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Abstract The purpose of this study was to testify the hypothesis that graphene oxide (GO) could act as an appropriate vehicle for the release of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protein in the context of skin repair. GO characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. After TIMP-1 absorbing GO, the release profiles of various concentrations of TIMP-1 from GO were compared. GO biocompatibility with fibroblast viability was assessed by measuring cell cycle and apoptosis. In vivo wound healing assays were used to determine the effect of TIMP-1-GO on skin regeneration. The greatest intensity of GO was 1140 nm, and the most intensity volume was 10,674.1 nm (nanometer). TIMP-1 was shown to be continuously released for at least 40 days from GO. The proliferation and viability of rat fibroblasts cultured with TIMP-1-GO were not significantly different as compared with the cells grown in GO or TIMP-1 alone (p > 0.05). Skin defect of rats treated with TIMP-1 and TIMP-1-GO showed significant differences in histological and immunohistochemical scores (p

The purpose of this study was to testify the hypothesis that graphene oxide (GO) could act as an appropriate vehicle for the release of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protein in the context of skin repair. GO characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. After TIMP-1 absorbing GO, the release profiles of various concentrations of TIMP-1 from GO were compared. GO biocompatibility with fibroblast viability was assessed by measuring cell cycle and apoptosis. In vivo wound healing assays were used to determine the effect of TIMP-1-GO on skin regeneration. The greatest intensity of GO was 1140 nm, and the most intensity volume was 10,674.1 nm (nanometer). TIMP-1 was shown to be continuously released for at least 40 days from GO. The proliferation and viability of rat fibroblasts cultured with TIMP-1-GO were not significantly different as compared with the cells grown in GO or TIMP-1 alone ( p > 0.05). Skin defect of rats treated with TIMP-1 and TIMP-1-GO showed significant differences in histological and immunohistochemical scores ( p < 0.05). GO can be controlled to release carrier materials. The combination of TIMP-1 and GO promoted the progression of skin tissue regeneration in skin defect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's environment of global competition where each company is trying to prove itself better than its competitors the software developers have to come up with multiple releases in order to survive in the market. Each release offers some innovative performance enhancement or some new functionality that distinguishing itself from the past release. But enhancing the product and upcoming with successive releases puts a constant pressure on even the best organized engineering organizations. The reason being, up-grading a software application is a complex process. Upgrading a software introduces the risk that the new release will contain a bug, causing the program to fail. Therefore, to capture the effect of faults generated in the software with multiple releases, we have developed a multi release software reliability model in this paper. The model uniquely takes into account the faults of the current release and the remaining faults of just previous release. The multi release software reliability growth model treats the fault removal rate as a function of testing resources consumed. In addition, the model also incorporates the severity of faults and considers that hard faults are removed with different rate than the rate required to remove simple faults. The model developed is validated on real data set with software which has been released in the market with new features four times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]