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The purpose of this paper is to introduce the class of large MR-Kannan contractions on Banach space that contains the classes of Kannan, enriched Kannan, large Kannan, MR-Kannan contractions and some other classes of nonlinear operators. Some examples are presented to support the concepts introduced herein. We prove the existence of a unique fixed point for such a class of operators in Banach spaces.

Introduction/purpose: This paper established a new mathematical framework by uncovering the relationships between Kannan contractions and interpolative Kannan contractions. The concept of unified interpolative Kannan contractions was introduced in the framework of a relational metric space. Additionally, the study aimed to broaden the concept of alpha admissibility by incorporating specific relational metric ideas. Methods: A detailed exploration of the properties and characteristics of Kannan contractions and interpolative Kannan contractions was conducted. The research introduced the concept of unified interpolative Kannan contractions and formulated new fixed point results for these mappings. Result: The study successfully established fixed point results for unified interpolative Kannan contractions within the framework of relational metric spaces. Additionally, an application of these results to solve a problem concerning nonlinear matrix equations was provided, further emphasizing their significance. Conclusion: The findings of this study significantly advanced the understanding of Kannan contractions and interpolative Kannan contractions, offering a unified framework for their analysis. The introduction of unified interpolative Kannan contractions and the expansion of alpha admissibility have broad implications for the field of mathematics.

Introduction/purpose: The aim of this paper is to establish some existence results of a fixed point for a class of expansive mappings defined on a complete S-metric space. Methods: An iteration scheme was used. Results: Some existing results of mappings satisfying contractive conditions are expanded to expansive ones, providing a new condition expressed in one variable under which the existence of a fixed point holds. Conclusions: This work provides new tools to fixed point theory together with their applications

Introduction/purpose: The Collatz conjecture has been considered and the stopping time needed for the recursive transformation to end has been investigated. Methods: A statistical analysis on the stopping time has been used. Results: The statistical approach shows that the probability of finding an infinite stopping time, that is a violation of the Collatz conjecture, is extremely low. Conclusion: Picking precisely one particular atom in the Universe is still more favorable, by more than 61 orders of magnitude, than encountering an infinite total stopping time.

Introduction/purpose: The aim of the paper is to prove the existence of solutions for a special case of the sixth-order boundary value problem. Methods: The Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem is used in order to determine lower and upper bound solutions. Results: Lower and upper bound solutions have been found. Conclusions: The sixth-order boundary value problem admits solutions.

Introduction/purpose: The paper presents a novel approach to certain well-established fixed point theorems for multivalued probabilistic contractions in b-Menger spaces, leveraging the boundedness of the orbits. The aim was to generalize and enhance the results previously derived by Fang and Hadžić. Methods: The boundedness of orbits in b-Menger spaces is used to establish their approach for multivalued probabilistic contractions. Results: The findings of the study not only generalized the existing fixed point theorems but also enhanced them significantly. The effectiveness of the approach in extending the results originally proposed by Fang and Hadžić was showcased. Moreover, the applicability of the coincidence fixed point theorem in fuzzy b-metric spaces was demonstrated. Conclusions: The study presented a novel perspective on fixed point theorems in multivalued probabilistic contractions within b-Menger spaces. By leveraging boundedness and introducing a coincidence fixed point theorem for fuzzy b-metric spaces, the work contributed to the advancement in this field.

This paper aims to introduce the new concept of an $ \alpha $-$ \theta $-Geraghty type contraction mapping using $ \mathcal{C}_{\mathcal{G}} $-simulation in a metric-like space. Additionally, through this type of contraction, we establish fixed point results that generalize several known fixed point results in the literature. We provide some examples as an application that proves the credibility of our results.

Introduction/purpose: In this paper, several critical remarks are presented concerning the paper of Iqbal & Rizwan: Existence of the solution to second order differential equation through fixed point results for nonlinear F-contractions involving w0-distance from 2020. Methods: Conventional theoretical methods of functional analysis. Results: It is shown that their use of the non-decreasing "control" function F instead of a strictly increasing one in Wardowski-type results usually produces contradictions. Conclusion: It is shown that such results can be obtained in a more general class of metric-like spaces, where strict monotonicity is the only assumption that has to be imposed on the function F. An example is presented showing that the obtained results are stronger than the classic ones.

This paper aims to give an extended class of contractive mappings combining types of Suzuki contractions α-admissible mapping and Wardowski F-contractions in b-metric-like spaces. Our results cover and generalize many of the recent advanced results on the existence and uniqueness of fixed points and fulfill the Suzuki-type nonlinear hybrid contractions on various generalized metrics.

In this paper, we establish the fixed point results for an orthogonal extended interpolative Ciric Reich-Rus type $ \psi\mathcal{F} $-contraction mapping on an orthogonal complete $ \mathfrak{b} $-metric spaces and give an example to strengthen our main results. Furthermore, we present an application to fixed point results to find analytical solutions for functional equation.

This paper aims to correct recent results on a generalized class of ϝ-contractions in the context of b-metric spaces. The significant work consists of repairing some novel results involving ϝ-contraction within the structure of b-metric spaces. Our objective is to take advantage of the property (F1) instead of the four properties viz. (F1), (F2), (F3) and (F4) applied in the results of Nazam et al. ["Coincidence and common fixed point theorems for four mappings satisfying ϝ-contraction", Nonlinear Anal: Model. Control., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 664--690, 2018]. Our approach of proving the results utilizing only the condition (F1) enriches, improves, and condenses the proofs of a multitude of results in the existing state-of-art.

This paper is dedicated to the memory of the esteemed Serbian mathematician Slaviša B. Prešić (1933–2008). The primary aim of this survey paper is to compile articles on Prešić-type mappings published since 1965. Additionally, it introduces a novel class of symmetric contractions known as Prešić–Menger and Prešić–Ćirić–Menger contractions, thereby enriching the literature on Prešić-type mappings. The paper endeavors to furnish young researchers with a comprehensive resource in functional and nonlinear analysis. The relevance of Prešić’s method, which generalizes Banach’s theorem from 1922, remains significant in metric fixed point theory, as evidenced by recent publications. The overview article addresses the growing importance of Prešić’s approach, coupled with new ideas, reflecting the ongoing advancements in the field. Additionally, the paper establishes the existence and uniqueness of fixed points in Menger spaces, contributing to the filling of gaps in the existing literature on Prešić’s works while providing valuable insights into this specialized domain.

In the present work, simulation function is applied to establish fixed point results of F-contraction in the setting of Bi-polar metric space. Our results are extensions or generalizations of results proved in the literature. The derived results are substantiated with suitable examples and an application to find the solution to the integral equation.

The paper defines a new contractive condition within κ−orbitally complete fuzzy metric spaces (Θ,M,T), as well as fixed point theorems for single-valued and multi-valued function on Θ which is not necessarily continuous. The contractive condition is motivated by an idea proposed in Ćirić's paper "On some maps with a nonunique fixed points". Continuity of mapping κ is replaced by κ−orbitally continuity property which provides the existence of the fixed point, but not necessarily uniqueness.

In the piece of this note, we mention various Suzuki-type fuzzy contractive inequalities in 1-Z-complete fuzzy metric-like spaces for uniqueness and existence of a fixed point and prove a few fuzzy fixed point theorems, which are appropriate generalizations of some of the latest famed results in the literature. Mainly, we generalize fuzzy Θ-contraction in terms of Suzuki-type fuzzy Θ-contraction and also fuzzy ϓ-contractive mapping in view of Suzuki-type. For this new group of Suzuki-type functions, acceptable conditions are formulated to ensure the existence of a unique fixed point. The attractive beauty of this fuzzy distance space lies in the symmetry of its variables, which play a crucial role in the construction of our contractive conditions to ensure the solution. Furthermore, a lot of considerable examples are presented to illustrate the significance of our results. In the end, we have discussed an application in an extensive way for the solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation via Suzuki-type fuzzy contractive mapping.

In this paper, our main aim is to present innovative fixed-point theorems that provide solutions to the fixed-circle problem with symmetric contractions. We accomplish this by employing operator enrichment techniques within the context of Banach spaces. Furthermore, we demonstrate the practical application of these theorems by showcasing their relevance to the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function. By exploring the connection between fixed points and activation functions, our work contributes to a deeper understanding of the behavior and properties of these fundamental mathematical concepts.

In this paper, various tensorial inequalities of trapezoid type were obtained. Identity from classical analysis is utilized to obtain the tensorial version of the said identity which in turn allowed us to obtain tensorial inequalities in Hilbert space. The continuous functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces have several tensorial norm inequalities discovered in this study. The convexity features of the mapping f lead to the variation in several inequalities of the trapezoid type.

In this paper, we present some common fixed point results for $ g $-quasi-contractions of Perov type in cone $ b $-metric spaces without the assumption of continuity. Besides, by constructing a non-expansive mapping from a real Banach algebra $ \mathcal{A} $ to $ \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{A}) $, the space of all of its bounded linear operators, we explore the relationship between the results for the mappings of Perov type on cone metric (cone $ b $-metric) spaces and that for the corresponding mappings on cone metric (cone $ b $-metric) spaces over Banach algebras. As consequences, without the assumption of normality, we obtain common fixed point theorems for generalized $ g $-quasi-contractions with the spectral radius $ r(\lambda) $ of the $ g $-quasi-contractive constant vector $ \lambda $ satisfying $ r(\lambda)\in [0, \frac{1}{s}) $ (where $ s\ge 1 $) in the setting of cone $ b $-metric spaces over Banach algebras. In addition, we also get some fixed point theorems for nonlinear contractions of Perov type in the setting of cone normed spaces. The main results generalize, extend and unify several well-known comparable results in the literature. Finally, we apply our main results to some nonlinear equations.

Abstract The concept of α-admissible mapping introduced by Samet et al. (Nonlinear Anal. 75:2154–2165, 2012) has various generalizations. In this paper, we introduce the concept of α s $\alpha _{s}$ -admissible mapping and its various forms by generalizing the concept of α-admissible mapping in the setting of S-metric spaces. Further, we also introduce generalized rational α s $\alpha _{s}$ -Geraghty contraction type mappings and study the existence of fixed point theorems in S-metric spaces. Examples are also given to verify the main results.

The purpose of this paper is to attain the existence of coincidences and common fixed points in four mappings satisfying (ψ,β,L)-generalized contractive conditions in the framework of partially ordered b-metric spaces. The main results presented in this paper generalize some recent results in the existing literature. Furthermore, a nontrivial example is presented to support the obtained results.

In this study, we present a mild solution to the Hilfer fractional differential equations with infinite delay. Firstly, we establish the results on an infinite interval; to achieve this, we use the generalized Ascoli–Arzelà theorem and Mönch’s fixed point theorem via a measure of noncompactness. Secondly, we consider the existence of a mild solution when the semigroup is compact, and the Schauder fixed-point theorem is used. The outcome is demonstrated using an infinitesimal operator, fractional calculus, semigroup theory, and abstract space. Finally, we present an example to support the results.

Using the approach of so-called c-sequences introduced by the fifth author in his recent work, we give much simpler and shorter proofs of multivalued Perov's type results with respect to the ones presented in the recently published paper by M. Abbas et al. Our proofs improve, complement, unify and enrich the ones from the recent papers. Further, in the last section of this paper, we correct and generalize the well-known Perov's fixed point result. We show that this result is in fact equivalent to Banach's contraction principle.

Introduction/purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the concept of b(αn,βn) -hypermetric spaces. Methods: Conventional theoretical methods of functional analysis. Results: This study presents the initial results on the topic of b(αn,βn) - hypermetric spaces. In the first part, we generalize an n-dimensional (n ≥ 2) hypermetric distance over an arbitrary non-empty set X. The b(αn,βn) -hyperdistance function is defined in any way we like, the only constraint being the simultaneous satisfaction of the three properties, viz, non-negativity and positive-definiteness, symmetry and (αn, βn)-triangle inequality. In the second part, we discuss the concept of (αn, βn)- completeness, with respect to this b(αn,βn) -hypermetric, and the fixed point theorem which plays an important role in applied mathematics in a variety of fields. Conclusion: With proper generalisations, it is possible to formulate well-known results of classical metric spaces to the case of b(αn,βn) - hypermetric spaces.

The aim of this paper is to give some fixed point results in generalized Menger probabilistic metric spaces. Moreover, some nontrivial examples are presented to illustrate the superiority of the obtained results. In addition, several interesting applications are given to show that our results are meaningful and valuable.

Thispaper recognizes a general approach related to recent fixed point results about the classes of interpolative and hybrid contractions in metric space and general metric spaces. Considering auxiliary functions, so called Wardowski functions, and a rich set of implicit relations, we introduce types of (αvq,ϕ,F)−contractions and r−order hybrid (αvq,ϕ,F)−contractions in the setting of b−metric-like spaces. They generate and simplify many forms of contractions widely used in the literature. The resulting theorems significantly extend, generalize, and unify an excellent work on fixed point theory.

Introduction/purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the concept of a universal hypermetric space. An n-dimensional (n ≥ 2) hypermetric distance over an arbitrary non-empty set X is generalized. This hypermetric distance measures how separated all n points of the space are. The paper discusses the concept of completeness, with respect to this hypermetric as well as the fixed point theorem which play an important role in applied mathematics in a variety of fields. Methods: Standard proof based theoretical methods of the functional analysis are employed. Results: The concept of a universal hypermetric space is presented. The universal properties of hypermetric spaces are described. Conclusion: This new version of the results for Un-hypermetric spaces may have applications in various disciplines where the degree of clustering is sought for.

Abstract The objective of this article is to introduce function weighted L-R-complete dislocated quasi-metric spaces and to present fixed point results fulfilling generalized rational type F-contraction for a multivalued mapping in these spaces. A suitable example confirms our results. We also present an application for a generalized class of nonlinear integral equations. Our results generalize and extend the results of Karapınar et al. (IEEE Access 7:89026–89032, 2019).

Since 1964, when I.A. Perov introduced the so-called generalized metric space where d(x,y) is an element of the vector space Rm, many researchers have considered various contractive conditions in this type of space. In this paper, we generalize, extend and unify some of those established results. We are primarily concerned with examining the existence of a fixed point of some mapping from X to itself, but if (x,y) belongs to some relation R on the set X, then the binary relation R and some F contraction defined on the space cone Rm are combined. We start our consideration with the recently announced results and give them strict, critical remarks. In addition, we improve several announced results by weakening some of the given conditions.

Here, we shall introduce the new notion of C*-algebra valued bipolar b-metric spaces as a generalization of usual metric spaces, C*-algebra valued metric space, b-metric spaces. In the above-mentioned spaces, we shall define (αA−ψA) contractions and prove some fixed point theorems for these contractions. Some existing results from the literature are also proved by using our main results. As an application Ulam–Hyers stability and well-posedness of fixed point problems are also discussed. Some examples are also given to illustrate our results.

In this study, we initiate the concept of fuzzy L-R-contraction and establish some fixed point results involving a G-transitive binary relation and fuzzy L-simulation functions, by employing suitable hypotheses on a fuzzy metric space endowed with a binary relation. The presented results unify, generalize, and improve various previous findings in the literature.

Hermite–Hadamard inequalities and their refinements have been investigated for a long period of time. In this paper, we obtained refinements of the Hermite–Hadamard inequality of tensorial type for the convex functions of self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces. The obtained inequalities generalize the previously obtained inequalities by Dragomir. We also provide useful Lemmas which enabled us to obtain the results. The examples of the obtained inequalities for specific convex functions have been given in the example and consequences section. Symmetry in the upper and lower bounds can be seen in the last Theorem of the paper given, as the upper and lower bounds differ by a constant.

Fixed point results and metric fixed point theory play a vital role to find the unique solution to differential and integral equations. Likewise, fractal calculus has vast physical applications. In this article, we introduce the concept of bipolar-controlled metric space and prove fixed point theorems. The derived results expand and extend certain well-known results from the research literature and are supported with a non-trivial example. We have applied the fixed point result to find the analytical solution to the integral equation and fractional differential equation. The analytical solution has been supplemented with numerical simulation.

In this paper, we introduce the new notion of contravariant (α−ψ) Meir–Keeler contractive mappings by defining α-orbital admissible mappings and covariant Meir–Keeler contraction in bipolar metric spaces. We prove fixed point theorems for these contractions and also provide some corollaries of main results. An example is also be given in support of our main result. In the end, we also solve an integral equation using our result.

In this article, we establish fixed point results by defining the concept of F-Khan contraction of an orthogonal set by modifying the symmetry of usual contractive conditions. We also provide illustrative examples to support our results. The derived results have been applied to find analytical solutions to integral equations. The analytical solutions are verified with numerical simulation.

Abstract In this paper we consider the Green function for a boundary value problem of generic order. For a specific case, the Leray–Schauder form of the fixed point theorem has been used to prove the existence of a solution for this particular equation. Our theoretical approach generalizes, extends, complements, and enriches several results in the existing literature.

Abstract This paper consists of several fixed point theorems in the fuzzy b-metric spaces. As an important result, we give a sufficient condition for a sequence to be Cauchy in the fuzzy b-metric space. Thus we simplify the proofs of many fixed point theorems in the fuzzy b-metric spaces with the well-known contraction conditions.

In this manuscript, we generalize, improve, and enrich recent results established by Budhia et al. [L. Budhia, H. Aydi, A.H. Ansari, D. Gopal, Some new fixed point results in rectangular metric spaces with application to fractional-order functional differential equations, Nonlinear Anal. Model. Control, 25(4):580–597, 2020]. This paper aims to provide much simpler and shorter proofs of some results in rectangular metric spaces. According to one of our recent lemmas, we show that the given contractive condition yields Cauchyness of the corresponding Picard sequence. The obtained results improve well-known comparable results in the literature. Using our new approach, we prove that a Picard sequence is Cauchy in the framework of rectangular metric spaces. Our obtained results complement and enrich several methods in the existing state-ofart. Endorsing the materiality of the presented results, we also propound an application to dynamic programming associated with the multistage process.

In this writing, first, we disclose the first and second category of a ΓτF-fuzzy proximal contraction for a mapping O:U→V which is nonself and also declare a fuzzy q-property to confirm the existence of the best proximity point for nonself function O. Then, we discover a few results using the ΓτF-fuzzy proximal contraction of the first category for a continuous and discontinuous nonself function O in a non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space. Later, we discuss another result for the ΓτF-fuzzy proximal contraction of the second category as well. In between the fuzzy proximal theorems, many examples are presented in support of the definitions and theorems proved in this writing.

In this present study, we propose the concept of tricomplex-controlled metric spaces as a generalization of both controlled metric-type spaces and tricomplex metric-type spaces. In this work, we establish fixed point results using Banach, Kannan and Fisher-type contractions supported with nontrivial examples in the setting of the proposed space. We apply the derived result to find the analytical solution of an integral equation using the fixed point technique under the same metric.

In this paper, a new type of convexity is defined, namely, the left–right-(k,h-m)-p IVM (set-valued function) convexity. Utilizing the definition of this new convexity, we prove the Hadamard inequalities for noninteger Katugampola integrals. These inequalities generalize the noninteger Hadamard inequalities for a convex IVM, (p,h)-convex IVM, p-convex IVM, h-convex, s-convex in the second sense and many other related well-known classes of functions implicitly. An apt number of numerical examples are provided as supplements to the derived results.

In the present work, we have introduced a new type of (ξ,ω)-weakly cyclic generalized contraction in the setting of metric spaces and established some fixed-point results. Fixed-point results are useful in establishing the existence of unique solution to differential equations. We have supplemented the derived results with suitable non-trivial examples with an application to the Boundary Value Problem, generalizing some known results. The analytical result has been verified with numerical simulation.

Fixed-point results on covariant maps and contravariant maps in a C★-algebra-valued bipolar metric space are proved. Our results generalize and extend some recently obtained results in the existing literature. Our theoretical results in this paper are supported with suitable examples. We have also provided an application to find an analytical solution to the integral equation and the electrical circuit differential equation.

In this article, we modify the symmetry of orthogonal metric spaces and we prove common fixed point theorems via simulation functions in orthogonal Rectangular metric spaces. We also provide an illustrative example to support our results. The derived results have been applied to find analytical solutions to integral equations. The analytical solutions are verified with a numerical simulation.

In this paper, we consider and extend some fixed point results in F-complete F-metric spaces by relaxing the symmetry of complete metric spaces. We generalize α,β-admissible mappings in the setting of F-metric spaces. The derived results are supplemented with suitable examples, and the obtained results are applied to find the existence of the solution to the integral equation. The analytical results are compared through numerical simulation. We pose certain open problems for extending and applying our results in the future.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of neutrosophic rectangular triple-controlled metric space, relaxing the symmetry requirement of neutrosophic metric spaces, by replacing triangular inequalities with rectangular inequalities, and prove fixed point theorems. We have derived several interesting results for contraction mappings supplemented with non-trivial examples. The derived results have been applied to prove the existence of a unique analytical solution as well as a closed form of the unique solution to the integral equation.

In the present work, we establish fixed-point results for a pair of mappings satisfying some contractive conditions on rational expressions with coefficients as point-dependent control functions in the setting of tricomplex-valued metric spaces. The proven results are extension and generalisation of some of the literature’s well-known results. We also explore some of the applications to our key results.

In this work, various fractional convex inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type in the interval analysis setting have been established, and new inequalities have been derived thereon. Recently defined p interval-valued convexity is utilized to obtain many new fractional Hermite–Hadamard type convex inequalities. The derived results have been supplemented with suitable numerical examples. Our results generalize some recently reported results in the literature.

Abstract The notion of nonlinear (Fs,L) $(\mathcal{F}_{s}, \mathcal{L})$-contractive multivalued operators is initiated and some related fixed point results are considered. We also give an example to show the validity of obtained theoretical results. Our results generalize many existing ones in the literature.

Kurepa’s function and his hypothesis have been investigated by means of numerical simulation. Particular emphasis has been given to the conjecture on its distribution, that should be one of a random uniform distribution, which has been verified for large numbers. A convergence function for the two has been found.

In this paper, we first introduce a new family of functions like an implicit function called Γ-functions. Furthermore, we introduce a new concept of α-ΓF-fuzzy contractive mappings, which is weaker than the class of fuzzy F-contractive mappings. Then, the existence and uniqueness of the fixed point are established for a new type of fuzzy contractive mappings in the setting of fuzzy metric spaces. Moreover, some examples and an application to nonlinear fractional differential equation are given, and these show the importance of the introduced theorems in fuzzy settings.