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462 results on '"Suez Environnement"'

1. New insights into the key microbial phylotypes of anaerobic sludge digesters under different operational conditions

Author

Delphine Conteau, Ariane Bize, Pablo Kroff, Sophie Courtois, Elie Desmond-Le Quéméner, Olivier Chapleur, Liping Hao, Théodore Bouchez, Laurent Mazéas, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), CIRSEE, and Suez Environnement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Rikenellaceae, Methanogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], microbiome, 010501 environmental sciences, methane-production pathway, solids concentration, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Comamonadaceae, Clostridia, Bioreactors, 010608 biotechnology, Anaerobiosis, Food science, Rhodobacteraceae, anaerobic sludge digester, Waste Management and Disposal, Methanosaetaceae, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, 2. Zero hunger, Sewage, biology, Ecology, Ecological Modeling, sequencing, biology.organism_classification, Archaea, Pollution, Methanogen, quantitative PCR, Methanomicrobiales, Methane
Abstract

Analyses on bacterial, archaeal communities at family level and methane-production metabolism were conducted in thirteen full-scale and pilot-scale anaerobic sludge digesters. These digesters were operated at different conditions regarding solids concentration, sludge retention time, organic loading rate and feedstock composition, seeking to optimize digester capacity. Correlations between process parameters and identified microbial phylotypes were evaluated based on relative abundance of these phylotypes determined by Quantitative PCR and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Results showed that, Total Solids concentration (TS), among the evaluated operational parameters, demonstrated the most positive correlation with chemical parameters (including NH3 and VFAs) and significant impact on the abundance of key microbial phylotypes regardless of other factors. Digesters were grouped into 'Higher-TS' with higher stress (TS > 44 g/L, NH3 > 90 mg/L, VFAs > 300 mg/L) and 'Lower-TS' under easier status (TS

Published
2016

2. Nanoparticle stability in lake water shaped by natural organic matter properties and presence of particulate matter

Author

Patrick Ollivier, Bernard Angeletti, Jonathan A. Brant, Hélène Miche, Auguste Bruchet, Jérôme Labille, Danielle L. Slomberg, Marc Philibert, International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT, Suez Environnement, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University [Durham], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02 ANR-11-LABX-0064, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental fate, Nanoparticle, Nanomaterial exposure, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Natural organic matter, Suspension (chemistry), Gel permeation chromatography, Colloid, Aggregation, Environmental Chemistry, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nanotechnology risk assessment, Chemistry, Sedimentation, Particulates, Pollution, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Colloidal dispersion, Composition (visual arts)
Abstract

International audience; Predicting nanoparticle (NP) fate in the environment continues to remain a challenge, especially for natural surface water systems, where NPs can hetero-aggregate with natural organic and mineral suspended matter. Here we present the interactions and aggregation behavior of TiO2 NPs with natural organic matter (NOM) in a natural lake water. NP fate in a synthetic water of the same pH and ionic composition was also tested in the presence and absence of NOM analogs to gain insight into the different stabilizing effects of each NOM type. Several complementary analytical techniques were utilized to assess lake NOM composition, including pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography, the polarity rapid-assessment method, and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. In the natural lake water, the TiO2 NPs preferentially interacted with mostly anionic NOM of high and medium molecular weight (~1200-1450 and 400-520 Da). Specifically, strong interactions with proteins and polyhydroxy aromatics were observed. NP fate and stability were determined in both raw lake water containing mineral particulate matter and total NOM (NOMtot) and filtered lake water containing only NOM

Published
2019

3. Déchets de papier/carton comme co-substrat pour stabiliser la digestion anaérobie des biodéchets alimentaires commerciaux

Author

CAPSON TOJO, Gabriel, Rouez, M., Cresti, M., Trably, Eric, Bernet, Nicolas, Steyer, Jean-Philippe, Delgenès, Jean-Philippe, Escudié, Renaud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Association Technique Energie Environnement (ATEE). FRA.

Subjects
économie de filière, treatment, méthanisation, valorisation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], impact environnemental, resource management, valorization, biogaz, procédé anaérobie, environmental impact, gestion des ressources, traitement
Abstract

Déchets de papier/carton comme co-substrat pour stabiliser la digestion anaérobie des biodéchets alimentaires commerciaux. Journées Recherche et Industrie biogaz méthanisation - JRI 2017

Published
2017

4. Ex- and in-situ experimentations in Sophia-Antipolis wastewater treatment plant : Bioessais to value process performances on the discharge toxicity and its impact on reciving environment

Author

Francois, A., Recoura Massaquant, R., Decamps, A., Delorme, N., Noury, P., Queau, H., Hombert, T., Maurice, A., Chaumot, A., Penru, Y., Jubeaux, G., Geffard, O., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), BIOMAE VILLEURBANNE FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), IRSTEA LYON UR MALY FRA, and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT CIRSEE LE PECQ FRA

Subjects
STATION D'EPURATION, TOXICITE, Impact sur le milieu recepteur, EXPÉRIMENTATIONS EX-SITU, GAMMARUS, toxicity, Gammarus fossarum, Encagement, TEST BIOLOGIQUE, TRAITEMENTS COMPLÉMENTAIRES DE STATION D'ÉPURATION, Bioessais, ENCAGEMENT, traitements complémentaires de station d'épuration, GAMMARUS FOSSARUM, BIOESSAIS, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Expérimentations ex-situ, IMPACT SUR LE MILIEU RECEPTEUR, bioassays, purification plant
Abstract

National audience; Les résultats des expérimentations ex-situ et in-situ sur le gammare réalisés à la station d'épuration de Sophia Antipolis rendent compte de la toxicité des rejets en sortie de traitements secondaire. Des effets toxiques gradués ont été mesurés le long de la ligne de traitement complémentaire, plus prononcés en amont qu'en aval des traitements, et un impact a été observé dans le milieu récepteur.

Published
2017

5. Stabilization of anaerobic digestion of food waste for methane production

Author

CAPSON TOJO, Gabriel, Rouez, Maxime, Crest, M., Steyer, Jean-Philippe, Delgenès, Jean-Philippe, Escudié, Renaud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Université Paris Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM). FRA.

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], valorisation des déchets organiques, bioénergie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, co-digestion, trace elements, environnement urbain, bioenergy, biomethane, DIET
Abstract

Stabilization of anaerobic digestion of food waste for methane production. 1. International ABWET Conference: Waste-to-bioenergy: Applications in Urban areas

Published
2017

6. Typologie des digestats de méthanisation à partir de paramètres usuels de valeur amendement/fertilisante

Author

Felipe Guilayn, Julie Jimenez, Rouez, M., Dominique Steyer, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Association Technique Energie Environnement (ATEE). FRA., Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE, and Suez Environnement

Subjects
économie de filière, treatment, méthanisation, valorisation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], impact environnemental, resource management, valorization, biogaz, procédé anaérobie, environmental impact, gestion des ressources, traitement
Abstract

Typologie des digestats de méthanisation à partir de paramètres usuels de valeur amendement/fertilisante. Journées Recherche et Industrie biogaz méthanisation - JRI 2017

Published
2017

7. Dry anaerobic digestion of food waste and cardboard at different substrate loads, solid contents and co-digestion proportions

Author

Gabriel Capson-Tojo, Eric Trably, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Marion Crest, Renaud Escudié, Jean-Philippe Delgenès, Maxime Rouez, Escudié, Renaud, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE, and Suez Environnement

Subjects
biomethane, biohydrogen, dark fermentation, high-solids, platform molecules, traitement des déchets, Acidogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Solid Waste, 01 natural sciences, production d'hydrogène, Bioreactors, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Anaerobiosis, Waste Management and Disposal, biology, Waste management, Chemistry, paperboard, digestion anaérobie sèche, General Medicine, Pulp and paper industry, 6. Clean water, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Digestion, Methane, waste treatment, Environmental Engineering, Methanogenesis, 020209 energy, Bioengineering, carton, amélioration du rendement, production of hydrogen, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, valorisation des déchets, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Substrate (chemistry), cardboard, Methanosarcina, biology.organism_classification, kitchen wastes, Food waste, Anaerobic digestion, Food, Fermentation, déchet alimentaire, Hydrogen
Abstract

The increasing food waste production calls for developing efficient technologies for its treatment. Anaerobic processes provide an effective waste valorization. The influence of the initial substrate load on the performance of batch dry anaerobic co-digestion reactors treating food waste and cardboard was investigated. The load was varied by modifying the substrate to inoculum ratio (S/X), the total solids content and the co-digestion proportions. The results showed that the S/X was a crucial parameter. Within the tested values (0.25, 1 and 4 gVS·gVS-1), only the reactors working at 0.25 produced methane. Methanosarcina was the main archaea, indicating its importance for efficient methanogenesis. Acidogenic fermentation was predominant at higher S/X, producing hydrogen and other metabolites. Higher substrate conversions (≤48%) and hydrogen yields (≤62 mL·gVS-1) were achieved at low loads. This study suggests that different value-added compounds can be produced in dry conditions, with the initial substrate load as easy-to-control operational parameter.

Published
2017

8. Élimination des micropolluants par les stations d’épuration domestiques

Author

Choubert, J.M., Pomies, M., Miège, C., Martin Ruel, S., Budzinski, H., Wisniewski, C., Coquery, M., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, STATION D'EPURATION, MICROPOLLUANTS, 010401 analytical chemistry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, PROCEDES DE TRAITEMENTS, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, MODELISATION, 6. Clean water, PROCESSUS, lcsh:TD1-1066, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, MICROPOLLUANT ORGANIQUE, BOUES ACTIVEES, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TRAITEMENT DE L'EAU, lcsh:Environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Les stations d'épuration domestiques n'ont pas été conçues pour traiter les micropolluants. Elles en éliminent cependant une quantité non négligeable, essentiellement par sorption sur les boues, associée à une dégradation par voie biologique pour certaines substances. Cet article synthétise les principaux acquis récents concernant le comportement des micropolluants dans les filières de traitement des eaux (primaires, secondaires, tertiaires) et dans les filières boues associées. Il présente également les recherches en cours sur l'amélioration des procédés de traitement et leurs perspectives. / Domestic wastewater treatment plants were not designed for micropollutants removal. They perform substantial removal of several micropollutants, mainly by sorption process onto biological sludge and by biodegradation from the liquid phase for some substances. This article presents the main recent advances on the fate of micropollutants through primary, secondary and tertiary treatment processes. It also addresses research in progress for the optimization of micropollutants removal.

Published
2012

9. Urban Wastewater Treatment by Catalytic Ozonation

Author

Michel Roustan, Joël Albet, Sylvie Baig, Jean Stéphane Pic, Claire Crousier, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Solutions de traitement, Département scientifique, Suez Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Ozone, 02 engineering and technology, Ingénierie de l'environnement, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Kinetic Modeling, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, Tertiary Treatment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Advanced oxidation process, Catalytic Ozonation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Organic Matter, Environmental chemistry, Advanced Oxidation Process, Wastewater Treatment, Water treatment, Sewage treatment, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; This study focuses on the catalytic ozonation of organic matter recalcitrant to usual water treatment technologies. Experiments aimed to investigate the efficiency of the process TOCCATA®, which uses a granular catalyst coupled with ozonation. Comparison was made between single ozonation, single adsorption onto the catalyst and catalytic ozonation. Adsorption was proven to contribute to decreased dissolved organic carbon. Catalytic ozonation enhanced organic matter removal and ozone transfer compared to single ozonation. Catalytic ozonation was modeled with global apparent first-order kinetics and single adsorption with pseudo–second-order sorption kinetics.

Published
2016

10. Source characterisation and loads of metals and pesticides in urban wet weather discharges

Author

Cécile Cren-Olivé, B. Barillon, Céline Becouze-Lareure, Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski, Abel Dembélé, Marina Coquery, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et d'Ingénierie Environnementale (LGCIE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement - CIRSEE (Le Pecq, France), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), TRACES - Technologie et Recherche en Analyse Chimique pour l'Environnement et la Santé, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The action was funded by the Rhone-Alpes Regional Council, Grand Lyon, FCE - Entreprises Competitiveness Funds, Suez-Environnement CIRSEE and ANRT., Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
FLUXES, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Geography, Planning and Development, Stormwater, FRANCE, POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Rainwater harvesting, priority substances, HEAVY-METALS, WASTE-WATER, CATCHMENT, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, stormwater quality, RUNOFF, health care economics and organizations, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Total suspended solids, Hydrology, Pollutant, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, atmospheric deposition, Chemical oxygen demand, Environmental engineering, 15. Life on land, uncertainties, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, monitoring campaigns, STORM EVENTS, Wastewater, 13. Climate action, PARIS, Erosion, Environmental science, population characteristics, Surface runoff, geographic locations, mass balance
Abstract

International audience; Contaminants in urban wet weather discharges originate from a number of sources such as materials from wet and dry atmospheric deposition, wastewaters, urban surface erosion, traffic-related activities, in-sewer deposits, etc. In the current study, four contributions (rainwater, dry atmospheric deposition, dry weather discharge and catchment surface + possible erosion of in-sewer deposits) to the total concentrations of priority substances have been assessed at the outlet of two urban catchments (one residential catchment with a combined system and one industrial area with a separate stormwater system) for 12 storm events (six for each catchment). Mass balances were calculated for seven metals and four pesticides, as well as for total suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand. The respective contributions of dry and wet atmospheric deposition, wastewater and catchment surface differ for each pollutant type, corresponding to different land use, activities, environments and sewer systems. For most of the pollutants, the catchment surface appears to be the main contribution, with significant storm event variability, excepted for atrazine in one catchment.

Published
2016

11. Successive bioanode regenerations to maintain efficient current production from biowaste

Author

Arnaud Bridier, E. Desmond-Le Quemener, Chrystelle Bureau, Théodore Bouchez, Pierre Champigneux, J.-M. Audic, Alain Bergel, Elise Blanchet, Laure Renvoise, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut national de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture - IRSTEA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - LGC (Toulouse, France), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, LGC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), and Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE)

Subjects
Microbial fuel cell, Bioelectric Energy Sources, Biophysics, Microbiology, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Bioenergy, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Electrochemistry, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Génie des procédés, Electrodes, Waste Products, biology, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Electroactive, Bioanode, Biofilm, Electric Conductivity, General Medicine, Biowaste, biology.organism_classification, Pulp and paper industry, 6. Clean water, Anode, Amplicon sequencing, Degradation (geology), Geobacter, Faraday efficiency
Abstract

International audience; The long-term operation of efficient bioanodes supplied with waste-derived organics is a key challenge for using bioelectrochemical systems as a waste valorization technology. Here, we describe a simple procedure that allowed maintaining highly efficient bioanodes supplied with biowaste. Current densities up to 14.8 A/m2 were obtained with more than 40% of the electrons introduced as biowaste being recovered in the electrical circuit. Three fed-batch reactors were started at different biowaste loading rates. A decline of coulombic efficiencies between 22 and 31% was recorded depending on the reactor over the first 3 weeks of operation. A renewal procedure of the anode was thereafter implemented, which led to a recovery of initial performances. The second and the third renewal, allowed maintaining stable high level performances with coulombic efficiency of approximately 40% over at least 3 weeks. Electroactive biofilm dynamics were monitored using 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing. Retrieved sequences were dominated by Geobacter sulfurreducens-related reads (37% of total sequences), which proportion however varied along the experiment. Interestingly, sequences affiliated to various Bacteroidetes groups were also abundant, suggesting an adaptation of the anodic biofilm to the degradation of biowaste through metabolic interactions between microbial community members.

Published
2015

12. Results from a French Inter‐laboratory Campaign on the Biological Methane Potential of Solid Substrates

Author

Cresson, Romain, Pommier, Sébastien, Beline, Fabrice, Bouchez, Théodore, Bougrier, Claire, Buffière, Pierre, Pauss, André, Pouech, Philippe, Preys, S., Ribeiro, Thierry, Rouez, Maxime, Torrijos, Michel, INRA Transfert Environnement, INRA Transfert, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Veolia Recherche et Innovation, Veolia France, Déchets Eaux Environnement Pollutions (DEEP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Transformation Intégrée de la Matière Renouvelable (TIMR), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), APESA, Département R&D Ondalys, Ondalys, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CRITT GENIE DES PROCEDES ET TECHNOLOGIES ENVIRONNEMENTALES TOULOUSE FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Gestion environnementale et traitement biologique des déchets (UR GERE), Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Veolia Environnement (FRANCE), APESA PAU FRA, SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT LE PECQ FRA, INRA Transfert Environnement [Narbonne], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Veolia Recherche & Innovation (VeRI)

Subjects
[CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, BMP, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, POTENTIEL METHANOGENE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, SUBSTRAT SOLIDE
Abstract

International audience; A French inter-laboratory campaign on BMP assessment was realised in two phases: free protocol at first, then harmonized protocol. Results show good intra-laboratory repeatability and reproducibility, but in spite of an attempt in the harmonization of practices, the inter-laboratoryreproducibility could not be improved and ranges in the magnitude of 20% RSD.

Published
2015

13. Natural attenuation of priority and emerging contaminants during river bank filtration and artificial recharge

Author

Auguste Bruchet, Marie-Laure Janex-Habibi, M. Esperanza, Karine Lemenach, Marina Coquery, Samuel Robert, Hélène Budzinski, Cecile Miege, CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire de Physico -& Toxico Chimie des systèmes naturels (LPTC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE)

Subjects
ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE, SUBSTANCE PRIORITAIRE, 0207 environmental engineering, NAPPE PHREATIQUE, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, EMERGING SUBSTANCES, Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, SUBSTANCE EMERGENTE, NONYLPHENOLS, law, DRUGS, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, 020701 environmental engineering, Filtration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Pollutant, PRIORITY SUBSTANCES, DRINKING WATER, Environmental engineering, MEDICAMENT, Groundwater recharge, RIVERBANK FILTRATION, 6. Clean water, Water Framework Directive, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, FILTRATION, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Water treatment, Bank
Abstract

The fate of various emerging contaminants as well as priority pollutants from the European Union Water Framework directive was examined along a complex combination of natural and engineered processes used to produce drinking water downstream of a major metropolitan area. The sampling points examined comprised Seine river water downstream of the Paris area, water from a primary well after bank filtration, water from a secondary well influenced by an artificial recharge process and water from the mixture of secondary wells after drinking water treatment. More than 80 organic contaminants including drugs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, oestrogenic hormones, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, chlorophenols, nonylphenols, were monitored during five campaigns. River bank filtration and to a lesser extent artificial recharge clearly decreased the variety of contaminants, in particular a variety of drugs detected in the river. On the other hand riverbank filtration was found to increase nonylphenols by anaerobic degradation of nonylphenolpolyethoxylate precursors. Traces of aspirin, nonylphenols and stimulants were occasionally detected in the finished drinking water above 0.1 μg/L.

Published
2011

14. Near‐field atmospheric inversions for the localization and quantification of controlled methane releases using stationary and mobile measurements

Author

Pramod Kumar, Grégoire Broquet, Christopher Caldow, Olivier Laurent, Susan Gichuki, Ford Cropley, Camille Yver‐Kwok, Bonaventure Fontanier, Thomas Lauvaux, Michel Ramonet, Adil Shah, Guillaume Berthe, Frédéric Martin, Olivier Duclaux, Catherine Juery, Caroline Bouchet, Joseph Pitt, Philippe Ciais, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation INVerse pour les mesures atmosphériques et SATellitaires (SATINV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), TotalEnergies, SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), and ANR-17-CHIN-0004,TRACE,Surveillance des émissions de carbone(2017)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, stationary and mobile measurements, Atmospheric Science, source term estimation, controlled CH4 release experiments, facility-scale methane emission, atmospheric inversion, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; This study evaluates two local-scale atmospheric inversion approaches for the monitoring of methane (CH 4) emissions from industrial sites based on in situ atmospheric CH 4 mole fraction measurements from stationary or mobile sensors. We participated in a two-week campaign of CH 4 controlled-release experiments at TotalEnergies Anomaly Detection Initiatives (TADI) in Lacq, France in October 2019. We analyzed releases from various points within a 40 m × 50 m area with constant rates of 0.16 to 30 g CH 4 s −1 over 25 to 75 mins, using fixed-point and mobile measurements, and testing different inversion configurations with a Gaussian dispersion model. An inlet switching system, combining a limited number (6-7) of high-precision gas analyzers with a higher number (16) of sampling lines, ensured that a sufficient number of fixed measurement points sampled the plume downwind of the sources and the background mole fractions for any wind direction. The inversions using these fixed-point measurements provide release rate estimates with approximately 23%-30% average errors and estimates of the location of the releases with approximately 8-10 m average errors. The inversions using the mobile measurements provide estimates with approximately 20%-30% average errors for the release rates and approximately 30 m average errors for the release locations. The precision of the release rate estimates from both inversion frameworks corresponds to the best estimation This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Published
2022

15. Reconstruction of high-frequency methane atmospheric concentration peaks from measurements using metal oxide low-cost sensors

Author

Rodrigo Andres Rivera Martinez, Diego Santaren, Olivier Laurent, Gregoire Broquet, Ford Cropley, Cécile Mallet, Michel Ramonet, Adil Shah, Leonard Rivier, Caroline Bouchet, Catherine Juery, Olivier Duclaux, Philippe Ciais, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation INVerse pour les mesures atmosphériques et SATellitaires (SATINV), SPACE - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and TotalEnergies

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

Detecting and quantifying CH4 gas emissions at industrial facilities is an important goal for being able to reduce these emissions. The nature of CH4 emissions through “leaks” is episodic and spatially variable, making their monitoring a complex task; this is partly being addressed by atmospheric surveys with various types of instruments. Continuous records are preferable to snapshot surveys for monitoring a site, and one solution would be to deploy a permanent network of sensors. Deploying such a network with research-level instruments is expensive, so low-cost and low-power sensors could be a good alternative. However, low cost usually entails lower accuracy and the existence of sensor drifts and cross-sensitivity to other gases and environmental parameters. Here we present four tests conducted with two types of Figaro® Taguchi gas sensors (TGSs) in a laboratory experiment. The sensors were exposed to ambient air and peaks of CH4 concentrations. We assembled four chambers, each containing one TGS sensor of each type. The first test consisted in comparing parametric and non-parametric models to reconstruct the CH4 peak signal from observations of the voltage variations of TGS sensors. The obtained relative accuracy is better than 10 % to reconstruct the maximum amplitude of peaks (RMSE ≤2 ppm). Polynomial regression and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models gave the highest performances for one type of sensor (TGS 2611C, RMSE =0.9 ppm) and for the combination of two sensors (TGS 2611C + TGS 2611E, RMSE =0.8 ppm), with a training set size of 70 % of the total observations. In the second test, we compared the performance of the same models with a reduced training set. To reduce the size of the training set, we employed a stratification of the data into clusters of peaks that allowed us to keep the same model performances with only 25 % of the data to train the models. The third test consisted of detecting the effects of age in the sensors after 6 months of continuous measurements. We observed performance degradation through our models of between 0.6 and 0.8 ppm. In the final test, we assessed the capability of a model to be transferred between chambers in the same type of sensor and found that it is only possible to transfer models if the target range of variation of CH4 is similar to the one on which the model was trained.

Published
2023

16. Nitrate and nitrite injection during municipal solid waste anaerobic biodegradation

Author

Nicolas Bernet, Vassilia Vigneron, Laurent Mazéas, Théodore Bouchez, Marie Ponthieu, Christian Duquennoi, Giulia Barina, Jean-Marc Audic, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT FAIRTEC GARGENVILLE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Acidogenesis, Time Factors, Municipal solid waste, Denitrification, Nitrogen, Inorganic chemistry, ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bioreactors, Nitrate, Ammonium, Anaerobiosis, Leachate, LEACHATE, Nitrite, Waste Management and Disposal, Nitrites, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, Nitrates, 030306 microbiology, MICROORGANISM, DENITRIFICATION, Biodegradation, 6. Clean water, Refuse Disposal, FULL-SCALE LANDFILL, Biodegradation, Environmental, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, NITROGEN MANAGEMENT, France, Gases, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract

Nitrified leachate recirculation has been proposed as a promising strategy for sustainable landfill management. In four test reactors, nitrate or nitrite was added (250 mg N-NO(x)(-)L(-1)) during municipal solid waste biodegradation. Nitrogen-oxides reduction reactions were monitored. Denitrification was the main nitrogen reducing reaction observed. On one hand, during the acidogenic waste degradation phase, as high amounts of volatile fatty acids (VFA) were present, nitrogen-oxides reductions were interpreted as heterotrophic denitrifications. On the other hand, denitrification reactions occurring during the late methanogenic phase were accompanied by sulphate productions and, as VFA were not detected, it was probably an autotrophic reaction. Denitrification inhibition was observed once. Ammonium concentration increased suggesting the occurrence of a dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Statistical treatment of analytical data revealed that only H(2)S concentration had a significant negative effect on N(2) production in our system. NO production was observed once when nitrite was injected during the acidogenic phase resulting in a total waste degradation inhibition. These results indicate that the consequences of nitrified leachate recirculation in full-scale landfills need to be carefully examined especially during the acidogenic phase or in the presence of waste containing high quantities of sulphur.

Published
2007

17. Evidence of regional differences in chlorine perception by consumers: sensitivity differences or habituation?

Author

Sabine Puget, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, P. Piriou, F. Zraick, R. Devesa, Suez Environnement, Aguas de Barcelona, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Suez Environnement, with a contribution of INRA and ANRT (CIFRE n_ 372/2006)., Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, chemistry.chemical_element, Sensory analysis, Tap water, tastes, Perception, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Chlorine, polycyclic compounds, Food science, Habituation, distribution-system, Flavor, Water Science and Technology, media_common, Chemistry, drinking water, tap water, [ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, consumer perception, Bottled water, odors, quality, chlorine, intensity, Regional differences
Abstract

Chlorinous flavors are a leading cause of customers9 dissatisfaction with drinking water. Potential differences in chlorine perception were investigated by conducting sensory testing experiments in France and Spain to assess consumers9 sensory sensitivity (chlorine flavor detection threshold and supra-threshold intensity) as well as their liking of and acceptability for chlorinated solutions. In both countries, two groups of panelists were constituted based on their water drinking habits (tap vs. bottled water). Chlorine flavor detection threshold was found to vary depending on countries (0.17 mg/L Cl 2 in France and 0.56 mg/L Cl 2 in Spain). Taking into account that mean flavor detection thresholds were found in agreement with chlorine residuals delivered at tap, it is likely that habituation may explain sensitivity differences between countries. This hypothesis is supported by results showing no significant sensitivity difference at detection threshold levels, but significant differences between tap water and bottled water consumers at supra-threshold levels (flavor intensity). In addition, consumers9 liking and acceptability for chlorinated water was found to be in agreement with sensitivity: the higher the sensitivity the lower the acceptability for chlorinated waters. Thus, French consumers or bottled water drinkers showed a lower appreciation of chlorinated water solutions and were especially less inclined to accept chlorinated water as drinking water delivered at tap.

Published
2015

18. Combination of bioanode and biocathode for the conversion of wastes into biocommodities using microbial electrosynthesis

Author

Bridier, Arnaud, Desmond-Le Quemener, E., Rouillac, L., Madigou, C., Blanchet, E., Erable, B., Bergel, Alain, Carmona, A., Trably, Eric, Bernet, N., Aissani, Lynda, Giard, L., Renvoise, L., Bize, A., Mazeas, L., Bouchez, T., Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), LGC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Gestion environnementale et traitement biologique des déchets (UR GERE), Suez Environnement, EcoSD network, ProdInra, Migration, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH). ESP., ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, SUEZ, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT PARIS FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, procédé bioélectrochimique, pile à combustible microbienne, traitement des effluents
Abstract

International audience; Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) as microbial fuel cells take advantages of microorganisms to convert the chemical energy of organic waste into electricity. Recently, the discovery that BES can also be used for the synthesis of biocommoditiesvia microbial electrosynthesis (MES) has greatly expanded the horizons for their applications. Indeed, some microbes are able to use electrons and molecules such as CO2 to synthesize reduced products: volatile fatty acids, alcohols etc... By combining both these processes, it should thus theoretically be possible to use the electrons of organic waste to synthesize bio-based chemicals in a clean and controlled compartment. However, these technologies are only few years old and required scientific data before they can be practically applied. In this context, we developed a dual-chamber reactor with both biotic anode (carbon cloth) and cathode (stainless steel) separated by a cation-exchange membrane. Bioanode was inoculated using an anodic biofilm sample formed in biological wastes and biocathode by injecting a suspension of a homoacetogen-enriched culture. Acetate (600mg/l) was used as electron donor in the anodic compartment. Chronoamperometry experiments were carried out with a multi-channel potentiostat in order to monitor electroactivity of the microbial communities. Anode potential was poised at +0.158 volts versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for startup. Chemical analyses (volatile fatty acids (VFAs), cations/anions, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon) were performed to evaluate the metabolic pathways. Microbial community diversity was investigated by 16S rDNA pyrosequencing (MiSeq sequencer, Illumina®). After the total consumption of acetate at anode (run 1), a second run (run 2) was launched by re-injecting 600 mg/L of acetate in anodic compartment and also 2-bromo-ethane sulfonate (2-BES) at the cathode to inhibit methanogenesis. Current density of 5 A/m² was reached after 24h of experiment. During run 1 and 2 78% and 89% of electrons from acetate were respectively transferred in the system revealing satisfying coulombic efficiency at the bioanode. During run 1, incoming electrons at biocathode were mainly used to produce methane (53% of total incoming electrons) and only traces of VFAs were detected. However, at the end of the second run, VFAs accumulated with a production rate of acetate reaching 11 g.m².d-1 and corresponding to 29% of the electrons coming from the anode. Using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, caprylate (C8H16O2) was also detected in reactors showing the ability of the MES system to produce molecules with an elongated carbon chain. Microbial diversity profiles showed a switch of archaeal and bacterial populations in cathodic compartment between run 1 and run 2 suggesting that VFAs production resulted from microbial adaptation to the addition of BES in the cathodic compartment. Overall this work constitutes a first step toward the utilization of MES systems for the conversion of organic wastes into biofuels and chemicals using coupled bioanode and biocathodes

Published
2014

19. Clogging of microporous channels networks: role of connectivity and tortuosity

Author

Patrice Bacchin, K. Glucina, Damien Veyret, Quentin Derekx, Philippe Moulin, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Polytech Marseille (AMU POLYTECH), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Suez Environnement, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Aix-Marseille Université - AMU (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Polytech'Marseille (FRANCE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Plugging, Materials science, Computer simulation, Microfluidics, Video microscopy, Nanotechnology, Mechanics, Numerical simulation, Fouling, Condensed Matter Physics, Tortuosity, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Clogging, Microchannels, law, Materials Chemistry, Particle, Génie chimique, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Porous medium, Génie des procédés, Filtration
Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the pore blocking by the use of microfluidic devices (micro-separators) and numerical simulation approaches. The micro-separators are made in PDMS and are constituted of an array of microchannels 20 micrometers wide with three types of structure: straight microchannels, connected microchannels (or aligned square pillars) and staggered square pillars in order to mimic merely the complexity of the flow encountered in filters or membranes (tortuosity, connectivity between pores). Direct observation with video microscopy of filtrations of 5 micrometers latex particles has been performed to examine the capture of particles. The results show a piling up of particles within the porous media leading to a clogging. The capture efficiency remains low (less than 0.1%). In the case of filtration in the forest of pillars, the capture is faster and arises mainly between the pillars. The increase in tortuosity in the micro-separator leads then to a rise of the clogging. It must be caused by the increase in critical trajectories leading to the capture of particles on the PDMS walls. At the same time, numerical simulations of filtration in parallel with microchannels have been performed in the same flow conditions with GeoDict software. The different kind of experimental deposit structure can be simulated but there is still inaccuracy in the description of the accumulation kinetics. These discrepancies are probably due to the lack of accuracy to depict particle/particle colloidal interactions in simulations and the fact that re-suspension of particles after capture is not well described.

Published
2014

20. Removal of Micropollutants from Secondary Effluents and Sludge by Various Processes in Rural and Peri-urban Areas

Author

Choubert, J.M., Tahar, A., Budzinski, H., Miège, C., Esperanza, M., Dherret, L., Crétollier, C., Bados, P., Le Menach, K., Noyon, N., Coquery, M., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE)

Subjects
SUBSTANCE EMERGENTE, SUBSTANCE PRIORITAIRE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, RURAL AREAS, MICROPOLLUANT ORGANIQUE, EMERGING AND PRIORITY MICROPOLLUTANTS, ENERGY-FREE PROCESS, ZONE RURALE, ZONE PERIURBAINE, TRAITEMENT DE L'EAU
Abstract

International audience; The present work details the results of a comprehensive study dealing with the fate of several families of micropollutants (with various physicochemical properties) through tertiary treatment processes of water and through sludge treatments. Powerful and sensitive analytical techniques were used: 16 metals and 39 organics (pharmaceuticals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylphenols, pesticides) were analysed in wastewaters; 14 metals and 62 organic hydrophobic micropollutants were measured in sludge (estrogenic hormones, polychlorinated byphenyl, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylphenols and other organics). We studied treatment processes adapted for rural areas involving low energy-consumption: trench system, polishing pond, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands with various adsorbing materials (i.e. expanded clay, zeolite, activated carbon, apatite, gravels) running at tertiary stage of water treatment; and sludge drying reed-bed operated at two different resting periods. Our results show that the trench system was not efficient for additional removal of refractory micropollutants. The polishing pond had higher removal efficiencies (between 30 and 70%) for some pharmaceuticals due to indirect photodegradation. The horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) built with activated carbon showed almost full-removal during more than 330 days for pharmaceuticals, pesticides, several metals and nonylphenoxyacetic acid. For the HSSF-CWs built with expanded clay or zeolite, we obtained removal efficiencies of 70% for half of studied pharmaceuticals and alkylphenols mono- and di-ethoxylates. The removal efficiencies of other substances were much lower than the ones measured with activated carbon, but they were still higher than the ones measured with gravel (filter designed for denitrification) or apatite (designed for phosphorus removal). Due to better oxygen conditions, the sludge drying reed-bed with low frequency of sludge input resulted in better removal for organic micropollutants than the sludge drying reed-bed with high frequency of sludge input.

Published
2014

21. Amélioration de l’élimination des micropolluants des eaux usées grâce aux procédés tertiaires intensifs et extensifs

Author

Besnault, S., Martin Ruel, S., Baig, S., Esperanza, M., Budzinski, H., Miege, C., Boucher, C., Le Menach, K., Coquery, M., CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, aucun, Degrémont SAS, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT DEGREMONT FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Irstea Publications, Migration, and Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, LAGUNAGE DE FINITION, FILTRE GARNI DE MATERIAU ADSORBANT, MICROPOLLUTANTS REMOVAL, OZONE, GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON, COST, ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, MICROPOLLUANT ORGANIQUE, CHARBON ACTIF, PROCEDES D’OXYDATION AVANCEE, IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT
Abstract

International audience; Two pilots for tertiary treatment, an advanced oxidation processes (AOP - O3/UV/H2O2) pilot and a granular activated carbon pilot, were tested in three different wastewater treatment plants after a secondary treatment. A total of 64 micropollutants including drugs, pesticides, alkylphenols, PAHs and metals were analysed in the samples at the inlet and the outlet of the pilots. The tertiary treatments studied (ozone, AOP and activated carbon) were efficient for the removal of most of the compounds analysed in this study, except metals. The addition of hydrogen peroxide to ozone increased the number of substances well removed but it did not improve the removal of substances that readily react with ozone (such as betablockers or carbamazepine). The other AOP (ozone/H2O2 and UV/H2O2) did not improve the number of substances well removed in comparison with ozone alone. The granular activated carbon was still efficient (R>70%) after 6 months working 24/7 for most of the drugs and the urea and triazine pesticides. The 5 technologies studied were sized at full scale in order to calculate their cost for two sizes of WWTP. The implementation of a tertiary treatment on a 60 000 to 200 000 PE WWTP would increase the wastewater treatment cost by 1,5 to 17,6 euros cents per cubic meter treated according to the technology and the removal objective. Concerning the environmental impact, for the big WWTP, the activated carbon is more impacting than the other processes for most of the impacts calculated. The order of POA by increasing environmental impact is ozone < ozone/H2O2 < ozone/UV ~ UV/H2O2. For the medium size WWTP however, the activated carbon is comparable to the other solutions regarding environmental impact.

Published
2014

22. Préconisation d'utilisation des sols et qualité des sols en zone urbaine et péri-urbaine- application du bassin minier de Provence - 1

Author

Keller, C., Robert, Samuel, Lambert, M.L., Ajmone-Marsan, F., Ambrosi, J. P., Biasioli, M., Criquet, Stéven, Rabot, E., Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT, Suez Environnement, Univ Turin, DiVaPRA, Grugliasco, Italy, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-11-LABX-0010/11-LABX-0010,LabEx DRIIHM,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Unité de Science du Sol (Orléans) (URSols)

Subjects
OHM Bassin Minier de Provence, Qualité des sols, Sol, Pédologie, LabEx DRIIHM, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2014

23. Comparaison en laboratoire de 5 échantillonneurs intégratifs pour l'échantillonnage de polychlorobiphenyls indicateurs et dioxin-like dans les eaux

Author

Jacquet, R., Miège, C., Smedes, F., Tixier, C., Tronczynski, J., Togola, Anne, Berho, Catherine, Valor, I., Llorca, J., Barillon, B., Marchand, P., Coquery, M., Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), aucun, Deltares, RBE-BE-LBCO, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), LABAQUA, CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE)

Subjects
PCB, ECHANTILLONNAGE, fungi, SURVEILLANCE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, technology, industry, and agriculture, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, CAPTEUR PASSIF, complex mixtures, MODELISATION
Abstract

International audience; This study aimed at evaluating and comparing five integrative samplers for the monitoring of indicator and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water: semi-permeable membrane device (SPMD), silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) strip, Chemcatcher and a continuous-flow integrative sampler (CFIS). These samplers were spiked with performance reference compounds (PRCs) and then simultaneously exposed under constant agitation and temperature in a 200 L stainless steel tank for periods ranging from one day to three months. A constant PCB concentration of about 1 ngL1 was achieved by immersing a large amount of silicone rubber sheets ("dosing sheets") spiked with the target PCBs. The uptake of PCBs in the five samplers showed overall good repeatability and their accumulation was linear with time. The samplers SPMD, silicone rubber and LDPE strip were the most promising in terms of achieving low limits of quantification. Time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of PCBs in water were estimated from uptake of PCBs using the sampling rates calculated from the release of PRCs. Except for Chemcatcher, a good agreement was found between the different samplers and TWA concentrations ranged between 0.4 and 2.8 times the nominal water concentration. Finally, the influence of calculation methods (sampler-water partition coefficients, selected PRCs, models) on final TWA concentrations was studied.

Published
2014

24. Préconisation d'utilisation des sols et qualité des sols en zone urbaine et péri-urbaine application du bassin minier de Provence - 2

Author

Keller, C., Robert, Samuel, Lambert, M.L., Ajmone-Marsan, F., Ambrosi, J. P., Biasioli, M., Criquet, Stéven, Rabot, E., Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CIRSEE SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT, Suez Environnement, Univ Turin, DiVaPRA, Grugliasco, Italy, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-11-LABX-0010/11-LABX-0010,LabEx DRIIHM,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Unité de Science du Sol (Orléans) (URSols)

Subjects
OHM Bassin Minier de Provence, Sol, Quaité des sols, Pédologie, LabEx DRIIHM, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2014

25. Characterisation of gas–liquid two-phase flow inside capillaries

Author

S. Laborie, J.M. Lainé, C. Cabassud, L. Durand-Bourlier, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Suez Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Chromatography, Capillary action, Chemistry, Applied Mathematics, General Chemical Engineering, Flow (psychology), Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Slug flow, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, 020401 chemical engineering, Gas slug, Particle, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Two-phase flow, 0204 chemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sparging
Abstract

Continuous gas sparging inside ultrafiltration hollow fibres (with the feed) has been shown to be effective in enhancing permeate flux by reducing particle deposit on the membrane wall. The present study focuses on the hydrodynamic characterisation of gas–liquid two-phase flow inside glass capillaries in order to understand the mechanisms involved in the process improvement. In capillaries of inner diameter less than 4×10 -3 m, experiments showed that the flow consisted of a slug flow: a succession of gas and liquid slugs rising up the pipe. As very few data are available concerning this type of flow, it was visualised inside the glass capillaries so that its characteristics could be observed. Gas slug velocity, which is different from the mean velocity of the flow, was calculated and a linear relationship found between the two velocities. Gas and liquid slug lengths and frequency were determined and plotted versus operating parameters such as gas and liquid superficial velocities, capillary inner diameters and fluid properties.

Published
1999

26. Modelling of ultrafiltration fouling by neural network

Author

L. Durand-Bourlier, C. Cabassud, Michel Cabassud, J.M. Lainé, N. Delgrange, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Procédes de l'Energie et de l'Environnement (LIP2E), Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]-Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées d'Agadir, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), and Suez Environnement

Subjects
Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, Modelling, Membrane technology, law.invention, 020401 chemical engineering, law, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Materials Science, 0204 chemical engineering, Turbidity, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Filtration, Water Science and Technology, Fouling, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Membrane fouling, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neural network, 6. Clean water, Drinking water production, Water treatment, Water quality, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; Optimisation of ultrafiltration pilot plants requires a better knowledge of membrane fouling. In the field of drinking water production, phenomena involved in fouling are very complex and interdependent because of the numerous compounds contained in raw waters. As no knowledge model is available for this application, a statistical modelling tool called neural network is used in this paper to predict the total hydraulic resistance at the end of a filtration cycle and after next backwash, using some parameters concerning water quality (turbidity and temperature) and operating conditions, for a given experimental site. Different network structures have been evaluated, using information concerning the current filtration cycle and the previous cycle. Some of them allow a prediction of resistance with a very good accuracy. They take into account as network inlets the permeate flow rate, pressure and water turbidity, and are able to model the effects of reversible fouling on resistance.

Published
1998

27. Fouling control by air sparging inside hollow fibre membranes—effects on energy consumption

Author

L. Durand-Bourlier, C. Cabassud, J.M. Lainé, S. Laborie, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Suez Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering, Ultrafiltration, Flux, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Membrane technology, 020401 chemical engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Materials Science, 0204 chemical engineering, Composite material, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Fouling, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Membrane, 0210 nano-technology, Air sparging, Secondary air injection, Particle deposition
Abstract

Ultrafiltration by hollow fibres has shown to be an efficient process for drinking water production. A new process, based on air sparging inside hollow fibres throughout the filtering period is proposed. The generated gas/liquid two-phase flow inside fibres showed a high efficiency to enhance the stabilised permeate flux, by preventing particle deposition. In some operating conditions, the stabilised permeate flux was more than doubled thanks to the two-phase flow. This paper points out the effects of this process on the membrane productivity and more particularly on energy consumption. Moreover to understand phenomena involved in this flux enhancement, a link is demonstrated between hydrodynamic parameters, such as wall shear stresses, and the stabilised permeate flux.

Published
1998

28. High‐Resolution Lagrangian Inverse Modeling of CO 2 Emissions Over the Paris Region During the First 2020 Lockdown Period

Author

K. Nalini, T. Lauvaux, C. Abdallah, J. Lian, P. Ciais, H. Utard, O. Laurent, M. Ramonet, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oklahoma (OU), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), ICOS-RAMCES (ICOS-RAMCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), K. Nalini, P. Ciais, C. Abdallah, and T. Lauvaux were supported by the French program Make Our Planet Great Again (project CIUDAD, CNRS). We acknowledge the French monitoring network for greenhouse gases (SNO-IFA) coordinated by LSCE-OVSQ (M. Ramonet and O. Laurent) for providing the data for the study. K. Nalini performed the inversions using the inversion system developed by T. Lauvaux. J. Lian performed the WRF-Chem model outputs for the LPDM simulations and inversion, C. Abdallah provided the LPDM trajectory outputs, and H. Utard developed and prepared the Origins.Earth emission product. P. Ciais provided comments and discussed the results of the study.

Subjects
H. Utard, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, P. Ciais, M. Ramonet, T. Lauvaux Data curation: O. Laurent, M. Ramonet Software: T. Lauvaux, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, M. Ramonet Formal analysis: K. Nalini Funding acquisition: T. Lauvaux Investigation: K. Nalini Methodology: K. Nalini, T. Lauvaux Resources: T. Lauvaux, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), J. Lian, J. Lian Supervision: T. Lauvaux Validation: K. Nalini Writing -original draft: K. Nalini Writing -review & editing: K. Nalini, T. Lauvaux, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, O. Laurent, Conceptualization: K. Nalini, C. Abdallah
Abstract

International audience; • Quantification and mapping of fossil fuel CO 2 emissions over the Paris metropolitan area during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown • Lockdown has resulted in an emission decrease of about 43% in 2020, with a 37% contribution from the inventory itself • Spatial error correlations, different background conditions and prior uncertainty impact the posterior emission estimates

Published
2022

29. Calibration of integrative passive samplers for groundwater monitoring in an experimental system representative of groundwater hydraulic conditions

Author

Berho, Catherine, Garriou, Christian, Robert, Samuel, Togola, Anne, Ghestem, Jean Philippe, Bruchet, Auguste, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), ANR, BRGM, Suez environnement, ICOA, and Polyintell

Subjects
isotopy, passive sampler, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, metals, pesticides, calibration, POCIS
Published
2013

30. Presentation of ORIGAMI project : Innovative tools for groundwater monitoring : passive sampling combined with isotope characterization

Author

Berho, Catherine, Millot, Romain, Claude, Bérengère, Morin, Philippe, Bayoudh, Sami, Robert, Samuel, Bruchet, Auguste, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), ANR, BRGM, Suez environnement, ICOA, Polyintell, and Togola, Anne

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, passive sampler, field experiment, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, pesticides, POCIS
Published
2013

31. Évaluation de la performance d'un géosynthétique bentonitique en couverture d'installation de stockage de déchets

Author

Nathalie TOUZE, Bloquet, C., Barral, C., Oberti, O., Chappe, J., Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), aucun, SITA, CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE)

Subjects
ISD, CONDUCTIVITE HYDRAULIQUE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, DURABILITE, GEOSYNTHETIQUE BENTONITIQUE, PERFORMANCE, COUVERTURE DE DECHARGE
Abstract

International audience; On présente les résultats obtenus sur deux échantillons d’un géosynthétique bentonitique (GSB) prélevés sur une couverture d’installation de stockage de déchets. Les analyses réalisées montrent que la bentonite initialement sodique a été au bout de 10 ans transformée en bentonite calcique. Cet échange cationique a été favorisé par la nature calcique du sol environnant. L’épaisseur de confinement voisine de 0,5 m n’a pas permis d’éviter le phénomène de dessiccation du GSB, ni la pénétration des racines jusqu’au GSB. Les résultats hydrauliques montrent une augmentation significative de la conductivité hydraulique du GSB, qui atteint sur un des deux échantillons prélevés 1,8.10-6 m/s. / The paper deals with the results obtained on two geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) samples from a landfill cover. Tests performed show that the initially sodium bentonite was converted after 10 years into a calcium bentonite in relation with the calcium content of the surrounding soil. The soil cover thickness, close to 0.5 m, was insufficient to prevent from desiccation to occur, nor from roots to reach the GCL and cross it. Hydraulic results show a significant increase in the hydraulic conductivity which reached 1.8×10-6 m/s on one specimen.

Published
2013

32. Ingénierie écologique appliquée aux milieux aquatiques. Pourquoi ? Comment ?

Author

Nicolas, V., Chocat, B., Lourdière, D., Dupont, Pierre, Le Fur, S., Rey, F., Moussard, S., Babut, E., Pagotto, C., Oppeneau, E., Costes, C., Bouteloup, C., Goetghebeur, P., Jourdan, S., Cherier, G., Mesquita, J., Angibault, D., Paillard, C., Saulais, M., Folmer, A., Darsy, C., Logereau, C., Dellinger, S., Valantin, P., Heitz, M., Lapierre, G., Frascaria-Lacoste, Nathalie, Vendeuvre, I., Laboratoire d'ingénierie des systèmes d'information (LISI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), DGALN, MEDDE, Eau, Veolia, Agence de l'eau Rhône Méditérranée Corse, Direction du Cycle de l'Eau, NANTES METROPOLE, Centre d'études sur les réseaux, les transports, l'urbanisme et les constructions publiques (CERTU), Avant création Cerema, Centre d'Ingénierie Hydraulique [Savoie Technolac] (CIH-EDF), EDF (EDF), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), CIRSEE, and Suez Environnement

Subjects
GENIE ECOLOGIQUE, ECOSYSTEME, GESTION DES MILIEUX AQUATIQUES, RESTAURATION ECOLOGIQUE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, MILIEU AQUATIQUE
Abstract

Depuis 2000, la Directive Cadre sur l'Eau nous invite à agir dans le sens de la restauration des milieux aquatiques afin d'atteindre leur bon état. Une analyse des SDAGE adoptés en 2009 et des programmes de mesures associés montre que des actions visant à utiliser les fonctions des écosystèmes comme un outil pour améliorer leur état sont aujourd'hui intégrées dans tous les programmes de mesure. Au-delà de leur ambition écologique, ces actions poursuivent souvent des objectifs sociétaux comme la prévention ou le traitement des pollutions, ou encore la gestion du risque d'inondation. Dans ce contexte, on voit apparaître différentes initiatives et démarches se revendiquant de "l'ingénierie écologique". Or, cette notion ne semble pas totalement explicitée à ce jour : absence d'une définition partagée, règles de l'art pas ou mal connues, risque de confusion et surtout de mise en place de projets inefficaces. Ainsi, le principal objectif de cet ouvrage est-il d'apporter aux décideurs de la gestion de l'eau et des milieux aquatiques, ainsi qu'à leurs conseillers, un cadre permettant de clarifier les concepts et les pratiques de façon à prévenir la mise en place d'actions se revendiquant de l'ingénierie écologique sans en appliquer les principes de base. Cette réflexion repose sur les échanges menés au sein d'un groupe de travail animé par l'ASTEE dans le cadre d'un protocole associatif regroupant l'Académie de l'Eau, l'AFEID et la SHF. La réflexion a également été enrichie par quatre journées d'échanges qui ont eu lieu au sein des sections régionales de l'ASTEE durant l'année 2012. Enfin l'ouvrage a bénéficié de contributions de différents experts du domaine.

Published
2013

33. Water reuse for irrigation: Lessons learnt from 11 case studies

Author

Langlais, C., Renault, Pierre, Lacoste, L, Martin Ruel, S., Déposants HAL-Avignon, bibliothèque Universitaire, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), CIRSEE, and Suez Environnement

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

34. Membrane characterization by microscopic and optical methods:powerful tool to control fouling

Author

Baudin, Isabelle, Tamime, Rahma, Wyart, Yvan, Siozade, Laure, Deumie, Carole, Glucina, Karl, Moulin, Philippe, Suez Environnement, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DiMABio (DiMABio), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Georges, Gaëlle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; One of the critical issues in the successful development of the ultrafiltration (UF) processes is the fouling, which arises from specific interactions between the membrane and various components present in the water. Many parameters impacting the fouling have been already studied. They can be classified into two categories: membrane chemical and structural parameters and water characteristics. The structural properties of membranes (roughness, porosity⋯) are specially studied to develop a fouling control method. In this work, several microscopic and optical methods are used to characterise, first virgin organic membranes and secondly fouled organic membranes after operation. In this work, information obtained for organic UF PES clean and fouled flat sheet membranes according to the cut-off (10, 30, 100 and 300 kDa) and for PVDF hollow fibers (100 kDa) are compared. For that, different techniques were used. - A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to probe the general structure of the membranes and to determine the porosity of the skin layer using image analysis software. It allows magnifications ranged from × 25 to × 650,000 with resolution of 1.2 to 2.5 nm. Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) can be combined to SEM observation. - An optical profilometer through white light interferometry (WLI) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used in order to assess the surface state of membranes (roughness spectrum). WLI allows obtaining image sizes from 360×360 μm2 to 900×900 μm2. Moreover, the AFM technique is used on surfaces whose scan tip allows the study of zones ranging from 10×10 μm2 to 40×40 μm2. These two techniques are complementary of each other for size scale observation. The structural properties of virgin flat sheet PES membrane were determined as a function of characteristics of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO). The characteristics of surface determined by SEM showed an increasing trend with MWCO. The use of WLI and AFM with different observation scales showed that the determination of the roughness of a membrane significantly depends on the observation scale. The AFM was able to differentiate membrane according to their MWCO as well as to the method of manufacturing. Structural characterizations by SEM/EDX and AFM techniques are particularly adapted to the study of hollow fibers (in/out or out/in configuration): comparison of observations for virgin, fouled and cleaned membranes after operation on industrial site can give information about efficacy of cleaning procedure, irreversible fouling (decrease in pore size, increase in surface roughness), ageing of membrane (increase of pore size linked to active skin deterioration or chemical degradation of polymer). These optical and microscopic techniques combined with others such as chemical observation of surface (FTIR), or hydraulic-dynamic tests (filtration tests, molecules or micro-organisms retention) can help to improve the understanding of fouling and/or ageing phenomena occurring during drinking water production in order to manage and minimize them. These methods of microscopic analysis require complex equipments associated to expenses of maintenance. They require expert staff trained specifically in the use of these tools, in the data processing and in the interpretation of the results. These methods can be used, as complementary tool to the services proposed by the dedicated laboratory on the membrane testing platform of CIRSEE, called "Memlab" through collaboration with expert academic laboratories in Marseille and Paris Universities. This platform is oriented on the assessment of all the MF/UF products of the market. It aims at evaluating membrane quality and durability for various treatment applications.

Published
2012

35. La durabilité des géosynthétiques dans les installations de stockage de déchets : le projet Durageos

Author

Farcas, F., Pons, C., Bouchez, T., Mazéas, L., Méry, J., Touze-Foltz, Nathalie, Durrieu, C., Fayolle, B., Richaud, E., Lanoe, M., Martins, J., Pierson, P., Said, F., Département Géotechnique, Eau et Risques (IFSTTAR/GER), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Paris-Est, Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Circulation Transport (LICIT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux (LIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Véolia Propreté, Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CIRSEE, Suez Environnement, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Étanchéité, 010407 polymers, Déchets, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Biodégradabilité, lcsh:TD1-1066, Alerte, GEOSYNTHETIQUE, Géosynthétiques, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, lcsh:GE1-350, 020502 materials, ETANCHEITE, Modélisation du vieillissement, ECOTOXICOLOGIE, BIODEGRADABILITE, Capteur, 0104 chemical sciences, Fibre optique, VIEILLISSEMENT, 0205 materials engineering, 13. Climate action, Auscultation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract

Les géosynthétiques sont de plus en plus utilisés pour renforcer les barrières d'étanchéité des installations de stockage des déchets non dangereux. Afin de réduire l'impact environnemental des installations, les utilisateurs de ces matériaux ont donc besoin de guides et de recommandations sur leur mise en ½uvre délicate, mais également d'estimations sur leur durée de vie. Cet article nous présente les moyens mis en ½uvre par le projet DURAGEOS pour mieux connaître et prédire les processus de vieillissement des géomembranes en polyéthylène haute densité et des géosynthétiques bentonitiques. / The DURAGEOS project studies geosynthetics (HDPE geomembranes and GCLs) ageing mechanisms under combined action of mechanical stresses, microorganisms and/or oxygen in connection with mass transfer. Physico-chemical and mechanical features of model and commercial geosynthetics aged in laboratory allow the development of a kinetic model of prediction of the lifetime coupled to a model of mass transfer. The models will be validated by geosynthetics sampled on landfill sites. Ecotoxicological risks and environmental external costs of transfers are to be assessed.

Published
2012

36. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Screening of Wastewater Effluent for Micropollutants and Their Transformation Products during Disinfection with Performic Acid

Author

Maolida Nihemaiti, Nina Huynh, Romain Mailler, Perrine Mèche-Ananit, Vincent Rocher, Rachid Barhdadi, Régis Moilleron, Julien Le Roux, Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), SIAAP - Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, and SIAAP

Subjects
wastewater disinfection, Chemistry (miscellaneous), trace organic chemicals, transformation products, lidocaine, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous), [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, peracids, Water Science and Technology, N-oxide
Abstract

International audience; Performic acid (PFA) is an emerging disinfectant applied for full-scale disinfection of wastewater effluent. While many studies have focused on assessing the microbial water quality during PFA disinfection, studies on the ability of PFA to oxidize organic micropollutants are still scarce. In this study, nontarget screening of wastewater secondary effluent during PFA treatment was performed using liquid chromatography−high-resolution mass spectrometry. A low dose (2 mg/L) of PFA was able to affect the organic matter composition within a short exposure time (10 min). Multivariate analysis as well as suspect screening indicated that PFA oxidation largely reduced the intensities of micropollutants with a tertiary amine moiety and led to the formation of their mono-oxygenated derivatives, N-oxides, a class of transformation products that are known as biologically stable but whose impact on aquatic organisms still needs to be assessed. Mechanistic studies were conducted on selected micropollutants (i.e., lidocaine, amisulpride, tramadol, and clarithromycin). The minimum apparent second-order rate constant of PFA with lidocaine was determined as 7.54 M −1 s −1 at pH 8.0. Lidocaine was mainly converted (∼95%) into its N-oxide via direct oxygen transfer from PFA. Overall results revealed a strong electrophilic reactivity of PFA toward electron-rich moieties (e.g., amines) of micropollutants.

Published
2022

37. Ultrafiltration for environmental safety in shellfish production: A case of bloom emergence

Author

Franz Coelho, Philippe Moulin, Clémence Cordier, Alexandra Voulgaris, Christophe Stavrakakis, Patrick Sauvade, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Pollution, media_common.quotation_subject, Shellfish culture, Coastal bloom, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Ultrafiltration, Ocean Engineering, Aquaculture, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General), law, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Filtration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, media_common, Total suspended solids, TC401-506, Pollutant, Fouling, Pulp and paper industry, 6. Clean water, 020801 environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Environmental safety, Water quality, Bloom
Abstract

International audience; The process of ultrafiltration (UF) of natural seawater often encounters the problems of variation in water quality and coastal blooms. To validate the feasibility of UF in shellfish farms, this study compared the hydraulic performance and pollutant removal efficiency of the UF process with those of the commonly used treatments that combine several filtration steps with ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. The comparison was conducted in the cases of natural seawater and a coastal bloom. Given that the UF process encountered the specific type of pollution, this study evaluated the filtration performance of the UF process and the retention of total suspended solids (TSS), bacteria, phytoplankton, and zooplankton. A real coastal bloom was considered in the case study of an experimental shellfish hatchery/nursery in France. The results show that both treatments were able to eliminate approximately 50% of TSS. However, in contrast with UV treatment combined with filtration, the UF process retained total amounts of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and bacteria in the bloom. Although the hydraulic performance of the UF process was impacted by the coastal bloom, the fouling was eliminated through chemical cleaning conducted at a frequency less than once per 12 h. Despite the severe pollution, this study confirmed the pollution resistance and treatment performance of the UF process, indicating that UF has the potential to enhance the biosecurity level. (C) 2021 Hohai University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2021

38. Using fiber optic to measure waste mass temperature : Application to evaluate leachate recirculation network in landfill bioreactor

Author

Moreau, S., Chevrier, B., Saidi, F., Buton, G., Bouye, J.M., Irstea Publications, Migration, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT FAIRTEC LA ROCHE DE GLUN FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)

Subjects
LEACHATE RECIRCULATION, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, FIBER OPTIC
Abstract

International audience; The concept of bioreactor is developed since many years in France. To evaluate the humidity distribution in waste mass, sensors and geophysical measurement techniques are needed (Imhoff et al, 2007). The temperature measurement appears as an essential parameter to achieve this goal due to the interpretation facility of the data. Nevertheless, punctual sensor does not offer a global view of the system and the fiber optic sensor seems to be an alternative to cover a large surface (Ettala et al, 2003). The fiber optic sensing technology is known as Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS). In this study, the use of fiber optic sensor to follow reinjection effects in waste mass was tested. For that, a landfill cell managed on mode bioreactor was implemented with 6 different fiber optic sensors located in a horizontal surface of 20m2 at 3.8m depth from the surface below a leachate recirculation pipe. The temperature variations induced by the leachate diffusion were observed and demonstrated the potential of DTS technology to study the temperature evolution of waste mass in bioreactor.

Published
2009

39. Elucidation of nitrate reduction pathways in anaerobic bioreactors using a stable isotope approach

Author

Karyn Lemenach, Nicolas Bernet, Hélène Budzinski, Laurent Mazéas, Vassilia Vigneron, Jean-Marc Audic, Théodore Bouchez, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Suez Environnement, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Irstea Publications, Migration, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Université de Bordeaux (UB), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Denitrification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, WASTE, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, LANDFILL, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ammonia, Bioreactors, Nitrate, Animals, Ammonium, Anaerobiosis, Hydrogen Sulfide, Leachate, Spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, AMMONIA, Nitrates, Nitrogen Isotopes, 030306 microbiology, Stable isotope ratio, Organic Chemistry, equipment and supplies, Manure, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, NITROGEN, CHIMIE ANALYTIQUE, Anaerobic digestion, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Isotope Labeling, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Cattle, Microcosm, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Hydrogen
Abstract

Leachate recirculation allows an increase of moisture content and the enhancement of the anaerobic digestion of wastes in landfill. Since there is no ammonia elimination process in landfill when leachate is recirculated, NH(4) (+) may accumulate. One strategy for NH(4) (+) removal is to treat aerobically the leachate outside the landfill to convert NH(4) (+) into NO(3) (-). When nitrified leachate is recirculated, denitrification should occur in the waste. We have previously shown that wastes have a large capacity to convert nitrate into N(2). Nevertheless, in some cases we observed nitrate reduction without gaseous nitrogen production. Using a stepwise multiple regression models, H(2)S concentration was the unique parameter found to have a negative effect on N(2) production. We then suspected that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) occurred in the presence of H(2)S. In order to verify this hypothesis, (15)N nitrate injections were performed into microcosms containing different H(2)S concentrations. The ammonium (15)N enrichment was measured using an elemental analyser coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. In the two microcosms containing the highest H(2)S concentrations, the ammonium was (15)N enriched and at the end of the experiment all the added nitrate was converted into ammonium. For the two microcosms containing the lowest H(2)S concentrations, no (15)N enrichment of ammonium was observed. This isotopic approach has allowed us to demonstrate that, in the presence of significant concentrations of H(2)S, denitrification is replaced by DNRA.

Published
2008

40. On change of measure inequalities for $f$-divergences

Author

Picard-Weibel, Antoine, Guedj, Benjamin, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Department of Computer science [University College of London] (UCL-CS), University College of London [London] (UCL), The Alan Turing Institute, The Inria London Programme (Inria-London), University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), MOdel for Data Analysis and Learning (MODAL), Laboratoire Paul Painlevé (LPP), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), and Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-École polytechnique universitaire de Lille (Polytech Lille)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Kullback-Leibler divergence, Computer Science - Information Theory, Information Theory (cs.IT), Probability (math.PR), Mathematics - Statistics Theory, Machine Learning (stat.ML), [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], Statistics Theory (math.ST), Machine Learning (cs.LG), [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Statistics - Machine Learning, Change of measure, f-divergence, FOS: Mathematics, Legendre transform, PAC-Bayesian theory, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

We propose new change of measure inequalities based on $f$-divergences (of which the Kullback-Leibler divergence is a particular case). Our strategy relies on combining the Legendre transform of $f$-divergences and the Young-Fenchel inequality. By exploiting these new change of measure inequalities, we derive new PAC-Bayesian generalisation bounds with a complexity involving $f$-divergences, and holding in mostly unchartered settings (such as heavy-tailed losses). We instantiate our results for the most popular $f$-divergences., Comment: 17 pages

Published
2022
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41. Injections de nitrate pendant la biodégradation anaérobie de déchets ménagers

Author

Vigneron, V., Ponthieu, M., Mazeas, L., Barina, G., Audic, J.M., Bernet, N., Bouchez, T., Irstea Publications, Migration, Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT DORE GARGENVILLE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT FAIRTEC GARGENVILLE

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, LEACHATE RECIRCULATION, DENITRIFICATION, DISSIMILATORY NITRATE REDUCTION TO AMMONIUM, LANDFILL BIOREACTOR, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Nitrate injections were performed during anaerobic digestion of two kinds of wastes in order to better understand the nitrate conversion reactions which can occur in landfill when nitrified leachate is recirculated. Heterotrophic denitrification was the main nitrate conversion reaction observed. When H2S concentration exceeded 0.18 mmol/L in the headspace, denitrification was replaced by DNRA (Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia). When nitrate injections were performed in reactor containing stabilized waste, autotrophic denitrification was observed. A modification of the waste degradation process was observed with nitrate injections : more dissolved matter and less matter converted as biogas were produced. The three nitrate injections performed at days 3, 17 and 45 delayed the beginning of the methanogenic phase compared to control reactors.

Published
2005

42. Vers une nouvelle génération de centres de stockage bioactifs

Author

Bouchez, T., Barina, G., Duquennoi, C., Vigneron, V., Budka, A., Audic, J.M., Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT DORE GARGENVILLE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SITA FRANCE NANTERRE, and SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE)

Subjects
RECIRCULATION DE LIXIVIATS, DÉCHETS MÉNAGERS, DÉCHARGE-BIORÉACTEUR, TENEUR EN EAU, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, RÉSISTIVITÉ
Abstract

National audience; La filière d'élimination des déchets ménagers et assimilés par stockage a connu de profondes évolutions au cours des dix dernières années. Les anciennes décharges sont devenues des centres de stockage de déchets, ouvrages contrôlés et techniques, où les déchets sont confinés afin de limiter au maximum les impacts sur l'environnement et la santé. Toutefois, un confinement excessif peut conduire à un ralentissement de l'expression du potentiel polluant des déchets. Le risque est alors de léguer aux générations futures des ouvrages vieillissants contenant des déchets insuffisamment stabilisés. C'est pourquoi il est aujourd'hui nécessaire de franchir une nouvelle étape dans l'évolution de ces ouvrages. Un ensemble de dispositions techniques peuvent être mises en oeuvre pour stabiliser de manière plus rapide les massifs de déchets stockés : c'est le concept de stockage-bioactif ou de décharge-bioréacteur. L'article présente ce concept, l'illustre à l'aide de quelques expériences de terrain et propose d'en tirer un certain nombre d'enseignements qui pourraient contribuer à l'élaboration d'ouvrages permettant une stabilisation plus sûre et plus contrôlée. Le stockage-bioactif n'a pas vocation à se substituer aux autres filières de traitement biologique des déchets organiques. Toutefois, une mise en oeuvre raisonnée et encadrée pourrait permettre une amélioration significative des pratiques existantes en matière de stockage.

Published
2005

43. Digestion anaérobie de déchets ménagers : analyse de bilan

Author

Vigneron, V., Mazeas, L., Barina, G., Audic, J.M., Vasel, J.L., Bernet, N., Bouchez, T., Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT DORE GARGENVILLE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Université de Liège, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE, MASS-BALANCE
Abstract

Anaerobic digestion of two kinds of reconstituted municipal solid waste (MSW) was followed in laboratory scale experiments in order to obtain a carbon mass balance. Despite the complexity of the initial MSW matrix, triplicate reactors showed a reasonable level of reproducibility. Under water saturated conditions, recorded methane yields were important : 178 and 126 m3 of CH4/ton of dry waste I (mean French MSW composition) and II (compost replaced putrescibles), respectively. The carbon distribution at the end of the waste I degradation, without taking into account the carbon coming from the initial leachate, was : 30.7% ± 3.5% as mineralized fraction (TIC and CO2), 28.6% ± 2.8% as valorized fraction (CH4), 7.9% ± 2.5% as solubilized fraction (TOC) and 33.8% ± 3.8% as solid fraction. The carbon distribution for waste II was different : 22.7% ± 3.1% as mineralized fraction, 24.6% ± 1.1% as valorized fraction, 3.6% ± 2.0% as solubilized fraction and 49.1% ± 2.9% as solid fraction.

Published
2005

44. Thermal Hydrolysis of Municipal sludge: Finding the Temperature Sweet Spot: A Review

Author

Perrine Devos, Mathieu Haddad, Hélène Carrère, SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Anaerobic digestion, 010608 biotechnology, THP, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Sewage sludge, Waste Management and Disposal, Effluent, Sweet spot, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Thermal hydrolysis, Atmospheric temperature range, Pulp and paper industry, Dewatering, Thermal hydrolysis process, 6. Clean water, Environmental science, Sewage treatment, Pretreatment, Sludge
Abstract

The increasing demand for a Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) to pretreat municipal sludge upstream Anaerobic Digestion (AD) opens the opportunity to further develop and optimise this technology. The optimal THP temperature remains unclear due to the production of refractory compounds at high temperature. A compilation of literature data was conducted to investigate the existence of a temperature sweet spot for the THP applied to municipal sludge. All related reports (n = 43) were included. The THP temperature range impact was assessed in the range of 100 °C–200 °C on four AD and dewatering performance indicators (CH4 production, Volatile Solid Reduction (VSR), Dewaterability (DW) and filtrate quality). Other parameters potentially affecting the performance indicators were also considered. These parameters include the type of sewage sludge and operational conditions related to THP and AD. The impact of all parameters on performance indicators was evaluated with a Kruskal–Wallis statistical test. For THP temperature optimisation, a pairwise comparison, using a Wilcoxon test, was made. A temperature optimum in the [140–160] °C range was proposed. It seemed to minimize the production of refractory compounds, while maximising AD and dewatering performances. It is noteworthy that above 160 °C, the concentration in refractory compounds and soluble COD increases sharply, thus leading to a potential deterioration of WWTP effluent quality. Optimal THP temperature range for an optimal outcome on both sludge and wastewater treatment lines.

Published
2020

45. Neural networks: a tool to improve UF plant productivity

Author

N. Delgrange-Vincent, L. Durand-Bourlier, J.M. Lainé, C. Cabassud, Michel Cabassud, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), Suez Environnement, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement - CIRSEE (Le Pecq, France), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Procédes de l'Energie et de l'Environnement (LIP2E), Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]-Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées d'Agadir, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Long-term modelling, law, Process control, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Raw water, Predictive control, Process engineering, Filtration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Fouling, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Model predictive control, Pilot plant, Drinking water production, Water treatment, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this work is to develop a predictive control algorithm to improve the productivity of an ultrafiltration pilot plant producing drinking water from surface raw water. The objective is to avoid irreversible fouling, that means to get a constant quality of the membrane after backwash and at the same time to optimise the productivity of the process. This control strategy is based on a model able to predict long-term performances of the ultrafiltration pilot plant. This model consists in two interconnected recurrent neural networks coupled with the Darcy's law. The parameters taken into account are water quality parameters, operating conditions during filtration time and during the backwash procedure. The model allows predicting satisfactorily the filtration performances of the experimental pilot plant obtained for different water quality and changing operating conditions, during several hundred filtration cycles.

Published
2002

46. Comparing the efficiency of hypoxia mitigation strategies in an urban, turbid tidal river via a coupled hydro-sedimentary–biogeochemical model

Author

K. Lajaunie-Salla, A. Sottolichio, S. Schmidt, X. Litrico, G. Binet, G. Abril, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, Streamflow, 11. Sustainability, Tidal river, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, lcsh:GE1-350, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Hypoxia (environmental), Estuary, 6. Clean water, lcsh:Geology, geography.body_of_water, Wastewater, lcsh:G, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Water quality, Sediment transport
Abstract

Coastal-water hypoxia is increasing globally due to global warming and urbanization, and the need to define management solutions to improve the water quality of coastal ecosystems has become important. The lower tidal Garonne River (TGR; southwestern France), characterized by the seasonal presence of a turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) and urban water discharge, is subject to episodic hypoxia events during low river flow periods in the summer. Future climatic conditions (higher temperature and summer droughts) and increasing urbanization could enhance hypoxia risks near the city of Bordeaux in the coming decades. A 3-D model of dissolved oxygen (DO) that couples hydrodynamics, sediment transport and biogeochemical processes was used to assess the efficiency of different management solutions for oxygenation of the TGR during summer low-discharge periods. We ran different scenarios of reductions in urban sewage overflows, displacement of urban discharges downstream from Bordeaux and/or temporary river flow support during the summer period. The model shows that each option mitigates hypoxia, but with variable efficiency over time and space. Sewage overflow reduction improves DO levels only locally near the city of Bordeaux. Downstream relocation of wastewater discharges allows for better oxygenation levels in the lower TGR. The support of low river flow limits the upstream TMZ propagation and dilutes the TGR water with well-oxygenated river water. Scenarios combining wastewater network management and low-water replenishment indicate an improvement in water quality over the entire TGR. These modelling outcomes constitute important tools for local water authorities to develop the most appropriate strategies to limit hypoxia in the TGR.Highlights. A 3-D model shows different efficiencies of management actions to limit hypoxia. Downstream relocation of wastewater discharge totally mitigates hypoxia. Sewage overflow reduction improves DO levels but only locally. Water replenishment improves DO in the upper estuary.

Published
2019

47. Correction to: How effective are strategies to control the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment? A systematic review (vol 9, 4, 2020)

Author

Goulas, Anais, Belhadi, Drifa, Descamps, Alexandre, Andremont, Antoine, Benoit, Pierre, Courtois, Sophie, Dagot, Christophe, Grall, Nathalie, Makowski, David, Nazaret, Sylvie, Nelieu, Sylvie, Patureau, Dominique, Petit, Fabienne, Roose-Amsaleg, Céline, Vittecoq, Marion, Livoreil, Barbara, Laouenan, Cédric, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Saclay, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Etudes des Ressources Forêt-Bois (LERFoB), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Méthodes quantitatives en santé publique (METIS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Fondation pour la recherche sur la Biodiversité (FRB), Jonchère, Laurent, Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

(IF 3.73; Q1); International audience; Correction to: Environ Evid (2020) 9:4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-020-0187-xFollowing publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that the Additional file 10 is a duplicate of the additional file 8. The correct Additional file 10 has been attached in this correction.

Published
2021

48. Metataxonomics, metagenomics and metabolomics analysis of the influence of temperature modification in full-scale anaerobic digesters

Author

Francesc Puig-Castellví, Cédric Midoux, Angéline Guenne, Delphine Conteau, Oscar Franchi, Chrystelle Bureau, Céline Madigou, Delphine Jouan-Rimbaud Bouveresse, Pablo Kroff, Laurent Mazéas, Douglas N. Rutledge, Gilberte Gaval, Olivier Chapleur, Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Procédés biotechnologiques au service de l'environnement (UR PROSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées du Génome à l'Environnement [Jouy-En-Josas] (MaIAGE), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, BioinfOmics, MIGALE bioinformatics facility (MIGALE), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez [Santiago], Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), National Wine and Grape Industry Centre, Charles Sturt University, and ANR-16-CE05-0014,DIGESTOMIC,Elaboration de nouvelles stratégies opératoires pour lever les verrous de la digestion anaérobie et élargir ses domaines d'application à l'aide d'approches méta-omiques(2016)

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Environmental Engineering, 030306 microbiology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], full-scale, Temperature, sub-mesophilic, Bioengineering, General Medicine, chemometrics, 7. Clean energy, 03 medical and health sciences, Bioreactors, Metabolomics, Anaerobiosis, Metagenomics, Waste Management and Disposal, Methane, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience; Full-scale anaerobic digesters' performance is regulated by modifying their operational conditions, but little is known about how these modifications affect their microbiome. In this work, we monitored two originally mesophilic (35°C) full-scale anaerobic digesters during 476 days. One digester was submitted to sub-mesophilic (25°C) conditions between days 123 and 373. We characterized the effect of temperature modification using a multi-omics (metataxonomics, metagenomics, and metabolomics) approach. The metataxonomics and metagenomics results revealed that the lower temperature allowed a substantial increase of the sub-dominant bacterial population, destabilizing the microbial community equilibrium and reducing the biogas production. After restoring the initial mesophilic temperature, the bacterial community manifested resilience in terms of microbial structure and functional activity. The metabolomic signature of the sub-mesophilic acclimation was characterized by a rise of amino acids and short peptides, suggesting a protein degradation activity not directed towards biogas production.

Published
2021

49. Improving anaerobic digestion mass balance calculations through stoichiometry and usual substrate characterization

Author

Julie Jimenez, Roman Moscoviz, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and RISQ-PRO project funded by ONEMA (AFB) (Action 1251)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Nitrogen, chemistry.chemical_element, Bioengineering, 010501 environmental sciences, Mass balance, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 12. Responsible consumption, Ammonia production, Bioreactors, Ammonia, 010608 biotechnology, Anaerobic digestion, Anaerobiosis, Biomass, Process engineering, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Waste characterization, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Substrate (chemistry), General Medicine, Biodegradable waste, chemistry, Scientific method, Elemental composition, Environmental science, business, Methane, Organic fertilizer, Stoichiometry
Abstract

International audience; In recent years, anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste has raised as a winning strategy to produce energy and organic fertilizer. To optimize such a technology, mass balance is needed to model or simply monitor the process. This paper describes a theoretical framework allowing process indicators to be derived from estimates of organic waste elemental composition. Using a database of 128 typical feedstocks, semi-empirical equations are provided to estimate this elemental composition in case of a missing analysis. Then, a revised stoichiometric reaction of anaerobic digestion is proposed considering biomass yield and nitrogen. Biomass yield induces a more accurate estimation of the ammonia production and the volatile solids (VS) loss. The stoichiometric reaction allows the prediction of biogaz quality and mass loss and a correction factor for VS removal is proposed. The use of real case studies highlights the need to consider this correction (correction factor range: 1.01–1.2), especially for dry AD.

Published
2021

50. Neural networks for long term prediction of fouling and backwash efficiency in ultrafiltration for drinking water production

Author

N. Delgrange-Vincent, Michel Cabassud, Corinne Cabassud, L. Durand-Bourlier, J.M. Lainé, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Procédes de l'Energie et de l'Environnement (LIP2E), Université Ibn Zohr [Agadir]-Ecole Nationale des Sciences Appliquées d'Agadir, Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement [Suez] (CIRSEE), SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Centre International de Recherche Sur l'Eau et l'Environnement (CIRSEE), and Suez Environnement

Subjects
Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, Membrane technology, Long-term modelling, 020401 chemical engineering, General Materials Science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Artificial neural network, Fouling, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Recurrent neural network, Pilot plant, Drinking water production, Water treatment, Water quality, 0210 nano-technology, business, Neural networks
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to develop a neural network model to predict the productivity of an ultrafiltration pilot plant, treating surface water to produce drinking water and operated with sequential backwashes. The model had to predict long-term performances of the pilot plant, it means to consider both reversible and irreversible fouling. The model had also to take into account a minimum number of parameters. On site experiments were performed to constitute the learning and validation databases. The developed model consists in two interconnected recurrent neural networks. It allows predicting satisfactorily the filtration performances of the experimental pilot plant for different resource water quality and changing operating conditions.

Published
2000

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