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Objective: This study aimed to help with determination of optimal raw materials for squid surimi products. Methods: The differences in gel strength, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, rheological properties and chemical interaction force of surimi gels, obtained from three species of squid, were evaluated. Results: The gel strength and water-holding capacity of the three species of surimi gel were in descending order as follows: Illex argentinus>Dosidicus gigas>Ommastephes bartrami, while the cooking loss was the opposite. The dynamic rheological temperature scan showed that the energy storage modulus(G′) of the three kinds of surimi decreased with temperature to a minimum value of 45 ℃, then increased to a maximum value of 75 ℃ and decreased again. The G′ of Illex argentinus surimi was higher than the other two kinds of squids when the second stage heating at 90 ℃.The ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions of Illex argentinus surimi gel were significantly stronger than the other two kinds of squids. Conclusion: Illex argentinus surimi is the best raw material for squid surimi products; and the production needs to use auxiliary means to improve the gel quality according to the different characteristics of the three kinds of squid surimi.

The Hannuoba basalt, located in the northern margin of the North China Craton, is a typical intra-continental basalt with ocean island basalt-like geochemical features and has been extensively studied. However, its origin and deep processes, such as magma mixing and crystallization conditions, are still unclear. To further understand the mechanisms leading to the compositional heterogeneity and magmatic processes of Hannuoba basalt at crustal and/or mantle depth, in situ major element, trace element, and 87Sr/86Sr compositional heterogeneity of four representative plagioclase crystals in three Hannuoba tholeiite samples, as well as whole-rock major and trace element data, are reported. According to the petrographic characteristics, the basalts are divided into fine-grained and coarse-grained groups. The anorthite content in plagioclase of samples varies in a small range (56–64%), but the content of trace elements in plagioclase from the coarse-grained samples is generally higher than that of the fine-grained samples. Clinopyroxene-melt equilibrium thermobarometer and plagioclase-clinopyroxene magnesium and rare earth element exchange thermometers show that the magma for the two types of basalt was stored and crystallized at a similar depth, and crystallized within a 20 °C (fine-grained basalt) and 50 °C (coarse-grained basalt) temperature window, which may be a reason for the grain size diferences between the two types of basalts. We found that 87Sr/86Sr of all the studied plagioclase crystals varied from 0.70333 ± 0.00018 (2SE) to 0.70556 ± 0.00031 (2SE), a much large range than the whole rock of Hannuoba basalts reported previously and consistent with that of Cenozoic basalts in North China. Therefore, at least two kinds of melts with significant differences in isotope and minor heterogeneity in major and trace elements are injected into each magma plumbing system. The content of trace elements in the Hanuoba tholeiite is between the Hanuoba alkaline basalt and the lower crust, which may be explained by the mixing of the alkaline basalt and the lower crust, but the low 87Sr/86Sr (<0.704) characteristics of plagioclase cannot be derived from alkaline basalts, because trace element abundances in the plagioclase are not in equilibrium with the alkaline basalt. Therefore, we believe that the compositional heterogeneity of Hannuoba tholeiitic basalt is caused by the mixing of heterogeneous lower crust rather than different mantle-derived melts. In turn this indicates that the contribution of the continental lower crust to the continental basalt is more complicated than previously recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease with systemic involvement, and its pathophysiology remains unclear. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the Chinese population have revealed an association between AOSD and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus; however, causal variants in the MHC remain undetermined. In the present study, we identified independent amino-acid polymorphisms in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules that are associated with Han Chinese patients with AOSD by fine-mapping the MHC locus. Through conditional analyses, we identified position 34 in HLA-DQα1 (p = 1.44 × 10−14) and Asn in HLA-DRβ1 position 37 (p = 5.12 × 10−11) as the major determinants for AOSD. Moreover, we identified the associations for three main HLA class II alleles: HLA-DQB1*06:02 (OR = 2.70, p = 3.02 × 10−14), HLA-DRB1*15:01 (OR = 2.44, p = 3.66 × 10−13), and HLA-DQA1*01:02 (OR = 1.97, p = 1.09 × 10−9). This study reveals the relationship between functional variations in the class II HLA region and AOSD, implicating the MHC locus in the pathogenesis of AOSD. • The most significant association was located in the HLA II region，mainly HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQA1. • The top SNP (rs1136759, 2.52E-22) was at a missense variant in HLA-DRB1. • Three top classical alleles are: HLA-DQB1*06:02, HLA-DRB1*15:01 and HLA-DQA1 *01:02. • HLA-DQα1_34 and HLA-DRβ1_37 are major independent MHC risk for AOSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flexible Li-air battery (FLAB) with ultrahigh energy density is a hopeful candidate for flexible energy storage devices. However, most current FLAB operate in a pure oxygen atmosphere, which is limited by safety and corrosion issues from the metallic lithium anode and has thus greatly impeded the application of FLAB. Now, inspired by the protection effect of the umbrella, a stable hydrophobic composite polymer electrolyte (SHCPE) film with high flexibility, hydrophobicity, and stability was fabricated to protect the lithium anode. The SHCPE mitigated lithium corrosion and improved the capacity, rate performance, and cycle life (from 24 cycles to 95 cycles) of a battery in the ambient air. Based on the protection of SHCPE and the catalysis of MnOOH, the prepared pouch-type FLAB displayed high flexibility, stable performances, long cycling life (180 cycles), and excellent safety; the battery can bear soaking in water, high temperature, and nail penetration., (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Objectives: As a rare systemic autoinflammatory disease, adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) has heterogeneous clinical manifestations, response to treatment and outcome. This study tried to assess the clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and treatments of Chinese AOSD patients, and make a retrospective analysis., Methods: We collected from 7 hospitals in China a total of 517 Chinese patients with AOSD who satisfied the Yamaguchi criteria. We retrospectively evaluated their clinical features, laboratory tests, treatments and compared them with published data from different studies. All the data in this study were from medical records and further statistic analyses., Results: We evaluated a total of 517 AOSD patients, 72% female, average age of onset was 37.7; spiking fever, rash and arthralgia occurred in 472 (91.3%), 413 (79.9%), 378 (73.1%) cases, respectively. There were 439/513 (85.6%) cases with leukocytosis and 456/476 (95.8%) cases with raised serum ferritin. The highest frequently used medications and regimens for remission were glucocorticoids (498/517, 96.3%), methotrexate (273/517, 52.8%) and hydroxychloroquine (174/517, 33.7%). 84.4%. 357/423 of AOSD cases were able to achieve initial remission with different regimens, mostly including glucocorticoids, methotrexate or hydroxychloroquine. 47.2% of them (244/517) received 30

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and clinical associations of antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies (aPS/PT) with thrombosis and pregnancy loss in Chinese patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and seronegative APS (SNAPS)., Methods: One hundred and eighty six Chinese patients with APS (67 primary, 119 secondary), 48 with SNAPS, 176 disease controls (79 systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], 29 Sjogren's syndrome [SS], 30 ankylosing spondylitis [AS], 38 rheumatoid arthritis [RA]) and 90 healthy donors were examined. IgG and IgM aPS/PT, IgG/IgM/IgA anticardiolipin (aCL) and IgG/IgM/IgA anti-β2-glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) antibodies were tested by ELISA., Results: One hundred and sixty (86.0%) of APS patients were positive for at least one aPS/PT isotype. One hundred and thirty five (72.6%) were positive for IgG aPS/PT, 124/186 (66.7%) positive for IgM aPS/PT and 99 (53.2%) positive for both. Approximately half of the SNAPS patients were positive for IgG and/or IgM aPS/PT. Highly significant associations between IgG aPS/PT and venous thrombotic events (odds ratio [OR]=6.72) and IgG/IgM aPS/PT and pregnancy loss (OR=9.44) were found. Levels of IgM aPS/PT were significantly different in APS patients with thrombotic manifestations and those with fetal loss (p=0.014). The association between IgG/IgM aPS/PT and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) was highly significant (p<0.001). When both were positive, the OR for APS was 101.6. Notably, 91.95% (80/87) of LAC-positive specimens were positive for IgG and/or IgM aPS/PT, suggesting aPS/PT is an effective option when LAC testing is not available., Conclusions: Anti-PS/PT antibody assays demonstrated high diagnostic performance for Chinese patients with APS, detected some APS patients negative for criteria markers and may serve as potential risk predictors for venous thrombosis and obstetric complications.