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Zalamea la Real is close to the biggest Mediterranean mines known in ancient times: Riotinto Mines (Huelva, Spain). Zalamea is within the South Iberia Pyrite Belt, which goes from Alcácer do Sal (Portugal) to Seville (Las Cruces Mines, at Gerena/Aznalcollar villages). It is a territory containing a high density of megaliths and neglected rocks/stones on the surrounding area which are rests of them. Zalamea district could be considered a megalithic region and also a megalithic context altogether, which is linked to mines of metal extractions since 3000 years ago. Probably, the main mines furnaces were at Zalamea. This metal richness could explain Tartessos flourishing, which could extend together with both the high megaliths density and the Southern Iberia Pyrite Belt through South Spain and Portugal. Indeed, common Iberian-Tartessian signary (sometimes admixed with Lineal Megalithic Scripts, a primitive evolutionary writing stage) had been used in this Iberian Pyrite Belt area. In the present paper ,we show our findings on Zalamea la Real engraved rocks/stones and menhirs with Lineal Megalithic Scripts and Tartessian signs, and put them in a context of other similar findings in a big European/African area (South Iberia, Canary Islands and South Algeria, Sahara Desert).

This article is an analysis of the historiography of the battle of Cerro Gordo. It is intended to see the generalities of the story, as well as the authors who wrote the subject, their enunciation horizons, the importance they give it and which ones are available to know the battle. At the end of this historiographic balance, it is established that some current works have reused an almost invariable narrative form, having as their origin a single story, which, due to its enunciation horizon, has set aside analytical views to the history of the battle. Therefore, to begin a historiographic reconstruction in the new military history, a methodological tool provided by historian John Keegan is proposed, called: “the piece of battle”, which consist of a series of critical-methodological concepts to detect simplifications of human behavior in war stories and specifically a battle tell.

El presente estudio es sobre la percepción de marca que tienen los caleños respecto a dos emprendimientos de comida rápida en la ciudad. El cual tiene objetivo identificar la percepción de marca de los restaurantes Tierra de Todos y Sushi Break localizados en Ciudad Jardín – Cali. Este análisis se realiza mediante una metodología de tipo exploratoria con un diseño mixto: cualitativo y cuantitativo, que nos permite identificar las preferencias del público a través de una encuesta a personas entre 16 - 45 años de edad consumidores de los restaurantes. Entre los principales resultados se identifica que el 47,2% de sus clientes son jóvenes entre 16 - 25 años, quienes están dispuestos a pagar por servicio y calidad en sus productos. De igual manera una identidad de marca fuerte en redes sociales que les permite una mayor exposición en el público objetivo. En conclusión, la presencia de marca en redes sociales es determinante para sus clientes, ya que son restaurantes que brindan una experiencia gastronómica a sus consumidores. Proyecto de grado (Profesional en Mercadeo y Negocios Internacionales)-- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2022 Pregrado Profesional en Mercadeo y Negocios Internacionales

Assessment of swine semen quality is important as it is used as an estimate of the fertility of an ejaculate. There are many methods to measure sperm morphology, concentration, and motility, however, some methods require expensive instrumentation or are not easy to use on-farm. A portable, low-cost, automated device could provide the potential to assess semen quality in field conditions. The objective of this study was to validate the use of Fertile-Eyez (FE), a smartphone-based device, to measure sperm concentration, total motility, and morphology in boar ejaculates. Semen from six sexually mature boars were collected and mixed to create a total of 18 unique semen samples for system evaluations. Each sample was then diluted to 1:4, 1:8, 1:10, and 1:16 (for concentration only) with Androhep Plus semen extender (n = 82 total). Sperm concentration was evaluated using FE and compared to results measured using a Nucleocounter and computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA: Ceros II, Hamilton Thorne). Sperm motility was evaluated using FE and CASA. Sperm morphological assessments were evaluated by a single technician manually counting abnormalities and compared to FE deep-learning technology. Data were analyzed using both descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, intra-assay coefficient of variance, and residual standard deviation [RSD]) and statistical tests (correlation analysis between devices and Bland-Altman methods). Concentration analysis was strongly correlated (n = 18; r > 0.967; P < 0.0001) among all devices and dilutions. Analysis of motility showed moderate correlation and was significant when all dilutions are analyzed together (n = 54; r = 0.558; P < 0.001). The regression analysis for motility also showed the RSD as 3.95% between FE and CASA indicating a tight fit between devices. This RSD indicates that FE can find boars with unacceptable motility (boars for example with less than 70%) which impact fertility and litter size. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that FE-estimated morphological assessment and the conventionally estimated morphological score were similar, with a mean difference of ~1% (%95 Limits of Agreement: −6.2 to 8.1; n = 17). The results of this experiment demonstrate that FE, a portable and automated smartphone-based device, is capable of assessing concentration, motility, and morphology of boar semen samples.

Network slicing is a cornerstone in the conception and deployment of enriched communication services for the new use cases envisioned and supported by the new 5G architecture.This document makes emphasis on the challenge of the network slicing isolation and security management according to policy. First, a novel access control model was created, that secures the interactions between network functions that reside inside the 5G system. Then, the management of the interactions between network slices was addressed. We coin the concept of network slice chains, which are conceived after security constraint validation according to policy. Lastly, a method to quantify isolation was developed, permitting to find out how well isolated a communication service is, which is offered via network slices. This enables network operators and customers to measure the isolation level and improve the configuration of the network slices so the isolation level can be enhanced. These components establish a solid framework that contributes to secure, vertically, the communication services of a 5G network and assess how secure they are with respect to their interactions and isolation.; Le « network slicing » est la pierre angulaire pour la conception et le déploiement de services de communication à forte valeur ajoutée qui seront supportés par les nouveaux cas d’usage introduits par la nouvelle architecture 5G. Ce document souligne le défi que représente l’isolation des « network slices », et la gestion de sa sécurité en fonction des politiques retenues.Tout d’abord, un nouveau modèle de contrôle d’accès a été créé. Il permet de sécuriser les interactions entre les fonctions réseaux supportées par les systèmes 5G. Ensuite, la gestion des interactions entre les «network slices » a été abordée. On utilise le concept de chaînes de « network slices », qui seront mises en oeuvre après validation des contraintes de sécurité selon la politique choisie. Enfin, une méthode de quantification de l’isolation a été mise au point, permettant de connaître le degré d’isolation d’un service de communication offert via des « network slices». Cela permet aux opérateurs de réseau et aux clients de mesurer le degré d’isolation, puis d’améliorer la configuration des « network slices » afin de le renforcer. Ces éléments établissent un cadre solide contribuant à sécuriser, verticalement, les services de communication d’un réseau 5G et à évaluer le degré de sécurité en ce qui concerne leurs interactions et leur isolation.

Network slicing is a cornerstone in the conception and deployment of enriched communication services for the new use cases envisioned and supported by the new 5G architecture.This document makes emphasis on the challenge of the network slicing isolation and security management according to policy. First, a novel access control model was created, that secures the interactions between network functions that reside inside the 5G system. Then, the management of the interactions between network slices was addressed. We coin the concept of network slice chains, which are conceived after security constraint validation according to policy. Lastly, a method to quantify isolation was developed, permitting to find out how well isolated a communication service is, which is offered via network slices. This enables network operators and customers to measure the isolation level and improve the configuration of the network slices so the isolation level can be enhanced. These components establish a solid framework that contributes to secure, vertically, the communication services of a 5G network and assess how secure they are with respect to their interactions and isolation.; Le « network slicing » est la pierre angulaire pour la conception et le déploiement de services de communication à forte valeur ajoutée qui seront supportés par les nouveaux cas d’usage introduits par la nouvelle architecture 5G. Ce document souligne le défi que représente l’isolation des « network slices », et la gestion de sa sécurité en fonction des politiques retenues.Tout d’abord, un nouveau modèle de contrôle d’accès a été créé. Il permet de sécuriser les interactions entre les fonctions réseaux supportées par les systèmes 5G. Ensuite, la gestion des interactions entre les «network slices » a été abordée. On utilise le concept de chaînes de « network slices », qui seront mises en oeuvre après validation des contraintes de sécurité selon la politique choisie. Enfin, une méthode de quantification de l’isolation a été mise au point, permettant de connaître le degré d’isolation d’un service de communication offert via des « network slices». Cela permet aux opérateurs de réseau et aux clients de mesurer le degré d’isolation, puis d’améliorer la configuration des « network slices » afin de le renforcer. Ces éléments établissent un cadre solide contribuant à sécuriser, verticalement, les services de communication d’un réseau 5G et à évaluer le degré de sécurité en ce qui concerne leurs interactions et leur isolation.

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) contains a set of genes that codifies for certain glycoproteins that present antigenic proteins to clonotypic T cell receptor in order to start the immune response. In humans, MHC is named HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen). The HLA system is organized into three gene regions on chromosome 6 and encodes for important immune-function proteins. Class I and Class II classical loci contain a high number of alleles; some of them are quasispecific or highly frequent in certain populations and thus useful for population genetic studies. Also, some HLA alleles are associated to diseases and drugs side effects, and donor/recipient HLA compatibility is usually required in transplantation. In this study, a HLA genetic comparison of Mayo/Yoreme ethnic group (Sinaloa State, North-West Coast of Mexico) has been carried out with other populations from all over the world in order to establish its origin, obtain a virtual transplantation list and for future epidemiology studies. Sixty unrelated individuals were selected in the city of Capomos (Sinaloa) and, after signing a written consent, peripheral blood was drawn to carry out the study. From here, the DNA of the samples was extrated and sequencing using the PCR-SSOP-Luminex method was carried out to obtain the HLA genetic profile of each individual. The data obtained from the sequencing were processed with Arlequin to obtain HLA alleles and haplotypes frequencies and population genetic relatedness. Genetic distances of Mayo/Yoreme ethnic group with other populations in the world were calculated to generate a dendrogram and carry out a correspondence analysis with GNKDST, TREEVIEW and VISTA software. Mayo relatedness with other Amerindian, Eskimo/Aleutian, Na-Dene and Caucasoid ethnic groups was obtained. It was found that the Mayo are closely related to other Amerindian ethnic groups, i.e.: Mayas, Kogi or Teenek, taking in consideration the presence of some alleles, like HLA-B*40, which is shared with other America First Inhabitants. Other alleles, such as HLA-B*48 or HLA-A*24 (probably HLAA* 24:02), are also shared with Pacific Islanders like Easter Island population, so it is inferred that Mayo ethnic group has had transpacific contacts with other Pacific Inhabitants. It is concluded that the Three Wave Theory proposed for the first settlement of America is not correct and a model of bidirectional transpacific and transatlantic contacts is put forward. It is also obtained a HLA Mayo profile that may be useful for future epidemiology and pharmacogenetic studies, and in national and international transplantation studies. Data obtained in this study are deposited in the AlleleFrequencies online database.

Diseñar un modelo de indicadores de productividad para la empresa Perceptio S.A.S ejecutando una estrategia de Business Intelligence (BI) que le permita a la compañía realizar medición y seguimiento en tiempo real del área de operaciones con el fin de facilitar y agilizar la toma de decisiones. PERCEPTIO S.A.S es una empresa de prestación de servicios que brinda soluciones a grandes compañías en temas tecnológicos. Su fuerte es potencializar la inversión en SAP de sus clientes. Algunos de los servicios que presta son el de outsourcing, fábrica de software e implementación de proyectos para desarrollo en ABAP, .Net y Java. A su vez PERCEPTIO S.A.S atiende a aquellas empresas que requieran de un software empresarial con el objetivo de optimizar sus negocios. Esta investigación está enfocada en la empresa PERCEPTIO S.A.S, la cual tiene como problemática que no cuenta hasta el momento con un sistema de medición que ayude a gestionar y hacer seguimiento a la productividad de las diferentes áreas de la compañía en especial el área de operaciones, este trabajo tiene como objetivo diseñar un modelo de indicadores de productividad para la compañía a partir de la ejecución de una estrategia de Business Intelligence (BI) que le permita realizar medición y seguimiento en tiempo real del área de operaciones con el fin de facilitar y agilizar la toma de decisiones. En el transcurso de la implementación del proyecto se hicieron hallazgos significativos tales como: altos costos fijos de producción debido a la mala distribución de tiempos al interior del área de operaciones, demasiados registros de tiempos en tareas no operativas, las cuales no son facturables. El fin que se tiene es reducir estos costos fijos por medio del indicador de productividad y poder (gracias al constante seguimiento de este indicador) distribuir de una mejor manera las tareas al interior del área de operaciones. El diseño del trabajo será experimental, ya que se va a recopilar información de distintas áreas de la empresa, estas áreas son: el área de operaciones y el área financiera, de estas dos áreas se obtendrán todos los datos con los cuales se trabajará en el diseño de los modelos de medición de la productividad que a su vez estarán basados en la primicia de ensayo y error. En cuanto al alcance, éste será exploratorio debido a que se van a implementar nuevas estrategias de medición en la empresa por lo que se explorarán nuevas ideas de mejora. Finalmente, se pueden observar los resultados obtenidos y la implementación del indicador de ocupación (productividad) en el área de operaciones.

Programa de doctorado: Sanidad animal y seguridad alimentaria. Texto en inglés y español. La lactación es un proceso complejo que necesita ser regulado muy bien. En el caso de los animales lecheros, el objetivo de la lectación es producir alimentos de alto valor nutricional. La industria de los pequeños rumiantes está en continuo crecimiento y es una herramienta imprescindible para los países en vías de desarrollo. En este sentido, el estudio de la fisiología mamaria en cabras y ovejas se ha convertido en un tema de importancia para la investigación. La serotonina ha sido descrita como un importante regulador de la función de las células epiteliales mamarias y es un factor para la homeostasis corporal en varias especies (vacas, ratones, ratas y humanos), pero su papel en pequeños rumiantes continúa siendo incierto. Lactation is a complex process, and needs to be acutely regulated. In the case of dairy animals, the objective of the lactation is to produce high quality milk. The industry of small ruminants is rising and it constitutes a great tool for the success in developing countries. The study of mammary physiology in goats and sheep has become a trending topic for research studies. The serotonin has been described as an important regulator of mammary epithelial cell fuction and it is a key factor for body homeostasis in several species ( cows, mice, rats and humans), although in small ruminants it is still being unknown.