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2. Elevated temperature-humidity index induces physiological, blood and milk alterations in Holstein cows in a more pronounced manner than in ½ and ¾ Holstein × Gir

Author

STUMPF, M. T., KOLLING, G. J., FISCHER, V., DALTRO, D. dos S., ALFONZO, E. P. M., DALCIN, V. C., DIAS, L. T., SILVA, M. V. G. B., PERIPOLLI, V., MCMANUS, C. M., MARCELO TEMPEL STUMPF, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, GIOVANI JACOB KOLLING, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, VIVIAN FISCHER, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, DARLENE DOS SANTOS DALTRO, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, EVELYN PRISCILA MUNCHEN ALFONZO, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, VANESSA CALDERARO DALCIN, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, LAILA TALARICO DIAS, Universidade Federal de Paraná, MARCOS VINICIUS GUALBERTO B SILVA, CNPGL, VANESSA PERIPOLLI, Instituto Federal Catarinense, and CONCEPTA MARGARET MCMANUS, Universidade de Brasília.

Subjects
Heat tolerance, Alteração sanguínea, Produção Leiteira, Milk yield, Blood alterations, Physiology, Tolerância ao calor, Fisiologia, Dairy cattle, Gado Leiteiro
Abstract

Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus cattle subspecies present different capabilities in coping with situations of elevated temperatures, the latter being more tolerant to heat stress. Thus, some breeding programs crossed these subspecies to produce a high producing yet heat-tolerant breed (Girolando). Nineteen Holstein (H100) and 19 Girolando cows [(½ Holstein × Gir (H50) and ¾ Holstein × Gir (H75)] with similar milk production were used in a six-day experiment to evaluate the consequences of heat stress due to shade deprivation on their physiological, blood and milk traits. Cows were exposed to a non-shaded environment between morning (06:00h; GMT -3:00) and evening milking (14:30h; GMT -3:00) with access to water ad libitum. Procedures were conducted before morning and evening milkings. Physiological parameters related to mechanisms of heat dissipation were measured, as well as the milk composition. Blood traits were evaluated. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated. Statistical procedures included analysis of variance, correlation, and principal factors. THI was elevated during the trial and negatively impacted physiological, milk, and blood parameters in H100, H75, and H50. Alterations in physiology, milk stability, milk composition, and blood traits were more pronounced in H100. Holstein cows presented changes in physiological parameters in a more pronounced manner and in some milk and blood traits related to the reduced capability of this breed in dealing with elevated THI. The similarity in milk production levels excludes this parameter as a justification for differences in heat tolerance, with genetic composition being the main reason for these results. Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-25T12:04:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elevated-temperature-humidity.pdf: 761551 bytes, checksum: 0e2950a57ff402580f102316e5cd8df9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Published
2021

4. Infrared thermography as a method for evaluating the heat tolerance in dairy cows

Author

DALTRO, D. dos S., FISCHER, V., ALFONZO, E. P. M., DALCIN, V. C., STUMPF, M. T., KOLLING, G., SILVA, M. V. G. B., McMANUS, C. M., DARLENE DOS SANTOS DALTRO, UFRGS, VIVIAN FISCHER, UFRGS, EVELYN PRISCILA MÜNCHEN ALFONZO, UFRGS, VANESSA CALDERARO DALCIN, Secretaria Estadual da Agricultura e Pecuária, Estrela, RS, MARCELO TEMPEL STUMPF, UFRGS, GIOVANI KOLLING, UFRGS, MARCOS VINICIUS GUALBERTO B SILVA, CNPGL, and CONCEPTA MARGARET McMANUS, UnB.

Subjects
dairy cattle, Thermographic images, Thermal comfort, animal welfare
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T23:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cnpgl2017RevBrasZootInfrared.pdf: 1742584 bytes, checksum: 140e37615fe7436aac110ed6a92a7b29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-20

Published
2017

5. Metabolic attributes, yield and stability of milk in Jersey cows fed diets containing sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate

Author

STUMPF, M. T., FISCHER, V., KOLLING, G. J., ZANELA, M. B., RIBEIRO, M. E. R., ABREU, A. S. de, MARCELO TEMPEL STUMPF, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, VIVIAN FISCHER, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, GIOVANI JACOB KOLLING, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, MAIRA BALBINOTTI ZANELA, CPACT, MARIA EDI ROCHA RIBEIRO, CPACT, and ALEXANDRE SUSENBACH DE ABREU, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL.

Subjects
Alcohol test, Aditivos, Leite instável não ácido, Unstable nonacid milk, Teste do álcool, Bos Taurus, additives
Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the inclusion of sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate in the diet of lactating Jersey cows, and its effects on the metabolic attributes, productivity and stability of milk. We evaluated urinary pH, levels of glucose and urea in blood, body weight, body condition score, milk yield, milk stability (ethanol test), and milk physicochemical properties of 17 cows fed diets containing sodium citrate (100 g per cow per day), sodium bicarbonate (40 g per cow per day) or no additives. Assessments were made at the 28th and 44th days. Supply of sodium citrate or bicarbonate has no influence on the metabolic attributes, productivity, body weight, and body condition score of the cows, neither on the composition and stability of milk. Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-10T00:30:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Stumpf2013PAB.pdf: 416394 bytes, checksum: 8337a7adbe68eaf3679351ee295ff871 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-06 Notas científicas.

Published
2013

6. Leite instável não ácido: um problema solucionável?

Author

FISCHER, V., RIBEIRO, M. E. R., ZANELA, M. B., MARQUES, L. T., ABREU, A. S., MACHADO, S. C., FRUSCALSO, V., BARBOSA, R. S., STUMPF, M. T., MARIA EDI ROCHA RIBEIRO, CPACT, and MAIRA BALBINOTTI ZANELA, CPACT.

Subjects
Teste do álcool, Estabilidade do Leite, LINA, Leite, Leite Instável Não Ácido
Abstract

O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar os principais resultados de pesquisa sobre o leite instável não ácido ou LINA. A proporção de amostras de leite com estabilidade térmica abaixo do mínimo exigido pela indústria configura em um sério problema, com uma ocorrência mais elevada durante os períodos de carência alimentar. Trata-se um problema multifatorial cujos fatores intervenientes são relacionados à execução do teste (concentração do álcool), manejo (alimentação, clima, relação homem-animal), ao animal (suscetibilidade ao estresse, potencial produtivo, estádio da lactação, sanidade, problemas digestivos e metabólicos, frações da caseína), entre outros. Existem dúvidas quanto à capacidade do teste do álcool em estimar a estabilidade térmica do leite. A indústria necessita de um teste rápido, de baixo custo e que realmente identifique o leite adequado ao processamento térmico. O manejo correto dos animais aliado ao uso de parâmetros realistas de execução do teste do álcool podem contribuir para melhorar a estabilidade do leite. Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-12T12:50:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 16069.pdf: 198817 bytes, checksum: d1a529f5416033939fc60ceb448230b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-11

Published
2012

7. Access to shade changes behavioral and physiological attributes of dairy cows during the hot season in the subtropics.

Author

Vizzotto, E. F, Fischer, V., Thaler Neto, A., Abreu, A. S., Stumpf, M. T, Werncke, D., Schmidt, F. A, and McManus, C. M.

Abstract

The effect of shade on behavior and physiological attributes of grazing cows in a high altitude subtropical zone is not well established. This work aimed to investigate how social and ingestive behaviors, as well as physiological and other attributes of dairy cows such as milk production, change in a subtropical environment during the hot season either with or without free access to shade. Fourteen lactating cows were kept on pasture either with no shade or with free access to shade for 5 days and their behavior was recorded with instantaneous scan sampled every 10 min, from sunrise, 0530 h (Greenwich mean time, GMT−0200 h) to sunset, 2100 h (GMT−0200 h). Behavior traits included (1) time spent in activities such as grazing, ruminating, resting, lying, standing, walking, seeking shade and staying in the proximity to the water trough and (2) number of events such as water ingestion, aggressive interactions, as well as competition for shade and water. Physiological attributes such as heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, number of rumen movements, panting score, as well as milk yield, were evaluated. Time spent in behavioral activities, number of behavioral events and physiological attributes varied between groups (with and without access to shade). Cows with no shade showed increased respiratory and heart rates and panting score at 1300 h, higher values for time of permanence near the water trough, number of competition and aggression events for shade. On the other hand, they showed lower values for time spent resting while lying, ruminating while standing, seeking shade. Access to shade did not change time spent lying, standing, walking with the head up, ruminating while lying, resting while standing, as well as milk yield and number of ruminal movements. Significant interactions between access to shade and days of measurements were detected for time spent walking, ruminating, grazing, resting, number of water ingestion events, competition events near the water trough and for shade, as well as for rectal temperature and panting score measured at 1700 h. In the high altitude subtropical region, access to shade minimizes negative heat stress effects on behavior and physiological aspects of dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2015
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8. Severe feed restriction increases permeability of mammary gland cell tight junctions and reduces ethanol stability of milk.

Author

Stumpf, M. T., Fischer, V., McManus, C. M., Kolling, G. J., Zanela, M. B., Santos, C. S., Abreu, A. S., and Montagner, P.

Abstract

A total of twelve lactating Jersey cows were used in a 5-week experiment to determine the effects of severe feed restriction on the permeability of mammary gland cell tight junctions (TJs) and its effects on milk stability to the alcohol test. During the first 2 weeks, cows were managed and fed together and received the same diet according to their nutritional requirements (full diet: 15 kg of sugar cane silage; 5.8 kg of alfalfa hay; 0.16 kg of mineral salt and 6.2 kg of concentrate). In the 3rd week, animals were distributed into two groups of six cows each. One group received the full diet and the other a restricted diet (50% of the full diet). In the 4th and 5th weeks, all animals received the full diet again. Milk composition and other attributes, such as titratable acidity, ethanol stability, pH, density and somatic cell count (SCC) were evaluated. Cortisol levels indicated the stress condition of the cows. Plasma lactose and milk sodium were measured to assess mammary TJ leakiness. Principal factor analysis (PFA) showed that the first two principal factors (PFs) contributed with 44.47% and 20.57% of the total variance in the experiment and, as feeding levels increased, milk stability to the ethanol test became higher and plasma lactose levels decreased, which indicates lower permeability of the mammary gland cell TJ. Correspondence analyses were consistent with PFA and also showed that lower feeding levels were related to reduced milk stability, high plasma lactose, high sodium in milk, low milk lactose (another parameter used to assess TJ permeability) and higher cortisol levels, indicating the stress to which animals were submitted. All observations were grouped in three clusters, with some of the above-mentioned patterns. Feeding restriction was associated with higher permeability of TJ, decreasing milk stability to the ethanol test. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2013
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10. Silent voices.

Author

Stumpf MT

Subjects
Adolescent, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aphasia psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Students, Nursing, Aphasia nursing, Nurse-Patient Relations
Published
1995
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