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5. Warm Spring Days are Related to Shorter Durations of Reproductive Phenophases for Understory Forest Herbs.

Author

Miller, Chelsea N. and Stuble, Katharine L.

Subjects
*GROWING season, *SPRING, *ARBORETUMS, *GLOBAL warming, *PLANT species, *PLANT phenology
Abstract

As plants continue to respond to global warming with phenological shifts, our understanding of the importance of short‐lived heat events and seasonal weather cues has lagged relative to our understanding of plant responses to broad shifts in mean climate conditions. Here, we explore the importance of warmer‐than‐average days in driving shifts in phenophase duration for spring‐flowering woodland herbs across one growing season. We harnessed the combined power of community science and public gardens, engaging more than 30 volunteers to monitor shifts in phenology (documenting movement from one phenophase to the next) for 198 individual plants of 14 species twice per week for the 2023 growing season (March—October) across five botanic gardens in the midwestern and southeastern US. Gardens included the Holden Arboretum, Kirtland, OH; Dawes Arboretum, Newark, OH; Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO; and Huntsville Botanical Garden, Huntsville, AL. We tested: (1) that higher‐than‐average daily temperatures (deviation from 30‐year historical mean daily temperatures for each location) would be related to truncated phenophase durations; and (2) that phenophase durations would vary among species. Our findings support both hypotheses. We documented significant inverse relationships between positive deviations in daily temperature from historic means (e.g., warmer‐than‐average days) and durations of three reproductive phenophases: "First Bud," "First Ripe Fruit," and "Early Fruiting." Similar (non‐significant) trends were noted for several other early‐season phenophases. Additionally, significant differences in mean phenophase durations were detected among the different species, although these differences were inconsistent across plant parts (vegetative, flowering, and fruiting). Results underscore the potential sensitivity of understory herb reproductive phenophases to warmer‐than‐average daily temperatures early in the growing season, contributing to our understanding of phenological responses to short‐term heat events and seasonal weather cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Interpreting variation to advance predictive restoration science

Author

Brudvig, Lars A, Barak, Rebecca S, Bauer, Jonathan T, Caughlin, T Trevor, Laughlin, Daniel C, Larios, Loralee, Matthews, Jeffrey W, Stuble, Katharine L, Turley, Nash E, and Zirbel, Chad R

Subjects
Life on Land, adaptive management, biodiversity, contingency, human land use, managed landscapes, reference conditions, restoration ecology, restoration targets, Ecological Applications, Environmental Science and Management, Ecology
Published
2017

10. Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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11. Living collections: Biodiversity cultivated at public gardens has the power to connect ecological questions and evolutionary context.

Author

Burns, Jean H., Stuble, Katharine L., and Medeiros, Juliana S.

Subjects
*SCIENTIFIC method, *CHLOROPHYLL in water, *BEDS (Gardens), *RANDOM number generators, *WATER efficiency
Abstract

The article discusses how public gardens, such as botanical gardens and arboreta, can serve as valuable resources for scientific research by providing curated plant collections that offer high levels of biodiversity. These living collections allow researchers to explore ecological and evolutionary questions, such as the impact of phylogenetic history on plant trait evolution and plant-soil interactions. Public gardens prioritize scientific inquiry and conservation, recording plant provenance and housing replicates for each species to study within-species variation, local adaptation, and niche evolution. The article emphasizes the importance of utilizing public garden collections to address pressing ecological questions and understand how evolution shapes species' responses to changing environments. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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17. Author Correction: Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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20. Year effects drive beta diversity, but unevenly across plant community types.

Author

Werner, Chhaya M., Young, Truman P., and Stuble, Katharine L.

Subjects
COMPOSITION of seeds, INTRODUCED species, RAINFALL, GRANIVORES, COMMUNITY development
Abstract

Year of establishment can be a critical driver of plant communities with the establishment stage of community development particularly susceptible to factors including ambient rain, temperature, and other temporally variable drivers (e.g., seed and seedling predators). However, while year effects have been shown to drive community structure at local (patch) scales, it is yet unexplored how these within‐patch effects scale up to drive landscape‐level patterns of biodiversity. These dynamics are likely to be critical but are overlooked in many systems including those with high‐frequency disturbance regimes or active management. Here we leveraged a series of field‐based grassland mesocosms established identically at three sites across 5 years, and each monitored for 4–8 years. We compared the strength of these temporal and spatial drivers (year effects and site effects) on consequent patterns of spatial and temporal variability (beta diversity and turnover) between plots seeded with native perennial species versus those seeded with nonnative annual species. The composition of plots seeded with perennial species showed strong effects of planting year and consequently exhibited higher beta diversity within sites (across mesocosms established in five different years within sites), while plots seeded with annual species had higher between‐site variation but low beta diversity within sites. Plots with annual species were also more temporally variable than plots with perennial species. These findings have important implications for our understanding of key drivers of biodiversity across landscapes. Specifically, we showed that variable trajectories in community composition generated by site and year effects during establishment can promote beta diversity across landscapes dominated by perennial species, but are considerably less impactful in annual‐dominated systems. These findings further our understanding of the importance of assembly dynamics on landscape‐scale patterns of diversity, and have important management implications for restoration efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Abundance of spring- and winter-active arthropods declines with warming

Author

Fitzgerald, Jacquelyn L., Stuble, Katharine L., Nichols, Lauren M., Diamond, Sarah E., Wentworth, Thomas R., Pelini, Shannon L., Gotelli, Nicholas J., Sanders, Nathan J., Dunn, Robert R., Penick, Clint A., Fitzgerald, Jacquelyn L., Stuble, Katharine L., Nichols, Lauren M., Diamond, Sarah E., Wentworth, Thomas R., Pelini, Shannon L., Gotelli, Nicholas J., Sanders, Nathan J., Dunn, Robert R., and Penick, Clint A.

Abstract

Because ectotherm activity and metabolism are sensitive to temperature, terrestrial arthropods may be especially responsive to ongoing climatic warming. Here, we quantified responses of arthropod abundance to two years of warming in an outdoor temperature manipulation experiment at Duke Forest, North Carolina, USA. Nine open-top chambers were individually heated year-round from 1.5° to 5.5°C above ambient temperature. From two years of monthly pitfall trapping, we collected and identified 4,468 arthropods representing 24 orders. We initially predicted that arthropods would experience the greatest negative effects of experimental warming during the summer months, when temperatures reach their yearly maximum and arthropods may be close to their maximum thermal tolerance limits. Instead, we found that the strongest negative effects on arthropod abundance occurred during the winter and spring, when ambient temperatures are relatively cooler, whereas the effects of experimental warming on abundance were not significant during the summer or fall. During the spring of 2012, the warmest spring on record for the southeastern USA, total arthropod abundance declined 20% per °C of experimental warming. Abundance declines were driven largely by flies (Diptera), which were the most abundant insect order, representing approximately a third of all arthropods collected. The most abundant arthropod family, Mycetophilidae (fungus gnats), declined 64% per °C of warming during the spring of 2012. Although previous research on climatic warming has focused on the impact of maximum yearly temperatures on organismal performance, our results are more consistent with the cool-season sensitivity hypothesis, which posits that arthropods adapted for cooler conditions are likely to face the strongest negative effects of warming during the cooler seasons.

Published
2021

29. Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F. [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A. [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J. [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J. [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M. [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W. [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L. [0000-0002-5357-0176], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, Suding, Katharine L., Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F. [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A. [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J. [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J. [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M. [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W. [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L. [0000-0002-5357-0176], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Abstract

Restoration of degraded drylands is urgently needed to mitigate climate change, reverse desertification and secure livelihoods for the two billion people who live in these areas. Bold global targets have been set for dryland restoration to restore millions of hectares of degraded land. These targets have been questioned as overly ambitious, but without a global evaluation of successes and failures it is impossible to gauge feasibility. Here we examine restoration seeding outcomes across 174 sites on six continents, encompassing 594,065 observations of 671 plant species. Our findings suggest reasons for optimism. Seeding had a positive impact on species presence: in almost a third of all treatments, 100% of species seeded were growing at first monitoring. However, dryland restoration is risky: 17% of projects failed, with no establishment of any seeded species, and consistent declines were found in seeded species as projects matured. Across projects, higher seeding rates and larger seed sizes resulted in a greater probability of recruitment, with further influences on species success including site aridity, taxonomic identity and species life form. Our findings suggest that investigations examining these predictive factors will yield more effective and informed restoration decision-making.

Published
2021

30. Author Correction: Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L [0000-0002-5357-0176], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, Suding, Katharine L., Shackelford, Nancy [0000-0003-4817-0423], Paterno, Gustavo B. [0000-0001-9719-3037], Breed, Martin F [0000-0001-7810-9696], Harrison, Peter A [0000-0002-3502-0242], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Kirmer, Anita [0000-0002-2396-713X], Munson, Seth M [0000-0002-2736-6374], Török, Péter [0000-0002-4428-3327], Becker, Carina [0000-0003-4567-5127], Burton, Philip J [0000-0002-5956-2716], Caruana, Alex [0000-0002-7604-4574], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Dullau, Sandra [0000-0003-3167-799X], Golos, Peter J [0000-0003-3588-7011], Holmes, Patricia M [0000-0003-0794-9713], Jonas-Bratten, Jayne [0000-0002-1716-7195], Lorite, Juan [0000-0003-4617-8069], Merino-Martín, Luis [0000-0002-0343-0546], Milton, Suanne Jane [0000-0003-4390-6040], Seabloom, Eric W [0000-0001-6780-9259], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], Veblen, Kari [0000-0001-7523-3368], Xu, Zhiwei [0000-0002-8630-1204], Suding, Katharine L [0000-0002-5357-0176], Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, M. E., Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, De la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C.Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, J. A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo L., Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Abstract

In the version of this Article originally published, the surname of author Tina Parkhurst was incorrectly written as Schroeder. This has now been corrected.

Published
2021

36. Dominance hierarchies are a dominant paradigm in ant ecology (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), but should they be? and what is a dominance hierarchy anyways?

Author

Stuble, Katharine L., Juric, Ivan, Xim Cerda, Sanders, Nathan J., National Science Foundation (US), and Danish National Research Foundation

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, dominance hierarchy, Competition, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, monopolization, review, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Aggression, rank, network, Ant, tradeoffs
Abstract

There is a long tradition of community ecologists using interspecific dominance hierarchies as a way to explain species coexistence and community structure. However, there is considerable variation in the methods used to construct these hierarchies, how they are quantified, and how they are interpreted. In the study of ant communities, hierarchies are typically based on the outcome of aggressive encounters between species or on bait monopolization. These parameters are converted to rankings using a variety of methods ranging from calculating the proportion of fights won or baits monopolized to minimizing hierarchical reversals. However, we rarely stop to explore how dominance hierarchies relate to the spatial and temporal structure of ant communities, nor do we ask how different ranking methods quantitatively relate to one another. Here, through a review of the literature and new analyses of both published and unpublished data, we highlight some limitations of the use of dominance hierarchies, both in how they are constructed and how they are interpreted. We show that the most commonly used ranking methods can generate variation among hierarchies given the same data and that the results depend on sample size. Moreover, these ranks are not related to resource acquisition, suggesting limited ecological implications for dominance hierarchies. These limitations in the construction, analysis, and interpretation of dominance hierarchies lead us to suggest it may be time for ant ecologists to move on from dominance hierarchies., NJS was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF-1136703) and acknowledges a grant from the Danish National Research Foundation to the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate.

Published
2017

38. Dominance hierarchies are a dominant paradigm in ant ecology (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), but should they be? and what is a dominance hierarchy anyways?

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Danish National Research Foundation, Stuble, Katharine. L., Juric, Ivan, Cerdá, Xim, Sanders, Nathan J., National Science Foundation (US), Danish National Research Foundation, Stuble, Katharine. L., Juric, Ivan, Cerdá, Xim, and Sanders, Nathan J.

Abstract

There is a long tradition of community ecologists using interspecific dominance hierarchies as a way to explain species coexistence and community structure. However, there is considerable variation in the methods used to construct these hierarchies, how they are quantified, and how they are interpreted. In the study of ant communities, hierarchies are typically based on the outcome of aggressive encounters between species or on bait monopolization. These parameters are converted to rankings using a variety of methods ranging from calculating the proportion of fights won or baits monopolized to minimizing hierarchical reversals. However, we rarely stop to explore how dominance hierarchies relate to the spatial and temporal structure of ant communities, nor do we ask how different ranking methods quantitatively relate to one another. Here, through a review of the literature and new analyses of both published and unpublished data, we highlight some limitations of the use of dominance hierarchies, both in how they are constructed and how they are interpreted. We show that the most commonly used ranking methods can generate variation among hierarchies given the same data and that the results depend on sample size. Moreover, these ranks are not related to resource acquisition, suggesting limited ecological implications for dominance hierarchies. These limitations in the construction, analysis, and interpretation of dominance hierarchies lead us to suggest it may be time for ant ecologists to move on from dominance hierarchies.

Published
2017

41. Fire ants are drivers of biodiversity loss: a reply to King and Tschinkel (2013)

Author

Stuble, Katharine L., Chick, Lacy D., Rodriguez Cabal, Mariano Alberto, Lessard, Jean Philippe, and Sanders, Nathan J.

Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas, King and Tschinkel, Ecología, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

King and Tschinkel (2013) report on a manipulative experiment aimed at assessing the effects of a well-studied invasive ant species (Solenopsis invicta) on the species density and worker abundance of native ants in a relatively undisturbed longleaf pine savanna in northern Florida Fil: Stuble, Katharine L.. University Of Tennessee; Estados Unidos Fil: Chick, Lacy D.. University Of Tennessee; Estados Unidos Fil: Rodriguez Cabal, Mariano Alberto. University Of British Columbia; Canadá. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Lessard, Jean Philippe. Mc Gill University; Canadá Fil: Sanders, Nathan J.. University Of Tennessee; Estados Unidos

Published
2013
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42. Using priority effects to manipulate competitive relationships in restoration.

Author

Young, Truman P., Stuble, Katharine L., Balachowski, Jennifer A., and Werner, Chhaya M.

Subjects
*RESTORATION ecology, *GRASSLANDS, *PLANT species, *GERMINATION, *PLANTING
Abstract

Restoration success is often hampered by the failure of less dominant competitors to establish. An emerging literature on priority effects suggests the manipulation of community assembly as a useful technique to help overcome these difficulties by altering competitive relationships. We present data from a set of four priority experiments, carried out at each of three sites in restoration settings in California grasslands. These data, combined with patterns summarized from the literature, indicate that both short-term priority (1-3 weeks) and long-term priority (1 year) can profoundly shift interspecific relationships and benefit otherwise subordinate plant species, but that these effects are sometimes transitory, asymmetric, and contingent on environmental conditions and species composition. Restoration interventions that can produce priority effects include staggered planting times, weed control, seed pre-germination, plug planting, and spatial aggregation. Such interventions are likely to be at least initially effective, but their strength and persistence can differ considerably across systems in space and time. Further research may help identify the conditions that maximize the strength and persistence of priority effects in restoration settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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43. Predicting future coexistence in a North American ant community

Author

Bewick, Sharon, Stuble, Katharine L., Lessard, Jean-Philippe, Dunn, Robert R., Adler, Frederick R., Sanders, Nate, Bewick, Sharon, Stuble, Katharine L., Lessard, Jean-Philippe, Dunn, Robert R., Adler, Frederick R., and Sanders, Nate

Published
2014

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