78 results on '"Sudirman Yahya"'
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2. EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN RADIASI MATAHARI DAN PARTISI BAHAN KERING BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT PADA BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR
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Adinda Nurul Huda Manurung, Suwarto Suwarto, Sudirman Yahya, and Budi Nugroho
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karbohidrat, partisi, pembibitan utama, produktivitas ,Agriculture - Abstract
Peningkatan produktivitas kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan cahaya matahari dan partisi bahan kering. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh berbagai dosis pemupukan N dan P terhadap efisiensi penggunaan cahaya matahari dan partisi karbohidrat bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan utama. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan leuwikopo IPB, Bogor pada bulan April 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok non faktorial dengan lima ulangan yang terdiri atas 2 percobaan terpisah. Percobaan I terdiri atas lima taraf perlakuan pemupukan N (0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, dan 200%). Percobaan II terdiri atas lima taraf perlakuan pemupukan P (0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, dan 200%). Pemberian pupuk N dan P menyebabkan perbedaan pada nilai LUE dan partisi bibit kelapa sawit. Nilai LUE bibit kelapa sawit umur 3-6, 6-9 dan 9-12 bulan adalah 0,97 g MJ-1, 0,69 g MJ-1 dan 1,21 g MJ-1. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 6 bulan adalah 26%, 29%, 45%. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 9 bulan adalah 26%, 32%, 42%. Partisi bahan kering akar, petiole dan daun pada umur 12 bulan adalah 30%, 33%, 37%.
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- 2023
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3. PreciPalm: An Intelligent System for Calculating Macronutrient Status and Fertilizer Recommendations for Oil Palm on Mineral Soils Based on a Precision Agriculture Approach
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Kudang Boro Seminar, Harry Imantho, null Sudradjat, Sudirman Yahya, Sirojul Munir, Indra Kaliana, Fajar Mei Haryadi, Awalia Noor Baroroh, null Supriyanto, Gani Cahyo Handoyo, Arif Kurnia Wijayanto, Cecep Ijang Wahyudin, null Liyantono, Rhavif Budiman, Achmad Bakir Pasaman, Dwi Rusiawan, and null Sulastri
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Technology ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The measurement of the macronutrient values of an oil palm plantation is a complex and tedious task, particularly when dealing with large plantation areas. This situation complicates the process of the conventional measurement of nutrients by taking samples of oil palm leaves in the area being observed, causing delays in fertilizer recommendation and a lack of spatial diversity observation. Precision agriculture (PA) principles and approaches, which focus on assessing temporal and spatial variability, can be used to improve conventional measurement methods in terms of both accuracy and speed. This research aims to determine macronutrients, specifically nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents in oil palm leaves based on PA principles using the integration of remote sensing technology and machine learning to quickly obtain the macronutrient status from oil palm plantation areas. The Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-2A imagery data were analyzed and extracted to produce selected features, which are most influencing in the correlation between the imagery data and the leaf macronutrient values obtained from laboratory analysis. The random forest regression (RFR) model is used to produce correlation functions to compute macronutrient values. The use of the two satellites is to cope with cloud and smoke interference. The prototype system developed, named PreciPalm (Precision Agriculture Platform for Oil Palm), has been validated and implemented based on 2000 leaf sampling units representing several oil palm plantation areas in Indonesia, including Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan. The observed system performance resulted in the measurement accuracy of 95.02%, 93.50%, and 82.52% for the nutrients N, P, and K, respectively. The novelty of PreciPalm is that it provides an ecosystem to transparently measure and observe the macronutrient status of oil palm in a timely, visual, spatial, and location-specific manner, thereby improving oil palm nutritional management with more certainty and precision.
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- 2024
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4. Application of Empty Fruit Bunches of Oil Palm and Indigofera zollingeriana for Conservation of Oil Palm Plantation
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Saijo Saijo, Sudradjat Sudradjat, Sudirman Yahya, Yayat Hidayat, and Pienyani Rosawanti
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carbon stock ,indigofera zollingeriana ,microorganisms ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches are materials used as organic fertilizers that can be applied to oil palm plantations, thereby reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. Indigofera zollingeriana is an appropriate alternative as an interplant because of its high branch and leaf development. Functions as a ground cover and a supplier of carbon stocks naturally plays a role in water and soil conservation. This study aims to determine the effect of oil palm empty fruit bunches and I. zollingeriana on land improvement to support oil palm growth and production. Variables observed included changes in soil water content, soil microorganism activity, and carbon stock. The results showed that the soil planted with I. zollingeriana and given the empty fruit bunches of oil palm had a higher soil moisture content. The highest soil carbon stock, oil palm carbon stock, and vegetation carbon stock were 81.6 t ha-1, 36.60 t ha-1, and 1.89 t ha-1, respectively. The population and activity of microorganisms varies. The highest total microorganisms were treated with I. zollingeriana and oil palm EFB 105 (10⁵CFU g-1), while the lowest was 60 (10⁵CFU g-1). Planting I. zollingeriana and providing oil palm empty fruit bunches increased groundwater reserves by 36.71%.
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- 2022
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5. The Application of Filter Cake Compost to Improve The Efficiency of Inorganic Fertilizer in Upland Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Cultivation
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Dharend Lingga Wibisana, Purwono Purwono, and Sudirman Yahya
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compost ,efficiency ,internode ,ps 881 ,yield ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
The production of sugarcane in 2018 decreased due to the change in the cultivation method from lowland to upland. This research aimed to study the responses of growth and yield of two sugarcane varieties to the application of filter cake compost and inorganic fertilizer in upland sugarcane cultivation. This experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design consisting of three-factors, which were sugarcane varieties, the levels of filter cake compost, and the rates of inorganic fertilizer, assigned to the main plot, sub-plot, and sub-sub plots, respectively. The two sugarcane varieties were PS 881 and PS 862. The three levels of filter cake compost were 0, 5, 10 tons ha-1, and the four rates of inorganic fertilizers (percent of recommended dosage) were 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results showed that the growth and yield of PS 862 was better than that of PS 881, shown in the plant height, stem diameter, number of stems, and the length of internodes. The use of filter cake compost at a dose of 5 tons ha-1 was more efficient, and it could provide an efficiency of 0.097 tons per kg of cane at a dose of 76.76% inorganic fertilizer. Yet, it cannot reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer in producing sugarcane yield.
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- 2020
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6. ANALYSIS OF CAUSATIVE FACTORS FOR CANKER DISEASE EPIDEMIC ON RUBBEr PLANTS IN SOUTH SUMATRA
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Tri Rapani Febbiyanti, Suryo Wiyono, Sudirman Yahya, and Widodo Widodo
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principal component analysis ,stem canker ,rubber ,lasiodiplodia theobromae ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Analysis of Causative Factors for Canker Disease Epidemic on Rubber Plants in South Sumatra. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is the cause of stem canker in the rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis), this is a new disease and has never been reported in Indonesia. Currently, data on environmental factors and cultivation techniques related to the development of stem canker are not available so research needs to be done on this subject. The objective of the study was to analyze environmental factors and cultivation techniques related to stem canker on rubber trees in southern Sumatra. The study was conducted by collecting data on environmental factors and cultivation techniques and then analyzed the association with stem canker. Field observation was carried out at 21 locations in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII Business Unit Padang Plawi Bengkulu, Tulung Buyut Lampung, Musilandas Palembang and Experimental Garden of Sembawa Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute at Palembang to measure the severity and incidence of this disease. Besides that, the data of cultivation technique and the condition of the garden were taken from the officer at those locations. Soil sample from each location was taken in a composite way, then its physical and chemical components were analyzed. The analysis was conducted to find out the correlation between cultivation and disease severity using chi-square test. The relationship between chemical and physical factors of the soil with the disease severity was analyzed using a multivariate test of principal component analysis/PCA. Regression analysis was conducted to show the possible relation to the incidence and severity of this disease. The location, clones, weed control and the number of plants per hectare showed a correlation with the disease severity. There was a positive correlation between incidence and severity of the disease. The highest disease severity occurred at the Sembawa location on clone BPM 24, with the number of plant population per ha was ≥ 555 trees and weed control using herbicide. Content of soil nitrogen, dust, clay and water as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC)were suggested to significantly contribute to the severity of stem canker.
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- 2019
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7. Plant Growth Performance of Top Grafted Young Cacao at Various Elevations in Indonesia
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Andi Besse Poleuleng, Herdhata Agusta, Sudirman Yahya, Ade Wachjar, and Aiyen Tjoa
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altitude ,biomass ,crown circle ,cacao root ,primary stem ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plant growth performance of top grafted young cacao cultivated in various elevations. This research was conducted from January-August 2019 in South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi. A total of 54 plants were taken randomly from 6 locations with 3 altitudes (600 meter above sea level, as.). The results showed that there was not significant different of plant height, stem circle, crown circle, the number of primary branches, the number of flowers, the length of horizontal and vertical roots in response to different elevations. However, the height of primary stem and leaves number of cacao from 600 m asl. The largest crown portion of actual biomass was found in the branches, then followed by the leaves and stem. While the highest actual root biomass was found at 10-20 cm soil depth.
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- 2020
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8. Morpho-Agronomical Diversity of Forest Clove in Moluccas, Indonesia
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Asri Subkhan Mahulette, Hariyadi Hariyadi, Sudirman Yahya, Ade Wachjar, and Ilyas Marzuki
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forest clove ,genetic diversity ,morpho-agronomical characters ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Forest clove (Zyzygium aromaticum) is a type of wild clove found in Moluccas. The increasing interest of farmers in cultivating this plant leads to complete their information of morpho-agronomical characteristics which could provide diversity reflecting morpho-agronomical their distribution areas. This study aimed to characterize the morpho-agronomical traits of Forest clove plants in Moluccas. By survey, Forest clove more than 15 year old tree totalling of 50 populations were observed their 54 morpho-agronomical characteristics in two areas (Ambon and Seram) from March to June 2018. Two aromatic cloves, namely Tuni and Zanzibar were used for comparative analysis. The results showed that Forest cloves had a similarity of 78% among the population and grouped into 3 groups with a morpho-agronomical variation of 22%. On the contrary, Forest cloves and comparators (Tuni and Zanzibar) had morpho-agronomical differences of 58%. Based on the main component analysis, there were 11 most influential characters of Forest cloves (leaf size index, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole length, flower length, diameter of flower tube, ripe flower weight, fruit length, fruit width, and fruit weight) which could be descriptors for this plant species.
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- 2019
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9. Morphological Traits of Maluku Native Forest Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr & Perry)
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Asri Subkhan Mahulette, Hariyadi Hariyadi, Sudirman Yahya, Ade Wachjar, and Anggra Alfian
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Ambon ,morphology ,flower development ,fruit formation ,wild-type clove ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
A study was conducted to study the morphology of the forest cloves groups based on their sizes of their leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds, and to determine their potential yield and optimize their production system. The research was conducted for six months from January until June 2018 in Ambon, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The research used a random sampling technique to > 15-year-old trees in productive clove forest maintained by the local farmer in Ambon. The observation and recording was conducted at several stages of clover growth, namely bud sprouting, flower bud, blooming, perianths and anthers senescence, unripe green and ripe fruits. Different size groups of forest cloves have significant differences in the duration of flower and fruit formation. Forest cloves with large leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds had quicker ripening process than the othersize groups, but their fruits were longer to ripen. Flower from the medium size group had the shortest duration to develop its flower and form its fruit, whereas the smallest type took the longest time in fruit formation process but the duration of fruit ripening was similar to those from large morphology. Among the three different sizes of forest cloves in Maluku, the trees with large leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds group are the best to be commercially developed due to its earliest time to harvest and large flower sizes. Forest cloves are best harvested when the flowers are fully matured, indicated by one or two flower buds from one inflorescence have bloomed.
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- 2019
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10. Adaptasi Tanaman Indigofera zollingeriana (Miquel 1855) (Leguminosae : Indigofereae) pada Berbagai Tingkat Naungan
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Saijo Saijo, Sudradjat, Sudirman Yahya, and Yayat Hidayat
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Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Indigofera zollingeriana is a bush type legume plant that grows well in full light but tolerant to shade conditions. Modification efforts of the environment with paranet shade treatment are the accurate approach. The objective of this research was to study the tolerance limit of I. zollingeriana plant at various shade levels. The study was conducted in October 2016-April 2017 at the Leuwikopo-IPB Bogor and used randomized block design with one shade factor (0, 40, 65, and 80%). The results of the measurement of microclimate with various shading levels showed that in the shade treatment 40%, the intensity of light decreased by 40% the temperature decreased by 6%, while the humidity increased by 10%. In the 65% shade, the light intensity decreased by 62%, the temperature decreased by 10%, while the humidity increased by 24%. In the 80% shade, the light intensity decreases 95%, the temperature decreases 13%, while the humidity increases 34%. The shade intensity has a real significant on decreasing stem diameter, number of branches, canopy dry weight, and roots. I. zollingeriana is rather tolerant of shade and it is able to adapt to shade up to 40%.
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- 2018
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11. THE APPLICATION OF PEATY MINERAL SOIL WATER IN IMPROVING THE ADAPTABILITY OF BLACK SOYBEAN TOWARD ALUMINIUM STRESS ON TIDAL MINERAL SOIL WITH SATURATED WATER CULTURE
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Hesti Pujiwati, Munif Ghulamahdi, Sudirman Yahya, Sandra Arifin Aziz, and Oteng Haridjaja
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aluminium tolerant ,ameliorant ,mineral soil ,Agriculture ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Soybean development in mineral soils of tidal land is hindered by aluminum toxicity. Modification of growing environment and the use of tolerant variety are feasible alternatives. The experiment was conducted with several objectives (1) to identify growth and yield of black soybean at depths of water table, (2) to identify growth and yield of black soybean as effected by application of ameliorants, (3) to identify growth and yield of black soybean, (4) to identify interaction between depth of water table, type of ameliorant, and black soybean variety. It also used mineral soils with watershed B type of tidal land in South Sumatera on May to August 2014. Factors investigated were depth of water table (10 and 20 cm), (Tanggamus – as control, Cikuray, Ceneng) and ameliorant type (river water, peaty mineral soil water, and high-tide water). These factors were arranged in a Split-plot Design. The results demonstrated that, for growing black soybean, soils with water table depth of 20 cm was better than those of 10 cm, peaty mineral soil water ameliorant was better than river water or high-tide water ameliorant, Ceneng produced higher yield, but not to those of Cikuray. There was no interaction between surface water depth, ameliorant and variety.
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- 2015
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12. Field Adaptation of Some Introduced Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Two Altitudes of Tropical Agro-Ecosystem Environment of Indonesia
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ADEEL ABDUL KARIM ALTUHAISH, MIFTAHUDIN, TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS, and SUDIRMAN YAHYA
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agro-ecosystem ,heat stress ,heat susceptibility index ,high altitude ,low altitude ,wheat ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Heat stress is a major environmental factor limiting wheat productivity in tropical regions such as Indonesia. The objective of this study was to investigate the adaptability of introduced wheat genotypes in tropical agro-ecosystems. Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown at two different altitudes i.e. low altitude (176 m asl) with an average temperature of 29.8 °C located at Leuwikopo Field Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Bogor and high altitude (1100 m asl) with an average temperature of 20.6 °C at Cipanas Field Experimental Station (Ornamental Crop Research Station), Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia from July to November 2012. Plant height, number of tillers, flag leaf area, leaf angle, days to flowering, spike number per plant, empty spikelet number, grain weight per plant and 100 grain weight were observed following the standard methods. Heat susceptibility index was calculated based on grain weight per plant. The results showed that cultivation at a low altitude, hotter environment remarkably affected wheat growth and yield, as reflected in overall reduction of plant height, reduced number of tillers and leaf area, and ultimately reduced yield and yield components for most genotypes compared to the same measures taken at high altitude in lower temperatures. Plant growth before heading was similar in both locations, but the days to flowering was longer in high altitude than that in low altitude. High temperature stress in low altitude reduced the spike number/plant, grain weight/plant, 100 grain weight and increase number of empty spikelet/spike. Based on our results for heat susceptibility index, six genotypes, namely Sbr, Ymh, Astreb/Cbrd, Astreb/Ningma, H-20 and Nias, were characterized as heat tolerant genotypes.
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- 2014
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13. Water Balance in Oil Palm Plantation with Ridge Terrace and Nephrolepis biserrata as Cover Crop
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Mira Ariyanti, Sudirman Yahya, Kukuh Murtilaksono, Suwarto Suwarto, and Hasril H. Siregar
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Nephrolepis biserrata ,cover crops ,ridge terrace ,water balance ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
The existence of oil palm plantations as a possible cause of drought in the surrounding areas in Indonesia is a critical issue. Therefore, information related to the effects of oil palm plantations on the surrounding environment in terms of soil water content (SWC) availability is needed. Soil and water conservation techniques in the form of ridge terracing and cover crops, such as Nephrolepis biserrata, can be expected to potentially improve soil water reserves, especially in the dry-season, by accumulating water in the rainy season. This study aimed to study the effects of N. biserrata as cover crop, together with the potential effects of ridge terraces, on the water balance in mature oil palm plantations. The research was conducted in mature oil palm plantations, Afdeling III block 375 (planted in 1996) and block 415 (planted in 2005), Rejosari Unit, PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VII in Natar District, South Lampung Regency, Indonesia, from August 2014 to January 2015. The research was based on of setting up 15 m x 20 m experimental plots with the following treatments: (i) without ridge terraces and without N. biserrata (G0T0); (ii) without ridge terraces but with N. biserrata (G0T1); (iii) with ridge terraces but without N. biserrata (G1T0); (iv) with ridge terraces and with N. biserrata (G1T1). Hydrology parameter data were collected for each treatment plot; water balance was calculated using a water balance equation. The results showed that the use of the cover crop N. biserrata in combination with ridge terraces helped improving SWC reserves by approximately 71% and 12%, respectively. The use of N. biserrata as a cover crop reduced the rate of water loss by percolation and run-off, by approximately 36% and 80%, respectively, in an area where the annual rainfall is above 2,400 mm per year. The presence of N. biserrata shortened the period of SWC deficit by extending the period of a water surplus by 70 days when compared with ridge terracing alone (which reduced the period of SWC by 50 days).
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- 2016
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14. The Roles of Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson and Ridge Terrace in Reducing Soil Erosion and Nutrient Losses in Oil Palm Plantation in South Lampung, Indonesia
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Yenni Asbur, Sudirman Yahya, Kukuh Murtilaksono, Sudradjat Sudradjat, and Edy Sigit Sutarta Sigit Sutarta
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carbon-organic ,cover crops ,kalium ,natrium ,phosphat ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson is a weed commonly found on oil palm plantations and can be used as cover crop for mature oil palm plantations due to its tolerance to shading. The use of cover crop is a soil conservation technique to support sustainable availability of soil nutrients by reducing erosion and nutrients loss, particularly during the rainy seasons. This research aims to determine the roles of A. gangetica as cover crop for measures against erosion and nutrients loss in mature oil palm plantation. This research was conducted in oil palm plantation, Unit Rejosari, PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VII, District of Natar, South Lampung Regency from August 2014 to April 2015. The research used split block design in randomized complete block design with two factors and six replications. The main plots were ridge terrace, namely with and without ridge terrace. The sub plots were cover crops, namely with and without cover crops A. gangetica. The results show that using A. gangetica as cover crops in mature oil palm plantations effectively minimized erosion and loss of organic C, N, P, and K by 95.7%, 93.4%, 96.0%, and 90.0 %, respectively. The use of cover crop became more effective when combined with ridge terrace and reduced erosion by 94.1% and loss of organic C, N, P and K by 99.1%, 99.2%, 90.0% and 98.5%, respectively.
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- 2016
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15. Respons Fisiologi Beberapa Genotipe Kedelai yang Bersimbiosis dengan MVA terhadap Berbagai Tingkat Cekaman Kekeringan
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HAPSOH, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, TEUKU MUHAMMAD HANAFIAH OELIM, and BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
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Soybean ,mycorrhiza ,drought ,proline ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Present research was aimed to study physiological changes of soybean which were inoculated with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM). Glomus etunicatum was exposed to moderate and severe drought condition. Symbiotic association with VAM improved adaptability as it was shown by the increasing leaf proline content. The MLG 3474 and Sindoro are the more tolerant genotypes while the responses of plant to VAM on improving the adaptability to drought were larger on Lokon.
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- 2006
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16. The Physiological Response of Soybean Genotypes to VAM Inoculation on Selected Drought Stress Levels
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HAPSOH, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, TEUKU MUHAMMAD HANAFIAH OELIM, and BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
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Soybean ,mycorrhiza ,drought ,proline ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Present research was aimed to study physiological changes of soybean which were inoculated with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM). Glomus etunicatum was exposed to moderate and severe drought condition. Symbiotic association with VAM improved adaptability as it was shown by the increasing leaf proline content. The MLG 3474 and Sindoro are the more tolerant genotypes while the responses of plant to VAM on improving the adaptability to drought were larger on Lokon.
- Published
- 2006
17. Adaptation of Oil Palm Seedlings Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Mycorrhizal Endosymbiotic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis B10 towards Biotic Stress of Pathogen Ganoderma boninense Pat
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YENNI BAKHTIAR, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, WAHONO SUMARYONO, MEITY SURADJI SINAGA, and SRI WILARSO BUDI
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arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ,Bacillus subtilis B10 ,biotic stress ,Ganoderma boninense ,mycorrhizal endosymbiotic bacteria ,oil palm seedlings ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The effects of mycorrhizal endosymbiotic bacteria Bacillus subtilis B10 and composite of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores in green house experiment were examined in order to evaluate their effectiveness and compatibility with oil palm seedlings in the presence of a fungal pathogen Ganoderma boninense, the most serious pathogen in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in Indonesia. A three factors experiment were conducted, with mycorrhizal inoculation (M0 and M1), bacterial B. subtilis B10 inoculation (B0 and B1), and G. boninense inoculation (G0 and G1) as the first, second, and third factors, respectively. The results showed that disease severity index, plant height, root dry-weight, and phosphorus uptake were affected by co-inoculation of mycorrhizal endosymbiotic bacteria B. subtilis B10 and composite of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Co-inoculation of mycorrhizal endosymbiotic bacteria B. subtilis B10 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi did not only reduce the percentage of basal stem rot incidence, but also significantly increased plant height and phosphorus uptake by oil palm seedlings. Our results suggest that in oil palm seedlings mycorrhizal endosymbiotic bacteria B. subtilis B10 worked synergistically with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in increasing plant adaptation toward biotic stress of pathogen G. boninese and could be promising biocontrol agents.
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- 2013
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18. Isolation and Identification of Mycorrhizosphere Bacteria and Their Antagonistic Effects Towards Ganoderma boninense in vitro
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YENNI BAKHTIAR, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, WAHONO SUMARYONO, MEITY SURADJI SINAGA, SRI WILARSO BUDI, and TEUKU TAJUDDIN
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense is the most serious disease of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) in Indonesia and it has caused major loss in palm oil production. Mycorrhizosphere bacteria offer possible advantages as biocontrol agents as they live and proliferate together with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which have an ability to increase plant resistance against pathogens. A study was conducted to isolate mycorrhizosphere bacteria from spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and test their antagonistic effects against G. boninense in vitro. All bacterial isolates were identified based on 16S rDNA analysis and it revealed that eleven out of twenty mycorrhizosphere bacteria isolated were related to Bacillus with similarity ranging from 97 to 100%, whereas other isolates were identified as Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Kocuria, Enterobacter, Brevundimonas, and Alcaligenes with similarities ranging from 96 to 100%. Fourteen out of twenty mycorrhizosphere bacteria showed a varying degree of inhibition towards the growth of G. boninense in vitro. Of these, isolate B10 (closely related to Bacillus subtilis ZJ06) showed the highest inhibitory effect followed by B17 (closely related to Bacillus subtilis N43). Therefore, these bacteria have a potential to be used as biocontrol agents to control basal stem rot disease caused by G. boninense in oil palm.
- Published
- 2010
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19. Analysis of Conventional Bicycle Assembly Transformed into an Electric Bicycle Using a BLDC Electric Motor
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Sudirman Yahya and null Nofiansyah
- Abstract
Along with the increasing problem of oil price volatility, vehicles with alternative fuels are the right vehicles to use at this time. Electric bicycles are one of the vehicles that use alternative fuels. Electric bicycles use battery power as a power source. Electric bicycles consist of two main parts, namely bicycles and electrical components. Bicycles are made through a sequence of planning processes and then assembling bicycle components. Electrical components consisting of batteries, controllers, gas grips, and electric motors are assembled and connected to one bicycle.
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- 2023
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20. Perpektif Baru: Manajemen Vegetasi Bawah Tegakan Pada Budidaya Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan
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Sudirman Yahya, null Mira Ariyanti, and null Yenni Asbur
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Sesama tumbuhan, antara tanaman pokok dan tumbuhan lainnya, sampai tingkat tertentu bersaing dalam mendapatkan sumberdaya lingkungan tumbuh, terutama air dan hara media tumbuh, ruang tumbuh dan unsur iklim mikro. Sehubungan dengan ini, tumbuhan atau vegetasi bawah tegakan dapat ditinjau seberapa besar daya menyaingi dibandingkan dengan besar daya manfaat, baik secara langsung bagi tanaman pokok, pengelolaan kebun maupun terhadap segi lingkungan. Pada tinjauan ini akan diungkapkan keberadaan tumbuhan atau vegetasi bawah tegakan yang lazim yang berperanan sebagai penutup tanah dengan berbagai manfaat dalam mewujudkan teknologi produksi kelapa sawit berkelanjutan. Ada beberapa peubah yang lazim diamati sebagai dampak positif penerapan teknologi produksi berkelanjutan, di antaranya: penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca CO2, peningkatan cadangan karbon, biodiversitas lingkungan, perbaikan neraca air dan hara tanah, koservasi tanah dan air, dan penekanan erosi. Dalam naskah ini akan diungkap dan ditelaah beberapa peubah tersebut sebagai dampak teknologi produksi, khususnya oleh dua spesies vegetasi bawah Nephrolepis biserrata dan Asystasia gangetica. Kata kunci: biodiversitas, cadangan karbon, neraca air, neraca hara
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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21. Produksi dan Kualitas Umbi serta Ketahanan terhadap Hama pada Bawang Merah
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Sudirman Yahya, Arief Fidiansyah, and Suwarto
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Field experiment ,Agriculture (General) ,Agriculture ,Biology ,Manure ,Inorganic fertilizer ,S1-972 ,Nested design ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Human fertilization ,chemistry ,Dry season ,Urea ,Organic fertilizer - Abstract
Penggunaan pupuk anorganik yang tinggi dalam jangka panjang pada pemupukan bawang merah disertai tingginya biaya pemupukan anorganik dapat mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan pupuk kotoran kambing dengan dosis pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas bawang merah, serta ketahanan terhadap hama. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau di bulan September hingga Desember 2019 di Desa Sukorejo, Nganjuk dengan kondisi suhu 23-33 oC dan ketinggian 60 sampai 140 mdpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan petak tersarang (nested design), empat ulangan dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk kandang yang terdiri atas dua taraf, dan faktor kedua yaitu pupuk anorganik yang terdiri atas lima taraf. Pupuk anorganik yang digunakan yaitu urea, KCl, dan NPK. Dosis acuan pupuk anorganik menggunakan dosis petani setempat. Pupuk kandang tidak berhasil mengurangi dosis pupuk anorganik pada pertumbuhan bawang merah. Pemberian pupuk kandang secara nyata menurunkan tinggi tanaman 36.88 cm lebih rendah dari tanpa pupuk kandang 39.03 cm tetapi meningkatkan jumlah daun, jumlah anakan dan bobot umbi per rumpun. Penambahan pupuk organik kotoran kambing menyebabkan persentase kerusakan bawang merah 1.40% pada umbi 6 minggu setelah simpan (MSS) tetapi masih di bawah 5% sesuai syarat mutu SNI 01-3159-1992 bawang merah. Kata kunci: bobot umbi, kotoran kambing, pupuk kandang, Super Philip
- Published
- 2021
22. The Application of Filter Cake Compost to Improve The Efficiency of Inorganic Fertilizer in Upland Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Cultivation
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Purwono Purwono, Dharend Lingga Wibisana, and Sudirman Yahya
- Subjects
compost ,biology ,Compost ,Agriculture (General) ,ps 881 ,Plant culture ,engineering.material ,biology.organism_classification ,yield ,Inorganic fertilizer ,S1-972 ,SB1-1110 ,Filter cake ,Saccharum officinarum ,Agronomy ,efficiency ,Yield (wine) ,engineering ,internode ,Cane ,Mathematics ,Plant stem - Abstract
The production of sugarcane in 2018 decreased due to the change in the cultivation method from lowland to upland. This research aimed to study the responses of growth and yield of two sugarcane varieties to the application of filter cake compost and inorganic fertilizer in upland sugarcane cultivation. This experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design consisting of three-factors, which were sugarcane varieties, the levels of filter cake compost, and the rates of inorganic fertilizer, assigned to the main plot, sub-plot, and sub-sub plots, respectively. The two sugarcane varieties were PS 881 and PS 862. The three levels of filter cake compost were 0, 5, 10 tons ha-1, and the four rates of inorganic fertilizers (percent of recommended dosage) were 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The results showed that the growth and yield of PS 862 was better than that of PS 881, shown in the plant height, stem diameter, number of stems, and the length of internodes. The use of filter cake compost at a dose of 5 tons ha-1 was more efficient, and it could provide an efficiency of 0.097 tons per kg of cane at a dose of 76.76% inorganic fertilizer. Yet, it cannot reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer in producing sugarcane yield.
- Published
- 2020
23. Tanggap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung terhadap Waktu Tanam yang Berbeda
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Sudirman Yahya, Maria Imelda Humoen, and Supijatno
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lcsh:Agriculture ,Radiation interception ,Agronomy ,Growth phase ,lcsh:S ,Sowing ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Leaf area index ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Mathematics - Abstract
Penentuan waktu tanam yang tepat dapat mengurangi dampak negatif dari rendahnya ketersediaan air dan radiasi matahari pada fase pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menentukan waktu tanam dan varietas jagung yang dapat menyelaraskan pemanfaatan radiasi matahari dan ketersediaan air (2) mengetahui pengaruh penyiraman terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Naibonat, NTT pada bulan Februari-Juli 2019. Percobaan faktorial tiga faktor menggunakan rancang split-split plot. Petak utama waktu penanaman terdiri dari tanggal 26 Februari 2019, tanggal 12 Maret 2019, tanggal 26 Maret 2019. Anak petak yaitu varietas Pena muti m’naes, Lamuru, dan Pioneer-36. Anak-anak petak yaitu 2 taraf penyiraman yang terdiri dari tidak disiram dan disiram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan waktu tanam tanggal 12 Maret 2019 merupakan waktu tanam yang tepat dan sesuai dengan tingkat ketersediaan air dan radiasi matahari yang cukup dengan penggunaan yang lebih efisien dan tingkat intersepsi radiasi matahari yang lebih tinggi memberikan produksi jagung Pioneer-36 sebesar 8.47 ton ha-1 yang lebih baik dibandingkan produksi jagung varietas Lokal dan Lamuru pada waktu tanam lainnya. Hal tersebut didukung oleh adanya keselarasan tanggap kapasitas source (luas daun) dan kapasitas sink (ukuran tongkol). Kata kunci:indeks luas daun, penyiraman, produksi, varietas
- Published
- 2020
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24. SLOGAN 'TORANG SAMUA CIPTAAN TUHAN' DALAM KONTEKS MODERASI BERAGAMA DI KOTA MANADO
- Author
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Sudirman Yahya
- Abstract
Kota Manado mempunyai masyarakat plural terdiri dari berbagai etnis dan mempunyai 6 (enam) Agama, serta berdekatan dengan ambon, maluku dan Poso yang sudah mengalami masa konflik, sehingga konflik rentan terjadi di Kota manado. Untuk itu perlu penanganan secara preventif melibatkan masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Implementasi slogan “torang samua ciptaan Tuhan” dijadikan dasar untuk penerapan moderasi beragama yang difokuskan pada pengamalan agama dan interaksi saling mendukung antara umat beragama sehingga terciptalah moderasi beragama di Kota Manado. Hasil penelitian: 1) Penerapan Implementasi slogan “torang samua ciptaan Tuhan” dalam moderasi beragama aspek ketaatan terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, di mana peribadatan umat beragama baik di lingkungan minoritas maupun mayoritas secara umum baik, ketika salah satu agama melaksanakan kegiatan peribadatan maka agama lain menjaga kenyamanan untuk pelaksanaan Ibadah. Salah satu mempermudah penerapan moderasi beragama, karena sudah ada slogan yang tertanam di masyarakat “torang samua ciptaan Tuhan”; 2) Interaksi terjadi baik individu dalam masyarakat, maupun organisasi kemasyarakatan, serta di dukung oleh pemerintah Kota manado, seperti: adanya kegiatan bakti sosial, forum komunikasi antar umat beragama, serta bantuan rumah ibadah.
- Published
- 2020
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25. Application of phosphate solubilizing microbes to promote the effectiveness of rock phosphate on cacao seedling growth in acid soil
- Author
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Kurnia Dewi Sasmita, Iswandi Anas, Syaiful Anwar, Sudirman Yahya, and Gunawan Djajakirana
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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26. Morphological Traits of Maluku Native Forest Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr & Perry)
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Sudirman Yahya, Hariyadi Hariyadi, A. Alfian, A S Mahulette, and Ade Wachjar
- Subjects
Biology ,lcsh:Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Native forest ,Syzygium ,ambon ,fruit formation ,Botany ,morphology ,flower development ,wild-type clove ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) - Abstract
A study was conducted to study the morphology of the forest cloves groups based on their sizes of their leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds, and to determine their potential yield and optimize their production system. The research was conducted for six months from January until June 2018 in Ambon, Maluku Province, Indonesia. The research used a random sampling technique to > 15-year-old trees in productive clove forest maintained by the local farmer in Ambon. The observation and recording was conducted at several stages of clover growth, namely bud sprouting, flower bud, blooming, perianths and anthers senescence, unripe green and ripe fruits. Different size groups of forest cloves have significant differences in the duration of flower and fruit formation. Forest cloves with large leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds had quicker ripening process than the othersize groups, but their fruits were longer to ripen. Flower from the medium size group had the shortest duration to develop its flower and form its fruit, whereas the smallest type took the longest time in fruit formation process but the duration of fruit ripening was similar to those from large morphology. Among the three different sizes of forest cloves in Maluku, the trees with large leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds group are the best to be commercially developed due to its earliest time to harvest and large flower sizes. Forest cloves are best harvested when the flowers are fully matured, indicated by one or two flower buds from one inflorescence have bloomed.
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- 2019
27. Manajemen Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Di Kebun Pinang Sebatang, Kabupaten Siak, Riau
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Fakhry Muhammad and Sudirman Yahya
- Subjects
Horticulture ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Biology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Kegiatan penelitian di Kebun Pinang Sebatang, Kabupaten Siak, Riau bertujuan melatih keterampilan dan kemampuan dalam bidang perkebunan, serta memperoleh pengalaman kerja secara langsung dengan mempelajari aspek teknis dan manajerial di lapangan. Hal yang diamati dalam manajemen panen adalah sistem panen, kriteria panen, AKP, kebutuhan tenaga panen, kehilangan hasil, mutu buah dan transportasi panen. Aspek yang diutamakan adalah perubahan sistem panen dari sistem One DOL menjadi sistem C1R2. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa manajemen panen ini cukup efektif, namun masih peningkatan dalam penanganan kehilangan hasil.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. PENGARUH PH DAN WAKTU PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Lasiodiplodia theobromae PENYEBAB KANKER BATANG TANAMAN KARET
- Author
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Widodo Widodo, Tri Rappani Febbiyanti, Suryo Wiyono, and Sudirman Yahya
- Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae merupakan cendawan penyebab kanker batang pada tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muel Arg.), penyakit ini merupakan penyakit baru dan belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya di Indonesia. Banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan penyakit kanker batang. Strategi pengendalian yang terbaik adalah dengan pengelolaan penyakit yang membutuhkan pengetahuan mengenai ekobiologi patogen, inang, dan interaksinya dengan lingkungan biotik dan abiotik. Pengendalian patogen harus didasarkan pada pengetahuan tentang bioekologinya. Diharapkan dengan pengetahuan bioekologi bisa dijadikan dasar untuk bisa menghambat perkembangan atau menurunkan populasi inokulum di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh pH secara in vitro terhadap pertumbuhan patogen kanker batang dan laju penurunan viabilitas tubuh buah akibat penyimpanan. Kisaran pengaruh pH media meliputi 3, 4, 5, 6 dan 7. Penyimpanan tubuh buah dilakukan dalam wadah tanpa diberi tanah, diberi tanah steril dan tanah tidak steril. Penentuan viabilitas dilakukan pada 30, 60, 90 dan 120 hari masa penyimpanan. Semakin rendah pH menyebabkan pertumbuhan miselia terhambat.
- Published
- 2019
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29. ANALYSIS OF CAUSATIVE FACTORS FOR CANKER DISEASE EPIDEMIC ON RUBBEr PLANTS IN SOUTH SUMATRA
- Author
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Sudirman Yahya, Suryo Wiyono, Tri Rapani Febbiyanti, and Widodo Widodo
- Subjects
Canker ,biology ,principal component analysis ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Canker disease ,rubber ,lasiodiplodia theobromae ,lcsh:Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Weed control ,stem canker ,Toxicology ,Disease severity ,medicine ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Hevea brasiliensis ,Hectare ,Lasiodiplodia theobromae - Abstract
Analysis of Causative Factors for Canker Disease Epidemic on Rubber Plants in South Sumatra. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is the cause of stem canker in the rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis), this is a new disease and has never been reported in Indonesia. Currently, data on environmental factors and cultivation techniques related to the development of stem canker are not available so research needs to be done on this subject. The objective of the study was to analyze environmental factors and cultivation techniques related to stem canker on rubber trees in southern Sumatra. The study was conducted by collecting data on environmental factors and cultivation techniques and then analyzed the association with stem canker. Field observation was carried out at 21 locations in PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII Business Unit Padang Plawi Bengkulu, Tulung Buyut Lampung, Musilandas Palembang and Experimental Garden of Sembawa Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute at Palembang to measure the severity and incidence of this disease. Besides that, the data of cultivation technique and the condition of the garden were taken from the officer at those locations. Soil sample from each location was taken in a composite way, then its physical and chemical components were analyzed. The analysis was conducted to find out the correlation between cultivation and disease severity using chi-square test. The relationship between chemical and physical factors of the soil with the disease severity was analyzed using a multivariate test of principal component analysis/PCA. Regression analysis was conducted to show the possible relation to the incidence and severity of this disease. The location, clones, weed control and the number of plants per hectare showed a correlation with the disease severity. There was a positive correlation between incidence and severity of the disease. The highest disease severity occurred at the Sembawa location on clone BPM 24, with the number of plant population per ha was ≥ 555 trees and weed control using herbicide. Content of soil nitrogen, dust, clay and water as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC)were suggested to significantly contribute to the severity of stem canker.
- Published
- 2019
30. The tolerance of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to Al stress is enhanced by citric acid and natural peat water
- Author
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Agus Nur Hidayah, Sudirman Yahya, and Didy Sopandie
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0106 biological sciences ,QH301-705.5 ,Plant Science ,Photosynthesis ,Elaeis guineensis ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,Dry weight ,cat activity, chlorophyll content, mda level, photosynthesis rate, root growth ,Biology (General) ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,food and beverages ,APX ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Shoot ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Citric acid ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Ethephon - Abstract
Hidayah AN, Yahya S, Sopandie D. 2020. The tolerance of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to Al stress is enhanced by citric acid and natural peat water. Biodiversitas 21: 4850-4858. Management technology on soil containing high levels of Aluminum (Al) toxicity is still needed to be developed so that the growth and development of plants will be optimum. The aims of the research were to investigate the response of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) toward aluminum stress, and to evaluate the effects of several exogenous compounds to improve the tolerance of oil palm. The research was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019 at PT Gunung Sejahtera Ibu Pertiwi, Central Kalimantan. This research consisted of two nutrient culture experiments, namely: Al toxicity on oil palms seedlings and the role of various exogenous compounds to improve plant tolerances. The results revealed that the solution at concentrations of 400 μM, 800 μM, and 1600 μM of Al significantly inhibited root growth, increased MDA levels, decreased the photosynthesis rate, activity of CAT and APX. Therefore, a solution at concentration of 400 μM of Al can be used as the selection level of Al tolerant oil palm varieties on nutrient culture. Ethephon at concentrations of 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm inhibited root and shoot growth, increased MDA levels but reduced the photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, APX, and CAT activity. Addition of 25 ppm and 50 ppm of citric acid, 200 ppm and 300 ppm of peat water significantly increased root length, root dry weight, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, carotenoids, CAT, and APX activities as MDA levels decreased. Addition of citric acid and peat water enabled seedlings of oil palm to improve their tolerance to Al stress on nutrient culture.
- Published
- 2020
31. Agro-Morphologies and Physicochemical Properties of Flower Bud, Stem and Leaf Oils in Two Clove Varieties (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. and Perry.) Originated from Ambon Island
- Author
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Hariyadi Asri Subkhan Mahulette, Ade Wachjar, and Sudirman Yahya
- Subjects
Horticulture ,biology ,Syzygium ,Bud ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Dentistry (miscellaneous) ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,biology.organism_classification ,Stem-and-leaf display ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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32. Pengelolaan Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di Afdeling 5 Kebun Tinjowan, Sumatera Utara
- Author
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Sudirman Yahya and Hiskia Simanjuntak
- Subjects
Horticulture ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Biology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Tinjowan, Kabupaten Simalungun, Sumatera Utara bertujuan melatih keterampilan dan kemampuan dalam bidang perkebunan, serta memperoleh pengalaman kerja secara langsung dengan mempelajari aspek teknis maupun manajerial. Hal yang diamati dalam pengelolaan panen adalah angka kerapatan panen, kehilangan hasil, taksasi produksi, kualitas pekerjaan panen, rotasi panen, kriteria panen, kebutuhan tenaga panen, sarana dan prasarana panen, organisasi panen, serta transportasi panen. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan pengelolaan panen perlu ditingkatkan. Pencegahan kehilangan hasil perlu digalakkan.
- Published
- 2018
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33. Tea Plantation Dynamic in West Java Based on Productivity and Institutional Research
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Marenda Ishak S, Widiatmaka Widiatmaka, Sudirman Yahya, and Sudarsono Sudarsono
- Subjects
food and beverages ,Forestry ,West java ,Land conversion ,Agricultural economics ,language.human_language ,lcsh:HD72-88 ,lcsh:Economic growth, development, planning ,Indonesian ,Geography ,Institutional research ,Land conversion, Tea Plantation, Tea Production, Indonesia Tea Export, Institutional Role ,Tea plantation ,language ,Production (economics) ,Position (finance) ,Productivity - Abstract
The growth of Indonesian tea industry requires a serious attention. Land conversion due to weather changes is considered as one of the reasons why the tea industry decreased. This is proved by the declining of Indonesian position as tea exporting country to rank 7. The potential of Indonesian tea plantations is considered to be high due to both quality and quantity. This research is aimed to explore the relationship between production and weather conditions (rainfall, temperature, and humidity) that cause land conversion. Another aim is assessing the dynamic change of the institutional role within tea plantation in West Java. The first research was initiated by literature review and sampling of primary field, meanwhile the second research was conducted by interview and questionnaire in Bandung Regency and Cianjur Regency. The results showed that humidity factor determines the tea production in West Java. The institutional role as a weakened agent in all sector is a second finding.
- Published
- 2017
34. Respon Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan Umur Dua Tahun Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Mikro
- Author
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Sudirman Yahya, Ratih Rahhutami, and Sudradjat Sudradjat
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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35. PENGARUH PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL DAN KOMPONEN MINYAK TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.)
- Author
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ROSIHAN ROSMAN, SRI SETYATI HARJADI, SUGENG SUDIATSO, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO, and NFN CHAIRUL
- Abstract
Penelitian yang betujuan mcngkaji pengaruh periode pcncahayaan terhadap petumbuhan, hasil dan komponen minyak tanaman M. piperita L, telah dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dai bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000. Penelitian dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyak dengan kromatograi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu I^> (panjang hari normal sebagai kontrol), L, (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hari), Lj (pemutusan peiode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hai), Lj (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hai), dan U (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjuk¬ kan bahwa perubahan lingkungan mengubah fcnologi tanaman M. piperita L, meliputi petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi sintesis menthol. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam (Li) memberikan petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif paling baik, dengan ciri-ciri morfologi tanaman sebagai berikut tanaman berbunga, batang tegak (tidak rebah), tanaman tinggi, diameter batang besar, jumlah ruas banyak, stolon sedikit, jumlah daun banyak dan lebar. Fcnologi tanaman yang mcmiliki petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif yang baik dapat menghasilkan produksi tema dan minyak yang tinggi. Perubahan fcnologi tanaman akibat manipulasi lingkungan mengubah komponen minyak dan mutu menthol. Fcnologi tanaman yang memiliki petumbuhan vegetatif maupun reproduktif yang baik menghasil¬ kan menthol tinggi dan menthofuran rendah. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyak dengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54.89% dan menthofuran paling rendah yaitu 7.83%.Kata kunci: Hasil, komponen, minyak peppermint, Mentha piperita L., peiode pcncahayaan ABSTRACTEffect ofphotoperiod on the growth, yield and component ofpeppermint oilResearch on the effect of photoperiod on the growth, yield and component of peppermints oil of M. piperita, was carried out in the expeimental garden of the Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Lembang West Java, from January to July, 2000. The study was conducted in two steps, i.e. The irst step was manipulation of photo peiod using TL lamps and the second step was distillation and analisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and mass spectromctry. The experiment used ive treatments, i.e. (1) control or normal light peiod, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days and 60 days ater planting, and (3) one hour interruption of dark peiod at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the changes in light peiod affected the phenology of the crop. Four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days gave the best vegetative and reproductive growth (morphology of Mentha piperita i.e. flowering, erect stem, tall, wide, large stem, more internodes, leafy, and developed only few stolons). This morphology also resulted in the highest resh mateial and oil product. The change of phenology as the effect of light peiode manipulation could change oil component and inally the quality of menthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days ater planting showed (he highest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).Keywords: Mentha piperita L., component, photoperiod, yield, peppermint oil
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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36. PENGARUH PEMOTONGAN BUNGA, PUCUK DAN PENGHENTIAN PENAMBAHAN CAHAYA PADA TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.)
- Author
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ROSIHAN ROSMAN, SRI SETYATI HARJAD, SUGENG SUDIATSO, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO, and CHAIRUL CHAIRUL
- Abstract
Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemotongan bunga, pucukdan penghentian pencahayaan pada tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitiandilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Lembang, Balai Penelitian TanamanRempah dan Obat, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari sampai Juli 2000, dalamdua tahap : tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan habitustanaman, dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyakdengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakantanaman yang tidak berbunga akibat panjang hari normal dan tanamanberbunga akibat penambahan cahaya empat jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulaiumur 30 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5perlakuan, yaitu B 0 (tanaman berbunga dibiarkan), B 1 (tanaman berbungadipotong bunganya), B 2 (tanaman berbunga diletakkan pada kondisinormal), B 3 (tanaman tidak berbunga dibiarkan), dan B 4 (tanaman tidakberbunga dipotong pucuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapemotongan bunga meningkatkan mentol dan menekan menthofuran.Penghentian penambahan cahaya 4 jam pada tanaman berbungamenjadikan tanaman merunduk, kadar mentol menurun dan menthofuranmeningkat. Pemotongan pucuk dapat menurunkan kandungan mentol danmeningkatkan kandungan menthofuran.Kata kunci : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., pemotongan bunga, pucuk,pencahayaan, kandungan mentol, kandungan menthofuranABSTRACTThe effect of inflorescent pinching , bud pinching, andnormal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L)Experiment on the effect of pinching the inflorescent, pinching thebud, and normal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L) wascarried out at the experimental garden Lembang of Research Institute forSpice and Medicinal Crops, West Java, from January to July, 2000. Thestudy was conducted with two steps i.e. The first step was manipulation ofphoto period using TL lamps and the second step was distillation andanalisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatographyand mass spectrometry. The experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e.using long day treated plants, 3 treatments are given i.e. control, pinchingthe inflorescent and with holding light supplement (four hours lightsupplement at the age of 30 days), and using control plants, 2 treamentsare given i.e. no pinching and pinching of terminal bud (control or normallight period). The result showed that pinching the inflorescent elevate thementhol and reduce the menthofuran content. Pinching the bud of nonflowering plants can reduce the menthol and increase the menthofurancontent.Key words : Peppermint, Mentha piperita L, inflorescent pinching, bud,pinching, light period, menthol content, menthofuran content
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- 2020
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37. Analysis of Performance Test and Consumption of BLDC 350 W Motor Power to Mechanical Vibration with Variation of Speed and Load Variation
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Hairul, Indrawasih, Sudirman Yahya, and Markori
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Consumption (economics) ,History ,Variation (linguistics) ,Motor power ,Mechanical vibration ,Computer science ,Automotive engineering ,Computer Science Applications ,Education - Abstract
Electric motors Performa with the type of BLDC (Brushless DC Motor) or DC brushless motors are widely used in the industrial sector as movers that have a relatively constant speed, and are also widely used in transportation as electric car drives, electric bicycles and electric motors. In this study a 350 watt BLDC motor was used as the main driver. The motor is controlled via a BLDC Controller with a 48 Volt 10 Ampere variable DC Rectifier. The test is done by measuring the power absorbed by the motor and its speed, and measuring the vibration or vibration of the motor, using a vibration meter. In this study, it is expected that the test results can be analyzed to obtain the performance of a high efficiency BLDC motor that is energy efficient. In this research, the performance of BLDC Motor will be maximal with the use of the smallest wheel transmit when the motor is starting and running condition is using the highest transmission gear. The results of the study are used to improve and improve performance in the manufacture of electric vehicles for competition and commercial use.
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- 2020
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38. Respons Benih Kakao Terhadap Amelioran, Mikrob Pelarut Fosfat, dan Pupuk Fosfat pada Tanah Masam
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Gunawan Djajakirana, Iswandi Anas, Sudirman Yahya, Syaiful Anwar, and Kurnia Dewi Sasmita
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Phosphorite ,chemistry ,Soil pH ,Biochar ,Randomized block design ,Phosphate ,Organic fertilizer ,Microbial inoculant ,Husk - Abstract
The growth of cacao in acid soils is commonly limited by some problems such as low available P and pH, and high Al saturation. Therefore, research is needed to solve the problem of coffee cultivation in acid soil. This study aimed to determine the effect of ameliorant, phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM), and phosphate fertilizers (P) on the growth and nutrient uptake of cacao seedlings, and some acid soil properties. The study used a randomized block design with 3 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was ameliorant applications (without ameliorant, 10% organic fertilizer, 4% rice husk biochar, 4% rice husk biochar + 10% organic fertilizer). The second factor was PSM applications: without PSM, Burkholderia ambifaria (BPF) inoculants, and Aspergillus niger (FPF) inoculants. The third factor was P fertilizers applications (without Phosphate Rock (PR), 100, 200, and 400 mg P/kg of PR, and 400 mg P/kg of SP-36). The results showed that the applications of 4% rice husk biochar + 10% organic fertilizer + BPF or FPF inoculants increase the number of leaves by 77.9% and 69.2%, respectively, and increase the dry weight of shoot by 93.6 % and 101.9%, respectively. Phosphate rock application in media without organic fertilizer increases dry weight of shoots and roots of cacao seedlings, and the uptake of P, Ca, and Mg in shoots linearly in line with the increase of PR dose to 400 mg P/kg. Application of rice husk biochar significantly increased the acid phosphatase activity of growing media. Meanwhile, organic fertilizer increased the soil pH, acid phosphatase and available P activity, and decreased Al-dd growing media.
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- 2020
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39. Pengaturan Jumlah Pelepah untuk Kapasitas Produksi Optimum Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jaqc.)
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Sudirman Yahya, Ignatius Harry Tri Pambudi, and Suwarto
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Physics ,Horticulture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,021107 urban & regional planning ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Pelepah merupakan organ fotosintesis dan transpirasi pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Pengaturan jumlah pelepah belum mempunyai standard yang sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh jumlah pelepah optimum yang mendukung produksi tertinggi tanaman kelapa sawit. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kabupaten Siak, Riau dari Februari hingga Juni 2013. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok satu faktor dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi jumlah pelepah dan periode mempertahankan pelepah mampu meningkatkan bobot TBS/hektar, bobot TBS/pokok dan bobot TBS rata- rata tanaman berumur < 8 tahun, 8 – 13 tahun, > 13 tahun. Perlakuan F (49-56 pada awal musim hujan dan 41-48 pada musim hujan sampai musim kemarau) merupakan perlakuan terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan yang lain.
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- 2016
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40. Optimasi Paket Pupuk Tunggal pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan Umur Satu Tahun
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Hidayat Saputra, Sudradjat, and Sudirman Yahya
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Plant growth ,Frond ,Randomized block design ,lcsh:S ,food and beverages ,engineering.material ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Boric acid ,lcsh:Agriculture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Human fertilization ,chemistry ,Chlorophyll ,Botany ,engineering ,Urea ,Fertilizer ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Mathematics - Abstract
Effective and efficient fertilization is affected by fertilizer dose, and therefore information on the appropriate dose of a single fertilizer for oil palm will be beneficial to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of fertilization in oil palm plantations. The objectives of this research were to study the response patterns and to determine optimum rate of single fertilizer package related to the growth of one year old oil palm trees. The experiment was conducted from March 2013 to February 2014 at IPB-Cargill Teaching and Research Farm of Oil Palm, Jonggol Bogor. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with one factor and replicated three times. The treatments were four single fertilizer package as followed: control, 300 g urea + 375 g SP-36 + 350 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 600 g urea + 750 g SP-36 + 700 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O, 900 g urea + 1125 g SP-36 + 1050 g KCl + 25 g boric acid + 25 g CuSO4.5H2O per plant. The result showed that application of single fertilizer package significantly increased the growth of young oil palm linearly as shown by plant height, stem girth, leaf area of frond number 9, chlorophyll and P content of the leaves and quadratically on leaf number at the last observation. The optimum rate of single fertilizer for one year old oil palm trees had not been attained at this research because the plant growth response to fertilization was still linear.Keywords: inorganic, leaf frond number 9, optimum rate, growth response, stem girth
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- 2015
41. Manajemen Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Di Kebun Tambusai Kec. Tambusai, Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, Riau
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Yelli Sofiana and Sudirman Yahya
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Physics ,Horticulture ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Tujuan dari program magang ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknis dan manajerial di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Rokan Hulu, Riau pada 13 Februari sampai 12 Mei 2012. Data primer dari pengamatan di lapangan dikhususkan untuk persiapan panen buah, dan aspek teknis dan manajerial lainnya dari panen, sistem pemanenan premi, dan produksi tandan buah segar. Data sekunder diperoleh dari arsip perusahaan selama 5 tahun. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, persentase (%) dan nilai rata-rata. Pengamatan data dan hasil di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa manajemen pemanenan perlu ditingkatkan. Masalah yang terkait dengan hasil pemanenan, disebabkan kapasitas panen terlalu tinggi masing-masing pemanen, dan dan prediksi produktivitas per yield yang kurang akurat. Tidak ada resiko masalah dari keterlambatan transportasi ke pabrik dan pengolahan TBS di pabrik.
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- 2015
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42. Physico-chemical properties of clove oil from three forest clove accession groups in Maluku
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A S Mahulette, Hariyadi, Ade Wachjar, and Sudirman Yahya
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biology ,Bud ,biology.organism_classification ,Accession ,law.invention ,Standard type ,Eugenol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Syzygium ,law ,Oil content ,Essential oil - Abstract
Forest cloves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry.) are classified as wild and endemic clove to Maluku islands. So far, the studies on utilization of clove oil as an essential oil are still limited. This study aims to provide information on the physicochemical properties of clove oil from three clove accession groups in Maluku. Clove oil is obtained through the distillation of parts of the plant such as flowers bud, flower stalks, and leaves. The physicochemical components of clove oil in this study were compared to those of the standard type of cultivated clove oil, for there is no standard for forest clove oil. The results of the characterization of the physicochemical properties of clove oil revealed that the oils of the three clove accession groups met the standard of clove oil in several parameters, namely color (yellow to dark brown), specific gravity (0.9559-1,101 g ml−1), refractive index (1.5075-1.5467), β-caryophyllene (0.74-11.79%). However, they did not meet the standard of clove oil solubility in ethanol 70% (1:10) and total eugenol (20-28%). The clove accession groups had high oil content (in the distillation) from the flower bud section (1.33-3.00%), followed by the flower stalks (0.40-1.0%), and leaves (0.44-0.93%).
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- 2020
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43. Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Tumpangsari pada Peremajaan Kebun Kelapa Sawit Rakyat [Income Analysis Intercropping Farming System On Smallholder Oil Palm Replanting Area]
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Sudirman Yahya, Ida Nur Istina, Sri Mulatsih, Sri Ambar Kusumawati, and nfn Hariyadi
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General Medicine - Abstract
The major problem rejuvenation on smallholder oil palm plantation is approximately three years loss of income, since the plants have not yet produced,. Loss of income for big companies does not affect of their survival, on the other hand, for smallholders (farmers,) it threatens the survival of the farmers’ family. This study was aimed to analyze the income of intercropping system on smallholder oil palm replanting, carried out in Bukit Jaya Village Ukui Sub-District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province, on a replanted 28-year-old oil palm plantation. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with main plot is three farmer’s units and subplot is four intercropped treatments (corn, soybeans, legume cover crops and natural vegetation) and three replications. The results showed that corn productivities of planting season 1-3 consecutively were 5,01 t ha-1; 7,51 t ha-1and 6,57 t ha-1. Soybean were 1,60 t ha-1; 1,28 t ha-1 and 2,19 t ha-1. Production costs per ha were IDR. 11.550.000 for corn and IDR 9.955.000 for soybean. Farmer's income with local selling prices of corn, on average, was IDR. 3.280.623 per month per unit and soybean was IDR 636.518 per month per unit. The average R/C value of corn was 2,66 and soybean was 1,33. There was no significant effect of intercropping farming system treatments on the growth of oil palms trees for all of three farmers. The use of corn as intercropping provides benefits by obtaining the economic value of their crop yields, since corn was more profitable than soybean.ABSTRAKPermasalahan peremajaan kebun kelapa sawit adalah hilangnya pendapatan selama tanaman belum menghasilkan, kurang lebih tiga tahun. Kehilangan pendapatan bagi perusahaan besar tidak banyak berpengaruh pada perusahaan, namun bagi petani mengancam kelangsungan hidup keluarganya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pendapatan usaha tani tumpangsari dan pertumbuhan tanaman pokok, dilaksanakan di Desa Bukit Jaya Kecamatan Ukui Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau, pada kebun kelapa sawit 28 tahun yang diremajakan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan petak utamanya kapling petani sebanyak tiga, anak petaknya perlakuan empat tanaman sela (jagung, kedelai, kacangan dan vegetasi alami), diulang tiga kali. Peubah amatan adalah pertumbuhan dan produk-tivitas jagung dan kedelai, biaya produksi, serta pertumbuhan tanaman pokok kelapa sawit. Data dianalisis meng-gunakan SAS versi 9,4 dan analisis kelayakan R/C rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas jagung musim tanam satu sampai tiga berturut-turut 5,01 t ha-1; 7,51 t ha-1 dan 6,57 t ha-1, atau rata-rata 6,36 t ha-1; kedelai 1,60 t ha-1; 1,28 t ha-1 dan 2,19 t ha-1 atau rata-rata 1,69 t ha-1. Biaya produksi jagung Rp. 11.550.000 per ha dan kedelai Rp. 9.955.000 per ha. Pendapatan petani rata-rata per bulan per kapling dengan harga jual jagung Rp. 4.350 per kg dan kedelai Rp. 7.000 per kg adalah jagung sebesar Rp. 3.280.623 dan kedelai Rp. 636.518. Rata-rata nilai R/C jagung 2,66 dan kedelai 1,33. Dibandingkan dengan praktek baku dengan tanaman kacangan, tidak ada pengaruh perlakuan tanaman sela terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pokok kelapa sawit pada semua petani. Penanaman tanaman sela jagung pada lahan peremajaan kelapa sawit memberikan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi dibanding kedelai. ABSTRAKSalah satu permasalahan peremajaan kebun kelapa sawit rakyat adalah hilangnya pendapatan pekebun selama tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan, paling kurang tiga tahun. Penelitian ini menganalisis pendapatan usaha tani tumpangsari pada peremajaan kebun kelapa sawit rakyat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Bukit Jaya Kecamatan Ukui Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau, pada kebun kelapa sawit rakyat umur 28 tahun yang diremajakan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan Split-Plot dengan petak utamanya kapling petani sebanyak tiga kapling, sebagai anak petaknya empat perlakuan tanaman tumpangsari yaitu jagung, kedelai, kacangan dan vegetasi alami, dan ulangan tiga kali. Peubah amatan adalah pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman jagung dan kedelai, biaya produksi, serta pertumbuhan tanaman pokok kelapa sawit. Data dianalisis menggunakan SAS versi 9.4 dan analisis kelayakan R/C rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas jagung musim tanam satu sampai tiga berturut-turut 4,850 t ha-1; 7,503 t ha-1 dan 6,578 t ha-1, atau rata-rata 6,31 t ha-1; kedelai 1,603 t ha-1, 1,275 t ha-1 dan 2,193 t ha-1 atau rata-rata 1,69 t ha-1. Biaya produksi jagung Rp. 10.250.000,- per ha dan kedelai Rp 7.850.000,- per ha. Pendapatan petani rata-rata per ha per musim tanam dengan harga jual jagung Rp. 4.350,- per kg dan kedelai Rp. 7.000,- per kg adalah jagung sebesar Rp. 17.424.950,- dan kedelai Rp. 3.982.333,-. Rata-rata nilai R/C jagung 2,73 dan kedelai 1,51. Dibandingkan dengan praktek baku dengan tanaman kacangan, tidak ada pengaruh perlakuan tanaman sela pada pertumbuhan tanaman pokok kelapa sawit pada semua petani. Penanaman tanaman sela jagung pada lahan peremajaan kelapa sawit memberikan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi dibanding kedelai.
- Published
- 2019
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44. Pengaruh tanaman penutup tanah Nephrolepis biserrata dan teras gulud terhadap aliran permukaan dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
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Kukuh Murtilaksono, Sudirman Yahya, Hasril Hasan Siregar, Suwarto Suwarto, and Mira Ariyanti
- Abstract
Penanaman tanaman penutup tanah (TPT) dikategorikan sebagai kegiatan yang mendukung ISPO ( Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil System ) yaitu pemeliharaan tanaman dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman. Nephrolepis biserrata merupakan salah satu gulma yang banyak tumbuh di kebun kelapa sawit, toleran naungan sehingga dapat ditanam sebagai TPT di areal kebun kelapa sawit menghasilkan. Secara mekanik, diaplikasikan teras gulud sebagai bangunan konservasi yang merupakan paduan penanaman TPT dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan, meningkatkan resapan air ke dalam tanah sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berapa besar N.biserrata dan teras gulud mengurangi aliran permukaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Agustus 2014-April 2015 di unit usaha Rejosari PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan, menggunakan rancangan blok terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lahan yang diberi teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata , tanpa teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata , teras gulud tanpa ditanami N.biserrata efektif mengurangi aliran permukaan berturut-turut sebesar 95.7 %, 80.0% dan 63.4%. Teras gulud dan tanaman penutup tanah N.biserrata mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit terutama pada peubah pertumbuhan jumlah pelepah dan jumlah pelepah patah. Kata kunci : Nephrolepis biserrata , tanaman penutup tanah, teras gulud, aliran permukaan, kelapa sawit
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- 2016
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45. Respons tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) terhadap cekaman kekeringan Respons of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) to water stress
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Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Nurita Toruan-Mathius, Subronto, Edi Guharja, Sudirman Yahya, and Gede Wijana
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Horticulture ,biology ,Chemistry ,Water stress ,Proline ,Elaeis guineensis ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
Summary Water stress affect many physiological and biochemical processes of oil palm. A series of experiments were conducted to characterize the water stress-induced changes in physiological respons of oil palm to water stress, in glass house condition. The experiment consisted of (1) permanent leaf wilting point measured based on soil water content, leaf water content, specific leaf area and leaf water potential . Plants were conducted by termination of watering to the plants, and control plants were maintained well watered during 0,3,6,9,12,15,18 and 21 days of MK356 and MK365 clones. Experiment (2) effect of water stress on changes of leaf water potential, protein bands pattern, proline, glycine-betaine, osmotical sugar, and abcisic acid (ABA) of MK356 and MK365 clones. Water stress was induced by termination of watering to the plants and maintained well watered during 0, 7,14, and 18 days. Experiment (3) changes of protein bands pattern by total protein and electrophoresis SDS-PAGE and SDS-PAGE 2D protein. of H2 (D10DxD8D)x(L9TxL2T); H12 (D8D Self) x (L9T x L2T). H3 and H9 (BJ028D x BJ2117P) hybrids. H2 and H12, H3 and H9 potentially tolerant and untolerant to water stress, respectively. The results showed that permanent wilting point reached in 18 days of water stress. Water stress caused the decreased soil water content, leaf water potential, leaf water content, relative leaf water content , and relative leaf area of two clones. Water potential, leaf wate content dan relative leaf water content of MK365 decrease faster compare with MK356. Soil water content sharply decrease after 6 hours and in 18 days of water stress leaf water potential value < - 2.55 Mpa. Proline, glycine- betaine and glucose content were affect by water stress. Interaction among water stress and clones were significantly appear in stachiose content. Leaf water potential values decrease, whereas proline, ABA and glycine-betaine contents increase during water stress especially in MK356. Generally showed that ABA content in MK356 higher than MK 365. The differences responses of MK356 with MK 365 obtained from prolin,xylose and ABA content. Induction of new protein pI 4.7-36 kDa, pI5.3-34 kDa, pI 4.6-32 kDa and pI 5.3-36 kDa obtained from hybrids potentially tolerant to water strees, none in untolerant hybrids. Ringkasan Cekaman kekeringan mempengaruhi proses fisiologis dan biokimia tanaman kelapa sawit. Serangkaian percobaan bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi perubahan fisiologis tanaman kelapa sawit terhadap cekaman kekeringan, dalam kondisi rumah kaca telah dilakukan. Percobaan terdiri atas (1) penetapan titik layu permanen, berdasarkan perubahan potensial air daun, kadar air daun, kadar air daun relatif, dan luas daun relatif dengan perlakuan tanpa dan dengan penyiraman selama 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 dan 21 hari. Percobaan (2) penetapan perubahan kadar prolin, glisin-betain, gula-gula osmotikal dan asam absisik (ABA), terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Perlakuan adalah tanpa dan dengan penyiraman selama 0, 7, 14, dan 18 hari. Percobaan (3) analisis perubahan pola pita protein daun hibrida H2 (D10DxD8D)x(L9TxL2T); H12 (D8D Self) x (L9T x L2T). H3 dan H9 (BJ028D x BJ2117P) terhadap cekaman kekeringan dengan total protein, dan pola pita protein dengan SDS PAGE dan SDS-PAGE 2D. H2 dan H12 serta H3 dan H9 masing-masing berpotensi toleran dan peka terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa titik layu permanen dicapai pada hari ke 18 setelah diberi cekaman kekeringan. Cekaman kekeringan menurunkan kadar air tanah media tumbuh, potensial air daun, kadar air daun, kadar air daun relatif, dan luas daun relatif untuk kedua klon. Potensial air daun, kadar air daun dan kadar air daun relatif klon MK365 menurun lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan klon MK356. Kadar air tanah menurun tajam setelah 6 hari diberi cekaman air dan potensial air daun mencapai
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- 2016
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46. Mutasi induksi irradiasi sinar gamma pada varietas kedelai Argomulyyo (Glycine max)
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DIANA SOFFIA HANAFIAH, TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS, SUDIRMAN YAHYA, and DESTA WIRNAS
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irradiasi sinar gamma ,mutasi mikro ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,mutasi induksi ,kedelai varietas Argomulyo - Abstract
Hanafiah DS, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Yahya S, Wirnas D. 2011. Mutasi induksi irradiasi sinar gamma pada varietas kedelai Argomulyo (Glycine max). Bioteknoloogi 8: 59-64. Induksi tanaman dengan irradiasi sinar gamma merupak an salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik tanaman. Penelitian ini mengunakan irradiasi sinar gamma pada tingkat atau dosis rendah (mutasi mikro). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma pada benih kedelai. Benih kedel i [Glycine max (L) Merr] yang diuji adalah kedelai varietas Argomulyo yang diirradiasi sinar gamma dengan dosis 0 Gray, 500 Gray, 100 Gray, 150 Gray dan 200 Gray. Keragaman yang diperoleh dari setiap peubah amatan yang diperoleh pada generasi M1 dan M2 menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan irradiasi dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif, yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi produksi tanaman. Variasi fenotipe pada tanaman kedelai generasi M2 tertinggi rata-rata terjadi pada perlakuan 200 Gray. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa irradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis 200 Gray efektif menyebabkan terjadinya keragaaman genetik tanaman.
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- 2011
47. Surface runoff and soil erosion in oil palm plantation of management unit of rejosari, PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII, Lampung
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Edy Sigit Sutarta, Yenni Asbur, Sudrajat, Mira Ariyanti, Hasril Hasan Siregar, Kukuh Murtilaksono, Suwarto, Suroso, M. A. Yusuf, and Sudirman Yahya
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Management unit ,Environmental engineering ,Palm oil ,Environmental science ,Surface runoff - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Peranan Pupuk Organik Kotoran Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan Umur Dua Tahun
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Sudradjat Sudradjat, Ratih Rahhutami, and Sudirman Yahya
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General Medicine - Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon morfologi dan fisiologi tanaman kelapa sawit TBM 2 terhadap pemberian pupuk organik kotoran sapi dan mengetahui dosis terbaik pupuk organik kotoran sapi untuk pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit TBM 2.Penelitian dilaksanakan diKebun Pendidikan dan Penelitian Kelapa Sawit IPB-Cargill Jonggol, Bogor, Jawa Barat pada bulanApril2014sampaidengan Maret 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap satu faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan terdiri dari 3 perlakuan yaitu P0: 2250 g urea + 1950 g SP-36 +2250 g KCl, P1: 2250 g urea + 1950 g SP-36 +2250 g KCl + 30 kg pupuk organik, P2: 2250 g urea + 1950 g SP-36 + 2250 g KCl + 60 kg pupuk organik. Tanaman kelapa sawit telah dipupuk dasar dengan pupuk kandang kotoran sapi sebanyak 60 kg, Rock Phospate 500 g,dan dolomit sebanyak 500 g/tanamansebelum diberi perlakuan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam pada taraf 5%, apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik kotoran sapi hanya berpengaruh nyata pada kadar hara P daun umur 24 bulan dan tidak berpengaruh nyata pada parameter lainnya. Kadar hara P daun terbaik ditunjukkan pada perlakuan P0. Â Kata kunci: fisiologi, morfologi, pupuk kandang, vegetatif
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Induced mutations by gamma ray irradiation to Argomulyo soybean (Glycine max) variety
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Sudirman Yahya, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Desta Wirnas, and Diana Sofia Hanafiah
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Physics ,Horticulture ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Glycine ,Argomulyo soybean variety ,Gamma ray irradiation ,food and beverages ,micro mutation ,induced mutation ,gamma ray irradiation ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Induced mutation - Abstract
Hanafiah DS, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Yahya S, Wirnas D. 2010. Mutasi induksi irradiasi sinar gamma pada varietas kedelai Argomulyo (Glycine max). Nusantara Bioscience 2: 121-125. Induksi tanaman dengan irradiasi sinar gamma merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan irradiasi sinar gamma pada tingkat atau dosis rendah (mutasi mikro). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma pada benih kedelai. Benih kedelai [Glycine max (L) Merr] yang diuji adalah kedelai varietas Argomulyo yang diirradiasi sinar gamma dengan dosis 0 Gray, 50 Gray, 100 Gray, 150 Gray dan 200 Gray. Keragaman yang diperoleh dari setiap peubah amatan yang diperoleh pada generasi M1 dan M2 menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan irradiasi dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif, yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi produksi tanaman. Variasi fenotipe pada tanaman kedelai generasi M2 tertinggi rata-rata terjadi pada perlakuan 200 Gray. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa irradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis 200 Gray efektif menyebabkan terjadinya keragaman genetik tanaman. Kata kunci : mutasi induksi, mutasi mikro, irradiasi sinar gamma, kedelai varietas Argomulyo.
- Published
- 2010
50. KULTUR POLIEMBRIONI BIJI DUKU (Lansium domesticum. CORR.) PADA MEDIA MS DAN WPM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN AIR KELAPA
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Retno Prihatini, Sudirman Yahya, and Agus Purwito
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lcsh:Technology (General) ,lcsh:T1-995 ,lcsh:Science (General) ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
The study on growth respons of Lansium domesticum poliembryoni seed on MS and WPM media with added by coconut water had been carried out from Maret up to Mei 2006. This experiment had been done in Tissue Culture Laboratory, Agronomy-Holticulture Depatment, Agronomy Faculty, Institute Pertanian Bogor, using two factorial of Completely Randomized Design with nine treatments, and ten replications. The first factor treatment were MS, ½ MS and WPM media, and the 2nd factor were 0, 15 and 20% coconut water. The result showed that the emergence time of the first adventitious shoot were beginning on 26,5 days after planting, with one until four numerous of shoots, on MS, ½ MS, WPM media with added until 20% coconut water. There were only 50-70% shoot formed on 8 weeks after planting. With 20% coconut water suplemented on MS culture media showed that the height of shoots were significant than controle. Key words: Lansium domesticum, coconut water, polyembryonic seed, culture media.
- Published
- 2010
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