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The current paper presents an examination of the emerging role of deep learning-based simulation software in enhancing preprocedural planning for intracranial aneurysm treatment using flow diverters. Intracranial aneurysms pose significant risk due to their potential rupture leading to life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhage. Innovative endovascular treatment options like flow diverters, which redirect blood flow and promote healing, are gaining attention. The role of simulation software in optimizing these procedures is becoming increasingly crucial.

Introduction: At the time of diagnosis, most patients with lung cancer are in an inoperable stage, with distant metastases. Most often, these patients have metastases to the brain, adrenal glands, liver, or bones. This article presents the case of a patient with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastases in the abdominal wall.

Introduction: Enchondromas are benign tumors originating in the cartilaginous tissue of the hyaline gristle, rarely located in the chest wall. They sometimes undergo a sarcomatous transformation, becoming secondary chondrosarcomas.

Introduction: Acute abdominal pain persists in defying modern diagnostic procedures. Inflammatory response variables in urine and blood tests can help rule out other disorders and support a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA), but there is no specific blood test that can diagnose AA. In order to address this, our study sought to establish the value of (NLR) as a prognostic and severity predictor in patients with AA.

Introduction: Our study investigated the importance of inflammation markers – ratio of platelets and lymphocytes (PLR), ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes (NLR) and ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes (LMR) – as predictive markers in the occurrence of fistula or stenosis in patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastric resections.

Despite recent advancements in antibiotic therapy and the progress made in critical care and modern diagnostic methods, acute mediastinitis continues to be a severe condition.

Introduction. One of the main directions of lung cancer research is the study of the molecular biology of the non-small cell lung cancer, of adenocarcinomas in particular. The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of the immunohistochemical markers in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Material and method. We studied 28 patients that were admitted and operated in the 1st Surgical Clinic of the University County Hospital Mureş. In this patients was determined by immunohistochemical methods the cellular expression of citokeratin 7, 20, TTF-1 and p63. Results. In all cases that were studied was evidenced an intense cellular expression of citokeratin 7 and TTF-1 and the absence of the cellular expression of citokeratin 20. The cellular expression of p63 was negative in 27 cases (96.42%). Regarding immunohistochemistry to detect the mutant ALK protein, this was positive in 2 cases (7.14% of the total number of cases included in the study). Conclusions. The study of immunohistochemical markers (cytokeratin 7, TTF-1, p63) is useful in the diagnosis and identification of tumor subtypes in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Expression of these markers can be used for patient selection for routine ALK gene mutation testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hiatal hernia refers to the herniation of elements of the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the mediastinum. There are four recognized types. We report the case of 71 years old, female who presented to the emergency department reporting progressive dyspnea, epigastric pain, nausea, constipation and regurgitation.This led to an initial evaluation with an upper digestive endoscopy, which demonstrated a large par esophageal hernia. Aangio-computed tomography (angio-CT) scan showed: a large hiatal hernia in the posterior mediastinum with intrathoracic migration of a large part of the stomach and of the large bowel; a massive thrombotic occlusion of the right pulmonary artery at their origin, and chronic thrombotic occlusion of the segmental branches of the left pulmonary artery. Also it reveals a posterior deviation of the descending aorta and the retrosternal space appers to be smaller than usual. The surgical treatment in this case is delayed until repermeabilization of the bilateral pulmonary artery will be complete. The particularity of this case lies in the presence of the thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries in a patient with giant hiatal hernia complicated with gastric volvulus and displacement of the heart and of the descending aorta. All these modifications were discoverd incidentaly during of an angio-computed tomography examination of the thorax and of the abdominal cavity. This case demonstrate the usefullness of this examination at the patients with hiatal hernia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There are many authors who have devoted their time and expertise to find creative ways for an ideal suture of bronchial stump. Despite their efforts, the bronchial fistula rate reported in the specialty literature remains high, between 2--16%, depending on the author. There are two methods for closing bronchial stumps: manual and mechanical suture. The aim of this study was to experiment a new technique for closing bronchial stumps after lung resections. Material and method: In order to carry out this study we used 15 common rabbits. We performed left inferior lobectomy in these rabbits. These rabbits were divided into three groups according to the methods used to close the bronchial stump. We used three methods for closing the bronchial stump: simple running suture, suture of the bronchial stump using two vicryl mesh patches and suture of the bronchial stump using two heterologous bovine pericardial patches. Results: We did not notice any cases of bronchial stump fistula. The most important changes that appear during the bronchial stump healing are: inflammatory response, angiogenesis, hyperplasia of the smooth muscle fibres, migration of fibroblasts and fibrogenesis. Conclusions: Healing signs appeared on all examined samples, but they were more intensive in the group where we used the heterologous bovine pericardium for closing the bronchial stump. Some further studies are necessary to examine the effectiveness of the use of heterologous bovine pericardium to protect the bronho-anastomosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Medica Transilvanica is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Transilvanica is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The wide variability of bronchial stump suturing technique shows us that an ideal method has not been discovered yet. The aim of the present study is to assess the outcomes in terms of occurrence of bronchial fistula after use of an original technique of bronchial stump closure. Material and methods: Data were extracted from medical charts of hospitalized patients admitted in Surgery Department, University County Hospital Tg Mureş, between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010. All patients admitted for surgical treatment of tumoral bronchopulmonary diseases were enrolled in our study. Results: Between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010, 197 patients with tumoral bronchopulmonary disease were admitted in our Surgery Department. We random the sample in two groups based on the type of surgical technique. Subgroup A in which we included 106 surgical interventions: 13 bilobectomy (12.27%), 52 lobectomy (49, 06%) 41 pneumonectomy (38.67%). Subgroup B in which we included 91 surgical interventions: 54 atypical pulmonary resection (59.34%) and 37 exploratory toracotomy and biopsy (40.66%). We recorded 2 cases with early bronchial fistula (one case after right pneumonectomy and one case secondary to left pneumonectomy) and 5 cases with late bronchial fistula( one case after lobectomy, one case after bilobectomy, one case after left pneumonectomy, and two cases after right pneumonectomy). Conclusions: The bronchial fistula after adjusted pneomonectomy for lung cancer exposes these patients to a bad outcome. The incidence of bronchial fistula is increase by follow conditions: radiotherapy treatment, blood transfusion treatment before surgery treatment, right pneumonectomy and diabetes mellitus. The main risk factor for late bronchial fistula occurrence is radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to assess the oral hygiene status, prevalence and severity of periodontal disease for pregnant women and also to determine whether there was any association between age and oral hygiene status of pregnant women examined.Material and methods. The prevalence and severity of periodontal disease was evaluated using CPITN index, gingival index of Loe-Silness (GI) and oral hygiene index OHI-S. The number of pregnant women examined, aged 18-34 years, was 75.Results. The prevalence of periodontal diseases was 93.33%; 50.67% of all pregnant women examined had bacterial plaque, supra-and subgingival calculus and marginal irritation factors. 17.33% had periodontal pockets up to 5 mm, and 5.33% had periodontal pockets deeper than 6 mm. Conclusions. The results of this study show that dental-periodontal indications are not influenced by the age of pregnant women. The oral hygiene of the pregnant women examined is unsatisfactory, most of them (50.67%) had moderate gingivitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to assess the oral hygiene status, prevalence and severity of periodontal disease for pregnant women and also to determine whether there was any association between age and oral hygiene status of pregnant women examined. Material and methods. The prevalence and severity of periodontal disease was evaluated using CPITN index, gingival index of Loe- Silness (GI) and oral hygiene index OHI-S. The number of pregnant women examined, aged 18-34 years, was 75.Results. The prevalence of periodontal diseases was 93.33%; 50.67% of all pregnant women examined had bacterial plaque, supra-and subgingival calculus and marginal irritation factors. 17.33% had periodontal pockets up to 5 mm, and 5.33% had periodontal pockets deeper than 6 mm. Conclusions. The results of this study show that dental-periodontal indications are not influenced by the age of pregnant women. The oral hygiene of the pregnant women examined is unsatisfactory, most of them (50.67%) had moderate gingivitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Medica Transilvanica is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Transilvanica is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze in parallel the 6th and the newest 7th AJJCC/UICC (American Joint Committee on Cancer/ International Union Against Cancer) staging system in order to highlight changes brought about the new staging system. Methods: We analyzed data obtained retrospectively from 134 hospitalized patients diagnosed with gastric carcinomas, who underwent surgery at the Surgery Clinic of the Emergency County Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania between 2008-2010. The data have been obtained from histopathology reports, and the analyzed parameters were the following: age, gender and pTNM staging. For all cases included in the study restaging was performed according to the 7th AJJCC/UICC staging system. For statistical analysis we used GraphPad InStat software. Results: 71.66% of cases were adenocarcinomas, 7.46% mucinous adenocarcinoma, 14.17% signet ring cell carcinoma, and 6.71% undifferentiated carcinoma. The signet ring cell carcinomas predominated before 65 years of age (p=0.003). Compared to the 6th staging system, in the new system, pT2 percentages decreased significantly from 38.8% to 6.71%, and pT4 increases from 11.19% to 55.97% (p<0.0001). The pN3 cases increased from 20.9% to 45.52%, because all cases classified as pN2 in the old staging system, become pN3 in the new system. Some of pN1 cases turned into pN2 in the new system (p=0.004). The stage IV cases also decreased from 29.85% to 14.94%, due to regrouping of stage III. Conclusions: There are significant changes between the two staging systems. The new staging system aims to achieve a better postoperative follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Angiogenesis in gastric tumor is a widely studied process, but recent clinical trials including anti-angiogenic drugs, do not show in all cases a significant increase in survival. Specific clinical and morphological criteria designed to select the cases with a high probability of response to these therapies are not yet established. Our study represents an early stage of observational analysis of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in gastric carcinomas. Material and method The study included 134 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and who underwent a surgical intervention in order to remove the gastric tumor during 2008 - 2010. In every case there were analyzed: histological type, macroscopic aspect, location of carcinomas in the stomach, and pTNM staging. A number of 19 cases were selected and immunohistochemical examined for the expression of antibody anti-VEGF-A, clone VG1 produced by LabVision. Results In the cases of antral tumors, VEGF-A highly marked the absorptive cells of metaplasic peritumoral glands and the dysplasic glands, but it significantly decreased in tumor cells, independent of other clinical or pathological parameters. In the cases of body gastric carcinomas, peritumoral mucosa was focal positive without differences in intensity compared with tumor cells. Angiogenic immunophenotype did not correlate with any of the clinical and morphological parameters analyzed, regardless of location . Discussions The present study demonstrates that VEGF appears to have an important role in gastric carcinogenesis, especially in the early stages of antral tumors developed on the background of intestinal metaplasia. Conclusions Our study shows that the antral tumors seem to have a different angiogenic behavior from the gastric body tumors but the angiogenic immunophenotype does not correlate with tumor aggressiveness. VEGF plays an important role in early carcinogenesis, especially in areas with intestinal metaplasia. In order to make a proper interpretation of tumor angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma, prospective studies on large numbers of cases are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The incidence of pancreatic leakage, impacting postoperative morbidity and mortality, led to numerous surgical techniques for the treatment of the remnant pancreatic tissue following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of pancreatic leakage correlated with the different procedures used in the treatment of the pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Material and method: We performed a transversal, retrospective study on 181 patients, operated during 1994-2009 (only pancreaticoduodenectomies). We compared the incidence of pancreatic leakage after different techniques used in the treatment of the remnant pancreatic tissue. We also analysed patients' mortality rate with pancreatic leakage after different proceedings. Results: Pancreatic leakage was registered in 5 cases (5.88%) of pancreaticogastrostomy, in 13 cases (14.30%) of pancreaticojejunostomy, in 1 case of suture of the pancreatic stump and in 1 case of occlusion with Ethibloc (each of it - 50%). Mortality in patients with pancreatic leakage was 7.60% after pancreaticojejunostomy, 7.05% following pancreaticogastrostomy and 50% after occlusion with Ethibloc. Conclusion: The multitude of proceedings in the treatment of the remnant pancreatic tissue created to diminish the incidence of pancreatic leakage proves that none of it is safe enough. Therefore we consider pancreaticogastrostomy is a real option in reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy by diminishing the incidence of pancreatic leakage (5.88% in our study) with a great impact on the early postoperative recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abdominal trauma is a common diagnosis for patients admitted to the emergency room. Evaluation of the severity of such patients can sometimes be difficult due to rapid hemodynamic changes caused by the activation of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory regulatory mechanisms. To evaluate the prognosis of trauma patients, it is crucial to identify these changes and adapt various treatment strategies. Using the records of the Mures County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 126 patients were included in the present study with traumatic splenic injury admitted over 6 years. Blood parameters such as the neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were determined, and the association between these and the severity of the traumatic injury [quantified as the injury severity score (ISS)] was calculated. We used linear and multiple regression analyses to identify and quantify the relationships. We found statistically significant associations between the ISS and the NLR (P=0.002), with an AUC of 0.816 and a cut-off value of NLR=6.075 (sensitivity=76.7%, specificity=74.3%), and between the ISS and hemoglobin (P<0.0001), hematocrit (P<0.0001), neutrophil count (P<0.0001), lymphocyte count (P=0.0224), and platelet count (P=0.0163). No association was found between the PLR and the severity of trauma. An elevated NLR at admission in trauma patients had significant predictive power for the severity of trauma. Patients with an NLR greater than the cut-off value of 6.075 were more likely to have suffered serious injuries and undergone deterioration., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © Vunvulea et al.)

Background: In the case of patients admitted with acute abdomen at the emergency department, interstitial pulmonary pathology (Covid-19 infections) represents a significant operative risk for the patients. The rate of postoperative complications is high with increased morbidity and mortality, a real challenge for the medical staff and surgical/intensive care unit teams. In emergency settings, patients were examined with targeted clinical and paraclinical parameters that assure a fast diagnosis to optimize a rapid medical and surgical treatment. Methods: We conducted a retrospective comparative study that included patients enrolled and diagnosed with an acute surgical abdomen in Surgical Clinic 1 Tg. Mures Emergency County Hospital. Patients were examined and analyzed at the emergency department UPU-SMURD. We included patients admitted over the two years (2019 and 2020) and divided them into two groups. Results: The total number of patients admitted in the UPU-Smurd emergency department Surgical Clinic I over the two years was 1033. There was a significant reduction in total cases diagnosed with the acute surgical abdomen in the pandemic period (p=0.033). The average time from the admission to the surgical procedure was significantly higher in the pandemic period 380Ã+-2 min in comparison with 222+-3 min (p=0.001) and also with an increased average operative time 223+-3 min versus 145+-2 min (p=0.002). Average hospitalization time was higher in the pandemic period 10+-1 (p=0.031) with no significant difference between the groups regarding Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (p=0.122). Overall mortality has more than doubled, with 31 cases (19%) in the pandemic and 28 (9%) in the non-pandemic. (p=0.001). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has played an essential role in treating acute surgical abdomen cases. The high solicitation rate of the emergency department delayed the diagnosis and treatment of severe surgical cases. As the scale of this pandemic is unprecedented, standard protocols with minor changes do not provide adequate results., (Celsius.)

Background: There is no consensus regarding optimal timing or best surgical procedure for refractory renal hyperparathyroidism patients. We aim to compare the results after three types of parathyroidectomies performed for sHPT in a single referral centre., Methods: This study included patients on chronic hemodialysis submitted to three types of parathyroidectomy between 2010 and 2017. The primary outcome measure was relief of the symptoms and normalization of the main biochemical parameters., Results: All symptoms improved significantly after surgery, especially osteoatricular pains. iPth dropped significantly immediately and during the follow up in all 3 groups; on short term, iPth values for group C(tPtx) were significantly lower compared to the other 2 subgroups (p=0.009). Furthermore, 5 patients from group C presented iPth values <12 pg/ml one year post-surgery, though this values tend to improve after. Patients from group B and C developed most often acute postoperative hypocalcemia, and persistent hyperparathyroidism was encountered especially after sPtx(10.3%)., Conclusion: Significant improvement of both symptoms and biochemical parameters was noted in the majority of cases, regardless the parathyroidectomy type. tPtx is frequently followed by chronic hypoparathyroidism and subtotal parathyroidectomy is followed by a higher number of persistent and recurrent sHPT., Key Words: Secondary hyperparathyroidism, Parathyroidectomy, Parathyroid autotransplant.

Background: The incisional hernia continues to be a frequent complication of laparotomies. The purpose of study is the analysis of hernia disease relapse after one year after different open plasties methods of the abdominal wall., Material and Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was performed that included 142 patients. An analysis was performed on the individual data, the level of obesity, intra-surgical variations in intra-abdominal pressure, the intensity of post-surgical pain, the post-surgical complications, and the types of plasties of abdominal wall, simple and with polypropylene mesh., Results: The analysis of studied group showed a general rate of relapse of 16.9%, and within the 4 procedures, 40.74% in the case of simple plasties, of 16.07% after the only plasties, 6.97% after the retro-muscular plasties, and 6.25% after the full substitution of parietal defect. On analysing the collected, hernia relapse was statistically significantly related to the level of obesity, variations in intra-abdominal pressure, post-surgical pain, and the type of procedure performed., Conclusions: Hernia is a frequent complication of laparotomies. Hernia relapse was more frequent in the case of simple plasties. Among the mesh procedures, the onlay plasty showed a higher rate of relapse and post-surgical complications. Hernia relapse was more frequent in the case of variations of intra-abdominal pressure, and with increased post-surgical pain. The use of an echography examination may increase the accuracy of the presence of hernia disease., (Copyright © 2015 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. All rights reserved.)

Aim: Incisional hernias represent a late onset complication of any type of laparotomy, with a relatively high incidence, and reported in 2% to 11% of all laparotomies., Material and Methods: We performed a prospective longitudinal study that included a total number of 102 patients. The following parameters were monitored: patient history clinical findings, time of hospitalization, laboratory test results, types of surgery. Intra-abdominal pressure variations were measured using a specialized kit., Results: Obesity was present in 69 of the patients (67.64%). Mesh plasty was most frequently used (80.39%). The inset of the mesh was performed in onlay position (40.19%), retromuscular (29.98%) or complete defect substitution (11.76%). The correlation between the type of abdominal wall plasty, variations on the Borg dyspnea scal and likewise the correlation between the VAS (visual analogue scale) pain scale and the abdominal wall plasty procedures proved to be highly statistically significant: p< 0.001. Furthermore, the intra-abdominal pressure varied with the type of abdominoplasty carried out, reviewing the tension free principle. The most important parameter was the intra-abdominal pressure recorded at the end of the abdominoplasty, which showed significant correlations with the tension free plasties (retromuscular mesh and substitution mesh)., Conclusions: The tension free methods, reflected by the intra-abdominal pressure variation, were associated with a lower degree of dyspnea, low postoperative pain and less hospitalization time., Key Words: Borg scale, Incisional hernia, Intra-abdominal pressure, Onlay, Visual analogue scale.

Unlabelled: The most studied VEGF molecule is VEGF-A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor). Its involvement in various neoplastic processes represents an intensely controversial hypothesis., Material and Methods: This is a prospective study extending over a period of 7 months, and including 38 hospitalized patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer between 01/01/2011-07/01/2011, at the Surgery Departments of the Emergency Clinical County Hospital Mureş. Survival rate was determined based on age and gender of the patients, the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of the tumor, and pT, N, M parameters of the resected specimens. All these tumor parameters were correlated with preoperative VEGF-A levels, measured at the Central Laboratory of the Emergency Clinical County Hospital Mureş, using plasma samples and a human VEGF ELISA kit with cross-reactivity with VEGF 165 (BioLife Group), according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer. No enrolled patient had any preoperative treatment. In order to establish the reference value for VEGF-A in serum, we tested a group of 14 apparently healthy persons, and we calculated a mean value., Results: The reference value for VEGF-A in serum was 157.3 pg/ml. In gastric cancer patients the preoperative VEGF-A levels were 376, 188 +/- 247.11, showing significant elevation vs. the control group (p < 0.001), but it did not correlate with any of the tested tumor parameters. Survival rate displayed statistical correlation with histological type of the tumor, and VEGF-A serum levels, so that patients with intestinal type gastric cancer showed a superior survival vs. those with diffuse type (p = 0.0043). A better survival was noted in patients with VEGF-A serum levels over the threshold value of 173 pg/ml., Discussion and Conclusions: The VEGF-A levels in serum are significantly increased preoperatively in gastric cancer patients, compared to apparently healthy persons, but they do not show correlation with tumor parameters. As a result it cannot be used as prognostic factor, but it may be an evolution marker. Survival rate is significantly higher in intestinal type gastric cancers, ads compared to the diffuse type, as well as in patients with serum VEGF-A values over the threshold value.

Introduction: The incidence of lung cancer has increased alarmingly. Lung cancer represents the first cause of death in men. Thoracic surgery is engraved with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a rigorous selection of patients undergoing such surgery is imposed. In order to establish the correct therapeutic attitude,paraclinical explorations are of the ulmost importance., Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study over a period of six years. We used the casuistry of Surgical Clinic no. 1, Mureş County Emergency Hospital. We studied the observation sheets of all the patients admitted in the Surgical Clinic no. 1 over a period of six years (1th of January 2005 to the 31th of December 2010). We studied 197 patients admitted to surgery in our clinic for lung cancer., Results: In the group studied, the majority of patients were in the 5th and 6th decade of life. The average age was 59.48 years. In our study group, most patients were in an advanced stage of the disease, probably due to the late stage diagnosis of lung cancer in general. The majority of the patients were in the stage IIB and IIIA of disease. The overall postoperative morbidity rate was 21.82% (43 cases), In the study group we registered 8 deaths (4.06%)--it should be noted that we considered in-hospital mortality within the first 30 days postoperatively., Conclusions: The main risk factors for postoperative complications are: late age, male gender, pneumonectomy, low FEV1 value. Certain risk factors are predictive of postoperative mortality. The most important of them are: late age, male gender, type of surgery, FEV value, associated diseases (especially cardiovascular and diabetes).