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1. Development and validation of quantitative PCR assays for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a diagnostic accuracy study

Author

Goodall, J, Mawoko, N, Milburn, J, Mmipi, R, Muthoga, C, Ponatshego, P, Rulaganyang, I, Seatla, K, Tlhako, N, Tsholo, K, April, S, Bekiswa, A, Boloko, L, Bookholane, H, Crede, T, Davids, L, Goliath, R, Hlungulu, S, Hoffman, R, Kyepa, H, Masina, N, Maughan, D, Mnguni, T, Moosa, S, Morar, T, Mpalali, M, Naude, J, Oliphant, I, Sayed, S, Sebesho, L, Shey, M, Swanepoel, L, Chasweka, M, Chimang’anga, W, Chimphambano, T, Dziwani, E, Gondwe, E, Kadzilimbile, A, Kateta, S, Kossam, E, Kukacha, C, Lipenga, B, Ndaferankhande, J, Ndalama, M, Shah, R, Singini, A, Stott, K, Zambasa, A, Banda, T, Chikaonda, T, Chitulo, G, Chiwoko, L, Chome, N, Gwin, M, Kachitosi, T, Kamanga, B, Kazembe, M, Kumwenda, E, Kumwenda, M, Maya, C, Mhango, W, Mphande, C, Msumba, L, Munthali, T, Ngoma, D, Nicholas, S, Simwinga, L, Stambuli, A, Tegha, G, Zambezi, J, Ahimbisibwe, C, Akampurira, A, Alice, A, Cresswell, F, Gakuru, J, Kiiza, D, Kisembo, J, Kwizera, R, Kugonza, F, Laker, E, Luggya, T, Lule, A, Musubire, A, Muyise, R, Namujju, O, Ndyetukira, J, Nsangi, L, Okirwoth, M, Sadiq, A, Tadeo, K, Tukundane, A, Williams, D, Atwine, L, Buzaare, P, Collins, M, Emily, N, Inyakuwa, C, Kariisa, S, Mwesigye, J, Niwamanya, S, Rodgers, A, Rukundo, J, Rwomushana, I, Ssemusu, M, Stead, G, Boyd, K, Gondo, S, Kufa, P, Makaha, E, Moyo, C, Mtisi, T, Mudzingwa, S, Mwarumba, T, Zinyandu, T, Dromer, F, Johnstone, P, Hafeez, S, Mbangiwa, Tshepiso, Sturny-Leclère, Aude, Lechiile, Kwana, Kajanga, Cheusisime, Boyer-Chammard, Timothée, Hoving, Jennifer C, Leeme, Tshepo, Moyo, Melanie, Youssouf, Nabila, Lawrence, David S, Mwandumba, Henry, Mosepele, Mosepele, Harrison, Thomas S, Jarvis, Joseph N, Lortholary, Olivier, and Alanio, Alexandre

Published
2024
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3. Development and validation of quantitative PCR assays for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: a diagnostic accuracy study

Author

Mbangiwa, Tshepiso, primary, Sturny-Leclère, Aude, additional, Lechiile, Kwana, additional, Kajanga, Cheusisime, additional, Boyer-Chammard, Timothée, additional, Hoving, Jennifer C, additional, Leeme, Tshepo, additional, Moyo, Melanie, additional, Youssouf, Nabila, additional, Lawrence, David S, additional, Mwandumba, Henry, additional, Mosepele, Mosepele, additional, Harrison, Thomas S, additional, Jarvis, Joseph N, additional, Lortholary, Olivier, additional, Alanio, Alexandre, additional, Goodall, J, additional, Mawoko, N, additional, Milburn, J, additional, Mmipi, R, additional, Muthoga, C, additional, Ponatshego, P, additional, Rulaganyang, I, additional, Seatla, K, additional, Tlhako, N, additional, Tsholo, K, additional, April, S, additional, Bekiswa, A, additional, Boloko, L, additional, Bookholane, H, additional, Crede, T, additional, Davids, L, additional, Goliath, R, additional, Hlungulu, S, additional, Hoffman, R, additional, Kyepa, H, additional, Masina, N, additional, Maughan, D, additional, Mnguni, T, additional, Moosa, S, additional, Morar, T, additional, Mpalali, M, additional, Naude, J, additional, Oliphant, I, additional, Sayed, S, additional, Sebesho, L, additional, Shey, M, additional, Swanepoel, L, additional, Chasweka, M, additional, Chimang’anga, W, additional, Chimphambano, T, additional, Dziwani, E, additional, Gondwe, E, additional, Kadzilimbile, A, additional, Kateta, S, additional, Kossam, E, additional, Kukacha, C, additional, Lipenga, B, additional, Ndaferankhande, J, additional, Ndalama, M, additional, Shah, R, additional, Singini, A, additional, Stott, K, additional, Zambasa, A, additional, Banda, T, additional, Chikaonda, T, additional, Chitulo, G, additional, Chiwoko, L, additional, Chome, N, additional, Gwin, M, additional, Kachitosi, T, additional, Kamanga, B, additional, Kazembe, M, additional, Kumwenda, E, additional, Kumwenda, M, additional, Maya, C, additional, Mhango, W, additional, Mphande, C, additional, Msumba, L, additional, Munthali, T, additional, Ngoma, D, additional, Nicholas, S, additional, Simwinga, L, additional, Stambuli, A, additional, Tegha, G, additional, Zambezi, J, additional, Ahimbisibwe, C, additional, Akampurira, A, additional, Alice, A, additional, Cresswell, F, additional, Gakuru, J, additional, Kiiza, D, additional, Kisembo, J, additional, Kwizera, R, additional, Kugonza, F, additional, Laker, E, additional, Luggya, T, additional, Lule, A, additional, Musubire, A, additional, Muyise, R, additional, Namujju, O, additional, Ndyetukira, J, additional, Nsangi, L, additional, Okirwoth, M, additional, Sadiq, A, additional, Tadeo, K, additional, Tukundane, A, additional, Williams, D, additional, Atwine, L, additional, Buzaare, P, additional, Collins, M, additional, Emily, N, additional, Inyakuwa, C, additional, Kariisa, S, additional, Mwesigye, J, additional, Niwamanya, S, additional, Rodgers, A, additional, Rukundo, J, additional, Rwomushana, I, additional, Ssemusu, M, additional, Stead, G, additional, Boyd, K, additional, Gondo, S, additional, Kufa, P, additional, Makaha, E, additional, Moyo, C, additional, Mtisi, T, additional, Mudzingwa, S, additional, Mwarumba, T, additional, Zinyandu, T, additional, Dromer, F, additional, Johnstone, P, additional, and Hafeez, S, additional

Published
2024
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15. Population pharmacokinetic model and meta-analysis of outcomes of amphotericin B deoxycholate use in adults with cryptococcal meningitis

Author

Stott, K, Beardsley, J, Whalley, S, Kibengo, F, Mai, N, Kolamunnage-Dona, R, Hope, W, and Day, J

Abstract

There is a limited understanding of the population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of amphotericin B deoxycholate (DAmB) for cryptococcal meningitis (CM). A PK study was conducted in n=42 patients receiving DAmB 1 mg/kg q24h. A 2-compartment PK model was developed. Patient weight influenced clearance and volume in the final structural model. Monte Carlo simulations estimated drug exposure associated with various DAmB dosages. A search was conducted for trials reporting outcomes of CM patients treated with DAmB monotherapy and a meta-analysis was performed. The PK parameter means (standard deviation) were: clearance, 0.03 (0.01) x weight + 0.95 (0.02) litres/hour; volume, 0.89 (0.90) x weight + 1.54 (1.13) litres; first-order rate constant from central to peripheral compartment, 7.12 (6.50) hours^-1; from peripheral to central compartment, 12.13 (12.50) hours^-1. The meta-analysis suggested that DAmB dosage explained most of the heterogeneity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sterility, but not in mortality outcomes. Simulations of area under concentration-time curve (AUC144-168) resulted in median (interquartile range) values 5.83 mg.h/litre (4.66-8.55), 10.16 (8.07- 14.55) and 14.51 (11.48-20.42), with dosages of 0.4, 0.7 and 1.0 mg/kg q24h respectively. DAmB PK is described adequately by a linear model that incorporates weight on clearance and volume. Inter-patient PK variability is modest and unlikely to be responsible for variability in clinical outcome. There is a discord between the impact that drug exposure has on CSF sterility and on mortality outcomes, which may be due to cerebral pathology not reflected in CSF fungal burden, in addition to clinical variables.

Published
2018

16. Pharmacokinetics of rifampicin in adult TB patients and healthy volunteers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Stott, K E, Pertinez, H, Sturkenboom, M G G, Boeree, M J, Aarnoutse, R, Ramachandran, G, Requena-Méndez, A, Peloquin, C, Koegelenberg, C F N, Alffenaar, J W C, Ruslami, R, Tostmann, A, Swaminathan, S, McIlleron, H, Davies, G, and Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Farmacocinètica, Tuberculosi, Administration, Oral, Healthy Volunteers, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Humans, Tuberculosis, Pharmacokinetics, Female, Systematic Review, Rifampin, Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 196252.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore inter-study heterogeneity in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of orally administered rifampicin, to derive summary estimates of rifampicin PK parameters at standard dosages and to compare these with summary estimates for higher dosages. Methods: A systematic search was performed for studies of rifampicin PK published in the English language up to May 2017. Data describing the Cmax and AUC were extracted. Meta-analysis provided summary estimates for PK parameter estimates at standard rifampicin dosages. Heterogeneity was assessed by estimation of the I2 statistic and visual inspection of forest plots. Summary AUC estimates at standard and higher dosages were compared graphically and contextualized using preclinical pharmacodynamic (PD) data. Results: Substantial heterogeneity in PK parameters was evident and upheld in meta-regression. Treatment duration had a significant impact on the summary estimates for rifampicin PK parameters, with Cmax 8.98 mg/L (SEM 2.19) after a single dose and 5.79 mg/L (SEM 2.14) at steady-state dosing, and AUC 72.56 mg.h/L (SEM 2.60) and 38.73 mg.h/L (SEM 4.33) after single and steady-state dosing, respectively. Rifampicin dosages of at least 25 mg/kg are required to achieve plasma PK/PD targets defined in preclinical studies. Conclusions: Vast inter-study heterogeneity exists in rifampicin PK parameter estimates. This is not explained by the available modifying variables. The recommended dosage of rifampicin should be increased to improve efficacy. This study provides an important point of reference for understanding rifampicin PK at standard dosages as efforts to explore higher dosing strategies continue in this field.

Published
2018

21. An unusual xylan in Arabidopsis primary cell walls is synthesised by GUX3, IRX9L, IRX10L and IRX14

Author

Mortimer, JC, Faria-Blanc, N, Yu, X, Tryfona, T, Sorieul, M, Ng, YZ, Zhang, Z, Stott, K, Anders, N, Dupree, P, Tryfona, Theodora [0000-0002-1618-3521], Stott, Katherine [0000-0002-4014-1188], Anders, Nadine [0000-0001-9854-576X], Dupree, Paul [0000-0001-9270-6286], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
IRX9L, GUX3, animal structures, Arabidopsis thaliana, primary wall, Arabidopsis Proteins, Plant Biology & Botany, technology, industry, and agriculture, Arabidopsis, food and beverages, Glycosyltransferases, Plant Biology, macromolecular substances, carbohydrates (lipids), IRX14, Xylan, IRX10L, Cell Wall, Xylans, Pentosyltransferases, Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Abstract

© 2015 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Summary Xylan is a crucial component of many plant primary and secondary cell walls. However, the structure and function of xylan in the dicotyledon primary cell wall is not well understood. Here, we characterized a xylan that is specific to tissues enriched in Arabidopsis primary cell walls. Unlike previously described xylans, this xylan carries a pentose linked 1-2 to the α-1,2-d-glucuronic acid (GlcA) side chains on the β-1,4-Xyl backbone. The frequent and precisely regular spacing of GlcA substitutions every six xylosyl residues along the backbone is also unlike that previously observed in secondary cell wall xylan. Molecular genetics, in vitro assays, and expression data suggest that IRX9L, IRX10L and IRX14 are required for xylan backbone synthesis in primary cell wall synthesising tissues. IRX9 and IRX10 are not involved in the primary cell wall xylan synthesis but are functionally exchangeable with IRX9L and IRX10L. GUX3 is the only glucuronyltransferase required for the addition of the GlcA decorations on the xylan. The differences in xylan structure in primary versus secondary cell walls might reflect the different roles in cross-linking and interaction with other cell wall components. Significance Statement We have characterised a previously unreported type of xylan, which is a hemicellulose, in the Arabidopsis primary cell wall and shown that GUX3 is specifically responsible for adding the GlcA side chains with a precise spacing pattern. In addition, we have shown that only a subset of the known proteins responsible for xylan backbone elongation, IRX9L, IRX10L and IRX14, are necessary to synthesise this xylan.

Published
2015
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24. A Multilaboratory Comparison of Calibration Accuracy and the Performance of External References in Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Author

Langowski, J, Zhao, H, Ghirlando, R, Alfonso, C, Arisaka, F, Attali, I, Bain, DL, Bakhtina, MM, Becker, DF, Bedwell, GJ, Bekdemir, A, Besong, TMD, Birck, C, Brautigam, CA, Brennerman, W, Byron, O, Bzowska, A, Chaires, JB, Chaton, CT, Coelfen, H, Connaghan, KD, Crowley, KA, Curth, U, Daviter, T, Dean, WL, Diez, AI, Ebel, C, Eckert, DM, Eisele, LE, Eisenstein, E, England, P, Escalante, C, Fagan, JA, Fairman, R, Finn, RM, Fischle, W, Garcia de la Torre, J, Gor, J, Gustafsson, H, Hall, D, Harding, SE, Hernandez Cifre, JG, Herr, AB, Howell, EE, Isaac, RS, Jao, S-C, Jose, D, Kim, S-J, Kokona, B, Kornblatt, JA, Kosek, D, Krayukhina, E, Krzizike, D, Kusznir, EA, Kwon, H, Larson, A, Laue, TM, Le Roy, A, Leech, AP, Lilie, H, Luger, K, Luque-Ortega, JR, Ma, J, May, CA, Maynard, EL, Modrak-Wojcik, A, Mok, Y-F, Muecke, N, Nagel-Steger, L, Narlikar, GJ, Noda, M, Nourse, A, Obsil, T, Park, CK, Park, J-K, Pawelek, PD, Perdue, EE, Perkins, SJ, Perugini, MA, Peterson, CL, Peverelli, MG, Piszczek, G, Prag, G, Prevelige, PE, Raynal, BDE, Rezabkova, L, Richter, K, Ringel, AE, Rosenberg, R, Rowe, AJ, Rufer, AC, Scott, DJ, Seravalli, JG, Solovyova, AS, Song, R, Staunton, D, Stoddard, C, Stott, K, Strauss, HM, Streicher, WW, Sumida, JP, Swygert, SG, Szczepanowski, RH, Tessmer, I, Toth, RT, Tripathy, A, Uchiyama, S, Uebel, SFW, Unzai, S, Gruber, AV, von Hippel, PH, Wandrey, C, Wang, S-H, Weitzel, SE, Wielgus-Kutrowska, B, Wolberger, C, Wolff, M, Wright, E, Wu, Y-S, Wubben, JM, Schuck, P, Langowski, J, Zhao, H, Ghirlando, R, Alfonso, C, Arisaka, F, Attali, I, Bain, DL, Bakhtina, MM, Becker, DF, Bedwell, GJ, Bekdemir, A, Besong, TMD, Birck, C, Brautigam, CA, Brennerman, W, Byron, O, Bzowska, A, Chaires, JB, Chaton, CT, Coelfen, H, Connaghan, KD, Crowley, KA, Curth, U, Daviter, T, Dean, WL, Diez, AI, Ebel, C, Eckert, DM, Eisele, LE, Eisenstein, E, England, P, Escalante, C, Fagan, JA, Fairman, R, Finn, RM, Fischle, W, Garcia de la Torre, J, Gor, J, Gustafsson, H, Hall, D, Harding, SE, Hernandez Cifre, JG, Herr, AB, Howell, EE, Isaac, RS, Jao, S-C, Jose, D, Kim, S-J, Kokona, B, Kornblatt, JA, Kosek, D, Krayukhina, E, Krzizike, D, Kusznir, EA, Kwon, H, Larson, A, Laue, TM, Le Roy, A, Leech, AP, Lilie, H, Luger, K, Luque-Ortega, JR, Ma, J, May, CA, Maynard, EL, Modrak-Wojcik, A, Mok, Y-F, Muecke, N, Nagel-Steger, L, Narlikar, GJ, Noda, M, Nourse, A, Obsil, T, Park, CK, Park, J-K, Pawelek, PD, Perdue, EE, Perkins, SJ, Perugini, MA, Peterson, CL, Peverelli, MG, Piszczek, G, Prag, G, Prevelige, PE, Raynal, BDE, Rezabkova, L, Richter, K, Ringel, AE, Rosenberg, R, Rowe, AJ, Rufer, AC, Scott, DJ, Seravalli, JG, Solovyova, AS, Song, R, Staunton, D, Stoddard, C, Stott, K, Strauss, HM, Streicher, WW, Sumida, JP, Swygert, SG, Szczepanowski, RH, Tessmer, I, Toth, RT, Tripathy, A, Uchiyama, S, Uebel, SFW, Unzai, S, Gruber, AV, von Hippel, PH, Wandrey, C, Wang, S-H, Weitzel, SE, Wielgus-Kutrowska, B, Wolberger, C, Wolff, M, Wright, E, Wu, Y-S, Wubben, JM, and Schuck, P

Abstract

Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a first principles based method to determine absolute sedimentation coefficients and buoyant molar masses of macromolecules and their complexes, reporting on their size and shape in free solution. The purpose of this multi-laboratory study was to establish the precision and accuracy of basic data dimensions in AUC and validate previously proposed calibration techniques. Three kits of AUC cell assemblies containing radial and temperature calibration tools and a bovine serum albumin (BSA) reference sample were shared among 67 laboratories, generating 129 comprehensive data sets. These allowed for an assessment of many parameters of instrument performance, including accuracy of the reported scan time after the start of centrifugation, the accuracy of the temperature calibration, and the accuracy of the radial magnification. The range of sedimentation coefficients obtained for BSA monomer in different instruments and using different optical systems was from 3.655 S to 4.949 S, with a mean and standard deviation of (4.304 ± 0.188) S (4.4%). After the combined application of correction factors derived from the external calibration references for elapsed time, scan velocity, temperature, and radial magnification, the range of s-values was reduced 7-fold with a mean of 4.325 S and a 6-fold reduced standard deviation of ± 0.030 S (0.7%). In addition, the large data set provided an opportunity to determine the instrument-to-instrument variation of the absolute radial positions reported in the scan files, the precision of photometric or refractometric signal magnitudes, and the precision of the calculated apparent molar mass of BSA monomer and the fraction of BSA dimers. These results highlight the necessity and effectiveness of independent calibration of basic AUC data dimensions for reliable quantitative studies.

Published
2015

25. An International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List ecosystems risk assessment for alpine snow patch herbfields, South-Eastern Australia

Author

Williams, R. J., primary, Wahren, C.-H., additional, Stott, K. A. J., additional, Camac, J. S., additional, White, M., additional, Burns, E., additional, Harris, S., additional, Nash, M., additional, Morgan, J. W., additional, Venn, S., additional, Papst, W. A., additional, and Hoffmann, A. A., additional

Published
2015
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27. An integrated model to examine the effects of Sustainable Diversion Limits: A case study in the Lower Campaspe catchment

Author

Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S., Boland J., El Sawah, Sondoss, Kelly (nee Letcher), Rebecca Anne, Beverly, C., Stott, K., Patrick, Marian, Kath, J., Croke, Barry, Qureshi, Ejaz, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Asher, Michael, Roberts, A., Jakeman, Anthony, Piantadosi, J., Anderssen, R.S., Boland J., El Sawah, Sondoss, Kelly (nee Letcher), Rebecca Anne, Beverly, C., Stott, K., Patrick, Marian, Kath, J., Croke, Barry, Qureshi, Ejaz, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Asher, Michael, Roberts, A., and Jakeman, Anthony

Published
2013

28. Predicting Psychological Needs and Well-Being of Individuals Engaging in Weight Management: The Role of Important Others

Author

Ng, J., Ntoumanis, Nikos, Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie, Stott, K., Hindle, L., Ng, J., Ntoumanis, Nikos, Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie, Stott, K., and Hindle, L.

Abstract

Background: Using the self-determination theory (SDT) framework, we examined how significant others might support or thwart psychological needs of people with weight management goals, and in turn might affect their psychological well-being and weight control behaviors. Design: Longitudinal design with three sets of questionnaires administered over a 6-month period. Methods: One hundred and fifty-six eligible participants (age = 31.01 ± 13.21 years) were asked to complete questionnaires of SDT-based constructs, weight management behaviors, and psychological well-being. Hypotheses were tested using Bayesian path analysis. Results: Perceived autonomy support from significant others was related to psychological need satisfaction, while controlling behaviors by others were associated with need thwarting. In turn, need satisfaction was associated with some beneficial outcomes such as life satisfaction, and need thwarting was related to some maladaptive outcomes such as higher levels of depressive symptoms and increases in unhealthy diet behaviors. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the quality of interactions between individuals engaged in weight management and their significant others matters in terms of predicting the psychological needs and well-being of the former.

Published
2013

29. Recognition of the lipoyl domain is the ultimate determinant of substrate channelling in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex

Author

Jones, D D, Stott, K M, Reche, Pedro A, and Perham, R N

Subjects
Bioquímica, Biotecnología, Biología molecular
Abstract

Reductive acetylation of the lipoyl domain (E2plip) of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli is catalysed specifically by its partner pyruvate decarboxylase (E1p), and no productive interaction occurs with the analogous 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase (E1o) of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Residues in the lipoyl-lysine beta-turn region of the unlipoylated E2plip domain (E2plip(apo)) undergo significant changes in both chemical shift and transverse relaxation time (T(2)) in the presence of E1p but not E1o. Residue Gly11, in a prominent surface loop between beta-strands 1 and 2 in the E2plip domain, was also observed to undergo a significant change in chemical shift. Addition of pyruvate to the mixture of E2plip(apo) and E1p caused larger changes in chemical shift and the appearance of multiple cross-peaks for certain residues, suggesting that the domain was experiencing more than one type of interaction. Residues in both beta-strands 4 and 5, together with those in the prominent surface loop and the following beta-strand 2, appeared to be interacting with E1p, as did a small patch of residues centred around Glu31. The values of T(2) across the polypeptide chain backbone were also lower than in the presence of E1p alone, suggesting that E2plip(apo) binds more tightly after the addition of pyruvate. The lipoylated domain (E2plip(holo)) also exhibited significant changes in chemical shift and decreases in the overall T(2) relaxation times in the presence of E1p, the residues principally affected being restricted to the half of the domain that contains the lipoyl-lysine (Lys41) residue. In addition, small chemical shift changes and a general drop in T(2) times in the presence of E1o were observed, indicating that E2plip(holo) can interact, weakly but non-productively, with E1o. It is evident that recognition of the protein domain is the ultimate determinant of whether reductive acetylation of the lipoyl group occurs, and that this is ensured by a mosaic of interactions with the Elp.

Published
2001

30. Southern African Treatment Resistance Network (SATuRN) RegaDB HIV drug resistance and clinical management database: supporting patient management, surveillance and research in southern Africa

Author

Manasa, J., primary, Lessells, R., additional, Rossouw, T., additional, Naidu, K., additional, Van Vuuren, C., additional, Goedhals, D., additional, van Zyl, G., additional, Bester, A., additional, Skingsley, A., additional, Stott, K., additional, Danaviah, S., additional, Chetty, T., additional, Singh, L., additional, Moodley, P., additional, Iwuji, C., additional, McGrath, N., additional, Seebregts, C. J., additional, and de Oliveira, T., additional

Published
2014
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34. Proceedings of Research in Clinical Practice 2010: Research in Clinical Practice was held at the Academic Centre of the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, on Wednesday, 10 November 2010.

Author

Klenerman, P., primary, Webb, A., additional, McPherson, T., additional, Brennan, N., additional, Petrou, A., additional, Prassas, E., additional, Sullivan, P., additional, Adams, E., additional, Rodgers, C., additional, Gregg, N., additional, Hull, J., additional, Kelly, S., additional, Goodwin, A., additional, Lieske, B., additional, Bashir, S., additional, Nag, S., additional, Snaith, A., additional, Shrestha, R., additional, Silva, M., additional, Morten, K., additional, Higgins, S., additional, Akram, S., additional, Eyo, M., additional, Yates, T., additional, Baugh, V., additional, Lang, S., additional, Graham, C., additional, McCarthy, N., additional, Ashdown, H., additional, Walden, A., additional, Wainwright, E., additional, Dorrell, L., additional, Shine, B., additional, Hatch, R., additional, Griffiths, J., additional, Barber, V., additional, Young, D., additional, Lee, R., additional, Brenner, T., additional, Pettingill, P., additional, Sills, G., additional, Brodie, M., additional, Waters, P., additional, Vincent, A., additional, Lang, B., additional, Almerie, A., additional, Ip, V., additional, Ahmed, F., additional, Kang, J., additional, Eltz, S., additional, Kohrgruber, N., additional, McNeillis, B., additional, Wigley, J., additional, Shantikumar, S., additional, Thomas, G., additional, Ullah, M., additional, Pennant, S., additional, Glyn-Jones, S., additional, Sundar, S., additional, Butler, D., additional, Dyer, R., additional, Alsousou, J., additional, Willett, K., additional, Badurdeen, S., additional, Daish, H., additional, Mukherjee, S., additional, Worton, S., additional, North, S., additional, Wilson, C., additional, Garner, A., additional, Wear, H., additional, Sahnan, K., additional, Bagenal, J., additional, Kreckler, S., additional, Davis, J., additional, Macklin, P., additional, Tse, A., additional, Khan, J., additional, Readman, H., additional, Lloyd-Lavery, A., additional, Mitchel, E., additional, Wijesurendra, R., additional, Owen, K., additional, Bunch, C., additional, Dwight, J., additional, MacDonald, A., additional, Stott, K., additional, Munisamy, S., additional, Hallsworth, C., additional, Watson, N., additional, Connelly, K., additional, Sharma, R., additional, Orton, C., additional, Thomas, P., additional, Matar, H., additional, Peterson, P., additional, Sangle, S., additional, D'Cruz, D., additional, Blacklock, C., additional, Hirst, J., additional, Taylor, K., additional, Stevens, R., additional, Roberts, N., additional, Farmer, A., additional, Wing, L., additional, Bielinska, A., additional, Knight, K., additional, Babu, P., additional, Gandhi, P., additional, Cumming, T., additional, Sparkes, T., additional, and Jones, G., additional

Published
2011
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35. Recognition of the lipoyl domain is the ultimate determinant of substrate channelling in the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex

Author

Reche Gallardo, Pedro Antonio, Jones, D D, Stott, K M, Perham, R N, Reche Gallardo, Pedro Antonio, Jones, D D, Stott, K M, and Perham, R N

Abstract

doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4257, Reductive acetylation of the lipoyl domain (E2plip) of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of Escherichia coli is catalysed specifically by its partner pyruvate decarboxylase (E1p), and no productive interaction occurs with the analogous 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase (E1o) of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Residues in the lipoyl-lysine beta-turn region of the unlipoylated E2plip domain (E2plip(apo)) undergo significant changes in both chemical shift and transverse relaxation time (T(2)) in the presence of E1p but not E1o. Residue Gly11, in a prominent surface loop between beta-strands 1 and 2 in the E2plip domain, was also observed to undergo a significant change in chemical shift. Addition of pyruvate to the mixture of E2plip(apo) and E1p caused larger changes in chemical shift and the appearance of multiple cross-peaks for certain residues, suggesting that the domain was experiencing more than one type of interaction. Residues in both beta-strands 4 and 5, together with those in the prominent surface loop and the following beta-strand 2, appeared to be interacting with E1p, as did a small patch of residues centred around Glu31. The values of T(2) across the polypeptide chain backbone were also lower than in the presence of E1p alone, suggesting that E2plip(apo) binds more tightly after the addition of pyruvate. The lipoylated domain (E2plip(holo)) also exhibited significant changes in chemical shift and decreases in the overall T(2) relaxation times in the presence of E1p, the residues principally affected being restricted to the half of the domain that contains the lipoyl-lysine (Lys41) residue. In addition, small chemical shift changes and a general drop in T(2) times in the presence of E1o were observed, indicating that E2plip(holo) can interact, weakly but non-productively, with E1o. It is evident that recognition of the protein domain is the ultimate determinant of whether reductive acetyla, Depto. de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL, Fac. de Medicina, TRUE, pub

Published
2001

36. Managing potential drug-drug interactions between gastric acid-reducing agents and antiretroviral therapy: experience from a large HIV-positive cohort.

Author

Lewis, J. M., Stott, K. E., Monnery, D., Seden, K., Beeching, N. J., Chaponda, M., Khoo, S., and Beadsworth, M. B. J.

Subjects
DRUG interactions, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, GASTRIC acid, HIV infection risk factors, DEMOGRAPHIC databases, PROTON pump inhibitors, HIV infection epidemiology, ANTACIDS, HIV infections, MEDICAL prescriptions, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, DISEASE prevalence, HIV protease inhibitors, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and other drugs are well described. Gastric acid-reducing agents are one such class. However, few data exist regarding the frequency of and indications for prescription, nor risk assessment in the setting of an HIV cohort receiving antiretroviral therapy. To assess prevalence of prescription of gastric acid-reducing agents and drug-drug interaction within a UK HIV cohort, we reviewed patient records for the whole cohort, assessing demographic data, frequency and reason for prescription of gastric acid-reducing therapy. Furthermore, we noted potential drug-drug interaction and whether risk had been documented and mitigated. Of 701 patients on antiretroviral therapy, 67 (9.6%) were prescribed gastric acid-reducing therapy. Of these, the majority (59/67 [88.1%]) were prescribed proton pump inhibitors. We identified four potential drug-drug interactions, which were appropriately managed by temporally separating the administration of gastric acid-reducing agent and antiretroviral therapy, and all four of these patients remained virally suppressed. Gastric acid-reducing therapy, in particular proton pump inhibitor therapy, appears common in patients prescribed antiretroviral therapy. Whilst there remains a paucity of published data, our findings are comparable to those in other European cohorts. Pharmacovigilance of drug-drug interactions in HIV-positive patients is vital. Education of patients and staff, and accurate data-gathering tools, will enhance patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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43. Management of clozapine-induced weight gain.

Author

Stott K and Cassells F

Subjects
*WEIGHT gain, *CLOZAPINE, *BODY weight, *ANTIDEPRESSANTS, *HUMAN behavior
Abstract

Kerry Stott and Fiona Cassells review the literature on the subject of weight gain from a biopsychosocial perspective. They describe the physiological changes that occur in the hypothalamus of patients taking clozapine affecting appetite and look at the behavioural factors that can influence food choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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45. The use of glyphosate in fruit trees: effects on the suckers and on trees.

Author

Atkinson, D., Stott, K. G., O'Kennedy, N. D., Abernethy, W., and Allen, K. G.

Subjects
GLYPHOSATE, SOILS, PLUM, APPLES, TREES
Abstract

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
1978
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46. Experimental systems and a mathematical model for studying temperature effects on pollen-tube growth and fertilization in plum.

Author

Jefferies, C. J., Brain, P., Stott, K. G., and Belcher, A. R.

Subjects
MATHEMATICAL models, POLLEN tube, POLLINATION, PLUM, PLANT fertilization, PLANT physiology
Abstract

Cross and self pollen tubes were cultured in 'Victoria' plum flowers (Prunus domestica L.) at 5, 10, 15 and 20%deg;C. Pollen-tube lengths measured at intervals were fitted by S-shaped growth curves (logistic function) and the parameters of the curves used to derive a generalized model for pollen-tube growth based on accumulated temperatures. Above the threshold of 2.5°C, maximum growth rate was 0.34 mm per day-degree and the tubes reached half their final length at 16.6 day-degrees above 2.5°C. The model indicates that fertilization of plum flowers requires 16-20d at a constant temperature of 5°C after pollination, but only 3-4d at 15°C. Mathematical expressions based on the model are given for estimating pollen-tube penetration and growth rate from values of cumulated temperature since pollination, and for estimating the cumulated temperature necessary for pollen tubes to penetrate a given distance. Pollen-tube growth rates were the same in detached flowers, flowers attached to twigs, and flowers on young, grafted trees in pots. In detached flowers growth stopped before fertilization could occur, but some embryo sacs were fertilized in both the remaining treatments. Accurate pollen-tube growth assessments can therefore be made with detached flowers which are most convenient to use and can be accommodated in small incubators. Studies on fertilization, however, must use flowers on bulky and expensive grafted trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1982
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48. THE PERSISTENCE AND PENETRATION OF LARGE DOSES OF SIMAZINE IN UNCROPPED SOIL.

Author

Clay, D. V. and Stott, K. G.

Subjects
LOAM soils, SOILS, BIODEGRADATION, BIOLOGICAL assay, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Copyright of Weed Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
1973
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49. Combined antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance following incarceration.

Author

Stott, K. E., de Oliviera, T., and Lessells, R. J.

Subjects
*ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, *ANTITUBERCULAR agents, *DRUG resistance, *HIV infections, *PUBLIC health, *MYCOBACTERIAL diseases, TUBERCULOSIS case studies
Abstract

We describe a case of HIV/tuberculosis (TB) co-infection from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, characterised by drug resistance in both pathogens. The development of drug resistance was linked temporally to two periods of incarceration. This highlights the urgent need for improved integration of HIV/TB control strategies within prison health systems and within the broader public health framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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50. Nomenclature of the promising biomass coppice willows, Salix x sericans Tausch ex Kern., Salix dasyclados Wimm. and Salix 'Aquatica Gigantea'

Author

Stott, K. G.

Abstract

Some promising biomass clones traded in Great Britain as Salix x smithiana Willd. (S. viminalis x S. cinerea) are in fact S. x sericans Tausch ex Kern. (S. viminalis x S. caprea) but the major problem discussed is that two distinct willows are masquerading under the same name, S. dasyclados. To avoid confusion it is suggested that S. x dasyclados Wimmer is retained for the hybrid (2n = 57), a female clone and formerly a notable Dutch and English basket willow, whereas for S. dasyclados Skvortsov non Wimmer, a species ranging from the Baltic to Siberia with 2n = 76, the name S. burjatica Nasarov, as suggested by Chmelar, is preferred. The willows distributed and designated Salix aquatica Gigantea by the Danish willows specialist Jensen, which formed the basis of many early biomass trials, are regarded at present as selections of, or very similar to, S. burjatica Nasarov (S. dasyclados sensu Skvortsov non Wimmer). In addition to a higher level of ploidy, they are visually distinguishable from S. x dasyclados Wimm. by their wider and longer leaves, persistent stipules and the existence of male forms.

Published
1991
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