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FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to traction couplings. Stabilizing traction-coupler of uniaxial trailer comprises traction lever. Lever with front part is connected with tractor via hinge fixture, and rear is rigidly connected with trailer frame. Frame rests through sprung axle and running wheels on bearing surface of roadway. Fastening of front part of lever with tractor is made in form of cross-shaped hinge equipped with spider. Cross-piece is formed from two axes interconnected rigidly. One of axles is located in horizontal plane transversely to lever and is connected by means of rotating in vertical transverse plane of flange yoke with rear part of tractor, and second is located in vertical longitudinal plane passing through longitudinal axis of trailer, and is connected to lever by means of yoke. Fork is rigidly fixed on lever end. Axis of the spider located in the vertical longitudinal plane is installed at an angle to the surface of the roadway. Upper end of said axle is shifted towards trailer frame. EFFECT: higher stability of straight-line motion and higher critical speed. 1 cl, 3 dwg., Изобретение относится к тягово-сцепным устройствам. Стабилизирующее тягово-сцепное устройство одноосного прицепа содержит тяговый рычаг. Рычаг передней частью связан с тягачом через шарнирное крепление, а задней неподвижно соединен с рамой прицепа. Рама опирается через подрессоренную ось и ходовые колеса на опорную поверхность дорожного полотна. Крепление передней части рычага с тягачом выполнено в виде крестообразного шарнира, снабженного крестовиной. Крестовина образована из двух соединенных неподвижно между собой осей. Одна из осей расположена в горизонтальной плоскости поперечно рычагу и соединена посредством поворотной в вертикальной поперечной плоскости вилки-фланца с задней частью тягача, а вторая расположена в вертикальной продольной плоскости, проходящей через продольную ось прицепа, и соединена с рычагом посредством вилки. Вилка жестко закреплена на конце рычага. Ось крестовины, расположенная в вертикальной продольной плоскости, установлена под углом к поверхности дорожного полотна. Верхний конец этой оси смещен к раме прицепа. Достигается повышение устойчивости прямолинейного движения и увеличение критической скорости. 3 ил.

In this paper, we conduct a mathematical analysis of the model of ensuring the road trains movement stability by changing the design of coupling devices to determine the critical characteristic parameters of the road trains, which result in the loss of en-route directional stability under external action. The concept of the model was to separate the process of yawing of the road trains and its elements (due to external perturbing action) on the highway into several typical stages. The main parameters of the stages (the displacement amplitude and rotation angle of the road trains elements in relation to the driving direction) were determined based on the initial conditions of the road trains movement, the force and duration of the external action. The most dangerous areas of external action application to the road trains were determined in this paper. The maximum permissible exposure limit should not exceed 0.5-1.0% of the road trains trailer momentum, with duration having the greater effect than the amount of impact. The results obtained can be used in mechanical engineering to improve the road trains performance. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

The aim of the master's thesis is to develop theoretical and practical methods for increasing the efficiency of the enterprise’s vehicles and ensuring the development of the quality of operation of the operational service. The practical significance of the work lies in the application of methods and calculations to improve the efficiency of the operational and maintenance services of the enterprise LLC “Jasmine”. The introduction of the results of work at the enterprise will increase the efficiency of the use of rolling stock due to its rational use, as well as reduce material costs for transportation. In the master's thesis, an analysis was made of the activity of the enterprise, the possibility of using a tractor- transport unit in the construction of roads was considered, the construction of a transport bogies for semi trailers was proposed, and the maneuverability indicators of a motor train were determined., Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка теоретических и практических методов повышения эффективности работы транспортных средств предприятия и обеспечение развития качества работы эксплуатационной службы. Практическое значение работы заключается в применении методик и расчетов для повышения эффективности работы эксплуатационной и обслуживающей службы предприятия ООО «Жасмин». Внедрение результатов работы на предприятии позволит повысить эффективность использования подвижного состава за счет рационального его использования, а также снизить материальные затраты на транспортные работы. В магистерской диссертации проведен анализ деятельности предприятия, рассмотрена возможность применения тракторно-транспортного агрегата при строительстве автомобильных дорог, предложена конструкция подкатной тележки для полуприцепа, а также определены показатели маневренности автотракторного поезда.

Travelling at higher speeds over any type of roads could disturb the stability of motion, which is manifested through lateral oscillations of the trailer in a horizontal plane - trailer wobbling. This research is aimed at building a mathematical model of tractor-trailer motion affected by the external action of lateral forces and estimating how efficient stabilizing couplers could be. A double pendulum design diagram is used to build the model. It is shown that the stability of motion is impacted at most by the ratio of the inertia radius (relative to the vertical axis passing through the center of gravity) to the base of the trailer, which depends on the type of cargo, its distribution within the trailer body, the heterogeneity of the cargo material and so on. It is demonstrated that the critical velocity of a trailer would increase when stabilizers are used. Changing the design of the trailer should also positively affect the stability of a tractor-trailer due to faster and more efficient damping of lateral oscillations impacting its movement. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Road trains (RT) are the main transport in agriculture. However, their accident rate is quite high. In the vehicles movement research their design characteristics and operating modes are mainly improved. The main way to reduce the accident rate remains the speed limit. The authors proposed methods (confirmed by the issued patents) for ensuring the stability of the RT movement by changing the design of trailer devices. The purpose of this work is to form a mathematical model for assessing the stability of the RT movement in the presence of side effects (modeling of sharp turns, impacts). Methods of analysis and synthesis, mathematical analysis, and vector geometry were applied. The process of RT yawing on the highway is split into a number of stages, for which the laws of changing its geometry and kinematics are formulated. Side effect leads to increase in the RT impulse (lateral oscillations increase the speed), or to a violation of stability (the movement amplitude goes beyond the highway or tipping). This model can be used to analyze the stability of the RT movement and evaluate methods to influence it in order to reduce the probability of accidents. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Целью данного проекта является разработка теоретических и методических подходов к управлению качеством и эффективности сервисного центра ООО «АМК-Екатеринбург» и обеспечение устойчивого дальнейшего развития. Проведенное исследование позволило доказать актуальность проблемы повышения эффективности производственной деятельности СТОА и сформулировать ряд теоретических выводов и практических рекомендаций. Особую значимость в обеспечении безопасности автомобильной техники сейчас приобретают автотехцентры автомобилестроительных компаний, составляющие фирменную сеть послепродажного обслуживания автомобилей, инфраструктура которых обеспечивает социальную и экономическую эффективность использования автомобилей. Сфера предоставления услуг должна функционировать таким образом, чтобы полностью удовлетворять требования клиентов с возможно малыми затратами средств и времени. Было проведено исследование практики управления качеством ПАО «АВТОВАЗ», а также произведен анализ предприятия ООО «АМК-Екатеринбург». Сбор, обработка и анализ показателей спроса на услуги ООО «АМК-Екатеринбург» позволяют целенаправленно подойти к их прогнозированию с целью изучения возможностей предприятия по удовлетворению обращений клиентуры по ТО и ремонту на перспективу. Расчет основных технико-экономических показателей показывает нам, что в целом предприятие работает эффективно. Выполнив технико-экономическое сравнение вариантов предприятия до модернизации и после, наиболее целесообразным из них является проектный вариант., The aim of this project is to develop theoretical and methodological approaches to managing the quality and effectiveness of the service center of LLC AMK-Yekaterinburg and ensuring further development. The study allows us to prove the relevance of the problem of improving the efficiency of production activities of service stations and formulate a number of theoretical conclusions and practical recommendations. At present, auto-technical centers of the automotive industry have been acquired, which make up the company’s after-sales service network of automobiles, and the infrastructure that ensures the social and economic efficiency of car use. The scope of the provision of services should operate in such a way as to fully meet the requirements of customers with low cost and time. A study of the quality management practice of PJSC AvtoVAZ was carried out, as well as an analysis of the enterprise LLC AMK-Yekaterinburg. The collection, processing and analysis of demand indicators for the services of AMK-Yekaterinburg LLC allow you to purposefully switch to their forecasting in order to explore opportunities to meet customer needs. Calculation of the main technical and economic indicators shows that the company works efficiently. A technical and economic comparison of the project options before modernization and after has been issued, the most appropriate of which is the project version.

One major way of increasing efficiency in production, construction and agriculture industries is to use motor- and tractor-trailers for transportation needs. At the same time, a tractor-trailer is a complex and less maneuverable machine in comparison with a single vehicle. Exceeding the velocity regime, especially in the case of tractor-trailers, leads to a loss of stability during linear motion, on curvilinear sections of the trajectory or in complex traffic conditions. Speed limit is a standard prevention method; however, it does not guarantee any acceptable result. Other ways of resolving this issue have almost exhausted their potential. It should be noted that solving this problem is further complicated by a lack of a unified road-movement theory for tractor-trailers - thus, mainly restrictive measures are used. The authors suggested a hypothesis on possible improvement of tractor-trailer safety by means of increasing their motion stability via upgraded design characteristics of towing tractor-trailer couplers. The higher stability would be achieved by raising the damping factor of transverse oscillations by applying lateral disturbing forces. The authors proposed over 55 technical solutions, all protected by certificates of authorship in engineering, of upgrading the towing couplers and providing the increase of tractor-trailer operation safety in various road conditions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.