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Purpose: To validate the GO-specific quality of life (QOL) questionnaire in Hindi language and to determine the correlation of scores (visual functioning and appearance) with disease severity and activity. Methods: We recruited 114 consecutive patients with GO attending Endocrinology Clinic at tertiary care center. Eye examination was performed, and QOL was assessed by questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire was validated by 50 GO patients and test-retest reliability was performed in 15 patients. Hindi version GO-QOL was administered in 49 GO patients. GO was mild in 51.0% and sight-threatening in only 2.0% of cases. Orbitopathy was clinically active in only 10 (20.4%) cases. The GO-QOL scores (median) for visual function and appearance were 81.3 and 62.5, respectively. Patients with moderate-to-severe and sight-threatening GO had significantly lower median appearance scores (56.3 vs. 68.5, P= 0.01) compared to mild disease but no difference in visual scores. Patients with active disease had significant lower median visual function (53.1 vs. 85.7, P= 0.009) and psychosocial (appearance) scores (40.6 vs. 68.8, P= 0.03) compared to inactive disease. On multivariate regression analysis of GO-QOL scores, extraocular eye movement involvement (EOM), proptosis, and severity of eye disease were significantly associated with visual functioning while appearance was significantly associated only with the severity of eye disease. Conclusion: GO-QOL scores were significantly reduced in patients with GO.

Sheehan′s syndrome is a leading cause of panhypopituitarism.It is associated with osdteoporosis due to a number of factors like gonadal and growth hormone deficiency; and other factors.In our study, 58 % of patients had osteopenia and 37% had osteoporosis at lumbar spine. Duration of illness had a significant inverse relationship with bone mineral density.

ABSTRACT Objective: The relationship of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity with breast cancer (BC) continues to be contentious. The primary aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions and autoimmunity in BC patients, and the secondary aims were to investigate the relationship of thyroid dysfunction with the clinicopathological profile of and therapy received by BC patients. Materials and methods: This was a single-center prospective case-control study (March 2015-May 2017). Women with BC (n = 191), age-matched healthy controls (n = 166) and malignant controls (patients with cervical cancer, n = 87) were enrolled. Basal serum free thyroxin (fT4), thyrotropin (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody levels were measured in all three groups; fT4, TSH and TPO measures were repeated after chemotherapy and at the 1-year follow-up (one year after diagnosis) in the BC patients. Results: The prevalence of overall hypothyroidism and autoimmunity (p = 0.106) did not differ significantly between the three groups, but the rate of clinical hypothyroidism was significantly higher in the BC group than in the healthy control group and the malignant control group (12.2% vs. 3.0% vs. 4.6%, respectively; p = 0.001). BC patients had significantly lower mean basal TSH concentrations than the healthy controls (p = 0.017). The postchemotherapy TSH concentrations were significantly lower (p = 0.001), and the fT4 concentrations were higher, albeit not significantly (p = 1.00), than the respective basal concentrations. The reverse was true for the follow-up values, in which the TSH (p = 1.00) values were higher and the fT4 (p = 0.03) concentrations were lower than the respective basal concentrations. An additional 6% of the BC patients developed clinical hypothyroidism during follow-up. Hypothyroid (p = 0.02) and TPO-positive (p = 0.004) patients had significantly smaller tumors, but their other clinicopathological features were comparable to those without thyroid dysfunction. Conclusions: The prevalence of clinical hypothyroidism requiring thyroxine replacement was significantly high in BC patients and increased further during follow-up. Hence, BC patients should be considered a high-risk group that should receive routine screening for hypothyroidism.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe a case of moyamoya disease associated with hypopituitarism.Methods: We present a case of moyamoya disease presenting with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and central diabetes insipidus and review the literature.Results: A 22-year-old female presented with secondary amenorrhea with loss of secondary sexual characteristics. Her follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were 1.4 mIU/mL and