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Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kesadaran metakognitif siswa yang memenuhi aspek valid, praktis dan efektif. Model penelitian menggunakan model ADDIE, yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 32 siswa MTs Negeri 8 Ciamis. Instrumen penelitian meliputi angket penilaian kepraktisan guru dan siswa, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan angket kesadaran metakognitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra yang dikembangkan memenuhi aspek valid dengan kriteria “Sangat Baik”, (2) LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra yang dikembangkan memenuhi aspek praktis dengan kriteria “Sangat Baik”, (3) LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra yang dikembangkan memenuhi aspek efektif dimana hasil tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah dianalisis menggunakan uji one sampel t-test. Pada tahap ini diperoleh nilai rata-rata angket siswa lebih dari 75 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kesadaran metakognitif siswa. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKS berbasis PBL berbantuan GeoGebra yang dikembangkan memenuhi aspek kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan. GeoGebra-assisted PBL to improve students' problem-solving skills and metacognitive awareness that meet the valid, practical and effective aspects. The research model uses the ADDIE model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects were 32 students of MTs Negeri 8 Ciamis. The research instruments included teacher and student practicality assessment questionnaires, learning implementation observation sheets, problem solving ability tests and metacognitive awareness questionnaires. The results showed that (1) the developed GeoGebra-assisted PBL-based LKS met the valid aspects with the criteria of "Very Good", (2) the developed GeoGebra-assisted PBL-based LKS met the practical aspects with the criteria of "Very Good", (3) PBL-based worksheets assisted by GeoGebra developed meet the effective aspects where the results of the problem solving ability test analyzed using the one sample t-test. At this stage, the student questionnaire was more than 75, so it is concluded that the PBL-based LKS assisted by GeoGebra is effective for improving students' problem solving skills and metacognitive awareness. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the developed GeoGebra-assisted PBL-based worksheet meets the aspects of validity, practicality and effectiveness.

The Saparan tradition is carried out every Safar month and is followed by village communities with differences. This research aims to determine the values of tolerance in the Saparan Tradition in Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet, Widodomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman. The type of research used by researchers is naturalistic qualitative. Data collection used was observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the forms of tolerance values in the Saparan Tradition in Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet are 1) attitudes of mutual respect and respect for other people and cooperation are found in recitation activities, heritage parades, bregodo parades, distribution of apem and supporting events, 2) attitudes not discriminating/discriminating and not hurting/interfering with other people's freedom is found in the heritage carnival, bregodo carnival, apem distribution, and supporting events, and 3) caring for each other is found in the heirloom carnival, bregodo carnival, and supporting events. However, during the heirloom carnival and bregodo activities during traditional ceremonies, the implementation of the event still differentiates in its reception between poor and rich people. Apart from that, there is still a lack of concern during recitations, heritage carnivals and bregodo for the elderly/disabled. In short, the Saparan Tradition can bring values of tolerance to the people of Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet. However, in practice, the community is still not tolerant of some Saparan Tradition activities. This research recommends the importance of mutual tolerance between members of society. Tradisi Saparan dilaksanakan pada setiap bulan Safar yang diikuti oleh masyarakat desa dengan beragamnya perbedaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai toleransi pada Tradisi Saparan di Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, Widodomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah kualitatif naturalistik. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk nilai-nilai toleransi pada Tradisi Saparan di Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, yaitu 1) sikap saling menghargai dan menghormati orang lain serta gotong royong terdapat pada kegiatan pengajian, kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo, penyebaran apem dan acara penunjang, 2) sikap tidak mendiskriminasi/membeda-bedakan dan tidak menyakiti/mengganggu kebebasan orang lain terdapat pada kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo, penyebaran apem dan acara penunjang, dan 3) saling peduli terdapat pada kegiatan kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo dan acara penunjang. Namun, pada kegiatan kirab pusaka dan bregodo saat upacara adat dalam pelaksanaan acara masih membeda-bedakan dalam penyambutannya antara masyarakat yang miskin dan kaya. Selain itu, masih terdapat sikap kurang peduli saat pengajian, kirab pusaka dan bregodo pada lansia/difabel. Secara singkat, Tradisi Saparan dapat menghadirkan nilai-nilai toleransi pada masyarakat Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masyarakat masih tidak bersifat toleran dalam beberapa kegiatan Tradisi Saparan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya saling toleransi antar anggota masyarakat.

Sambatan Gawe Omah is one of the traditions of the Gunungkidul people whose implementation cannot be separated from the way the local community uses it as a means of communication. This study examines the tradition of splice gawe omah as a form of effective communication which has experienced a decline. The aims of this study were 1) to find out the position of the gawe Omah splice in Autumn Gunung, 2) to analyze the forms of effective communication in the gawe Omah splice tradition, 3) to find out the decline in effective communication in the gawe Omah splice tradition. This study uses a qualitative method through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that there is a decrease in effective communication in the Sambatan Gawe Omah tradition due to high secondary relationships with the community, the reciprocal principle that brings the community physically present but not empathetically, and the strengthening of personal interest in building houses so that workmanship specifications are needed.

Research on the effect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows has been conducted. This study aims to determine and examine the ef- fect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows. The research was conducted in December 2022–January 2023 in Lembang District, Bandung Barat. The method used is the survey method. The material used was an artificial insemination officer at the Kope- rasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU) Lembang. The variables observed to determine AI success are service conception (S/C), conception rate (C/R). The data analysis used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis and simple correlation analysis. The results showed that the AI officer experience was an average of 19 years and an average age of 39 years. Average S/C value is 1.84 , Average C/R value is 64.50%. The results of a simple correlation analysis showed that the experience and age of the inseminator had no real effect (P>0.05) on the success of AI in dairy cows. It was concluded that the success rate of AI in dairy cattle based on S/C and CR in Lembang District was good, but the experience and age of the artificial insemination officer did not have a significant effect on the success of artificial insemination in dairy cows.

Tradition Tegal Deso is carried out every year on September 18 as well as a commemoration of the birth of Pasuruan Regency which is attended by all local people, coconut villages and their tools, humanists, spiritualists, and academics. The purpose of this research study is to find out the objectives, procedures for implementation, functions, and developments along with their setting as a symbol of the celebration of the founding of Pasuruan Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach and an ethnographic model supported by Niels Mulder's theory of the moral basis of Javanese society, while data analysis uses a triangulation pattern. The results of this study indicate that (1) the Tegal Deso in Dusun Sukci is a representation of the community's expression of gratitude. (2) The implementation of this tradition lasts for 3 days. (3) This tradition includes religious, socio-cultural, economic, and educational functions. (4) This tradition has developed, especially regarding the implementation time which is always undergoing adjustments, up to the most recent through Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2007 stipulated that September 18 is the time for the implementation of the Tegal Deso as well as a historical commemoration of the birth of Pasuruan Regency.

This study analyzes the traditional values of menumbai sialang to shape Pancasila students' character in high school. It uses a descriptive qualitative approach with Vygotsky's constructivist theory. Data collection includes non-participant observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed through triangulation. Results: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition representing trinity through a procession for collecting forest honey. (2) Values aligned with Pancasila student indicators: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition still in the process of taking forest honey with certain rituals representing the trinity relationship. (2) some values align with the character indicators of Pancasila students, namely (a) having faith-fearing God Almighty, reflected in the traditional procession as an expression of gratitude for God's gifts. (b) Global diversity, reflected in the awareness of the Petalangan tribe on the importance of maintaining their local culture. (c) Gotong royong can be reflected in the collective procession of gathering sialang. (d) Independence and responsibility are reflected in the efforts of the Petalangan tribe, who strive to conserve all resources. (e) Critical thinking, reflected in establishing customary sanctions for violators to maintain the balance of nature. (f) Creative, reflected in the ability of the Petalangan tribe to design environmentally friendly traditional tools to support traditional processions. (3) Menumbai sialang values can be integrated into high school history lessons through contextual learning, field trips, and the involvement of traditional leaders.

This article examines the use of ethnomathematics in Kalimantan batik in learning geometry in elementary schools. The purpose of this paper is to explore mathematical concepts contained in the Kalimantan batik motifs that can be utilized in the process of learning geometry in elementary schools. This research uses exploratory research and an ethnographic approach. The research data were obtained from literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the study this study obtained 6 types of Kalimantan batik motifs, namely Tidayu batik motif (West Kalimantan), spot yarn motif (Central Kalimantan), Empiek Batik motif (East Kalimantan), clouded motif batik motif (West Kalimantan), Sasirangan batik motif Hiris Pudak (South Kalimantan), Pating Muang batik motif (Central Kalimantan). Geometry concepts for elementary school children in Kalimantan batik motifs are rectangles, circles, triangles, points, lines, minimum and maximum curves, reflection, translation, and fraction numbers. The alternative steps of learning are as follows: (1). Students and teachers carry out learning with the question and answer methods related to Kalimantan batik motifs; (2). Students are asked to observe the Kalimantan batik motif; (3). Students are asked to analyze the shapes contained in the Kalimantan batik motif; (4) Students are asked to present their work.

Abstrak Pembelajaran matematika di sekolah menuntut siswa untuk memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah non-rutin. Masalah-masalah non-rutin dapat menggalih dan mengembangkan aspek-aspek penting dalam HOTS, namun belum ada metode penyelesaiannya. Pemecahan masalah non-rutin penting diberikan kepada siswa agar siswa mampu berpikir kritis, logis, reflektif, metakognitif, dan kreatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangakan LKPD berorientasi HOTS untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah non-rutin siswa yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Model penelitian menggunakan tahapan pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation). Subjek penelitian berjumlah 34 siswa SMP Negeri 7 Yogyakarta. Instrumen penelitian meliputi angket validasi ahli materi dan media, angket respon siswa dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah non-rutin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas LKPD dilihat dari aspek kevalidan masuk kriteria sangat baik dengan rata-rata skor 4,4 dari ahli materi dan rata-rata skor 4,79 dari ahli media. Hasil angket respon siswa terhadap LKPD dilihat dari aspek kepraktisan masuk kriteria sangat baik dengan rata-rata skor 4,46 pada ujicoba skala kecil dan rata-rata skor 4,5 pada ujicoba skala besar. Hasil analisis tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah non-rutin dilihat dari aspek keefektifan memperoleh rata-rata skor 87,75 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Sehingga disimpulkan LKPD berorientasi HOTS yang dikembangkan dapat memfasilitasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah non-rutin siswa. Abstract Learning mathematics in schools requires students to have non-routine problem-solving abilities. Non-routine problems can overturn and develop important aspects of HOTS, but there is no method of solving them yet. Important non-routine problem solving is given to students so that students are able to think critically, logically, reflectively, metacognitively, and creatively. This research is a development research that aims to develop HOTS-oriented LKPD to facilitate students' valid, practical and effective non-routine problem solving skills. The research model uses the stages of ADDIE (Analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation) development. The subjects of the study were 34 students of SMP Negeri 7 Yogyakarta. Research instruments include material and media expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires and non-routine problem-solving ability tests. The results showed that the quality of LKPD was seen from the aspect of validity of entering the criteria very well with an average score of 4.4 from material experts and an average score of 4.79 from media experts. The results of the questionnaire of student responses to LKPD were seen from the aspect of practicality of entering the criteria very well with an average score of 4.46 in small-scale trials and an average score of 4.5 in large-scale trials. The results of the analysis of non-routine problem-solving ability tests seen from the aspect of effectiveness obtained an average score of 87.75 with excellent criteria. So it is concluded that the HOTS-oriented LKPD developed can facilitate students' non-routine problem-solving skills.

In the era of education 4.0 which is characterized by the use of digital technology, the learning process is not limited to space and time. This allows the implementation of distance learning as a springboard for a new educational model. The Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic is a vocational education institution under the supervision of Direktorat Kelaikudaraan dan Pengoperasian Pesawat Udara (DKPPU). DKPPU as the airworthiness and operation authority has issued letter regarding the online learning system method due to the covid pandemic. One of the determining factors for the success of learning process is the use of appropriate learning media. The choice of learning media influenced by the characteristics of the learner. Therefore, it is important to know the learning styles of students. Thus, this study aims to determine the learning style tendencies of Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic cadets to obtain recommendations for selecting the right media in distance learning. The data collection process involved 900 cadets who were asked to fill out a learning style questionnaire which would later be analyzed quantitatively. For data triangulation, interview sessions were also held for selected cadets. From the results of data analysis, it was concluded that the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic cadets tended to have visual learning styles (54% or 485 cadets) and auditory (13% or 121 cadets). So, the media recommendations are audio/video tutorials, interactive multimedia, and simulator software. However, a total of 126 cadets do not know their learning styles. They need to be assisted in-class during class learning to increase achievement motivation.

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana suasana dilematis antara hutan dan uang. Melakukan analisis atas lirik-lirik lagu berjudul Ketika Ku Pulang yang dipopulerkan oleh Katon Bagaskara pada era 90-an. Berdasarkan tahapan analisis semiotika Roland Bartes, dihasilkan temuan menarik berikut. Secara denotatif menjelaskan tentang situasi hutan yang rusak membawa akibat kepada panasnya bumi, dan punahnya ekosistem. Secara konotatif ditemukan falsafah bahwa hutan adalah sumber kehidupan. Maka dalam suasana yang dilematis, ketika kita diminta untuk memilih antara hutan dan uang. Berdasar konteks penelitian ini yang harus menjadi pilihan utama kita ialah menjaga hutan agar tetap lestari.

This study aims to identify the potential for fraudulent financial reporting using the Fraud Hexagon approach with pressure, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego indicators. The population in this study is state-owned companies with observations for 12 years, from 2010 to 2021, and uses regression analysis with SPSS tools to test the Hypothesis. The results showed that pressure and ego could detect the potential for fraudulent financial reporting. There is a tendency for management to report conditions that are different from the actual conditions when under pressure in the form of performance targets that are not supported by the resources they have. CEO duality also provides an excellent opportunity for fraudulent financial reporting practices because when there is a position war, there is no cross-check between departments, so other parts cannot detect the potential fraud committed by the CEO. This condition also indicates weak control processes that provide wider opportunities for fraudulent financial reporting. At the same time, variables of ability, collusion, opportunity, and rationalization cannot detect financial statement fraud. This condition is because state-owned companies are required to implement the Minister of Finance Regulation number PER-11/MBU/07/2021 and the Financial Services Authority number 13/POJK.03/2017 as the basis for the implementation of Good Corporate Governance so that it is possible to commit financial reporting fraud very small.

This study aims to examine the fraud hexagon elements which consist of pressure, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego in detecting fraud in financial statements. The population in this study were state-owned companies with an observation period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2019. After testing, it was found that the research data was not normally distributed, so the researchers decided to eliminate outlier data, using the outlier boxspot method and obtained 153 samples data using multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that pressure has a positive effect on Financial Report Fraud practices. Meanwhile, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego are not proven to be able to detect Financial Report Fraud.

Some research results state that the impact of implementing learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is in the form of online learning, one of which is learning loss. The purpose of the study is to provide notes on online learning in Indonesia that in addition to focusing on learning, one must also be able to anticipate learning loss. This study uses a literature study method by selecting various research articles that are in accordance with the research study. The results of the research state that indeed online learning will have an impact in the form of learning loss and in this research it also provides solutions in resolving learning loss through more intense communication from teachers and parents and maximizing teacher activities in learning so that they can anticipate learning loss so as to achieve learning goals. such as: online learning using a platform that is student-friendly and comfortable to use by students so that students can study at home to the maximum and parental control must always be done because learning takes place at home. The results of this study are expected to be able to anticipate learning loss, inspire parents and teachers to be able to take the importance of online learning for students.

The research aims to evaluate the implementation of the gender-responsive school program in Yogyakarta. It is a descriptive evaluation using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model involving the principal, head of the gender-responsive school program, teachers, employees, and students as the subjects. Data were collected by (1) interviews with principals, teachers, heads of gender-responsive school programs, and students; (2) a study of documentation of various educational activities related to the program. Data were analyzed using a qualitative data analysis model by Miles and Huberman consisting of (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data display, and (4) data verification/conclusion. The research results can be seen from four aspects: (1) the context in implementing gender-responsive school programs refers to various references, including Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2000, Regulation of the Minister of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8 of 2008. (2) The inputs for implementing the gender-responsive school program have met the requirements in terms of human resources (teachers and education staff) and the facilities and infrastructure. Most of the teachers already have adequate knowledge about the program's implementation. An integrated team in school management has planned the facilities and infrastructure. (3) Implementing gender-responsive schools is carried out well by developing school culture and organizing activities inside and outside learning. (4) The product of the gender-responsive school program is the formation of conducive school culture, facilities, and infrastructure that ensure the privacy of both male and female students.

Penelitian tampilan reproduksi sapi FH (Friesian Hostain) di KPBS Pangalengan telah dilakukan. Tujuan pe- nelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan mengevaluasi reproduksi sapi FH di KPBS Pangalengan Ka- bupaten Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei, pengambilan data dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria sapi perah yang sudah laktasi dan sudah beranak minimal dua kali serta melakukan sampling pada 47 responden anggota koperasi. Variabel yang dianalisa adalah umur pertama estrus, umur petama beranak, days open dan service per conception. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menun- jukan bahwa rerata umur pertama estrus sapi FH di KPBS Pangalengan adalah 14,29 bulan, rerata umur pertama beranak 27,08 bulan, rerata days open (DO) 3,33 bulan dan rerata service per conception (S/C) 1,69 kali. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tampilan reproduksi sapi Friesian Hostain di KPBS Pangalengan sudah cukup baik.

This study assesses the impact of the LED light spectrum on the reproductive development of male synodontis (Synodontis sp.) broods. Male synodontis were subjected to four distinct LED light spectra, namely: white, blue, green, and red, each continuously for 120 days of rearing. This experimental study used a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five individual fish replications per treatment. The gonadosomatic index (GSI), sperm quality (volume, density, and motility), testosterone levels, and testicular histology were analyzed. After 120 days, the blue LED light showed the best GSI and sperm quality. Testosterone hormone levels fluctuate in each treatment, with blue, red, and green LEDs having four peak treatments on days 12, 48, 60, 84, and 108, while white (control) light bulbs have two peak hormone level on days 12 and 60. Furthermore, fish that were exposed to blue LED light had more testicular cells growing and more spermatozoa spread out than fish that were exposed to red, green, or white LED light. Thus, this research demonstrates that blue light effectively accelerates gonad maturation in male synodontis.

Palm oil (Elaeis guenesis jacq) is an important commodity in Indonesia. Assessments of the underlying causes of yield gaps in oil palm production systems worldwide are lacking in exploring existing knowledge about oil palm productivity from a crop physiological perspective. Modifying the roots of oil palm plants through root cutting can affect the availability of carbon stocks in the soil because roots are one of the sources of organic carbon input into the soil. The purpose of the study was to analyses the effect of cutting the roots of oil palm plants on the availability of carbon stocks and soil fertility for these crops. The land where the study took place had a relatively low soil fertility status, there were several parameters observed showing low availability status in the soil. The low content of nutrients in the soil causes limited soil in providing nutrients to support plant growth.

400 million tons of plastic waste pollute the environment every year, and then 8 million tons of plastic waste have ended up in the ocean. Flexible plastic waste accounts for 76% of plastic waste entering the environment in Indonesia. Ecoplas have been developed in Jakarta, as starch-based biodegradable packaging. This study aims to 1) determine the ranking of Ecoplas compared to PP, r-PP, and Oxo-biodegradable; 2) Identify criteria that affect the path of Ecoplas packaging into sustainable packaging. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire involving 96 consumers of flexible packaging in Jakarta, taken by convenience sampling. In this study, Ecoplas packaging was evaluated using PROMETHEE II to generate rankings, and Rainbow-PROMETHEE to review criteria affecting packaging sustainability. The results show that PP packaging (0.1168) remains the most preferred option for flexible packaging, followed by Oxo-biodegradable (0,0020), Ecoplas (-0,0113), and r-PP (-0,1076). Ecoplas have good criteria on willingness to purchase (Ec), consumers' environmental preferences (En), property preference (T1), packaging safety preference (T3), and consumer knowledge of post-consumer (S2). Aspects of criteria that need to be improved by Ecoplas i.e. awareness of alternative packaging usage (S1) and accessibility (S3 & S4), and packaging durability preference (S2). Ecoplas is promising to be an alternative to flexible packaging, as shown by the good evaluation and willingness of consumers to purchase it as eco-friendly packaging. However, Ecoplas packaging needs to improve the level of packaging properties and accessibility level for consumers to find it easily.

To fulfill Paris Agreement commitments, an effective strategy involves advancing renewable energy (RE) adoption, especially in 3T (underdeveloped, frontier, outermost) regions dependent on diesel power. Nain Island, a 3T area, relies on a 200kW diesel plant operating 7 hours/day for 1004 households. This research aims to extend electricity services to 24 hours/day without extra fuel by integrating a 300 kWp photovoltaic (PV) plant with the existing diesel setup. Determining PV capacity considers parameters like diesel capacity, load profile, households, and outage rates. Implementing the PV plant encounters challenges due to limited land and hilly terrain. The solution proposes floating PV plant technology, globally successful and applicable in Indonesia. Placement on the northern coastal area of Nain Island, near the existing diesel plant, addresses land limitations. Detailed design considerations, including wave patterns, wind speed, and bathymetry, are crucial for successful implementation. Upon deployment, the system promises a substantial increase in electricity service without additional fuel consumption, leading to a reduction of 389 tons/year in CO2 emissions. This innovative approach aligns with global sustainability goals, showcasing the potential for renewable energy integration in remote areas and underscoring the significance of environmentally friendly solutions.

Ketahanan pangan merupakan salah satu syarat dari terbentuknya masyarakat yang mandiri dan sejahtera. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan guna menyukseskan ketahanan pangan adalah dengan melalui pengolahan lahan dengan sistem surjan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejarah dan kemunculan sistem surjan, mekanisme sistem surjan dan implikasinya terhadap ketahanan pangan. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi kepustakaan/literatur. Hasil kajian menunjukkan 1) Sistem Surjan merupakan sistem pengolahan lahan dengan membuat kledokan dan guludan. 2) sistem surjan diaplikasikan di lahan persawahan daerah pesisir untuk memanfaatkan pengairan. 3) Sistem Surjan turut mendukung ketahanan pangan.

This research aims to describe the mathematical communication skills in writing of junior high school students in grade VIII in solving the problems of Theorem Pythagoras. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects of this study numbered 31 students and were categorized in groups of very high, high, medium, low and very low female students. The results showed that students who had mathematical communication skills in a very high group were students who were very able to meet the four indicators tested with an average percentage of 83%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the high group are students who are able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 70%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the moderate group are students who are sufficiently able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 51%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the lower group were students who were less able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 32%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the very low group were students who had not been able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 17%.

Organic inhibitors in the corrosion process could be obtained from water hyacinth plant. This plant contained antioxidants such as saponins, which could bind to protective metals from corrosion. The objective of this study was to observe the corrosion rate degradation in rainwater and tap water with saponin content of water hyacinth extract with novelty of using methanol in the maceration process. The sample: methanol ratio used in the maceration process was 1 : 9 (w/v). Steel testing was carried out for 5 days in rainwater and tap water. Based on the test results, the saponin content in the water hyacinth extract could be proven by the stability of the foam produced. The experimental results showed a corrosion rate escalation in tap water samples from 47.7% to 94.5% and samples in rainwater from 11.3% to 52.9% at 75 ppm inhibitor concentration. Based on the research, water hyacinth extract using methanol solvent could be used as a corrosion inhibitor.

ABSTRAK Kesalahan GPS (Global Positioning System) dalam menentukan titik koordinat dipengaruhi faktor terhalang oleh bangunan, kondisi cuaca, dan hal lain yang dapat mengurangi akurasi dari GPS. Penelitian ini, digunakan tapis Kalman untuk meminimalisir kesalahan pada alat GPS tipe BN-220 ketika menentukan jarak. Tapis Kalman dirancang dengan dua tahapan yaitu proses prediksi dan koreksi. Pada tahap prediksi, data mentah dari koordinat akan diihitung varian kesalahannya dengan mengatur matriks Q. Kemudian, pada tahap koreksi dilakukan perbaikan dengan menentukan penguatan Kalman berdasarkan matriks R dan hasilnya digunakan untuk mengestimasi data keluaran. Berdasarkan pengujian pada delapan titik uji, diperoleh bahwa penggunaan tapis Kalman menghasilkan rata-rata selisih kesalahan sekitar 5,27% terhadap Google Maps jika dibandingkan dengan tanpa tapis Kalman sebesar 7,56%. Kata kunci: GPS BN-220, tapis Kalman, Haversine, Google Maps  ABSTRACT GPS (Global Positioning System) error in determining the coordinates is influenced by factors obstructed by buildings, weather conditions, and other things that can reduce the accuracy of GPS. In this study, the Kalman filter was used to minimize errors in the BN-220 type GPS device when determining the distance. Kalman filter is designed with two stages, namely the prediction and correction process. In the prediction stage, the raw data from the coordinates will be calculated for the error variance by adjusting the Q matrix. Then, in the correction stage, improvements are made by determining the Kalman gain based on the R matrix and the results are used to estimate the output data. Based on testing at eight test points, it was found that the use of the Kalman filter resulted in an average error difference of around 5.27% against Google Maps when compared to without the Kalman filter of 7.56%. Keywords: GPS BN-220, Kalman filter, Haversine, Google Maps

Abstract: The increase in the population impacts the increasing demand for food and non-food. Hence, to fulfill non-food needs, agricultural food land is converted into non-agricultural. It affected the carrying capacity of food agriculture. This paper aimed to analyze changes in the carrying capacity of food agriculture and the factors that influence the carrying capacity of food agriculture in the Kulon Progo Regency. This study used a descriptive-quantitative approach with spatial-temporal analysis techniques on secondary data, including population, rice field area, and rice field productivity for 2011, 2015, and 2019. The results showed that in 2011 Kulon Progo Regency could not be self-sufficient in food. However, in 2015, the research area had a great carrying capacity for food agriculture and continues to increase. This increase was influenced by the addition of rice fields and increased productivity. On the other hand, the reduction of rice fields decreased the productivity of rice fields, and the increase in the population led to a decrease in the carrying capacity of food agriculture in the Nanggulan, Kalibawang, and Samigaluh Districts. The rice field area and the productivity of rice fields affect food availability, while the population affects food needs. This paper showed that land-use changes in agri-food land (rice field area and productivity of rice fields) and the number of populations resulted in changes in the carrying capacity of food agriculture. Keywords: Carrying capacity, land use change, food self-sufficiency, rice field, population growth

The purpose of this research is to discover the significance of the Ponan tradition for the advancement of accounting education. The study was carried out in Poto Village, Moyo Hilir District, Sumbawa Regency. Purposive Sampling was used to identify the informants under the study. Ethnographic method was used as a data analysis tool. The Ponan tradition is divided into three meanings: gratitude, kinship, and fertility. The implication can be used as a guideline when developing an accounting education curriculum based on local wisdom.

ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi daya keluaran listrik dari panel surya adalah posisi dan tingkat penyerapan sinar UV (Ultraviolet) dari matahari. Penggunaan aktuator motor servo untuk solar tracker membebani listrik yang dihasilkan dari pembangkit internal panel surya. Pada penelitian ini dirancang solar tracker menggunakan silinder pneumatik sebagai pengganti aktuator motor servo. Sedangkan, sensor UV digunakan untuk memantau sudut pergerakan matahari. Nilai error dan Δerror dari hasil pengolahan data sensor UV menjadi masukan bagi sistem pengambilan keputusan berbasis kendali fuzzy. Keluaran sistem pengambilan keputusan ini mengatur pergerakan posisi silinder pneumatik naik, turun, atau stop. Pengujian perangkat bekerja dengan baik, menghasilkan respon dinamik overshoot 5,3 % dan error steady state 1,6 %. Kata kunci: ultraviolet, pneumatik, fuzzy, overshoot, error ABSTRACT One of the factors that affect the electrical output power of solar panels is the position and the absorption level of UV (Ultraviolet) rays from the sun. The use of a servo motor actuator for solar trackers burdens the generated electricity from the solar panels internal generator. In this study, a solar tracker was designed using a pneumatic cylinder as a replacement for the servo motor actuator. While a UV sensor was used to monitor the angle of the sun’s movement. The error and Δerror values from UV sensor data processing results become an input for decision-making systems based on fuzzy control. The output of this decision-making system regulates the movement of the position of the pneumatic cylinder up, down, or stopping. The test device worked properly, resulting in a dynamic response overshoot of 5.3% and a steady-state error of 1.6%. Keywords: ultraviolet, pneumatic, fuzzy, overshoot, error

ABSTRAK Kawasan wisata Museum Karst Indonesia sebagai salah satu kawasan Kawasan Geopark UNESCO – Gunungsewu yang berada di Gebangharjo, Pracimantoro, merupakan salah satu objek wisata potensial yang berada di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Evaluasi untuk mencapai pariwisata yang berkelanjutan sangatlah penting meliputi dampak sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi perkembangan wisata yang ada di kawasan wisata Museum Karst Indonesia, mengkaji keterlibatan masyarakat dalam kegiatan pendukung wisata setempat, dan menganalisis dampak lingkungan dari adanya kawasan wisata Museum Karst Indonesia terhadap kondisi lingkungan fisik dan sosial ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Perolehan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, penyebaran kuesioner, dan wawancara. Hasil ditampilakan menggunakan analisis distribusi frekuensi terhadap skala likert. Perkembangan kawasan wisata MKI masih berada pada tahap awal perkembangan. Masyarakat Dusun Mudal masih sedikit yang terlibat dalam mendukung kegiatan wisata, seperti tenaga kerja, pedagang, penyedia jasa penginapan. Perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat dan kondisi lingkungan fisik di Dusun Mudal tidak begitu dirasakan (kecil). Kedepannya masih diperlukan upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat di sekitar kawasan wisata MKI dengan meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam kegiatan pendukung wisata. ABSTRACT Tourism area of Karst Museum of Indonesia as apart of UNESCO Global Geopark Gunungsewu located in Gebangharjo, Pracimantoro is one of tourism object of Wonogiri Regency. Evaluation to achieve a sustaibable tourism is important, involve the social, economic, and environmental impact. The purpose of this research are to analize the development in the tourism area of Karst Museum of Indonesia, to study the activities of the community in supporting tourism activities in Karst Tourism Area of Indonesia Museum, and to analyze the impact of the Karst Indonesia Museum's tourism on the physical social and economic condition of the local community. Data was collected by observation technique, questionnaire distribution, and interview. The result analized by frequency distribution analysis of likert scale questionnaire. The results show that the development of tourist areas is still at an early stage of development. The Mudal community is still a bit involved in supporting tourism activities, such as labor, traders. Transformation in socio-economic and environmental conditions in Mudal Village are in small impact category. In the future still needed efforts to improve the community around the tourist area of MKI by increasing community involvement in tourism support activities.

Kelayakan usahatani secara finansial harus menjadi perhatian yang sangat penting dalam kebijakan pembangunan pertanian. Hal ini terjadi karena kelayakan usahatani menentukan besarnya nilai keuntungan finansial yang diterima petani. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: pertama mengetahui kondisi sosial-demografi dan ekonomi petani padi; kedua menganalisis kondisi finansial usahatani padi yang mencakup biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan atau keuntungan usahatani padi; dan ketiga menganalisis kelayakan usahatani padi dan pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan petani di Desa Margoluwih Kecamatan Seyegan. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 petani yang diambil secara random sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari instatsi pemerintah. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya variasi kondisi sosial-ekonomi dan demografi petani, sedangkan hasil analisis finansial menemukan adanya variasi biaya usahatani menurut luas lahan dan variasi penerimaan atau pendapatan menurut perbedaan hasil produksi dan biaya. Sementara itu, berdasarkan analisis kelayakan usahatani padi dengan R/C ratio maupun dengan B/C ratio menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan usahatani padi masih layak dan secara signifikan nilai kelayakan tersebut berpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan yang diterima petani. Financial feasibility of farming must be a very important concern in agricultural development policy.This happens because the feasibility of farming determines the value of financial benefits received by farmers. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim to; firstly knowing the socio-demographic and economic conditions of rice farmers; the second analyzes the financial condition of rice farming which includes the cost, revenue and income or profits from rice farming; and third, analyzing the feasibility of rice farming and its effect on farmers' income in Margoluwih Village of Seyegan District. The total sample of 90 farmers taken by random sampling. Primary data was collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire, while secondary data is collected from government agencies. Data is presented in tabular form and analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results of the study found variations in the socio-economic and demographic conditions of farmers, whereas the results of financial analysis found variations in farming costs according to land area and variations in revenue or income according to differences in production results and costs. Meanwhile, based on the feasibility analysis of rice farming with R/C ratio and with the B/C ratio shows that rice farming activities are still feasible and significantly the feasibility value has a positive effect on the income received by farmers.

The dry port (or land port) is an inland area or an intermodal port directly connected to a seaport. Cikarang Dry Port, as one of the best performing dry ports among other dry ports in Indonesia, only contributes 18% of the loading and unloading volume at Tanjung Priok port. This study examines the effect of supply chain collaboration and service stakeholder engagement on Dry Port Company's performance. The data collected from a questionnaire. The 55 responses from employees of Cikarang dry port and a logistics company in Jakarta. The hypothesis was tested by multiple regression. This study confirms that government regulation and Stakeholder Commitment positively impact the performance of port companies. The study inspires managers to recognize the positive results of government regulation practice among stakeholder engagement organizations to improve port performance in port supply chains.

Pasirkratonkramat Sub-District is located in West Pekalongan District, Pekalongan City, Central Java, Indonesia. This location has been affected by tidal floods since 2016. Tidal floods have caused a decrease in environmental quality. The method used for this research is a descriptive survey research with an ecological approach. This paper presents the quality of the biophysical environment and social quality. The biophysical environment consists of water quality, soil quality, air quality. The water quality showed that Pollution Index (PI) of surface water is 5,15 (medium pollution), PI of Clean water (Residents’ well waters) is 5,09 (medium pollution) and PI of Clean Water is 2,20 (light pollution). Water quality analyzed by parameters Electrical Conductivity, Salinity, BOD, COD, Total Phosphate as P, Chrome (Cr) (VI), Copper Cu, Nitrite as N, Free chlorine, Sulfur as H2S, Oil and fat, Detergent as MBAS, Fecal Coliform, Total Coliform, Chloride, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Water hardness (CaCO3), and Organic substance (KMnO4). The soil of quality decreased because of inundating sea water, the chemical and physical composition cannot support paddy or plants to grow, even they cannot survive because of salinity and decreasing minerals. The air quality showed that the average Temperature Humidity Index (THI) is 28.74 which mean that 100% of subjects feel uncomfortable. Meanwhile the social quality consists of various activities.

Pekalongan City, particularly North Pekalongan District, lies adjacently to the Java Sea. This situation shapes the vulnerability of the District to tidal floods, which have been occurring since 2005. Tidal floods negatively affect the community, as well as the inundated environment. Since 2016, the flooding has reached the areas in Pekalongan Barat District, especially Pasirkratonkramat Sub-District. It affected 1,435 households distributed in 13 Community Units. This research analyzed the community perception of the quality of the environment inundated by tidal floods, including the biophysical and the socio-economic environments. It used questionnaire and performed interviews with 93 heads of household as the respondents, as well as field observation that produced qualitative data of environmental quality. The results of this research presented the tidal flood-affected community’s perception of environmental quality, which was determined by education, income, and length of residence in tidal flood-prone locations. Furthermore, the results of community’s perception of environmental quality analyses using measuring instruments and statistical tests, i.e., chi-square test and binary logistic regression, supported the research analysis.

Indragiri Hilir Regency is one of the regencies located in Riau Province which has a population of 658,025 thousand in 2022. The population consists of several groups ranging from children, adolescents, adults and the elderly. Indragiri Hilir Regency has three regional public hospitals, namely the Puri Husada Tembilahan Hospital, the Tenku Sulung Pulau Kijang Hospital, and the Raja Musa Sungai Guntung Hospital. Each hospital has official statistics consisting of sectoral data according to the data owned by the hospital. This study aims to show and analyze the existing official statistics and create an official statistics model for analysis of population sectoral data in health analysis. The method used is explanatory method and descriptive statistical analysis method and descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this study show that every regional public hospital in Indragiri Hilir Regency has official statistics which consist of sectoral data owned by the agency, the official statistics model is the answer to become a reference in carrying out sectoral data analysis for policy making in the field of analysis health.

One of the purposes of the inclusion of antibiotics in the ration is to improve production efficiency. Betel leaves are medicinal herbs containing essential oil which can be used as natural antibiotics. This research aimed to examine the effect of giving betel leaf extract and betel leaf flour on quail egg production. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was used. Treatments consisted of basal ration (P0), the inclusion of betel leaf meal (BLM) in ration by 1% (P1), the inclusion of dried betel leaf extract (DBLE) in ration by 0.5% (P2) and 1% (P3). The results showed that the inclusion of betel leaf extract and flour did not affect egg production, feed intake, and egg mass. But it improved the feed conversion ratio.

This research aims to provide input to the Government in creating a National Entrepreneurship Development Policy in the Government Development Plan through the KEMENKOPUKM. The research method used in this research is the Research and Development (R&D) method through Focus Group Discussions with 59 universities that are members of APSKI. The result of this research is that APSKI encourages the Entrepreneurship Study Program to carry out entrepreneurial branding and make entrepreneurial growth one of the Main Activity Indicators. Incubators on campus are the primary means of implementing an independent learning campus so that lectures and practice can run well. The Entrepreneur Hub initiated by KEMENKOPUKM is a super application that is a forum for the growth and development of the APSKI ecosystem to encourage its members to submit data on campus-assisted entrepreneurs through the Entrepreneur Hub so that the policies prepared are more measurable and accountable. APSKI members also contribute to the entrepreneurship hub by following its entrepreneurship education function and strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem and business partnerships.

Seedling growth in the nursery and early field performance of three fast-growing tree species from the Rubiaceae family, i.e., white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba), red jabon (Neolamarckia macrophylla, and gempol (Nauclea orientalis), were tested by using different seedling media and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatments in the nursery and mixed-species field tests. The experiment design in the nursery and field test was laid out following a split-split plot design of a randomized complete block with four replications. The main factors were tree species, the sub-factors were seedling media, and the sub-sub factors consisted of the AMF inoculation, with a mixed species planting pattern. White jabon had a more dominant growth both at the seedling level in the nursery and at the field test level until the age of 2 years, followed by gempol and red jabon. AMF inoculation in those three species at the seedling level was strongly influenced by the characteristics of the seedling media like media with high fertility levels resulting in a very low percentage of AMF colonization. In the field trial, all tree species and treatments were infected with mycorrhizae with colonization percentages ranging from 27.6% to 57.7%, which was suspected to be an infection from native AMF in the planting site. The AMF application had a significant effect on the percentage of colonization and tree diameter growth of 2-year-olds with a percentage increase of 14.4% and 8.4%, respectively.

Container and bare-root seedlings are the two basic stock types used in reforestation programs in many countries, but in the tropics, bare-root seedlings have never been widely applied. The objective of this research was to assess the possibility of bare-root seedlings for tropical forest and landscape restoration treated by fertilization in the nursery and aquasorb treatment using two forest tree species, i.e., Calophyllum inophyllum and Gmelina arborea. A randomized block design was used to assess the seedling performance in nursery and aquasorb application on bare-root seedlings and container (polybag) seedlings as a comparison. This research indicated that NPK fertilization in the nursery was able to increase the seedling growth of C. inophyllum and G. arborea. In the field test, polybag seedlings had better survival and growth than bare-root seedlings. The best survival and growth in both species were shown by the polybag seedling with fertilization and aquasorb treatment. The treatment also increased the bare-root seedling growth in both species. Bare-root seedlings of C. calophyllum resulted in higher seedling survival than bare-root seedlings of G. arborea. The application of bare-root seedling on C. inophyllum is more prospective to be applied in the tropics.

Daya dukung lahan pertanian merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam menentukan keberlanjutan pertanian. Hal ini terjadi karena tanpa adanya dukungan lahan pertanian maka keberlanjutan pertanian tidak akan dapat dipertahankan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji daya dukung lahan pertanian dan keberlanjutan pertanian di Desa Duren Kecamatan Bandungan Semarang. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 92 rumahtangga tani secara random sampling. Data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Pengukuran daya dukung lahan pertanian dilakukan secara kuantitatif, sedangkan pengukuran keberlanjutan pertanian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan skala likerts dan dianalisis dengan metode kuartil (Q). Hasil analisis daya dukung lahan pertanian menunjukkan bahwa lahan pertanian tidak lagi mendukung terhadap kehidupan petani, namun dari sisi keberlanjutannya masih menunjukkan tinggi. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil analisis keberlanjutan pertanian, dari 5 (lima) dimensi keberlanjutan, hanya 1 (satu) dimensi yang tergolong rendah yaitu dimensi sosal, sedangkan dimensi ekonomi, dimensi lingkungan, dimensi kelembagaan dan dimensi teknologi masih tergolong tinggi dalam mendukung keberlanjutan pertanian. Carrying capacity of agricultural land is one important component in determining agricultural sustainability. This happens because without the carrying capacity of agricultural land, the sustainability of agriculture will not be maintained. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim for analyze the carrying capacity of agricultural land and agricultural sustainability in the Duren Village Bandungan District, Semarang. The number of samples taken was 92 farming households by random sampling. Data consists of primary data and secondary data. Measurement of the carrying capacity of agricultural land is done quantitatively, while the measurement of agricultural sustainability is done qualitatively with a Likerts scale and analyzed by the quartile (Q) method. The results of the analysis of the carrying capacity of agricultural land indicate that agricultural land no longer supports the lives of farmers, but in terms of sustainability it still shows high. This can be seen from the results of the analysis of agricultural sustainability, from 5 (five) dimensions of sustainability, only 1 (one) dimension which is classified as low namely social dimension, while the economic dimension, environmental dimension, institutional dimension and technological dimension are still relatively high in supporting agricultural sustainability.

Di satu sisi migrasi penduduk dari desa ke kota telah mampu merubah nilai socio-culture dan sistem ekonomi keluarga, namun di sisi lain telah menyebabkan lansia hidup terpisah dari anggota keluarganya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk; (1) mengkaji proses perubahan socio-culture dan economic separation yang terjadi pada keluarga lansia; (2) menganalisis kondisi kehidupan sosial-demografi dan ekonomi lansia dalam kondisi spatial separation; dan (3) menganalisis pengaruh perubahan socio-culture dan economic separation terhadap kehidupan lansia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Tileng Kecamatan Girisubo dengan mengambil sampel keluarga lansia. Sampel diambil secara random sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari instatsi pemerintah. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi dan tabel silang, kemudian dianalisis secara deskripssi kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa proses perubahan socio-culture diawali dari proses perubahan pendidikan anggota keluarga dan perubahan padangan lansia terhadap nilai-nilai socio-culture, sedangkan proses economic separation diawali dari proses perubahan aktivitas ekonomi tradsional menjadi ekonomi modern pada keluarga lansia. Penelitian ini juga menemukan kondisi kehidupan lansia yang tercemin dari kondisi sosial-demografi dan ekonomi dalam kondisi spatial separation cukup beragam. Temuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah perubahan socio-culture dan economic separation pada keluarga lansai berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kehidupan lansia yang terpisah dari anggota keluargnya.

Mandor Village has developed as a tradisional gold mining area since years ago. It involved activities that have led to extreme land condition and the release of mining residues, i.e., mercury, to the soils. The study examined the potential of soil bacteria as mercury bioremediation agent based on their population and activity in former mines with different ages. The bacterial population was measured by isolating soil bacteria on solid media using the pour plate method, and the colonies were enumerated during the incubation. The Nutrient Agar (NA) medium was used to obtain the total population, whereas the Salt Base Solution (SBS) was to determine the presence of mercury-tolerant bacteria. The addition of HgCl2 affected the number of the colonies. The colony only grew until the concentration of HgCl2 reached 5 mg/l, and the total colony was larger in older mines. The observation of bacterial activity showed that biotransformation performance was lower when the concentration of mercury was the same as its natural presence in soils (0.1-0.5 mg/l) compared with higher mercury level (1 mg/l). The research showed that lower mercury concentrations in nature reduced the natural ability of bacteria to transform pollutants. This study provides information that can assist the development of a technological approach to control mercury pollution in former traditional gold mines in an environmentally friendly manner using indigenous soil bacteria.

Settlements in urban areas expand as the population grows and are influenced by growth centres. This research was designed to identify the quality of informal settlements along abandoned railwaytracks in the Majalaya District, an industrial centre in Bandung Regency, Jawa Barat Province, Indonesia. A quantitative method was employed, with proportional random sampling and the use of both primary and secondary data. The primary data referred to the conditions of the slum areas, while the secondary data were images, Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) documents and RTRW maps. The quantitative analysis employed scoring through slum settlement assessment indicators, while spatial analysis was supported by regional data. The results from the research show that although housing construction quality varies, most settlements are illegal and prone to flooding, fire, and contagious diseases. The research should be beneficial for the government in promoting and implementing slum eradication programmes in urban areas.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh struktur kepemilikan dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap pengungkapan manajemen risiko industri perbankan di Indonesia. Pengukuran variabel dependen yaitu pengungkapan manajemen risiko dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada surat edaran Bank Indonesia No 14/35/DPNP tahun 2012 tentang isi laporan tahunan bank umum dan laporan tahunan tertentu yang disampaikan kepada Bank Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2013-2017. Sampel ditentukan berdasarkan tekhnik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 32 perusahaan dengan 160 data obesevasi. Uji pada hipotesis dilakukan dengan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepemilikan manajemen berpengaruh negatif dan tidak siginifikan terhadap pengungkapan manajemen risiko, kepemilikan asing dan ukuran komite audit berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan, selanjutnya variabel kepemilikan publik dan ukuran komisaris independen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan manajemen risiko

Abstrak Petani dalam memanfaatkan lahan pertanian selalu berhadapan dengan ketidakpastian. Di sisi lain petani juga harus mempertimbangkan berbagai jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan agar tidak gagal panen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: (1) mengindentifikasi jenis ketidakpastian yang sering dihadapi petani dalam memanfaatkan lahan pertanian; dan (2) menganalisis pengaruh ketidakpastian terhadap pertimbangan petani dalam menentukan jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan petani, sedangkan data sekunder dari beberapa instansi terkait. Pengukuran ketidakpastian dilakukan menggunakan metode skala likerts. Analisis data di lakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya keragaman jenis ketidakpastian yang selalu dihadapi petani dalam pemanfaatan lahan pertanian dan ketidakpastian tersebut telah dijadikan dasar oleh petani untuk mempertimbangan jenis komoditi yang akan diusahakan. Abstract Farmers in utilizing agricultural land always faced with uncertainty. On the other hand, farmers should also consider various types of commodities which will be endeavored that no crop failure. Based on the above, the research is conducted with the objectives: (1) to identify the kinds of uncertainties often faced by farmers in utilizing agricultural land for farming activities; (2) to analyzes the influence of uncertainty on the consideration of farmers in determining the type of commodity to be cultivated. The data collected consist of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interview with farmer while secondary data from several related institutions. Measurement of uncertainty is done using likerts scale method. Data analysis is done descriptively qualitative. The results of the study found that the diversity of types of uncertainty often faced by farmers in agricultural land use and the uncertainty has been used as a basis by farmers to consider the types of commodities to be cultivated.

Abstract: The professional Attitude of a teacher is very necessary for the face of education in this global era. The task of the teacher is not only teaching but also educate, nurture, guide and shape the personality of the student. Mistakes teachers in understanding the profession will result in the shifting of the teacher function slowly. The relationship between teachers and students who need each other turns into a relationship of mutually indifferent, not blissful and boring. The professionalism of teachers is determined by behavior, will and capabilities on condition that Prime. Professionalisation should be viewed as a continuous process, so that the attitude and professional teachers actually formed in this process, pre-service education, educational upgrading, including in his coaching from professional organizations and the workplace, the society against the profession of teacher training, enforcement of the code of ethics of the profession, certification, improved quality of prospective teachers, rewards, etc collectively determine a person including professional development of teachers. This article presents an attempt discussion space for educators, prospective educators, and related parties in order to better understand, implement, and develop attitudes and behavior in the world of education through good example in mind, speech, and action. Keywords: Professional, Teacher, Education, Global Era

Rice farming in swamps, a marginal land, has a relatively high risk related to the level of technical efficiency. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the level of technical efficiency and the influence factors of technical inefficiency in Lakbok Subdistrict, Ciamis District, Indonesia. Simple random sampling was used with a sample size of 41 farmers. The analysis was carried out using a stochastic frontier function. The results showed that the average level of technical efficiency was 0.78. Education and family size have a significant effect on technical inefficiency.

The engulfing COVID-19 pandemic in various regions affected various sectors, one of which was the Indonesian tourism sector. The policy of social restrictions and travel restrictions led to a decrease in tourists at almost all tourist attractions. The purpose of this study is to identify the type of economic value generated by Gemah Beach tourism objects during the Covid-19 pandemic and evaluate the total economic value generated by Gemah Beach tourism objects during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research method uses a survey method by taking a sample of a number of tourists, business people, managers of Gemah Beach tourism objects. The type of data collected consists of primary data and secondary data. The economic valuation method is used to calculate the total economic value of the Gemah Beach tourism object obtained from direct use value, indirect use value, preferred use value, existence value, and bequest value. Data analysis used descriptive quantitative. The results of the study still found various types of economic activities carried out by business actors at the Gemah Beach tourism object during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the government’s social and economic restrictions. Meanwhile, based on the results of the economic valuation of the Gemah Beach tourism object during the COVID-19 pandemic, a total economic value of IDR 28,131,949,529 was obtained. The total economic value, according to tourism managers, is lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic due to activity restrictions and a decrease in the number of visitors. Optimizing the economic and natural potential of the Gemah Beach tourist attraction with the fulfillment of facilities and infrastructure in accordance with the COVID-19 health protocol can be used as a strategy in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic so that the tourism industry can continue to grow.

Fluviomarine rice field is a type of agricultural land resulting from past marine activity processes with alluvium deposition material. This study specifically discusses the productivity of the rice field agricultural system by linking the physical components of the land based on the characteristics of geomorphological conditions (physiography, soil type, elevation contour, slope, and land use) with social interactions by local farmers. This study wants to analyze the productivity of the fluviomarine rice field farming system on agricultural income in Mojowarno village. This study uses 72 households data sample with the cluster random sampling method, which is based on the fluviomarine form cluster unit. The data analysis used a descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of this study are the fluviomarin rice fields farming system inMojowarno Village is a rainfed farming system with a planting frequency of only 2 times a year. Meanwhile, the average productivity of the land was only 5,307 tons /hectar, while the average income received by farmers was only Rp 5,879,631.00 /year. The regression statistical test results show that farmers’ income is significantly influenced by land productivity. This study is expected to be used as a reference in preparing the development strategy for increasing farmer’s income.

Collaboration is an important skill for a teacher. Prospective teachers' perceptions about collaboration must be explored to discover their collaboration skills before becoming a teacher. This research aims to determine prospective biology teachers' perceptions regarding collaboration in their teacher preparation program. The study uses a mixed-method approach with an explanatory design. This research uses a survey instrument to obtain quantitative data and semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative data. A total of 73 prospective biology teacher students were involved in this research. Data were analyzed using a mixed-method approach with explanatory design. The research results show that students have an expert level of collaboration. The gender factor does not significantly influence collaboration, but females have a higher overall score than males. Prospective biology teacher students have been able to define collaboration well, but their definition is not yet in-depth. Prospective biology teacher students have realized the importance of having collaboration skills to support their careers. The recommendation in this research is to develop an appropriate training model to train the collaboration skills of prospective biology teacher students.

ABSTRAK Penetapan Kecamatan Mejayan sebagai ibu kota Kabupaten Madiun mendorong perkembangan wilayah Kecamatan Mejayan semakin cepat. Hal ini ditunjukan oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan lahan terbangun, sehingga mendorong terjadinya konversi lahan pertanian yang intensif. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tujuan yang hendak dicapai adalah :1) mengkaji dampak konversi lahan pertanian terhadap kondisi lingkungan lahan pertanian serta kondisi sosial ekonomi petani; 2) mengkaji bentuk strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan petani dalam menghadapi konversi lahan pertanian; 3) mengkaji pengaruh konversi lahan terhadap strategi adaptasi petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel secara proporsional dari masing masing-masing status petani. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 96 responden terdiri dari 46 responden petani pemilik lahan, 31 responden petani penggarap, 19 responden buruh tani. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer berupa kuisioner dan wawancara mendalam serta data sekunder dari instansi terkait. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan uji statistik chi kuadrat dan koefisien kontigensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konversi lahan pertanian di Kecamatan Mejayan berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan lahan sawah, antara lain semakin berkurangnya lahan usahatani, kerusakan saluran irigasi, serta menurunnya kesuburan tanah akibat sampah rumahtangga. Terdapat perbedaan bentuk strategi adaptasi dari masing-masing rumahtangga petani diantaranya 56,5 % pemilik lahan menerapkan strategi akumulasi, 87,1 % petani pengarap menerapkan strategi konsolidasi dan 84,2% dari buruh tani menerapkan strategi survival. Faktor kondisi sosial ekonomi dengan nilai koefisien kontigensi 0,557 dan kepemilikan aset dengan nilai koefisien kontigensi 0,462 berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap bentuk strategi adaptasi petani, di antara kedua faktor tersebut status kondisi sosial ekonomi lebih kuat pengaruhnya terhadap bentuk strategi adaptasi petani. ABSTRACT The determination district of Mejayan to be capital city of Madiun regency encourages the fast development of district Mejayan. It is evidenced by the increasing needs of undeveloped land, so that encourage the intensive conversion of agricultural land. According to the situations, there are two goals to be reached: 1) to assess the impact of the conversion agricultural land to the environmental condition of agricultural land as well as socio-economic conditions of farmers; 2) to analyze what strategies adaptation of the farmers in facing the conversion of agricultural land; 3) to analyze the effect of conversion land to the farmer adaptation strategies. This study has a survey method by taking a proportional sampling of each farmer status individually. The total samples of 96 respondents are 46 respondent peasant land owners, tenant farmers 31 respondents, and 19 respondents laborer. The data use consists of primary data, in a questionnaires and in-depth interviews, then secondary data from relevant agencies. Methods of data analysis use a quantitative descriptive analysis, the chi squared test and contingency coefficient. The results show conversion of agricultural land in the district of Mejayan has a negative effect to the wetland environment, such as the less land farming, irrigation canals damage, and declining soil fertility due to household waste. There are different adaptation strategy of each farm household; 56.5% land owner applying accumulation strategies, 87.1% of tenant farmers implementing consolidation strategies and 84.2% of farm workers applying survival strategies. The condition of socio-economic with contingency coefficient value 0.557 and the ownership assets with a contingency coefficient value 0,462 influence really to the farmer adaptation strategies, in both factors status socio economic condition give a stronger influence to the form of farmer adaptation strategies.

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi calon transmigran briefing dan pergerakan target di daerah asal; dan untuk menilai prosedur dan memberikan informasi bimbingan teknis kepada calon transmigran. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini calon transmigran sampel dari beberapa lokasi di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul. Metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara langsung dengan calon transmigrasi dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan beberapa tokoh masyarakat, pejabat pemerintah desa, desa, pilar lingkungan, pilar warga dan beberapa masyarakat umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penilai transmigran kandidat untuk mengikuti program transmigrasi masih sangat tinggi, namun fakta menunjukkan bahwa calon transmigran potensial masih belum seperti yang diharapkan, terutama yang berkaitan dengan latar belakang pendidikan, keterampilan akuisisi, kepemilikan dan keluarga aset perilaku bergerak. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa prosedur dan penjangkauan informasi masih ada beberapa kelemahan, terutama terkait dengan sosialisasi program transmigrasi melalui berbagai media komunikasi masih kurang sehingga informasi yang tidak dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. ABSTRACT The goal of this research are to analyze the potential transmigrant candidates briefing and movement of the target in the area of origin; and to assess procedures and providing technical guidance information to candidates transmigrant. To achieve this objective sampling transmigrate candidates from several locations in the area of the Bantul District. Method of collecting data through direct interviews with transmigration candidates and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with several community leaders, village government officials, village, neighborhood pillars, pillars of residents and some of the general public. The results showed that appraises transmigrates candidate to follow the transmigration program still very high, but the facts show that the transmigrate candidates potential still not as expected, primarily related to educational background, skill acquisition, ownership and family assets are immobile behavior. The results also indicate that the procedures and outreach information there are still some weaknesses, particularly related to the socialization of the transmigration program through various media rmation can not be accepted by the public.