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We study the asymptotics of iterates of the transfer operator for non-uniformly hyperbolic $\alpha$-Farey maps. We provide a family of observables which are Riemann integrable, locally constant and of bounded variation, and for which the iterates of the transfer operator, when applied to one of these observables, is not asymptotic to a constant times the wandering rate on the first element of the partition $\alpha$. Subsequently, sufficient conditions on observables are given under which this expected asymptotic holds. In particular, we obtain an extension theorem which establishes that, if the asymptotic behaviour of iterates of the transfer operator is known on the first element of the partition $\alpha$, then the same asymptotic holds on any compact set bounded away from the indifferent fixed point.

In this paper we establish a Fr\'{e}chet law for maximal cuspidal windings of the geodesic flow on a Riemannian surface associated with an arbitrary finitely generated, essentially free Fuchsian group with parabolic elements. This result extends previous work by Galambos and Dolgopyat and is obtained by applying Extreme Value Theory. Subsequently, we show that this law gives rise to an Erd\"os-Philipp law and to various generalised Khintchine-type results for maximal cuspidal windings. These results strengthen previous results by Sullivan, Stratmann and Velani for Kleinian groups, and extend earlier work by Philipp on continued fractions, which was inspired by a conjecture of Erd\"os.

We employ infinite ergodic theory to show that the even Stern-Brocot sequence and the Farey sequence are uniformly distributed mod 1 with respect to certain canonical weightings. As a corollary we derive the precise asymptotic for the Lebesgue measure of continued fraction sum-level sets as well as connections to asymptotic behaviours of geometrically and arithmetically restricted Poincar\'e series. Moreover, we give relations of our main results to elementary observations for the Stern-Brocot tree., Comment: 9 pages

The main result of this paper is to show that if $\H$ is a normal subgroup of a Kleinian group $G$ such that $G/\H$ contains a coset which is represented by some loxodromic element, then the Hausdorff dimension of the transient limit set of $\H$ coincides with the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set of $G$. This observation extends previous results by Fern\'andez and Meli\'an for Riemann surfaces., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures

In this paper we introduce and study the $\alpha$-Farey map and its associated jump transformation, the $\alpha$-L\"uroth map, for an arbitrary countable partition $\alpha$ of the unit interval with atoms which accumulate only at the origin. These maps represent linearised generalisations of the Farey map and the Gauss map from elementary number theory. First, a thorough analysis of some of their topological and ergodic-theoretic properties is given, including establishing exactness for both types of these maps. The first main result then is to establish weak and strong renewal laws for what we have called $\alpha$-sum-level sets for the $\alpha$-L\"uroth map. Similar results have previously been obtained for the Farey map and the Gauss map, by using infinite ergodic theory. In this respect, a side product of the paper is to allow for greater transparency of some of the core ideas of infinite ergodic theory. The second remaining result is to obtain a complete description of the Lyapunov spectra of the $\alpha$-Farey map and the $\alpha$-L\"uroth map in terms of the thermodynamical formalism. We show how to derive these spectra, and then give various examples which demonstrate the diversity of their behaviours in dependence on the chosen partition $\alpha$., Comment: 29 pages, 16 figures

In this note we employ infinite ergodic theory to derive estimates for the algebraic growth rate of the Poincar\'e series for a Kleinian group at its critical exponent of convergence., Comment: 8 pages

In this paper we address questions of continuity and atomicity of conformal ending measures for arbitrary non-elementary Kleinian groups. We give sufficient conditions under which such ending measures are purely atomic. Moreover, we will show that if a conformal ending measure has an atom which is contained in the big horospherical limit set, then this atom has to be a parabolic fixed point. Also, we give detailed discussions of non-trivial examples for purely atomic as well as for non-atomic conformal ending measures., Comment: 20 pages

In this paper we give a detailed measure theoretical analysis of what we call sum-level sets for regular continued fraction expansions. The first main result is to settle a recent conjecture of Fiala and Kleban, which asserts that the Lebesgue measure of these level sets decays to zero, for the level tending to infinity. The second and third main result then give precise asymptotic estimates for this decay. The proofs of these results are based on recent progress in infinite ergodic theory, and in particular, they give non-trivial applications of this theory to number theory. The paper closes with a discussion of the thermodynamical significance of the obtained results, and with some applications of these to metrical Diophantine analysis., Comment: 1 figure

We study differentiability of topological conjugacies between expanding piecewise $C^{1+\epsilon}$ interval maps. If these conjugacies are not $C^1$, then they have zero derivative almost everywhere. We obtain the result that in this case the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points for which the derivative of the conjugacy does not exist lies strictly between zero and one. Using multifractal analysis and thermodynamic formalism, we show that this Hausdorff dimension is explicitly determined by the Lyapunov spectrum. Moreover, we show that these results give rise to a "rigidity dichotomy" for the type of conjugacies under consideration.

In this paper we give non-trivial applications of the thermodynamic formalism to the theory of distribution functions of Gibbs measures (devil's staircases) supported on limit sets of finitely generated conformal iterated function systems in $\R$. For a large class of these Gibbs states we determine the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points at which the distribution function of these measures is not $\alpha$-H\"older-differentiable. The obtained results give significant extensions of recent work by Darst, Dekking, Falconer, Li, Morris, and Xiao. In particular, our results clearly show that the results of these authors have their natural home within thermodynamic formalism., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures

In this paper we study various fractal geometric aspects of the Minkowski question mark function $Q.$ We show that the unit interval can be written as the union of the three sets $\Lambda_{0}:=\{x:Q'(x)=0\}$, $\Lambda_{\infty}:=\{x:Q'(x)=\infty\}$, and $\Lambda_{\sim}:=\{x:Q'(x)$ does not exist and $Q'(x)\not=\infty\}.$ The main result is that the Hausdorff dimensions of these sets are related in the following way. $\dim_{H}(\nu_{F})<\dim_{H}(\Lambda_{\sim})= \dim_{H} (\Lambda_{\infty}) = \dim_{H} (\mathcal{L}(h_{\mathrm{top}}))<\dim_{H}(\Lambda_{0})=1.$ Here, $\mathcal{L}(h_{\mathrm{top}})$ refers to the level set of the Stern-Brocot multifractal decomposition at the topological entropy $h_{\mathrm{top}}=\log2$ of the Farey map $F,$ and $\dim_{H}(\nu_{F})$ denotes the Hausdorff dimension of the measure of maximal entropy of the dynamical system associated with $F.$ The proofs rely partially on the multifractal formalism for Stern-Brocot intervals and give non-trivial applications of this formalism., Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures

In this paper we use fractal geometry to investigate boundary aspects of the first homology group for finite coverings of the modular surface. We obtain a complete description of algebraically invisible parts of this homology group. More precisely, we first show that for any modular subgroup the geodesic forward dynamic on the associated surface admits a canonical symbolic representation by a finitely irreducible shift space. We then use this representation to derive an `almost complete' multifractal description of the higher--dimensional level sets arising from Manin--Marcolli's limiting modular symbols., Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure

In this paper we investigate aspects of rigidity and flexibility for conformal iterated function systems. For the case in which the systems are not essentially affine we show that two such systems are conformal equivalent if and only if in each of their Lyapunov spectra there exists at least one level set such that the corresponding Gibbs measures coincide. We then proceed by comparing this result with the essentially affine situation. We show that essentially affine systems are far less rigid than non--essentially affine systems, and subsequently we then investigate the extent of their flexibility., Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure

We study relations between $(H,\beta)$--KMS states on Cuntz--Krieger algebras and the dual of the Perron--Frobenius operator $\mathcal{L}_{-\beta H}^{*}$. Generalising the well--studied purely hyperbolic situation, we obtain under mild conditions that for an expansive dynamical system there is a one--one correspondence between $(H,\beta)$--KMS states and eigenmeasures of $\mathcal{L}_{-\beta H}^{*}$ for the eigenvalue 1. We then consider representations of Cuntz--Krieger algebras which are induced by Markov fibred systems, and show that if the associated incidence matrix is irreducible then these are $\ast$--isomorphic to the given Cuntz--Krieger algebra. Finally, we apply these general results to study multifractal decompositions of limit sets of essentially free Kleinian groups $G$ which may have parabolic elements. We show that for the Cuntz--Krieger algebra arising from $G$ there exists an analytic family of KMS states induced by the Lyapunov spectrum of the analogue of the Bowen--Series map associated with $G$. Furthermore, we obtain a formula for the Hausdorff dimensions of the restrictions of these KMS states to the set of continuous functions on the limit set of $G$. If $G$ has no parabolic elements, then this formula can be interpreted as the singularity spectrum of the measure of maximal entropy associated with $G$., Comment: 30 pages, minor changes in the proofs of Theorem 3.9 and Fact 9

In this paper we obtain multifractal generalizations of classical results by L\'evy and Khintchin in metrical Diophantine approximations and measure theory of continued fractions. We give a complete multifractal analysis for Stern--Brocot intervals, for continued fractions and for certain Diophantine growth rates. In particular, we give detailed discussions of two multifractal spectra closely related to the Farey map and the Gauss map., Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures