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We present a compilation and analysis of 1099 Holocene relative shore-level (RSL) indicators including 867 relative sea-level data points and 232 data points from the Ancylus Lake and the following transitional phase from 10.7 to 8.5 ka BP located around the Baltic Sea. The spatial distribution covers the Baltic Sea and near-coastal areas fairly well, but some gaps remain mainly in Sweden. RSL data follow the standardized HOLSEA format and, thus, are ready for spatially comprehensive applications in, e.g., glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modelling. Sampling method The data set is a compilation of rather different samples from geological, geomorphological and archaeological studies. Most of the data was already published in different formats. In this compilation we homogenized the meta information of the available information according to the HOLSEA database format, https://www.holsea.org/archive-your-data, which is a modification of the recommendations given in Hijma et al. (2015). In addition to the reformatting, the majority of samples with radiocarbon dating were recalibrated with oxcal-software using the calib13 and marine13 curves. Furthermore, all sample descriptions were critically checked for consistency in positioning, levelling and indicative meaning by experts of the respective geographic region see Supplement 2. Analytical method In principle, it is a compilation, recalibration and revision of already published data. Data Processing Data of individual compilations were revised and imported into a relational database system. Therein, the data was transferred into the HOLSEA format by specified rules. By this procedure, a homogeneous categorisation was achieved without losing the original data. Also this is stored in the relational database system allowing for later updates of the transfer procedure or a recalibration of the data. Description of data table HOLSEA-baltic-yymmdd.xlsx The workbook in excel format contains 5 sheets, see https://www.holsea.org/archive-your-data: · Long-form, containing the complete information available for each sample · Short-form, a subset of attributes of the Long-form sheet · Radiocarbon, containing the radiocarbon dating information of the respective samples · U-series, a corresponding table containing the respective information of Uranium dating · References, a complete reference list of the primary publications in which the individual data sampling is described. All online sources for the compilation are included in the metadata. A full list of source references is provided in the data description file.

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Recent synoptic studies have summarized the former spatial extent and chronology of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS) and provide exceptional compilations of empirical datasets. The latter represent the primary source of information for the modelling community to test and develop thermomechanical ice sheet model, which are then further embedded into climatic and general circulation models. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) extent and chronology of the SIS across continental Europe were highlighted as being the least well-known thus generating the biggest uncertainties in the reconstruction of the ice sheet. While early geomorphological studies of the ice sheet marginal belts are numerous and detailed in western Russia, geochronological data are virtually inexistent. In an attempt to fill in this gap, we conducted a series of sampling campaigns for surface exposure dating using Be-10 in the western and northwestern regions of Russia. We present here the first results from the Valday Heights where glacial deposits constitute well-preserved margins of the SIS. A total of 16 samples firmly establish the timing of the LGM in the Valday Heights at 20.1 +/- 0.4 ka. The Valday Heights acted as a natural wall for the last maximum advance of the SIS during MIS2, constraining the eastern flank of the Ladoga-llmen-Lovat ice stream to the west of the hills. The Valday Heights were only overran by previously more extensive glacial advances as suggested by older exposure ages obtain on erratic boulders (31.2 +/- 1.4 to 47.1 +/- 1.5 ka) located east of the LGM limit.

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This article presents a review of the current data on the level of paleolimnological knowledge about lakes in the Russian part of the northern Eurasia. The results of investigation of the northwestern European part of Russia as the best paleolimnologically studied sector of the Russian north is presented in detail. The conditions of lacustrine sedimentation at the boundary between the Late Pleistocene and Holocene and the role of different external factors in formation of their chemical composition, including active volcanic activity and possible large meteorite impacts, are also discussed. The results of major paleoclimatic and paleoecological reconstructions in northern Siberia are presented. Particular attention is given to the databases of abiotic and biotic parameters of lake ecosystems as an important basis for quantitative reconstructions of climatic and ecological changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Keywords: paleolimnology, lakes, bottom sediments, northern.

The purpose of our study is to reconstruct the climatic and environmental changes that took place over the Holocene in Northwest Russia. The results of the palaeobiological analysis of cladoceran community of Lake Medvedevskoe (Karelian Isthmus, located between the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea and Lake Ladoga, Northwest Russia) have been discussed. In the sediments of Lake Medvedevskoe, we have identified 38 cladoceran taxa that belong to 7 families: Bosminidae, Holopedidae, Chydoridae, Daphnidae, Polyphemidae, Macrotricidae, and Sididae. It has been revealed that Bosmina (Eubosmina) longispina and Alonella nana are the most common for subfossil Cladocera community of the lake. Palearctic and Holarctic species are dominant. Both pelagic and littoral taxa are well represented in the lake. The down-core changes in cladoceran community allowed to identify five statistically significant zones. It has been discovered that the taxonomic richness of biological communities is low at the bottom of the core with the dominance of typical northern species and increases towards the sediment surface alongside with the rise of organic content in sediments. Based on the shifts in the taxonomic composition of cladoceran community, we have concluded upon the trophic status of the lake and climate changes. The obtained data have been compared with the results of the chironomid analysis that was performed earlier.

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. This article presents a review of the current data on the level of paleolimnological knowledge about lakes in the Russian part of the northern Eurasia. The results of investigation of the northwestern European part of Russia as the best paleolimnologically studied sector of the Russian north is presented in detail. The conditions of lacustrine sedimentation at the boundary between the Late Pleistocene and Holocene and the role of different external factors in formation of their chemical composition, including active volcanic activity and possible large meteorite impacts, are also discussed. The results of major paleoclimatic and paleoecological reconstructions in northern Siberia are presented. Particular attention is given to the databases of abiotic and biotic parameters of lake ecosystems as an important basis for quantitative reconstructions of climatic and ecological changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Keywords: paleolimnology, lakes, bottom sediments, northern.