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Summary Objective To investigate sex bias in laryngology research and publishing. Materials and Methods Articles published in 2019 in seven mainstream otolaryngology journals were reviewed. Original manuscripts were included. Study type (medical, speech-language pathology, basic science, or pedagogy), subject sex, ≥50% sex-matching (SM≥50), sex-based analysis, and bibliometric data including author sex were recorded. Results Of 1619 publications reviewed, 259 patient-centered original laryngology studies were included, totaling 7,130,991 subjects (3,411,741 [47.8%] male; 3,718,694 [52.1%] female; 556 [0.0%] unreported). 29 studies included subjects of a single sex and 14 did not report sex. 114 (44%) studies met SM≥50, and 95 (37%) used sex-based analysis; no differences were found among study types or location. Sex-based analysis was used less in single-institution (33%) than database studies (62%, P = 0.01). No difference in SM≥50 was found among single or multi-institution, or database. There were 1340 total authors (578 [43%] female). First, corresponding, and senior authors were 47%, 39%, and 35% female, respectively. Studies that had female first and/or senior authors did not differ in rates of SM≥50 or sex-based analysis or mean enrollment of females compared to studies with male first and senior authors. The proportion of female physician first and senior authors did not differ from the proportion of female Association of American Medical Colleges otolaryngology faculty, but was non-significantly smaller than the proportion of female laryngology fellows at four academic institutions. Conclusion Laryngology research exhibits sex bias in subject enrollment and sex-based analysis. Female authorship was representative of national demographics and author sex did not influence the rate of sex bias.

El COVID-19 ha tenido un gran impacto en la ciencia. Se ha convertido en un frente de investigación mundial que cons-tituye un fenómeno único de interés para la comunidad cienciométrica. En consecuencia, han proliferado los trabajos descriptivos de COVID-19 que utilizan las altmétricas. Las métricas de medios sociales sirven para entender cómo se comparte y discute la investigación y uno de los puntos clave es determinar qué factores condicionan las altmétricas. El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar si las menciones altmétricas de los estudios médicos de COVID-19 están asociadas al tipo de estudio y a su nivel de evidencia. Los datos se recogieron de las bases de datos PubMed y Altmetric.com. Se recuperó un total de 16.672 publicaciones clasificadas por tipo de estudio (por ejemplo, informes de casos, en-sayos clínicos o metaanálisis) publicadas en el año 2021 y con al menos una mención altmétrica. Los indicadores altmé-tricos considerados fueron el Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), las menciones en noticias, las menciones en Twitter y los lectores de Mendeley. Una vez creado el conjunto de datos de COVID-19, el primer paso fue realizar un estudio descrip-tivo. A continuación, se contrastó la hipótesis de normalidad mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, y dado que resultó significativa en todos los casos, se realizó la comparación global de grupos mediante la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis. Cuando esta prueba rechazó la hipótesis nula, las comparaciones por pares se realizaron con la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, y la intensidad de la posible asociación se midió mediante el coeficiente V de Cramer. Los resultadosPilar Valderrama-Baca; Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado; Daniel Torres-Salinase320213 Profesional de la información, 2023, v. 32, n. 2. e-ISSN: 1699-2407 2FinanciaciónEste trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (PID2019-109127RB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033), y la Junta de Andalucía (A-SEJ-638-UGR20). Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado tiene un contrato de formación de profesorado universitario (FPU) (FPU18/05835) del Ministerio de Universidades de Es-paña.sugieren que los datos no se ajustan a una distribución normal. La prueba U de Mann-Whitney reveló coincidencias en cinco grupos de tipos de estudio, siendo el indicador altmétrico con más coincidencias las menciones de noticias y los tipos de estudio con más coincidencias las revisiones sistemáticas junto con los metaanálisis, que coincidieron con cua-tro indicadores altmétricos. Asimismo, entre los tipos de estudio y los indicadores altmétricos se observó una asociación débil pero significativa a través de la chi-cuadrado y la V de Cramer. Se concluye que la asociación positiva entre altmé-tricas y tipos de estudio en medicina podría reflejar el nivel de la “pirámide” de la evidencia científica

Background Shock index pediatric age-adjusted (SIPA) is a validated measure to identify severely injured children. Previous literature categorized SIPA as normal or elevated, but the relationship between specific SIPA values and outcomes has not been determined. We sought to determine specific SIPA cut points in the pre-hospital and Emergency Department (ED) settings to identify patients at risk for massive transfusion (MT) and/or mortality. Methods Patients ≤ 18 years old admitted to our Level I pediatric trauma center following trauma activation were included. Youdin J index was used to define pre-hospital and ED SIPA cut points to identify those at risk of MT and/or mortality for the following age groups: 12 years old. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to determine SIPA threshold values associated with MT and/or mortality. Results Of 1,072 patients, 6.3% (n = 68) required MT and 8.4% (n = 90) died. For predicting MT, pre-hospital SIPA cut points performed best in the > 12 year-old age group (AUC = 0.86) and ED SIPA cut points performed best in the 6–12 year-old age group (AUC = 0.87). For predicting mortality, pre-hospital (AUC = 0.78) and ED SIPA cut points (AUC = 0.84) performed best in the > 12 year-old age group. Conclusion Pre-hospital and ED SIPA cut points performed better at predicting MT and/or mortality in older pediatric patients compared to very young children. Age remains an important factor when determining the validity of SIPA to predict outcomes in pediatric trauma patients. Study type/level of evidence Level III, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Rhabdomyolysis is a frequent complication in war wounded. Its complex pathophysiology suggests that it not only affects kidneys but also other organs such as the liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between creatine kinase (CK) and liver enzymes in war wounded with rhabdomyolysis.War wounded admitted to the intensive care unit of Percy Military Hospital between 2009 and 2017 with a rhabdomyolysis (CK peak1,000 U/L) were included. They were divided in two groups: mild (CK peak10,000 U/L) and severe rhabdomyolysis (CK peak ≥10,000 U/L). Demographic characteristics, peaks in transaminases, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and CK were recorded. Mann Whitney-U test and, Fisher's exact test were used as appropriate. A Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between CK and liver enzymes after a log-normal transformation of the data.Fifty-one patients were included (31 in the mild and 20 in the severe rhabdomyolysis group). Patients in the severe rhabdomyolysis group were more likely victims of explosions (85% vs 39%, p = 0.003). The transaminases peak was significantly higher in the severe rhabdomyolysis group (median AST peak 398 (270-944) vs 91 (63-157) U/L, p0.0001, and median ALT peak 106 (77-235) vs 45 (34-71) U/L, p0.0001). Bilirubin and ALP were higher in the severe rhabdomyolysis group (39 (25-49) vs 14(11-23) U/L, p = 0.0031 and 84 (55-170) vs 52 (39-85) U/L, p = 0.0063, respectively). We found a significant positive linear correlation between CK and ALT (r = 0.73, p0.0001), AST (r = 0.89, p0.0001), ALP (r = 0.41, p = 0.0035), and bilirubin (r = 0.37, p = 0.0083).We found a statistically significant positive correlation between CK and liver enzymes in rhabdomyolysis war wounded, indicating that hepatic damage occurs when rhabdomyolysis is severe and associated with elevated bilirubin and ALP. Further studies are needed to confirm this phenomenon and elucidate the pathophysiological mechanism.IV STUDY TYPE: Diagnostic.

Este estudio se basa en una comunicación presentada en la conferencia STI2022 en Granada, España, pero ha sido revisado en su totalidad: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6957471, El COVID-19 ha tenido un gran impacto en la ciencia. Se ha convertido en un frente de investigación mundial que cons- tituye un fenómeno único de interés para la comunidad cienciométrica. En consecuencia, han proliferado los trabajos descriptivos de COVID-19 que utilizan las altmétricas. Las métricas de medios sociales sirven para entender cómo se comparte y discute la investigación y uno de los puntos clave es determinar qué factores condicionan las altmétricas. El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar si las menciones altmétricas de los estudios médicos de COVID-19 están asociadas al tipo de estudio y a su nivel de evidencia. Los datos se recogieron de las bases de datos PubMed y Altmetric. com. Se recuperó un total de 16.672 publicaciones clasificadas por tipo de estudio (por ejemplo, informes de casos, en- sayos clínicos o metaanálisis) publicadas en el año 2021 y con al menos una mención altmétrica. Los indicadores altmé- tricos considerados fueron el Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), las menciones en noticias, las menciones en Twitter y los lectores de Mendeley. Una vez creado el conjunto de datos de COVID-19, el primer paso fue realizar un estudio descrip- tivo. A continuación, se contrastó la hipótesis de normalidad mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, y dado que resultó significativa en todos los casos, se realizó la comparación global de grupos mediante la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis. Cuando esta prueba rechazó la hipótesis nula, las comparaciones por pares se realizaron con la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, y la intensidad de la posible asociación se midió mediante el coeficiente V de Cramer. Los resultados sugieren que los datos no se ajustan a una distribución normal. La prueba U de Mann-Whitney reveló coincidencias en cinco grupos de tipos de estudio, siendo el indicador altmétrico con más coincidencias las menciones de noticias y los tipos de estudio con más coincidencias las revisiones sistemáticas junto con los metaanálisis, que coincidieron con cua- tro indicadores altmétricos. Asimismo, entre los tipos de estudio y los indicadores altmétricos se observó una asociación débil pero significativa a través de la chi-cuadrado y la V de Cramer. Se concluye que la asociación positiva entre altmé- tricas y tipos de estudio en medicina podría reflejar el nivel de la “pirámide” de la evidencia científica., COVID-19 has greatly impacted science. It has become a global research front that constitutes a unique phenomenon of interest for the scientometric community. Accordingly, there has been a proliferation of descriptive studies on COVID-19 papers using altmetrics. Social media metrics serve to elucidate how research is shared and discussed, and one of the key points is to determine which factors are well-conditioned altmetric values. The main objective of this study is to analyze whether the altmetric mentions of COVID-19 medical studies are associated with the type of study and its level of evidence. Data were collected from the PubMed and Altmetric.com databases. A total of 16,672 study types (e.g., case reports, clinical trials, or meta-analyses) that were published in the year 2021 and that had at least one altmetric men- tion were retrieved. The altmetric indicators considered were Altmetric Attention Score (AAS), news mentions, Twitter mentions, and Mendeley readers. Once the dataset of COVID-19 had been created, the first step was to carry out a des- criptive study. Then, a normality hypothesis was evaluated by means of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and since this was significant in all cases, the overall comparison of groups was performed using the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test. When this test rejected the null hypothesis, pairwise comparisons were performed with the Mann–Whitney U test, and the intensity of the possible association was measured using Cramer’s V coefficient. The results suggest that the data do not fit a normal distribution. The Mann–Whitney U test revealed coincidences in five groups of study types: The alt- metric indicator with most coincidences was news mentions, and the study types with the most coincidences were the systematic reviews together with the meta-analyses, which coincided with four altmetric indicators. Likewise, between the study types and the altmetric indicators, a weak but significant association was observed through the chi-square and Cramer’s V. It can thus be concluded that the positive association between altmetrics and study types in medicine could reflect the level of the “pyramid” of scientific evidence., Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (PID2019-109127RB-I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033), y la Junta de Andalucía (A-SEJ-638-UGR20). Wenceslao Arroyo-Machado tiene un contrato de formación de profesorado universitario (FPU) (FPU18/05835) del Ministerio de Universidades de España.

BACKGROUND Academic conferences such as the annual Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) meeting provide opportunities to present up-to-date scientific work that can influence clinical decision making. This study reviewed 4 years of abstracts presented at POSNA to assess trends in poster and podium presentation publication rates and associated metrics and the impact of academic presentations on the pediatric orthopaedic literature. METHODS All abstracts presented at POSNA annual meetings from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed for presentation type, subspeciality, level of evidence, study design, peer-reviewed publication within 4 years of presentation, 1-year publication rates, journal impact factors, number of authors, and citations of the final publication. χ2, analysis of variance, and t tests were conducted to measure independence of variables. Statistical significance was indicated at P

Background: There are a lot of theories about how Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection affects many diseases, one of them is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). However, the relation remains controversial between DM and HBV as an infection. This study aims to evaluate HBV infection as a risk factor for developing DM.Method: A systematic review was performed using medical search engines such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect and GoogleScholar. References until February 2021 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The primary outcome was the prevalence of DM. Authors also perform Subgroup analyses based on study type. The extracted data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 application.Results: A total of 20 studies were analyzed with 245,468,411 subjects included. In which divided into two groups, patients with HBV infected group and non infected HBV group. Authors found that there is a statistically difference between patients with HBV infected groups and non infected HBV groups on the primary outcome which is the prevalence of DM (OR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.41; p = 0.0006). Authors also found the same results based on study type both in case-control (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.08-2.85; p = 0.02) and cross-sectional (OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.05-1.85; p = 0.02) studies. Meanwhile in Cohort studies the results show no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.87-1.33; p = 0.52). Conclusion: HBV infected patients have a higher risk of developing DM than patients without HBV infection.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin illness with an autoimmune pathogenic mannerisms and genetic tendency. It is regarded as erythematous plaques sheltered with silvery scales predominantly over the extensor exteriors, scalp, and lumbosacral region. The prevalence in Saudi Arabia was projected to be 5.3% (53% of psoriasis patients develop it before 30 years of age. Aim: The main objective of this study is to summarize the current evidence regarding prevalence, types, risk factors, associated comorbidities and management of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a systematic review was carried out, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO that examining previous studies regarding psoriasis in KSA. Authors extracted the data, and then the author's names, year and region of publication, the study type, period of study, and the result were reported. Results: The review included 7 studies that illustrate prevalence, types, risk factors, associated comorbidities and management of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: The incidence of psoriasis in Saudi Arabia is within previously reported figures worldwide. Family history seems to have a strong association with the occurrence of psoriasis. CVD and psychological disorders seem to be prevalent Saudi psoriatic patients. Topical medications are widely used and effective in psoriasis management in Saudi Arabia.

The Physics curriculum in Mozambique is divided into didactic units that recommend teaching activities in the classroom, in laboratories and complementary activities in different environments, in order to motivate students and making learning more practical. Therefore, the article aims to present the challenges of using information and communication technologies (ICTs) and student-centered Physics teaching in Mozambique. This is a descriptive research, of the case study type, based on the bibliographic method and questionnaire, with an online form, applied to 54 physics teachers, from different levels of education. It was found that several educational institutions in Mozambique don’t have teaching laboratories; during the training of teachers the necessary subsidies for the use of ICTs are not provided; and the learning aimed at the student has cognitive, affective and psychomotor advantages. It is concluded that with the use of ICTs and student-centered Physics teaching practices, virtual laboratories can be developed to meet the demand for experimental classes and make learning easier, dynamic and contextualized. However, the weak expansion of ICTs in rural areas is one of the factors that limit their use in teaching in Mozambique., O currículo de Física em Moçambique encontra-se dividido em unidades didáticas que preconizam atividades letivas na sala de aula, em laboratórios e atividades complementares em diversos ambientes, com vista a motivar os alunos e tornar a aprendizagem mais prática. Assim sendo, o artigo objetiva apresentar os desafios do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) e do ensino de Física centrado no aluno em Moçambique. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo estudo de caso, embasada pelo método bibliográfico e questionário, com formulário online, aplicado a 54 professores de Física, de diferentes níveis de ensino. Constatou-se que diversas instituições de ensino em Moçambique não têm laboratórios de ensino; durante a formação dos professores não se fornecem subsídios necessários para o uso das TICs; e a aprendizagem voltada ao aluno tem vantagens cognitivas, afetivas e psicomotoras. Conclui-se que com o uso das TICs e práticas de ensino de Física centrado no aluno, pode-se desenvolver laboratórios virtuais para fazer face a demanda de aulas experimentais e torna a aprendizagem mais fácil, dinâmica e contextualizada. Porém, a fraca expansão das TICs nas zonas rurais é um dos fatores que limita o seu uso no ensino em Moçambique.

Article. ClinicalTrials.gov is an online trial registry that provides public access to information on past, present, and future clinical trials. While increasing transparency in research, the quality of the information provided in trial registrations is highly variable. The objective of this study is to assess key areas of information on ClinicalTrials.gov in interventional trials involving people with spinal cord injuries. Interventional trials on ClinicalTrials.gov involving people with spinal cord injuries. A subset of data on interventional spinal cord injury trials was downloaded from ClinicalTrials.gov. Reviewers extracted information pertaining to study type, injury etiology, spinal cord injury characteristics, timing, study status, and results. Of the interventional trial registrations reviewed, 62.5%, 58.6%, and 24.3% reported injury level, severity, and etiology, respectively. The timing of intervention relative to injury was reported in 72.8% of registrations. Most trials identified a valid study status (89.2%), but only 23.5% of those completed studies had posted results. Our review provides a snapshot of interventional clinical trials conducted in the field of spinal cord injury and registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Areas for improvement were identified with regards to reporting injury characteristics, as well as posting results.

Objective Due to the increasing concerns about polypharmacy, there is a growing need for clinical recommendations for drug discontinuation. This requires studies investigating the process on several levels. This paper addresses the methodological problems of drug discontinuation trials (DDTs). To that end, we offer a new typology of research aims and corresponding methodological recommendations for trials evaluating drug discontinuation. Study Design and Setting Multi-stage development process, including literature search and expert panels. Results Clinical trials are only required in cases of scientific uncertainty. We identified three situations of uncertainty associated with drug discontinuation from which we derived three study types: 1) Uncertainty regarding the effectiveness and/or safety of a drug; 2) Uncertainty regarding the procedure of discontinuing a previously taken drug; 3) Uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of complex strategies used to discontinue one or more drugs. We developed specific methodological recommendations for each study type. Conclusion We offer a comprehensive definition of research aims, study designs, and methodological recommendations regarding DDTs. The typology we propose can help investigators clarify their research aims and study design. The type-specific methodological recommendation should improve the quality of future drug discontinuation trials.

This study aims to determine the marketing strategies and models of educational services at SMP Al Shadrina Muaradua. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The results showed that the data obtained in the form of exposure of the seven marketing mixes and the steps of promotional activities resulted from the data from the acquisition of students for three years experienced an increase. From the results of marketing activities, it was found that the most effective marketing activities were advertising, cooperation between public relations and all school members (such as market day activities and other school activities), personal interest, and also the use of good and appropriate media and promotional tools. The marketing strategy for education services at SMP Al Shadrina Muaradua has been implemented well, but documentation needs to be done to make it better.

BACKGROUND We have developed hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) by co-loading copper sulfide (CuS) NPs and glucose oxidase (GOD) (CuS@GOD NPs) to explore their antitumor properties. PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and R2 * mapping to quantitatively assess the early antitumor effect of CuS@GOD NPs. STUDY TYPE Prospective. ANIMAL MODEL The orthotopic BALB/c mice 4 T1 breast cancer model. The 4 T1 xenografts in group 1 mice received normal saline, group 2 received CuS@GOD NPs, group 3 received CuS NPs plus laser, and group 4 received CuS@GOD NPs plus laser (n = 28 for each group). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T/IVIM-DWI MRI single-shot echo-planar imaging, R2 * mapping spoiled gradient recalled echo (SPGR) sequence, T2-weighted images (T2WI) and T1-weighted images (T1WI) fast spin echo (FSE) sequence. ASSESSMENT The IVIM-DWI and R2 * mapping were performed before and after treatment at 0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 24 hours in four groups and the MRI parameters were obtained. Correlation analysis between the MRI parameters and histological analyses was conducted. STATISTICAL TESTS One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, two independent samples t test, intraclass correlation coefficient. P

Introduction The Cochrane COVID‐19 Study Register (CCSR) is a public, continually updated database of COVID‐19 study references. The aim of this study‐based register is to support rapid and living evidence synthesis, including an evidence ecosystem of COVID‐19 research (CEOsys). In November and December 2020 we conducted an evaluation of the CCSR for CEOsys, measured its performance and identified areas for improvement. Methods For the evaluation we generated a purposive sample of 286 studies from 20 reviews to calculate the CCSR's comprehensiveness (sensitivity), accuracy (correctly classified and linked studies) and currency (time to publish and process references). Results Our sample showed that the CCSR had an overall comprehensiveness of 77.2%, with the highest coverage for interventional studies (94.4%). The study register had 100% coverage for trial registry records, 86.5% for journal articles and 52.4% for preprints. 98.3% of references were correctly classified with regard to study type, and 93.4% with regard to study aim. 89% of studies were correctly linked. 81.4% of references were published to the register in under 30 days, with 0.5 day (median) for trial registry records, 2 days for journal articles and 56 days for preprints. Conclusion The CCSR had high comprehensiveness, accurate study classifications and short publishing times for journal articles and trial registry records in the sample. We identified that coverage and publishing time for preprints needed improvement. Finally, the evaluation illustrated the value of a study‐based register for identifying additional study references for analysis in evidence synthesis.

BACKGROUND MRI is the most effective diagnostic tool of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), especially for early diagnosis, but its detection of subchondral or cortical fractures is less accurate than CT. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately stage ONFH in the peri-collapse period by MRI. PURPOSE To improve the accuracy of MR for distinguishing between Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stages 2 and 3A in ONFH. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. SUBJECTS One hundred and fifty five cases of ARCO stage 2/3A of ONFH underwent MR examinations, M/F = 72/83. CT was used as reference standard for collapse, which was decided by an orthopedist and a radiologist in consultation. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T/axial and coronal T1 -weighted Turbo Spin Echo (T1 W TSE) sequence, axial T2 -weighted fat-saturated (T2 W FS) TSE sequence, and coronal proton density-weighted imaging (PDWI)-FS-Dixon fat/water image. ASSESSMENT Five potential MR signs (the maximum width of the necrotic-viable interface, bone marrow edema (BME), irregular articular surface of the femoral head, T2 heterogeneous high signal, and the absence of a necrotic-viable interface with the morphology of closed loop) were evaluated blindly by five radiologists independently and the total scores of different combinations of MR signs were calculated. STATISTICAL TESTS Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to evaluate age, gender, and MR signs differences between the two groups. ROC curve was used to access the distinguishing value of MR signs. The consistency of the five radiologists was analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS The area under the curve of the combined MR signs 2 for distinguishing between ARCO stages 2 and 3A was the greatest (0.967), sensitivity and specificity were 100.00% and 88.71% respectively, and greater than 1 was the threshold. DATA CONCLUSION Combined MR signs 2 has great values in distinguishing between ARCO stages 2 and 3A in ONFH, thus helping clinical therapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

The study is done with the goal of providing a glimpse of what media is effectively used in assisting remote math. The method used in the study is a qualitative approach with a library study type (library research). Retrieval with a documentary technique that is, locate appropriate literature sources through books, research journals and other sources of information relating to effective long-range learning media in mathematics. To see the effectiveness of media using media indicators in the long-range learning system: (1) create motivation, (2) increase learning yields, (3) make learners remember old knowledge, (4) learners capable of applying the knowledge learned. Research shows the media that can be used in long-distance math study is google classroom, learning video, Whatsapp, and zoom. However, effective media used in long-distance math study is google classroom and learning videos, Whatsapp and zoom is still less effective in the long-distance mathematical learning process

Background Biliary phosphatidylcholine (PtdC) concentration plays a role in the pathogenesis of bile duct diseases. In vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P-MRS) at 7 T offers the possibility to assess this concentration noninvasively with high spectral resolution and signal intensity. Purpose Comparison of PtdC levels of cholangiopathic patient groups to a control group using a measured T1 relaxation time of PtdC in healthy subjects. Study type Case control. Subjects Two patient groups with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC, 2f/3 m; age: 43 ± 7 years) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC, 4f/2 m; age: 57 ± 6 years), and a healthy control group (CON, 2f/3 m; age: 38 ± 7 years). Ten healthy subjects for the assessment of the T1 relaxation time of PtdC. Field strength/sequence A 3D phase-encoded pulse-acquire 31 P-MRSI sequence for PtdC quantification and a 1D image-selected in vivo 31 P spectroscopy for T1 estimation at 7 T, and a T2-weighted half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo MRI sequence for volumetry at 3 T. Assessment Calculation of gallbladder volumes and PtdC concentration in groups using hepatic gamma-adenosine triphosphate signal as an internal reference and correction for insufficient relaxation of PtdC with a T1 value assessed in healthy subjects. Statistical tests Group comparison of PtdC content and gallbladder volumes of the PSC/PBC and CON group using Student's t-tests with a significance level of 5%. Results PtdC T1 value of 357 ± 85 msec in the gallbladder. Significant lower PtdC content for the PSC group, and for the female subgroup of the PBC group compared to the CON group (PSC/CON: 5.74 ± 0.73 mM vs. 9.64 ± 0.97 mM, PBC(f)/CON: 5.77 ± 1.44 mM vs. 9.64 ± 0.97 mM). Significant higher gallbladder volumes of the patient groups compared to the CON group (PSC/CON: 66.3 ± 15.8 mL vs. 20.9 ± 2.2 mL, PBC/CON: 49.8 ± 18.2 mL vs. 20.9 ± 2.2 mL). Data conclusion This study demonstrated the application of a 31 P-MRSI protocol for the quantification of PtdC in the human gallbladder at 7 T. Observed differences in PtdC concentration suggest that this metabolite could serve as a biomarker for specific hepatobiliary disorders. Level of evidence 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 3.

Purpose: Identify the risk factors, microbiology, complications, and treatment outcomes of orbital cellulitis in West Texas Study type: Retrospective chart review Main findings: 46 patients over a 10-year period were treated for orbital cellulitis. The majority of patients were adult and male. The most common causative organisms were staphylococcus aureus and polymicrobial infections. Abscess formation, either subperiosteal or intraorbital, were the most common complications. The majority of patients regained normal visual acuity following resolution of the infection. Conclusion: Prompt treatment of orbital cellulitis results in limited complications and resolution of visual loss

Background & Aims Biannual ultrasound has poor sensitivity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. MRI is accurate for the detection of HCC, but a complete MRI is not feasible as a screening tool. Abbreviated MRI (AMRI) is an acceptable alternative. The diagnostic performance of different AMRI protocols is not known. We performed a systematic review to determine the diagnostic accuracy of AMRI for HCC screening. Methods We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of AMRI for HCC screening. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of different AMRI protocols were calculated based on a random intercept logistic regression model. The diagnostic performance of AMRI was compared with ultrasound. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results Of the 11,327 studies screened by titles, 15 studies (3 prospective and 12 retrospective: 2,807 patients, 917 with HCC) were included in the final analysis. The pooled per-patient sensitivity and specificity were 86% (95% CI 84–88%, I2 0%) and 94% (95% CI 91–96%, I2 83%), respectively. Pooled per-lesion sensitivity was 77% (95% CI 74–81%, I2 8%). There was no influence of study type, screening setting, reference standard, and presence and etiology of cirrhosis on the performance of AMRI. The sensitivity of AMRI for detection of HCC Conclusions AMRI has high sensitivity and specificity for HCC screening. Different AMRI protocols have comparable diagnostic performance. Lay summary Abbreviated MRI (AMRI) has been suggested as an alternative to ultrasound and complete MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. Our study results showed that AMRI has a high per-patient and per-lesion sensitivity for HCC. Although the sensitivity of AMRI for detection of HCC

BACKGROUND Older children and adults are susceptible to rotavirus, but the extent to which rotavirus affects this population is not fully understood, hindering accuracy of global rotavirus estimations. OBJECTIVE To determine what proportion of diarrhea cases are due to rotavirus among persons ≥ 5 years old and to estimate this proportion by age strata. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA guidelines. We included studies that reported on conditional rotavirus prevalence (i.e., percent of diarrhea due to rotavirus) in persons ≥ 5 years old who were symptomatic with diarrhea/gastroenteritis and had laboratory confirmation for rotavirus infection. Studies on nosocomial infections and outbreak investigations were excluded. We collected age group-specific conditional rotavirus prevalence and other variables, such as study geography, study setting, and study type. We calculated pooled conditional rotavirus prevalence, corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), heterogeneity (I2) estimates, and prediction intervals (PI). RESULTS Sixty-six studies from 32 countries met the inclusion criteria. Conditional rotavirus prevalence ranged from 0% to 30% across the studies. The total pooled prevalence of rotavirus among persons ≥ 5 years old with diarrhea was 7.6% (95% CI: 6.2-9.2%, I2 = 99.6%, PI: 0-24%). The pooled prevalence of rotavirus among older children and adolescents was 8.7% (95% CI: 6.2-11.7%, I2 = 96%, PI:0-27%), among younger adults was 5.4% (95% CI: 1.4-11.8%, I2 = 96%, PI:0-31%), and among older adults was 4.7% (95% CI: 2.8-7.0%, I2 = 96%, PI:0-16%). Pooled conditional rotavirus prevalences did not differ by other variables. CONCLUSION In this systematic review and meta-analysis of rotavirus among persons ≥ 5 years old with diarrhea, we found relatively low pooled conditional rotavirus prevalence compared to what is typically reported for children

In an increasingly advanced globalization era where the ability to speak English is a must in keeping up with the times. An analysis of the correlation between vocabulary mastery and students' speaking skills in English is needed. This is because vocabulary mastery is the main point for students to have good speaking skills. This study aims to determine the relationship between vocabulary mastery and speaking skills. This research uses a quantitative approach with a correlation study type. The sample in this study was 52 respondents in the second semester of the Department of English Education, the University of Nurul Jadid using the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using the Pearson Product Moment formula to determine whether there are a correlation and the level of correlation between mastery of English vocabulary and speaking skill.

This study aims to see how the communication patterns of parents to early childhood (AUD) in Karangjati Sinduadi RT 17 RW 41, Mlati District, Sleman Regency. This research is a qualitative research with a field study approach, a case study type. Sources of data obtained from this study are the words or actions of the interviewee and the observations related to this research.Based on the results of the study, it was found that initially the communication patterns of parents to early childhood were not good due to the different backgrounds of parents, and after the authors conducted research and observations and the authors provided a good and correct method of communication patterns to residents or parents, thank God the communication patterns Parents have started well, parents have implemented good communication patterns towards their families especially towards their children, namely: democratic or open communication patterns, then Laissez-Faire communication patterns.The next finding is that the character of early childhood has improved, children seem to have started to open up to their parents, after parents apply good and correct communication patterns to their children, then the children also look more familiar with their father and mother, and children have started telling stories often. to the father and mother about children's activities outside the home, either at school or playing with friends.

Background : Publications investigating the efficacy of surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) have increased exponentially. However, there is currently no standardized reporting structure for these studies, rendering both comparisons and extrapolation problematic. Methods : A subject matter expert group was formed by the Chest Wall Injury Society. This group conducted a review of the SSRF investigational literature and identified variable reporting within several general categories of relevant parameters. A compliment of guidelines was then generated. Results : The reporting guidelines consist of 26 recommendations in the categories of: (1) study type, (2) patient and injury characteristics, (3) patient treatments, (4) outcomes, and (5) statistical considerations. Conclusion : Our review identified inconsistencies in reporting within the investigational SSRF literature. In response to these inconsistencies, we propose a set of recommendations to standardize reporting of original investigations into the efficacy of SSRF.

BACKGROUND Preoperative prediction of extracapsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer (PCa) is important to guide clinical decision-making and improve patient prognosis. PURPOSE To investigate the value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-based peritumoral radiomics for preoperative prediction of the presence of ECE. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. POPULATION Two hundred eighty-four patients with PCa from two centers (center 1: 226 patients; center 2: 58 patients). Cases from center 1 were randomly divided into training (158 patients) and internal validation (68 patients) sets. Cases from center 2 were assigned to the external validation set. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3.0 T MRI scanners (three vendors). Sequence: Pelvic T2-weighted turbo/fast spin echo sequence and diffusion weighted echo planar imaging sequence. ASSESSMENT The peritumoral region (PTR) was obtained by 3-12 mm (half of the tumor length) 3D dilatation of the intratumoral region (ITR). Single-MRI radiomics signatures, mpMRI radiomics signatures, and integrated models, which combined clinical characteristics with the radiomics signatures were built. The discrimination ability was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the internal and external validation sets. STATISTICAL TESTS Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U-test, DeLong test. RESULTS The PTR radiomics signatures demonstrated significantly better performance than the corresponding ITR radiomics signatures (AUC: 0.674 vs. 0.554, P

Health literacy (HL) is an important component of national health policy. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of low HL (LHL) and determine its impact on outcomes after emergency general surgery (EGS).We performed a (2016-2017) prospective cohort analysis of adult EGS patients. HL was assessed using the Short Assessment of HL score. LHL was defined as Short Assessment of HL score14. Outcomes were the prevalence of LHL, compliance with medications, wound/drain care, 30-d complications, 30-d readmission, and time to resuming activities of daily living.We enrolled 900 patients. The mean age was 43 ± 11 y. Overall, 22% of the patients had LHL. LHL patients were more likely to be Hispanics (59% versus 15%, P 0.01), uninsured (50% versus 20%, P 0.01), have lower socioeconomic status (80% versus 40%, P 0.02), and are less likely to have completed college (5% versus 60%, P 0.01) compared with HL patients. On regression analysis, LHL was associated with lower medication compliance (OR: 0.81, [0.4-0.9], P = 0.02), inadequate wound/drain care (OR: 0.75, [0.5-0.8], P = 0.01), 30-d complications (OR: 1.95, [1.3-2.5], P 0.01), and 30-d readmission (OR: 1.51, [1.2-2.6], P = 0.02). The median time of resuming activities of daily living was longer in patients with LHL than HL patients (4 d versus 7 d, P 0.01).One in five patients undergoing EGS has LHL. LHL is associated with decreased compliance with discharge instructions, medications, and wound/drain care. Health literacy must be taken into account when discussing the postoperative plan and better instruction is needed for patients with LHL.Level III.Prognostic.

Introduction Tuberculosis is a principal mortality causes in world, and vaccination with BCG is a key for your prevention. Objective To evaluate the effect of studies plan from Medicine Bachelor's Degree of Universidad Guadalajara LAMAR about the knowledge about immunization against tuberculosis. Material and methods Quasi-experimental study type pre-experimental of comparison with a static group. Emplacement: Vallarta's Campus. Temporality: January-May 2018. Universe: 267 students. Sample: Non-randomized, n = 230 students, 94 from 1st semester (G1, intervention moment “A”), 106 from 4th semester (G2, intervention moment “B”) and 30 from 7th semester (G3, intervention moment “C”) from Medicine Bachelor's Degree, more 37 students from 1st semester from Bachelor's Degree not related with health sciences (G0, control). Sampling: Propositive. Selection criteria: Any age and gender and answer the instrument. Variables: Age, gender and knowledge about management of immunization against tuberculosis. Instrument: Written test collegiate. Analysis: Comparison by mean of statistics non-parametric (p = 0,05). Results Levels “high” and “very high” of knowledges: G0 0%, G1 0%, G2 32% and G3 37% (?2, p Conclusion The studies plan showed develops high knowledges about management of immunization against tuberculosis. There is a significant gap in this knowledge that does not vary substantially in advanced semesters.

Background Due to random motion of fetuses and maternal respirations, image quality of fetal brain MRIs varies considerably. To address this issue, visual inspection of the images is performed during acquisition phase and after 3D-reconstruction, and the images are re-acquired if they are deemed to be of insufficient quality. However, this process is time-consuming and subjective. Multi-instance (MI) deep learning methods (DLMs) may perform this task automatically. Purpose To propose an MI count-based DLM (MI-CB-DLM), an MI vote-based DLM (MI-VB-DLM), and an MI feature-embedding DLM (MI-FE-DLM) for automatic assessment of 3D fetal-brain MR image quality. To quantify influence of fetal gestational age (GA) on DLM performance. Study type Retrospective. Subjects Two hundred and seventy-one MR exams from 211 fetuses (mean GA ± SD = 30.9 ± 5.5 weeks). Field strength/sequence T2 -weighted single-shot fast spin-echo acquired at 1.5 T. Assessment The T2 -weighted images were reconstructed in 3D. Then, two fetal neuroradiologists, a clinical neuroscientist, and a fetal MRI technician independently labeled the reconstructed images as 1 or 0 based on image quality (1 = high; 0 = low). These labels were fused and served as ground truth. The proposed DLMs were trained and evaluated using three repeated 10-fold cross-validations (training and validation sets of 244 and 27 scans). To quantify GA influence, this variable was included as an input of the DLMs. Statistical tests DLM performance was evaluated using precision, recall, F-score, accuracy, and AUC values. Results Precision, recall, F-score, accuracy, and AUC averaged over the three cross validations were 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.93 ± 0.01, for MI-CB-DLM (without GA); 0.75 ± 0.03, 0.75 ± 0.03, 0.75 ± 0.03, 0.75 ± 0.03, 0.81 ± 0.03, for MI-VB-DLM (without GA); 0.81 ± 0.01, 0.81 ± 0.01, 0.81 ± 0.01, 0.81 ± 0.01, 0.89 ± 0.01, for MI-FE-DLM (without GA); and 0.86 ± 0.01, 0.86 ± 0.01, 0.86 ± 0.01, 0.86 ± 0.01, 0.93 ± 0.01, for MI-CB-DLM with GA. Data conclusion MI-CB-DLM performed better than other DLMs. Including GA as an input of MI-CB-DLM improved its performance. MI-CB-DLM may potentially be used to objectively and rapidly assess fetal MR image quality. Evidence level 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.

This article was written with the aim of discussing the situation of the people who live on the borders of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, which are classified as far from the reach of the government regarding justice and justice. The lack of concern for the conditions of life in the border region is a rebellion which has an effect on the sense or spirit of people's nationalism towards their own homeland. The method used in this article is a case study type qualitative approach. This article explains the definition of justice obtained from accountable sources and in this article discusses the conditions and situations of the people who live in the border area as a measure for the realization of equitable justice and justice. This article can later be used as a reference in realizing the welfare and justice of communities in border areas.

A inserção de alunos com deficiência, transtornos globais de desenvolvimento e altas habilidades/superdotação na escola tem desafiado os espaços escolares a construírem novas alternativas de ensino. Com intuito de atender as necessidades educacionais do aluno com deficiência, é de extrema importância adaptar recursos e estratégias de ensino no meio educacional. Nesse sentido, este estudo teve por objetivo verificar se os professores de educação física aplicam estratégias de ensino e utilizam recursos pedagógicos para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual em suas aulas no Ensino Fundamental I da rede regular de ensino de Ubá e Tocantins, ambas de Minas Gerais. A presente pesquisa desenvolveu-se sob uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. Participaram da pesquisa dois alunos com deficiência visual e dois professores de educação física, os quais foram entrevistados a partir de um roteiro pré-estabelecido. Para os registros das aulas, foi utilizado o roteiro de observação. Os dados obtidos foram processados no software IRAMUTEQ mediante análise de similitude. Os resultados apontaram que ambos os alunos se sentem incluídos nas aulas de educação física, assim como participam das atividades desenvolvidas em aula. Entre as estratégias de ensino utilizadas pelos professores identificadas no estudo, destacam-se o falar, a demonstração da atividade, a alteração de regras, quando necessária, e o estilo de ensino por tarefa. Concluiu-se que, apesar de apresentarem uma atitude positiva frente ao processo de inclusão de alunos com deficiência na rede regular de ensino, os professores não utilizam de maneira planejada a elaboração de estratégias e recursos pedagógicos. Recebido em: 30/10/2020 Reformulado em: 15/01/2021 Aceito em: 15/01/2021

ملخص تعتبر المبادرات المجتمعية من الوسائل الرئيسية لتحقيق الموائمة بين احتياجات المواطنين والموارد المتاحة والممکنة في المجتمع. والمبادرات الصحية دور أساسي في توفير الرعاية الصحية المناسبة لصحة المرأة لتساهم بشکل کبير في تحسين حياة المرأة الأمر الذي يؤدي الي قيامها بمسؤوليتها تجاه أسرتها والمجتمع بشکل أفضل، ومن هنا جاء الاهتمام بهذا البحث، وکانت أهداف البحث، کالتالي: 1- تحديد أهداف المبادرات الصحية الموجهة للمرأة . 2- رصد الفوائد الصحية الايجابية للمبادرات الصحية علي المرأة. 3- تحديد اسهامات المبادرات الصحية في تحسين حياة المرأة. وتمثل نوع الدراسة في الدراسة الوصفية / التحليلية ، باستخدام منهج المسح الاجتماعي بالعينة. تم أخذ عينة عمدية طبقية بلغ حجمها 450 من المستفيدات من المبادرات الصحية بقري مرکز البداري بمحافظة اسيوط. وتم استخدم استمارة مقابلة (استبار) لجمع البيانات من أفراد العينة. وقدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات التي يمکن أن تساهم في تفعيل اسهام المبادرات الصحية في تحسين حياة المرأة. الکلمات الافتتاحية:المبادرات– المبادرات الصحية- تحسين حياة المرأة. The contributions of health initiatives to improving the women lives from the perspective of community organization method BY Dr. Iman Abdelal Ahmed Abdelal Assistant Professor, Department of Community Organization Faculty of Social Work - Assiut University Summary Community initiatives are one of the main means to achieve alignment between citizens' needs and available and possible resources in community. Health initiatives have an essential role in providing appropriate health care for women's health to contribute significantly to improving women's lives, which leads to them better fulfilling their responsibilities towards their families and community, hence the interest in this research, and the research aims were as follows: 1- Determining the health initiatives goals which targeted women. 2- Identifying the positive health benefits of the initiatives on women. 3- Determining the contribution of the health initiatives to improve women's lives. The study type was the descriptive / analytical study, using the sample social survey method. The sample was non- random and stratified. Its size was 450 beneficiaries of health initiatives in the villages of the Badari Center in Assiut Governorate. An interview form was used to collect data from the sample. The study presented a set of proposals and recommendations that could contribute to activating the contribution of health initiatives in improving women's lives. Key words: Initiatives - Health Initiatives - Improving Women’s Lives

Digital technologies can represent new methodological possibilities for the teaching and learning processes of Mathematics. For these possibilities to be beneficial to the pedagogical processes, the teachers involved with the use of such resources must know their potential and functionalities. In order to analyze the possible contributions of a continuing education course for Mathematics teachers on the Scratch software, a qualitative investigation of the case study type was carried out, based on the following problem: what are the possible contributions of a training course of teachers about the Scratch software in the professional performance of the participants? From the observation of an extension course developed in a Research Group on Technologies in Mathematics Education, which had 14 participants, the data of each meeting of the course was recorded, as well as the participation of the course participants. One year after the conclusion of the course, the participants were interviewed to check on their current professional practice, looking for evidence of the course's contributions. To analyze the data, the content analysis method was used. It was possible to identify that the course, more than contributing for the participants to know a differentiated resource for the classroom, made it possible for teachers to become more autonomous in the search for digital technologies that would contribute to the improvement of their students' learning. Collective learning, experienced in a research group, made it possible for these teachers to remain in training and knowledge sharing.

Background: Respiratory gating is generally recommended in 4D flow MRI of the heart to avoid blurring and motion artifacts. Recently, a novel automated contact-less camera-based respiratory motion sensor has been introduced. Purpose: To compare camera-based respiratory gating (CAM) with liver-lung-navigator-based gating (NAV) and no gating (NO) for whole-heart 4D flow MRI. Study Type: Retrospective. Subjects: Thirty two patients with a spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. Field Strength/Sequence: A 3T, 3D-cine spoiled-gradient-echo-T1-weighted-sequence with flow-encoding in three spatial directions. Assessment: Respiratory phases were derived and compared against each other by cross-correlation. Three radiologists/cardiologist scored images reconstructed with camera-based, navigator-based, and no respiratory gating with a 4-point Likert scale (qualitative analysis). Quantitative image quality analysis, in form of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and liver-lung-edge (LLE) for sharpness and quantitative flow analysis of the valves were performed semi-automatically. Statistical Tests: One-way repeated measured analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Wilks's lambda testing and follow-up pairwise comparisons. Significance level of P ≤ 0.05. Krippendorff's-alpha-test for inter-rater reliability. Results: The respiratory signal analysis revealed that CAM and NAV phases were highly correlated (C = 0.93 ± 0.09, P < 0.01). Image scoring showed poor inter-rater reliability and no significant differences were observed (P ≥ 0.16). The image quality comparison showed that NAV and CAM were superior to NO with higher SNR (P = 0.02) and smaller LLE (P < 0.01). The quantitative flow analysis showed significant differences between the three respiratory-gated reconstructions in the tricuspid and pulmonary valves (P ≤ 0.05), but not in the mitral and aortic valves (P > 0.05). Pairwise comparisons showed that reconstructions without respiratory gating were different in flow measurements to either CAM or NAV or both, but no differences were found between CAM and NAV reconstructions. Data Conclusion: Camera-based respiratory gating performed as well as conventional liver-lung-navigator-based respiratory gating. Quantitative image quality analysis showed that both techniques were equivalent and superior to no-gating-reconstructions. Quantitative flow analysis revealed local flow differences (tricuspid/pulmonary valves) in images of no-gating-reconstructions, but no differences were found between images reconstructed with camera-based and navigator-based respiratory gating. Level of Evidence: 3. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.

Background We aimed to comprehensively analyze all the literature related to aortic dissection (AD) in the past decade using Web Scrapping technology from PubMed, revealing the research dynamics in this field. Methods Data were retrieved and downloaded from PubMed with search strategy as "(aortic dissection [Title/Abstract]) AND (2010[EDAT]: 2020[EDAT])". Information on the PMID, journal name, title, number of citations, publication year, authors, affiliations, abstract, study type, and keywords of the research was recorded. Results A total of 7,470 publications were identified. Most of the articles were published in J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg; Japan was the country with the largest publications number; the USA was far ahead of other countries regarding the highly cited studies; Yale University and Baylor College of Medicine took the first place for publishing most of the highly cited articles; the most frequently cited article is the 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases; most of the clinical trials were published on J Vasc Surg; John A. Elefteriades ranked first by cumulative publication numbers; Christoph A. Nienaber took the lead by both cumulative citations and impact factors; Dianna M. Milewicz was the only female researcher on all the three ranking lists; the most common keywords in aortic dissection were Treatment Outcome and Retrospective Studies. Conclusions This study provides interesting insights into the AD scientific landscape in recent 10 years and generates some objective evidence for comprehensive understanding and evaluation of this field. This investigation may ultimately inform managers, researchers and policymakers.

This research explores the impact of halal-haram aspect, understanding of the tax regulations and religiosity has signifikant effect on the perception of Muslim taxpayers towards tax rabate over income zakat payments. Collecting data using a questionnaire instrument in this study type of non-probability sampling method used is judgmental sampling to as many as 97 respondents. Data analysis using the Smart PLS structural equation model. The results of the research are halal-haram aspect, understanding of the tax regulations and religiosity has signifikant effect on the perception of Muslim taxpayers towards tax rabate over income zakat payments.

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics features (RFs) quantify tumors radiological phenotypes but are sensitive to postprocessing parameters, including the intensity harmonization technique (IHT), while mappings enable objective quantitative assessment. PURPOSE To investigate whether T2 mapping could improve repeatability, reproducibility, and performances of radiomics compared to conventional T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Twenty-six healthy adults. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Respiratory-trigged radial turbo spin echo (TSE) multiecho T2 mapping (prototype) and conventional TSE T2WI of the abdomen were acquired twice at 1.5 T. ASSESSMENT T2 maps were reconstructed using a two-parameter exponential fitting model. Volumes-of-interest (VOIs) were manually drawn in six tissues: liver, kidney, pancreas, muscle, bone, and spleen. After co-registration, conventional T2WIs were processed with two IHTs (standardization [std] and histogram-matching [HM]) resulting in four paired input image types: initial T2WI, T2WIstd , T2WIHM , and T2-map. VOIs were propagated to extract 45 RFs from MRI-1 and MRI-2 of each image type (LIFEx, v5.10). STATISTICAL TESTS Influence of the input data type on RF values was evaluated with analysis of variance. RFs test-retest repeatability and reproducibility over multiple segmentations were evaluated with intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Correlations between k-means clusters and the six tissues depending on the RFs dataset were investigated with adjusted-Rand-index (ARI). RESULTS About 41 of 45 (91.1%) RFs were significantly influenced by the input image type (P values

Aberrant static functional connectivity (FC) has been well demonstrated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, ALS-related alterations in FC dynamic properties remain unclear, although dynamic FC analyses contribute to uncover mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders.To explore dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) in ALS and its correlation with disease severity.Prospective.Thirty-two ALS patients and 45 healthy controls.Multiband resting-state functional images using gradient echo echo-planar imaging and T1-weighted images were acquired at 3.0 T.Disease severity was evaluated with the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) and patients were stratified according to diagnostic category. Independent component analysis was conducted to identify the components of seven intrinsic brain networks (ie, visual/sensorimotor (SMN)/auditory/cognitive-control (CCN)/default-mode (DMN)/subcortical/cerebellar networks). A sliding-window correlation approach was used to compute dFNC. FNC states were determined by k-mean clustering, and state-specific FNC and dynamic indices (fraction time/mean dwell time/transition number) were calculated.Two-sample t test used for comparisons on dynamic measures and Spearman's correlation analysis.ALS patients showed increased FNC between DMN-SMN in state 1 and between CCN-SMN in state 4. Patients remained in state 2 (showing the weakest FNC) for a significantly longer time (mean dwell time: 49.8 ± 40.1 vs. 93.6 ± 126.3; P 0.05) and remained in state 1 (showing a relatively strong FNC) for a shorter time (fraction time: 0.27 ± 0.25 vs. 0.13 ± 0.20; P 0.05). ALS patients exhibited less temporal variability in their FNC (transition number: 10.2 ± 4.4 vs. 7.8 ± 3.8; P 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between ALSFRS-R and mean dwell time in state 2 (r = -0.414, P 0.05) and transition number (r = 0.452, P 0.05). No significant between-subgroup difference in dFNC properties was found (all P 0.05).Our findings suggest aberrant dFNC properties in ALS, which is associated with disease severity.2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.

To evaluate neurodevelopment and growth in extremely preterm infants with or without necrotizing enterocolitis or spontaneous intestinal perforation.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants admitted to Canadian neonatal intensive care units in 2010 to 2011. We assessed outcomes at 18 to 24 months' corrected ages for preterm infants29 weeks of gestational age at birth with spontaneous intestinal perforation or non-perforated or perforated necrotizing enterocolitis, and for preterm infants with none of these gastrointestinal complications. The primary outcome was a composite of death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 24 months' corrected age. We used multivariable logistic regression models to adjust for gestational age, small for gestational age, prenatal steroids, cesarean section, multiple gestations, and SNAP-II score.Of 2,019 infants total, 39 (1.9%) had spontaneous intestinal perforation, 61 (3%) had perforated necrotizing enterocolitis, and 115 (5.7%) had non-perforated necrotizing enterocolitis. Infants with spontaneous intestinal perforation (aOR 2.11; 95% CI 1.01-4.42), necrotizing enterocolitis (aOR 2.58; 95% CI 1.81-3.68), or any bowel perforation (aOR 3.97; CI 2.43-6.48) had higher odds of death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment compared to infants with none of these bowel diseases.Spontaneous intestinal perforation, necrotizing enterocolitis, or any bowel perforation are risk factors for death or significant neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants.Study type: prognosis study (cohort study: retrospective) LEVEL OF EVIDENCE RATING: II.

The paper aims to assess the association between Hepatitis B Virus infection and colorectal liver metastasis by conducting a meta-analysis. The relevant studies were searched until 24 July 2020, Studies that assessed the correlation between HBV infection and CRLM were recruited. A random effects model was applied to calculate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). All data analyses were performed by STATA 12.0 software. Ten studies involving 17529 participants were included in the study. The results shown that there was obvious association between HBV infection and CRLM (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28–0.91). The study type and case–control rate may be the main causes of heterogeneity. In addition, HBV infection had no association with extrahepatic metastasis or prognosis of patients with CRLM. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that the results were stable, and Egg’s test indicated that there was no publication bias. Patients with HBV infection have the reduced risk of CRLM., GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar as estratégias utilizadas por uma docente que fez uso do “Educar pela Pesquisa” como metodologia de ensino. De natureza qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, a pesquisa foi realizada num curso de Licenciatura de um Instituto Federal. Como instrumentos, recorreu-se a um questionário de sondagem, à observação e à entrevista. Os resultados mostraram um alinhamento com a literatura proposta, o que ratifica a importância de o educador fundamentar suas práticas em referenciais teóricos específicos ao que se propõe. Destaca-se ainda que as estratégias propiciaram aos estudantes engajamento, autoria, interesse intrínseco na realização das atividades, bem como comprometimento com a própria aprendizagem, características das metodologias ativas, daí se afirmar que “Educar pela Pesquisa” pode ser considerada como tal.

Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar os indicadores de acolhimento (modelo de receptividade) ao estagiário de Educação Física, pela sua Professora Supervisora (PS), durante o período de estágio supervisionado. O método utilizado foi o qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, sob a ótica do Modelo Analítico Descritivo. Os participantes foram uma professora supervisora de Educação Física da rede básica de ensino e seu estagiário. Os instrumentos para coleta foram entrevistas semiestruturadas, observações in loco, relatório final de estágio, e todos foram analisados através da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que a Professora Supervisora oportunizou um estágio com elementos predominantes do Acolhimento Formativo, priorizando a parceria e a integração do estagiário ao ambiente escolar.

Background Condition-specific quality of life (QoL) instruments are more representative of the priorities of people with lived experience. As such, the development of the first and only bipolar disorder (BD) specific measurement instrument, the Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder (QoL.BD) questionnaire, marked an important step forward for the literature. The present systematic review aims to characterise applications of the QoL.BD in the BD literature and review empirical findings obtained from studies using this measure. Methods A systematic search identified 37 peer-reviewed publications which reported original empirical data using the QoL.BD in a BD population. No restrictions were placed on language/study type. Results Adaptations to the QoL.BD displayed appropriate psychometric properties. Although clinical trials were typically underpowered, promising effect sizes for a number of treatment modalities were reported. QoL.BD scores were moderately correlated with depressive symptoms; a number of candidate predictors were identified. Limitations Due to resource limitations, the present review used one database (Google Scholar), and a single author reviewed articles for eligibility. On balance the risks of missing relevant studies were deemed minimal. Conclusion A sizeable, international body of evidence now exists regarding the measurement, presentation, and treatment of condition-specific aspects of QoL in BD. Key avenues for future research include large scale, randomized control clinical trials using the QoL.BD as a primary outcome, and granular exploration of potential correlates of QoL.BD domain scores. Finally, longer follow-up periods are required to inform understanding of the dynamic relationship between clinical variables and condition-specific aspects of QoL in BD.

BACKGROUND Conference abstracts serve an important role in the timely dissemination of scientific and clinical advancements, but most fail to be published. The goal of this study was to investigate the publication rate and factors associated with publication of abstracts presented at the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society (NANOS) Annual Meeting over a 10-year period. METHODS NANOS Annual Meeting abstracts from 2008 to 2017 were extracted and categorized into Walsh presentations, scientific platforms, or poster presentations. An original automated web scraping program was validated to search PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar for publications. Publication date, journal, authors, study type, multicenter involvement, and financial disclosures were retrieved. RESULTS A total of 195 Walsh presentations, 231 scientific platform presentations, and 1735 scientific posters were included in the study with an overall publication rate of 31.5% (681/2,161). This was stable over the study period. Publication was the highest for scientific platforms (67.1%), followed by Walsh abstracts (36.4%) and poster presentations (27.2%). Multivariable analysis identified 3-4 authors, 5 or more authors, basic science, and sample size of 100 or more significantly correlated with subsequent publication. The top 3 countries for NANOS submissions were the United States, Canada, and South Korea, and the most frequent journal of publication was the Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. CONCLUSIONS Publication rate of NANOS abstracts is comparable to other conferences in ophthalmology and the neurological sciences. Conference attendees should be aware that more than two-thirds of abstracts fail to be published and publication rates vary widely by type of submission.