansão da parede torácica após neostigmina em comparação com sugamadex ou solução salina. Essa contribuição relativa menor de movimento do diafragma pode ser explicada por uma redução induzida por neostigmina na atividade do nervo frênico ou por receptores de acetilcolina permanecerem ocupados após a administração de neostigmina. Objectives Reductions in diaphragm activity are associated with the postoperative development of atelectasis. Neostigmine reversal is also associated with increased atelectasis. We assessed the effects of neostigmine, sugammadex, and spontaneous reversal on regional lung ventilation and airway flow. Methods Six Sprague–Dawley rats were paralysed with rocuronium and mechanically ventilated until recovery of the train‐of‐four ratio to 0.5. We administered neostigmine (0.06 mg.kg −1 ), sugammadex (15 mg.kg −1 ), or saline ( n = 2 per group). Computed tomography scans were obtained during the breathing cycle. Three‐dimensional models of lung lobes were generated using functional respiratory imaging technology, and lobar volumes were calculated during the breathing cycle. The diaphragmatic surface was segmented for the end‐expiratory and end‐inspiratory scans. The total change in volume was reported by the lung volume change from the end‐expiratory scan to the end‐inspiratory scan. Chest wall movement was defined as the lung volume change minus the volume change that resulted from diaphragm excursion. Results The two rats that received neostigmine exhibited a smaller relative contribution of diaphragm movement to the total change in lung volume compared with the two rats that received sugammadex or saline (chest wall contribution (%): 26.69 and 25.55 for neostigmine; −2.77 and 15.98 for sugammadex; 18.82 and 10.30 for saline). Conclusion This pilot study in rats demonstrated an increased relative contribution of chest wall expansion after neostigmine compared with sugammadex or saline. This smaller relative contribution of diaphragm movement may be explained by a neostigmine‐induced decrease in phrenic nerve activity or by remaining occupied acetylcholine receptors after neostigmine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos O objetivo de nosso estudo foi comparar os efeitos de sugamadex e neostigmina, usados para o antagonismo do bloqueio neuromuscular em náusea e vômito no pós‐operatório (NVPO). Métodos O estudo foi concluído com 98 pacientes de risco ASA I‐II, submetidos à intubação traqueal sob anestesia geral. Ao final da cirurgia, os pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos que receberam 2 mg kg −1 de sugamadex (Grupo A) ou 50 μg kg −1 de neostigmina mais 0,2 mg kg −1 de atropina (Grupo N). Os tempos de monitoração e registro foram definidos como uma hora de pós‐operatório e de 1‐6, 6‐12 e 12‐24 horas. As quantidades administradas de antieméticos foram registradas. Resultados Na primeira hora de pós‐operatório, 13 pacientes do Grupo N (27%) e 4 do Grupo S (8%) apresentaram náusea e/ou vômito e a diferença foi estatisticamente significativa ( p = 0,0016). Não houve diferença significativa na incidência e gravidade de NVPO ( p > 0,05) durante as 24 horas de monitoração, porém o número de pacientes que receberam ondansetron para o tratamento de NVPO no Grupo N foi estatística e significativamente maior que o número de pacientes no Grupo S (16 e 6, respectivamente, p < 0,011). Conclusões Ao final do estudo quando comparamos neostigmina com sugamadex para o antagonismo do bloqueio neuromuscular descobrimos que sugamadex apresentou menor incidência de NVPO na primeira hora de pós‐operatório e consumo menor de antiemético em 24 horas de monitoração. Background and objectives The aim of our study is to compare the effects of sugammadex and neostigmine, used for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Methods Our study was completed with 98 ASA I‐II risk patients undergoing endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. At the end of the surgery patients were randomly allocated into two groups given 2 mg kg −1 sugammadex (Group S) or 50 μg kg −1 neostigmine plus 0.2 mg kg −1 atropine (Group N). Monitoring and recording times were set as 1 hour postoperative and from 1–6, 6–12, and 12–24 hours. The anti‐emetic amounts administered were recorded. Results In the first postoperative hour 13 patients in Group N (27%) and 4 in Group S (8%) were observed to have nausea and/or vomiting and the difference was statistically significant ( p = 0.0016). During the 24 hours of monitoring there was no significant difference in the incidence and severity of PONV ( p > 0.05), however the number of patients given ondansetron for PONV treatment in Group N was significantly higher than the number in Group S (16 in Group N, 6 in Group S, p < 0.011). Conclusions At the end of our study comparing neostigmine with sugammadex for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, we found use of sugammadex had lower incidence of PONV in the postoperative 1 st hour and less anti‐emetic use in 24 hours of monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa A injeção intra‐arterial de medicamentos pode causar isquemia aguda e grave e resultar em morbidade e mortalidade. Não há informações na literatura que avaliem os efeitos endoteliais arteriais de sugamadex e dexmedetomidina. A hipótese de nosso estudo foi que dexmedetomidina e sugamadex causariam alterações histológicas na estrutura endotelial arterial quando administrados por via intra‐arterial. Método Os coelhos foram randomicamente divididos em quatro grupos: grupo controle (n = 7), sem intervenção; grupo cateter (n = 7), uma cânula foi inserida na artéria central da orelha e medicamentos não foram administrados; grupo sugamadex (n = 7), receberam 4 mg/kg de sugamadex na artéria central da orelha; grupo dexmedetomidina (n = 7), receberam 1 μg/kg de dexmedetomidina na artéria central da orelha. Após 72 horas, as orelhas foram amputadas e histologicamente examinadas. Resultados Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos controle e cateter referente aos escores histológicos. Os escores do dano causado ao endotélio e à membrana e fibra elásticas, da hipertrofia do músculo liso e do aumento do tecido conjuntivo foram significativamente maiores nos grupos dexmedetomidina e sugamadex do que nos grupos controle e cateter (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos dexmedetomidina e sugamadex nos escores histológicos. Conclusão A administração de sugamadex e dexmedetomidina a coelhos por via intra‐arterial causou danos arteriais histológicos. Para entender as alterações histológicas causadas por sugamadex e dexmedetomidina com mais clareza, estudos experimentais adicionais são necessários. Background Intra‐arterial injection of medications may cause acute and severe ischemia and result in morbidity and mortality. There is no information in the literature evaluating the arterial endothelial effects of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine. The hypothesis of our study is that sugammadex and dexmedetomidine will cause histological changes in arterial endothelial structure when administered intra‐arterially. Methods Rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group Control ( n = 7); no intervention performed. Group Catheter ( n = 7); a cannula inserted in the central artery of the ear, no medication was administered. Group Sugammadex ( n = 7); rabbits were given 4 mg/kg sugammadex into the central artery of the ear, and Group Dexmedetomidine ( n = 7); rabbits were given 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine into the central artery of the ear. After 72 h, the ears were amputated and histologically investigated. Results There was no significant difference found between the control and catheter groups in histological scores. The endothelial damage, elastic membrane and elastic fiber damage, smooth muscle hypertrophy and connective tissue increase scores in the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups were significantly higher than both the control and the catheter groups ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference found between the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups in histological scores. Conclusion Administration of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine to rabbits by intra‐arterial routes caused histological arterial damage. To understand the histological changes caused by sugammadex and dexmedetomidine more clearly, more experimental research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo Sugamadex é o primeiro agente de ligação relaxante seletivo. Após a administração de sugamadex, os tempos de despertar e de recuperação dos pacientes são menores, em comparação com neostigmina. Neste estudo, a hipótese foi que um despertar mais rápido e claro dos pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral tem efeitos positivos sobre as funções cognitivas no pós‐operatório imediato. Métodos Após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética local, 128 pacientes foram incluídos neste estudo prospectivo, randômico, controlado e duplo‐cego. Os pacientes foram designados para o grupo sugamadex (Grupo S) ou grupo neostigmina (Grupo N). O desfecho primário do estudo foi a recuperação cognitiva no pós‐operatório imediato, de acordo com a mensuração da Avaliação de Montreal da Função Cognitiva (MoCA) e com o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MMSE), após a avaliação inicial 12‐24 h antes da operação. Após a operação, quando o escore de recuperação de Aldrete modificado era ≥ 9, o teste MMSE e, uma hora depois, o teste MoCA foram repetidos. Resultados Embora tenha havido uma redução nos escores de MoCA e MMSE tanto no Grupo S quanto no Grupo N, entre os escores pré‐ e pós‐operatório não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nas reduções (p > 0,05). O tempo para atingir TOF 0,9 foi de 2,19 min no Grupo S e de 6,47 min no Grupo N (p < 0,0001). O tempo de recuperação foi de 8,26 min no Grupo S e de 16,93 min no Grupo N (p < 0,0001) Conclusão Mostramos que o procedimento cirúrgico e/ou procedimento anestésico de acompanhamento pode causar uma regressão temporária ou permanente da função cognitiva no pós‐operatório imediato. No entanto, um desempenho cognitivo melhor não pode ser provado no grupo sugamadex em comparação com o grupo neostigmina. Background and objective Sugammadex is the first selective relaxant binding agent. When compared with neostigmine, following sugammadex administration patients wake earlier and have shorter recovery times. In this study, we hypothesized that fast and clear awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia has positive effects on cognitive functions in the early period after operation. Methods Approved by the local ethical committee, 128 patients were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, controlled, double‐blind study. Patients were allocated to either Sugammadex group (Group S) or the Neostigmine group (Group N). The primary outcome of the study was early postoperative cognitive recovery as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). After baseline assessment 12–24 h before the operation. After the operation, when the Modified Aldrete Recovery Score was ≥9 the MMSE and 1 h later the MoCA tests were repeated. Results Although there was a reduction in MoCA and MMSE scores in both Group S and Group N between preoperative and postoperative scores, there was no statistically significant difference in the slopes ( p > 0.05). The time to reach TOF 0.9 was 2.19 min in Group S and 6.47 min in Group N ( p < 0.0001). Recovery time was 8.26 min in Group S and 16.93 min in Group N ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion We showed that the surgical procedure and/or accompanying anesthetic procedure may cause a temporary or permanent regression in cognitive function in the early postoperative period. However, better cognitive performance could not be proved in the Sugammadex compared to the Neostigmine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Objetivos O paciente queimado representa um desafio para o anestesiologista, pois se submete a várias intervenções cirúrgicas durante sua hospitalização e necessita de anestesia geral e relaxamento muscular na maior parte delas. Apresenta sistema respiratório comprometido e uma resposta aos relaxantes musculares que difere do paciente sadio; portanto, um monitoramento correto e reversão tornam‐se imprescindíveis. Avaliamos a eficácia e segurança do sugamadex nessa população. Material e métodos Estudo descritivo com caráter prospectivo que inclui quatro pacientes, todos eles considerados grandes queimados, submetidos a escarectomia com anestesia geral e relaxamento neuromuscular. Como variável principal tomou‐se o tempo de recuperação de TOF superior a 0,9 após a administração de sugamadex antes de extubação. Resultados O tempo médio de recuperação de uma razão TOF superior a 0,9 após a administração de sugamadex foi de 4,95 minutos (IC95% 3,25‐6,64; p = 0,53). Conclusões A reversão do relaxamento neuromuscular com sugamadex parece ser eficaz e segura no paciente queimado. Seriam necessários mais estudos analíticos, comparativos e de maior população para confirmar esses dados. Objectives The burn patient is a challenge for the anesthesiologist, undergoing several surgeries during admission, and requiring general anesthesia and muscle relaxation most of the times. They have respiratory system impairment and a response to muscle relaxants that differs from the healthy patient, thus proper monitoring and reversal is crucial. We analyzed sugammadex effectiveness and safety in this population. Material and methods Prospectively descriptive study including four patients, all of them considered major burn patients, who underwent escharotomy with general anesthesia and neuromuscular relaxation. The main variable was the time for recovery of a TOF higher than 0.9 after the administration of sugammadex before extubation. Results Mean time of recovery from a TOF ratio higher than 0.9 following the administration of Sugammadex was of 4.95 minutes 95% CI (3.25‐6.64, p = .53); Conclusions The reversion of neuromuscular relaxation with sugammadex appears to be effective and safe in the burn patient. More analytical, comparative studies, of larger populations would be necessary to confirm this data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Justificativa e objetivo os medicamentos administrados por via intravenosa podem ser contaminados durante as várias fases de produção ou preparação. Sugamadex é uma gama‐ciclodextrina modificada. Embora muitas pesquisas sobre os efeitos antibacterianos de uma variedade de ciclodextrinas estejam disponíveis, não há estudos dos efeitos antibacterianos de sugamadex. Este estudo investigou a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de sugamadex. Materiais e métodos a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de sugamadex foi investigada pelo método de microdiluição em meio de cultura. O pH da solução de ensaio foi determinado com o uso de um medidor de pH. Os microrganismos‐teste analisados incluíram Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus fecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Na segunda fase do estudo, 100 mg/mL de sugamadex (50 μg) foram contaminados com microrganismos‐teste (50 μg), incluindo S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. fecalis ATCC 29212, E. coli ATCC 25922 e P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, incubados por 24 horas e, em seguida, a produção bacteriana foi avaliada. Resultados o pH das soluções da análise variaram entre 7,25 e 6,97. Com o uso do método de microdiluição, sugamadex não apresentou efeito antibacteriano contra S. aureus , E. fecalis , E. coli e P. aeruginosa em qualquer concentração. Na segunda fase do estudo, a produção bacteriana foi observada após 24 horas em 100 mg/mL de sugamadex contaminados com os microrganismos‐teste S. aureus, E. fecalis, E. coli e P. aeruginosa . Conclusões sugamadex não apresentou efeito antimicrobiano sobre os microrganismos‐teste S. aureus, E. fecalis, E. coli e P. aeruginosa. Cuidados devem ser tomados para que as condições estéreis sejam mantidas na preparação de sugamadex, para que a mesma preparação não seja usada em mais de um paciente e para que as condições de armazenamento sejam observadas após a colocação de sugamadex em injetor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Relato do caso de uma criança recém‐nascida de três dias de idade com um cisto ovariano gigante programada para a cirurgia. A paciente recebeu uma dose de sugamadex para reverter o bloqueio neuromuscular induzido por rocurônio. Uma recuperação rápida e eficiente do bloqueio neuromuscular foi obtida dentro de 90 segundos. Não foram observados efeitos adversos ou outros problemas de segurança. Além disso, uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso de sugamadex em recém‐nascidos foi feita. A case is reported in which a 3‐days old neonate with a giant ovarian cyst was scheduled for surgery. The patient received a dose of sugammadex to reverse a rocuronium‐induced neuromuscular block. A fast and efficient recovery from neuromuscular block was achieved within 90 s. No adverse events or other safety concerns were observed. Furthermore, a review of the literature on the use of sugammadex in neonates was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hasta la fecha los únicos fármacos disponible para la reversión del bloqueo neuromuscular (BNM) son inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa. Sin embargo una importante limitación, amortiguada desde la introducción de bloqueantes de acción media como el rocuronio o el cisatracurio, es su falta de eficacia para revertir el BNM profundo. Aún así, hay situaciones clínicas en las que el anestesiólogo se ve obligado a trabajar con un BMN profundo hasta casi el final de la intervención, prolongándose necesariamente la anestesia hasta la recuperación espontánea del BNM, al menos, hasta la obtención de varias respuestas en el tren de cuatro (TOF). La futura introducción del sugammadex, una molécula que se une selectivamente al bloqueante neuromuscular parece poder revertir el BNM independientemente de la profundidad del mismo.

Background and Objectives: Sugammadex is an alternative pharmacological drug capable of reversing neuromuscular blockades without the limitations that are presented by anticholinesterase drugs. Coagulation disorders that are related to treatment with sugammadex were reported. The exact mechanism of the effects on coagulation are not fully understood. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of rocuronium, sugammadex and the rocuronium-sugammadex complex on coagulation in an experimental model in rats., Methods: This is an experimental randomized animal study. Wistar rats were randomly assigned into the following groups: the Control Group; the Ssal Group - 0.5 mL of intravenous saline; the Sugammadex Group - intravenous sugammadex (100 mg.kg -1 ); and the Rocuronium-Sugammadex Group - intravenous solution with rocuronium (3.75 mg.kg -1 ) and sugammadex (100 mg.kg -1 ). Anesthesia was performed by using isoflurane with controlled ventilation. Coagulation factors were measured 10 minutes after the end of the preoperative preparation and 30 minutes after the administration of the drugs in accordance with the chosen groups., Results: Platelet counts, prothrombin times and activated partial thromboplastin times were similar between the groups and between the moments within each group. There were reductions in the plasma fibrinogen levels between sample times 1 and 2 in the Rocuronium-Sugammadex group (p=0.035)., Conclusions: The rocuronium-sugammadex complex promoted reductions in plasma fibrinogen counts, although the levels were still within normal limits., (Copyright © 2020 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objectives: Sugamadex is a modified gamma-cyclodextrin, the first selective agent for reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by steroidal non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, with greater affinity for rocuronium. In this article we present a case of severe bradycardia and asystole following sugammadex administration., Case Report: A 54-year-old male patient, ASA II, with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity, who underwent an emergency umbilical herniorrhaphy under balanced general anesthesia. Intraoperative muscle relaxation was maintained with rocuronium. At the end of the surgery, the patient maintained a neuromuscular block with two TOF responses, and sugammadex (200mg) was administered. About thirty seconds after its administration, the patient developed marked bradycardia (HR 30 bpm) followed by asystole., Conclusions: Documented bradycardia and asystole were attributed to the administration of sugammadex. This case shows that, although rare, cardiac arrest is a possible adverse effect of this drug, and that the knowledge of this situation can be determinant for the patient's evolution., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Abstract Background and objectives: The weight parameters for use of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients still need to be defined. Methods: A prospective clinical trial was conducted with sixty participants with body mass index ≥ 40 kg.m-2 during bariatric surgery, randomized into three groups: ideal weight (IW), 20% corrected body weight (CW20) and 40% corrected body weight (CW40). All patients received total intravenous anesthesia. Rocuronium was administered at dose of 0.6 mg.kg-1 of Ideal weight for tracheal intubation, followed by infusion of 0.3-0.6 mg.kg-1.h-1. Train of four (TOF) was used to monitor depth of blockade. After spontaneous recovery TOF-count 2 at the end of surgery, 2 mg.kg-1 of sugammadex was administered. Primary outcome was neuromuscular blockade reversal time to TOF ≥ 0.9. Secondary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative residual curarization in post-anesthesia recovery room, searching the patient's ability to pass from the surgical bed to the transport, adequacy of oxygenation, respiratory pattern, ability to swallow saliva and clarity of vision. Results: Groups were homogenous in gender, age, total body weight, ideal body weight, body mass index, type and time of surgery. The reversal times (s) were (mean ± standard deviation) 225.2 ± 81.2, 173.9 ± 86.8 and 174.1 ± 74.9 respectively, in the IW, CW20 and CW40 groups (p = 0.087). Conclusions: No differences were observed between groups with neuromuscular blockade reversal time and frequency of postoperative residual curarization. We concluded that ideal body weight can be used to calculate sugammadex dose to reverse moderate neuromuscular blockade in morbidly obese patients.

Abstract Background: Intra-arterial injection of medications may cause acute and severe ischemia and result in morbidity and mortality. There is no information in the literature evaluating the arterial endothelial effects of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine. The hypothesis of our study is that sugammadex and dexmedetomidine will cause histological changes in arterial endothelial structure when administered intra-arterially. Methods: Rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group Control (n = 7); no intervention performed. Group Catheter (n = 7); a cannula inserted in the central artery of the ear, no medication was administered. Group Sugammadex (n = 7); rabbits were given 4 mg/kg sugammadex into the central artery of the ear, and Group Dexmedetomidine (n = 7); rabbits were given 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine into the central artery of the ear. After 72 h, the ears were amputated and histologically investigated. Results: There was no significant difference found between the control and catheter groups in histological scores. The endothelial damage, elastic membrane and elastic fiber damage, smooth muscle hypertrophy and connective tissue increase scores in the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups were significantly higher than both the control and the catheter groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference found between the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups in histological scores. Conclusion: Administration of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine to rabbits by intra-arterial routes caused histological arterial damage. To understand the histological changes caused by sugammadex and dexmedetomidine more clearly, more experimental research is needed.

Background and Objectives: The weight parameters for use of sugammadex in morbidly obese patients still need to be defined., Methods: A prospective clinical trial was conducted with sixty participants with body mass index≥40kg.m -2 during bariatric surgery, randomized into three groups: ideal weight (IW), 20% corrected body weight (CW20) and 40% corrected body weight (CW40). All patients received total intravenous anesthesia. Rocuronium was administered at dose of 0.6mg.kg -1 of Ideal weight for tracheal intubation, followed by infusion of 0.3-0.6mg.kg -1 .h -1 . Train of four (TOF) was used to monitor depth of blockade. After spontaneous recovery TOF-count 2 at the end of surgery, 2mg.kg -1 of sugammadex was administered. Primary outcome was neuromuscular blockade reversal time to TOF≥0.9. Secondary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative residual curarization in post-anesthesia recovery room, searching the patient's ability to pass from the surgical bed to the transport, adequacy of oxygenation, respiratory pattern, ability to swallow saliva and clarity of vision., Results: Groups were homogenous in gender, age, total body weight, ideal body weight, body mass index, type and time of surgery. The reversal times (s) were (mean±standard deviation) 225.2±81.2, 173.9±86.8 and 174.1±74.9 respectively, in the IW, CW20 and CW40 groups (p=0.087)., Conclusions: No differences were observed between groups with neuromuscular blockade reversal time and frequency of postoperative residual curarization. We concluded that ideal body weight can be used to calculate sugammadex dose to reverse moderate neuromuscular blockade in morbidly obese patients., (Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Reductions in diaphragm activity are associated with the postoperative development of atelectasis. Neostigmine reversal is also associated with increased atelectasis. We assessed the effects of neostigmine, sugammadex, and spontaneous reversal on regional lung ventilation and airway flow., Methods: Six Sprague-Dawley rats were paralysed with rocuronium and mechanically ventilated until recovery of the train-of-four ratio to 0.5. We administered neostigmine (0.06mg.kg -1 ), sugammadex (15mg.kg -1 ), or saline (n=2 per group). Computed tomography scans were obtained during the breathing cycle. Three-dimensional models of lung lobes were generated using functional respiratory imaging technology, and lobar volumes were calculated during the breathing cycle. The diaphragmatic surface was segmented for the end-expiratory and end-inspiratory scans. The total change in volume was reported by the lung volume change from the end-expiratory scan to the end-inspiratory scan. Chest wall movement was defined as the lung volume change minus the volume change that resulted from diaphragm excursion., Results: The two rats that received neostigmine exhibited a smaller relative contribution of diaphragm movement to the total change in lung volume compared with the two rats that received sugammadex or saline (chest wall contribution (%): 26.69 and 25.55 for neostigmine; -2.77 and 15.98 for sugammadex; 18.82 and 10.30 for saline)., Conclusion: This pilot study in rats demonstrated an increased relative contribution of chest wall expansion after neostigmine compared with sugammadex or saline. This smaller relative contribution of diaphragm movement may be explained by a neostigmine-induced decrease in phrenic nerve activity or by remaining occupied acetylcholine receptors after neostigmine., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objectives: The aim of our study is to compare the effects of sugammadex and neostigmine, used for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)., Methods: Our study was completed with 98 ASA I-II risk patients undergoing endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. At the end of the surgery patients were randomly allocated into two groups given 2mgkg -1 sugammadex (Group S) or 50μgkg -1 neostigmine plus 0.2mgkg -1 atropine (Group N). Monitoring and recording times were set as 1 hour postoperative and from 1-6, 6-12, and 12-24hours. The anti-emetic amounts administered were recorded., Results: In the first postoperative hour 13 patients in Group N (27%) and 4 in Group S (8%) were observed to have nausea and/or vomiting and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0016). During the 24hours of monitoring there was no significant difference in the incidence and severity of PONV (p>0.05), however the number of patients given ondansetron for PONV treatment in Group N was significantly higher than the number in Group S (16 in Group N, 6 in Group S, p<0.011)., Conclusions: At the end of our study comparing neostigmine with sugammadex for neuromuscular blockage antagonism, we found use of sugammadex had lower incidence of PONV in the postoperative 1st hour and less anti-emetic use in 24hours of monitoring., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Background: Intra-arterial injection of medications may cause acute and severe ischemia and result in morbidity and mortality. There is no information in the literature evaluating the arterial endothelial effects of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine. The hypothesis of our study is that sugammadex and dexmedetomidine will cause histological changes in arterial endothelial structure when administered intra-arterially., Methods: Rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group Control (n=7); no intervention performed. Group Catheter (n=7); a cannula inserted in the central artery of the ear, no medication was administered. Group Sugammadex (n=7); rabbits were given 4mg/kg sugammadex into the central artery of the ear, and Group Dexmedetomidine (n=7); rabbits were given 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine into the central artery of the ear. After 72h, the ears were amputated and histologically investigated., Results: There was no significant difference found between the control and catheter groups in histological scores. The endothelial damage, elastic membrane and elastic fiber damage, smooth muscle hypertrophy and connective tissue increase scores in the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups were significantly higher than both the control and the catheter groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference found between the dexmedetomidine and sugammadex groups in histological scores., Conclusion: Administration of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine to rabbits by intra-arterial routes caused histological arterial damage. To understand the histological changes caused by sugammadex and dexmedetomidine more clearly, more experimental research is needed., (Copyright © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

A case is reported in which a 3-days old neonate with a giant ovarian cyst was scheduled for surgery. The patient received a dose of sugammadex to reverse a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block. A fast and efficient recovery from neuromuscular block was achieved within 90s. No adverse events or other safety concerns were observed. Furthermore, a review of the literature on the use of sugammadex in neonates was performed., (Copyright © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Sugammadex is the first selective relaxant binding agent. When compared with neostigmine, following sugammadex administration patients wake earlier and have shorter recovery times. In this study, we hypothesized that fast and clear awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia has positive effects on cognitive functions in the early period after operation., Methods: Approved by the local ethical committee, 128 patients were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, controlled, double-blind study. Patients were allocated to either Sugammadex group (Group S) or the Neostigmine group (Group N). The primary outcome of the study was early postoperative cognitive recovery as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). After baseline assessment 12-24h before the operation. After the operation, when the Modified Aldrete Recovery Score was ≥9 the MMSE and 1h later the MoCA tests were repeated., Results: Although there was a reduction in MoCA and MMSE scores in both Group S and Group N between preoperative and postoperative scores, there was no statistically significant difference in the slopes (p>0.05). The time to reach TOF 0.9 was 2.19min in Group S and 6.47min in Group N (p<0.0001). Recovery time was 8.26min in Group S and 16.93min in Group N (p<0.0001)., Conclusion: We showed that the surgical procedure and/or accompanying anesthetic procedure may cause a temporary or permanent regression in cognitive function in the early postoperative period. However, better cognitive performance could not be proved in the Sugammadex compared to the Neostigmine., (Copyright © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The burn patient is a challenge for the anesthesiologist, undergoing several surgeries during admission, and requiring general anesthesia and muscle relaxation most of the times. They have respiratory system impairment and a response to muscle relaxants that differs from the healthy patient, thus proper monitoring and reversal is crucial. We analyzed sugammadex effectiveness and safety in this population., Material and Methods: Prospectively descriptive study including four patients, all of them considered major burn patients, who underwent escharotomy with general anesthesia and neuromuscular relaxation. The main variable was the time for recovery of a TOF higher than 0.9 after the administration of sugammadex before extubation., Results: Mean time of recovery from a TOF ratio higher than 0.9 following the administration of Sugammadex was of 4.95minutes 95% CI (3.25-6.64, p=.53);, Conclusions: The reversion of neuromuscular relaxation with sugammadex appears to be effective and safe in the burn patient. More analytical, comparative studies, of larger populations would be necessary to confirm this data., (Copyright © 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)