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Traditionally, the process of measuring the optical parameters of a beamline has employed the use of one of two standard methods, namely the three-screen method or a quadrupole magnet scan. Both require either an area of zero dispersion to perform the measurements or knowledge of the dispersion function and momentum spread beforehand in order to provide accurate results. There is however a third method that can be used to measure the standard optical parameters, the beam parameters, the dispersion function, and the momentum spread simultaneously. This method, aptly named the six-screen method, is an extension of the more standard three-screen method. Utilizing the simulation environment of G4beamline, we simulated the 8 GeV proton beam in the M4 beamline and measured the optical and beam parameters using the two standard approaches. Those results were then used as a reference to check the viability of employing the less standard six-screen method in the M4 line. If shown to be a viable option, the six-screen method could be used to retrieve the dispersion function and momentum spread of the beam without needing to change the energy of the beam., Proceedings of the 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2021, Campinas, SP, Brazil

In the following years, the Fermilab Muon Campus will deliver highly polarized muon beams to the Muon g-2 Experiment. The Muon Campus contains a target section wherein secondaries are produced, the delivery ring which separates the muons from the rest of the beam and a sequence of beamlines that transports them to the Muon g-2 storage ring. Here, we report the first results of beam measurements at the Muon Campus with emphasis on the key achievements that have contributed to the successful beam delivery to the Muon g-2 Experiment. These achievements include the production of an intense secondary beam from the target, it’s transport over 2 km, the successful monitoring of muons from the available diagnostics and the development of techniques for measuring the transverse optics. We also present detailed comparisons between experimental data and simulation and discuss the similarities and differences observed., Proceedings of the 10th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2019, Melbourne, Australia

The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab is tasked with measuring the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment with high precision. Since the experiment requires large amounts of muons, it is imperative to systematically study the behavior of the beam along the transport line. Unfortunately, the available diagnostics only provide beam information in X-Y space. For a complete evaluation, information of the phase-space is required. This paper demonstrates a technique to measure the beam phase-space distribution by using a set of beam profiles. First, we establish the theoretical framework that describes the principle of the technique. Next, we apply the technique at four different locations along the accelerator delivery line. Finally, we compare our findings to predictions from tracking simulations. Our results indicate that the beam phase-space volume is conserved, along the beam delivery line, suggesting minimal loses and linear transport as expected by design. Compared to the simulations, there is good agreement in both horizontal and vertical plane with the former being at the 4% level while the latter being in the 15% level. Our proposed technique is expected to provide a promising approach for optimizing injection and thereby improving the performance of the Muon g-2 Experiment., Proceedings of the 10th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2019, Melbourne, Australia

The main goal of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab (E989) is to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment (a, also dubbed as the "anomaly’’) to unprecedented precision. This new measurement will allow to test the completeness of the Standard Model (SM) and to validate other theoretical models beyond the SM. Simulations of the beamlines from the pion production target to the entrance of the g-2 Storage Ring using COSY INFINITY contribute to the understanding and characterization of the muon beam production in relation to the statistical and systematics uncertainties of the E989 measurement. The effect of nonlinearites from fringe fields and high-order contributions on the beam delivery system performance are considered, as well as interactions with the beamline elements apertures, particle decay channels, spin dynamics, and beamline misalignments., Proceedings of the 13th Int. Computational Accelerator Physics Conf., ICAP2018, Key West, FL, USA

The target station of the Muon g-2 Experiment is one of the central pieces for the production of secondary pions which eventually will decay to the desired mu-ons. In this paper, we report adjustments made to opti-mize its performance. For instance, in the simulation we vary the size of the primary incoming beam and examine its impact on the downstream production. We then compare this with the actual measured beam size upstream of the target. In addition, we examine the sensitivity in performance with the strength of the lithium lens for pion capture and the distance between lens and target. We compare measured data with simu-lation results., Proceedings of the 10th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2019, Melbourne, Australia

The Fermilab’s Mu2e experiment is designed to search for Charged Lepton Flavour Violation in direct, neutrinoless conversion of muon into electron in the presence of a nucleus’ electromagnetic field. Quantity, which is going to be observed is the ratio between the rate of the above BSM (Beyond Standard Model) reaction and the rate of the standard muon capture on the nucleus. The measurement precision is expected to reach up to 10⁻¹⁷. Mu2e-II is the codename for the second phase of the experiment planned to run with the lower energy, higher intensity primary proton beam provided by PIP-II accelerator, currently under construction. The ionization cooling with a wedge absorber is introduced to Mu2e-II setup for potential increase in the number of low momentum muons reaching the target. The study is made into the position and size of the wedge inside the beamline using G4Beamline simulation framework. Results show an increase up to 12% for muons with momentum P below 30 MeV/c and 7% for muons with P40 MeV/c when the beam is measured right after the wedge. Further studies are necessary to investigate how this gain can be delivered to the stopping target., Proceedings of the 10th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2019, Melbourne, Australia

Following the discovery of the Higgs boson at LHC, new large colliders are being studied by the international high-energy community to explore Higgs physics in detail and new physics beyond the Standard Model. In China, a two-stage circular collider project CEPC-SPPC is proposed, with the first stage CEPC (Circular Electron Positron Collier, a so-called Higgs factory) focused on Higgs physics, and the second stage SPPC (Super Proton-Proton Collider) focused on new physics beyond the Standard Model. This paper discusses this second stage., 34 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables

Determination of the properties of a beam during transport is a vital process for most accelerator-related experiments; for example Fermilab's Muon g-2 experiment requires large numbers of muons to be stored in a storage ring of 7 meter radius, and the transmission fraction has been shown to depend strongly on the properties of the beam, specifically the Twiss parameters. The current equipment in the muon campus beamlines allows only measurement of beam profiles which limits how well propagation can be predicted, however by using the well-studied quad-scan technique it is possible to obtain all of the Twiss parameters at a point using these profiles. Experimental quad-scans of muon beams have not yet been reported, this paper introduces the quad-scan technique and then goes on to discuss the analysis of one such experiment and the results obtained, showing that such a technique is applicable in the muon g-2 experiment to obtain the Twiss parameters without requiring installation of new equipment., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Fermilab's Muon g-2 experiment aims to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon to an unprecedented precision of 140 ppb. It relies on large numbers of muons surviving many turns in the storage ring without colliding with the sides, at least long enough for the muons to decay. Longitudinal ionization cooling is introduced with respect to Fermilab's Muon g-2 experiment in an attempt to increase storage and through this the statistics and quality of results. The ionization cooling is introduced to the beam through a material wedge, an initial simulation study is made into the positioning, material, and geometrical parameters of this wedge using G4Beamline. Results suggest a significant increase of 20 - 30% in the number of stored muons when the optimal wedge is included in the simulation., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

The Fermilab muon g-2 experiment aims to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment with a precision of 140 ppb - a fourfold improvement over the 540 ppb precision obtained in the BNL muon g-2 experiment. Both of these high-precision experiments require an extremely uniform magnetic field in the muon storage ring. A superconducting magnetic inflector system is used to inject beam into the storage ring as close as possible to the design orbit while minimizing disturbances to the storage-region magnetic field. The Fermilab experiment is currently in its first data-taking run, where the Fermilab inflector system is the refurbished BNL inflector system. This discussion reviews the Fermilab inflector system refurbishment and commissioning., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Low energy muon experiments such as mu2e and g-2 have a limited energy spread acceptance. Following techniques developed in muon cooling studies and the MICE experiment, the number of muons within the desired energy spread can be increased by the matched use of wedge absorbers. More generally, the phase space of muon beams can be manipulated by absorbers in beam transport lines. Applications with simulation results are presented., Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Beam Cooling and Related Topics, COOL2017, Bonn, Germany

The Fermilab Muon Campus will host the Muon g-2 experiment - a world class experiment dedicated to the search for signals of new physics. Strict demands are placed on the beam diagnostics in order to ensure delivery of high quality beams to the storage ring with minimal losses. In this study, we briefly describe the available secondary beam diagnostics for the Fermilab Muon Campus. Then, with the aid of numerical simulations we detail their interaction with the secondary beam. Finally, we compare our results against theoretical findings., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark

The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab aims to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon to a precision of 140 ppb ─ a fourfold improvement over the 540 ppb precision obtained in BNL experiment E821. Obtaining this precision requires controlling total systematic errors at the 100 ppb level. One form of systematic error on the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment occurs when the muon beam injected and stored in the ring has a correlation between the muon's spin direction and its momentum. In this paper, we first analyze the creation and transport of muon polarization from the production target to the Muon g-2 storage ring. Then, we detail the spin-momentum and spin-orbit correlations and estimate their impact on the final measurement. Finally, we outline mitigation strategies that could potentially circumvent this problem., Proceedings of the North American Particle Accelerator Conf., NAPAC2016, Chicago, IL, USA

Starting this summer, Fermilab will host a key exper-iment dedicated to the search for signals of new phys-ics: The Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment. Its aim is to precisely measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. In full operation, in order to avoid contami-nation, the newly born secondary beam is injected into a 505 m long Delivery Ring (DR) wherein it makes several revolutions before being send to the experi-ment. Part of the commissioning scenario will execute a running mode wherein the passage from the DR will be skipped. With the aid of numerical simulations, we provide estimates of the expected performance., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark

The Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment has a goal of measuring the muon anomalous magnetic moment to a precision of 140 ppb - a fourfold improvement over the 540 ppb precision obtained by the BNL Muon g-2 Experiment. Some muons in the storage ring will interact with material and undergo bremsstrahlung, emitting radiation and loosing energy. These so called lost muons will curl in towards the center of the ring and be lost, but some of them will be detected by the calorimeters. A systematic error will arise if the lost muons have a different average spin phase than the stored muons. Algorithms are being developed to estimate the relative number of lost muons, so as to optimize the stored muon beam. This study presents initial testing of algorithms that can be used to estimate the lost muons by using either double or triple detection coincidences in the calorimeters., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark

The Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) completed a four-year study on the feasibility of muon colliders and on using stored muon beams for neutrinos. That study was broadly successful in its goals, establishing the feasibility of lepton colliders from the 125 GeV Higgs Factory to more than 10 TeV, as well as exploring using a ' storage ring (MSR) for neutrinos, and establishing that MSRs could provide factory-level intensities of 'e (''e) and ''' ('') beams. The key components of the collider and neutrino factory systems were identified. Feasible designs and detailed simulations of all of these components were obtained, including some initial hardware component tests, setting the stage for future implementation where resources are available and clearly associated physics goals become apparent., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark

The Muon g-2 Experiment plans to use the Fermilab Recycler Ring for forming the proton bunches that hit its production target. The proposed scheme uses one RF system, 80 kV of 2.5 MHz RF. In order to avoid bunch rotations in a mismatched bucket, the 2.5 MHz is ramped adiabatically from 3 to 80 kV in 90 ms. In this study, the interaction of the primary proton beam with the production target for the Muon g-2 Experiment is numerically examined., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark

In the next decade the Fermilab Muon Campus will host two world class experiments dedicated to the search for signals of new physics. The Muon g-2 experiment will determine with unprecedented precision the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. The Mu2e experiment will improve by four orders of magnitude the sensitivity on the search for the as-yet unobserved Charged Lepton Flavor Violation process of a neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron. In this paper, we will discuss the possibility for extending the Muon Campus capabilities for neutrino research. With the aid of numerical simulations, we estimate the number of produced neutrinos at various locations along the beamlines as well along the Small Baseline Neutrino Detector which faces one of the straight sections of the delivery ring. Finally, we discuss diagnostics required for realistic implementation of the experiment., Proceedings of the North American Particle Accelerator Conf., NAPAC2016, Chicago, IL, USA

In the next decade the Fermilab Muon Campus will host two world class experiments dedicated to the search for signals of new physics. The Muon g-2 experiment will determine with unprecedented precision the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. The Mu2e experiment will improve by four orders of magnitude the sensitivity on the search for the as-yet unobserved Charged Lepton Flavor Violation process of a neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron. Maintaining and preserving a high density of particles in phase-space is an important requirement for both experiments. This paper presents a new experimental method for mapping the transverse phase space of a particle beam based on tomographic principles. We simulate our technique using the tracking code GEANT4, to ascertain accuracy of the reconstruction. Then we apply the technique to a series of proof-of-principle simulation tests to study injection, transport and extraction of muon and proton beams for the Fermilab g-2 and Mu2e Experiments., Proceedings of the 8th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark