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1,139 results on '"Stockenhuber A"'

1. Ventilation practices and preparedness of healthcare providers in term newborn resuscitation: A comprehensive survey study in Austrian hospitals

Author

Eva M. Schwindt, Reinhold Stockenhuber, and Jens Christian Schwindt

Subjects
Neonatal resuscitation, Emergency airway management, Airway skills, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Aim of the study: Although neonatal resuscitation is rare, and high-risk births usually occur in specialised centres, unexpected resuscitation measures may be necessary during births that are initially considered low-risk. This survey assessed the practices of healthcare providers in Austrian hospitals for postnatal resuscitation and evaluated their self-assessed airway management skills for newborns. Methods: An online survey was distributed to all staff members responsible for the postnatal care of newborns in hospitals with obstetrics in Austria through the heads of departments (paediatrics, obstetrics, and anaesthesiology). The results are presented in terms of hospital care level and birth volume. Results: In total, 79.5 % of all hospitals with maternity units in Austria participated in the survey. Preparedness was found to be improved with the level of care provided by the hospital. Overall, 50.4 % of the respondents did not feel adequately prepared for neonatal emergencies, and 35.0 % rated their face mask ventilation skills as insufficient. According to the survey results in 61.3 % of included hospitals or 52.5 % of births in Austria, safe endotracheal intubation cannot be provided. Conclusion: A significant proportion of healthcare workers in Austria responsible for postnatal newborn care do not feel adequately prepared for newborn emergencies.

Published
2024
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16. Understanding the Thermal and Physical Properties of Biochar Derived from Pre-washed Arabica Coffee Agroindustry Residues.

Author

Setiawan, Adi, Nurjannah, Siti, Riskina, Shafira, Fona, Zahra, Muhammad, Drewery, Matthew, Kennedy, Eric M., and Stockenhuber, Michael

Abstract

The excessive availability of coffee-cherry processing residues has garnered attention, owing to potential environmental concerns associated with ground disposal. The current investigation aims to disclose the characteristics of two main coffee agroindustry residues, i.e., coffee pulp and parchment, as well as the resulting biochar which is produced without chemicals and low energy involved. The effects of washing raw biomass on biochar’s physical–chemical properties were investigated. The pre-washed samples were prepared through the following steps: washing, soaking for 20 h, draining, rinsing, and drying under sunlight for 3 days. A slow pyrolysis process was performed at 420 °C in a pilot-scale apparatus to produce biochar. The results show that the pre-washing of feedstock reduced the ash content in coffee pulp biochar from 28.23 to 11.93%. The ash content of coffee parchment biochar decreased from 9.68 to 5.66% as a result of the washing treatment of the raw material. Furthermore, coffee pulp biochar experienced a 25.8% reduction in surface area, while 14% of the coffee parchment was lost due to washing treatment of raw feedstocks. The findings presented in this study offer new insights that are crucial for evaluating the feasibility and advancing the development of a large-scale commercial process for managing coffee agro-industry residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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31. The UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8-Mediated UV-B Response Is Required Alongside CRYPTOCHROME 1 For Plant Survival Under Sunlight In Field Conditions

Author

Stockenhuber, Reinhold, Akiyama, Reiko, Tissot, Nicolas, Milosavljevic, Stefan, Yamazaki, Misako, Wyler, Michele; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-5322, Arongaus, Adriana B, Podolec, Roman, Sato, Yasuhiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6466-723X, Widmer, Alex, Ulm, Roman, Shimizu, Kentaro K; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-1781, Stockenhuber, Reinhold, Akiyama, Reiko, Tissot, Nicolas, Milosavljevic, Stefan, Yamazaki, Misako, Wyler, Michele; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-5322, Arongaus, Adriana B, Podolec, Roman, Sato, Yasuhiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6466-723X, Widmer, Alex, Ulm, Roman, and Shimizu, Kentaro K; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-1781

Abstract

As sessile, photoautotrophic organisms, plants are subjected to fluctuating sunlight that includes potentially detrimental ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B). Experiments under controlled conditions have shown that the UV-B photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) controls acclimation and tolerance to UV-B in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, its long-term impacts on plant fitness remain poorly understood in naturally fluctuating environments. Here we quantified the survival and reproduction of different Arabidopsis mutant genotypes in diverse field and laboratory conditions. We found that uvr8 mutants produced more fruits than wild type when grown in growth chambers under artificial low UV-B conditions but not in natural field conditions, indicating a fitness cost in absence of UV-B stress. Importantly, independent double mutants of UVR8 and the blue-light photoreceptor gene CRYPTOCHROME 1 (CRY1) in two genetic backgrounds showed a drastic reduction in fitness in the field. Experiments with UV-B attenuation experiments in field and with supplemental UV-B in growth chambers demonstrated that UV-B caused the conditional cry1 uvr8 lethality phenotype. Using RNA-seq data of field-grown single and double mutants, we explicitly identified genes showing statistical interaction of UVR8 and CRY1 mutations in the presence of UV-B in the field. They were enriched in Gene Ontology categories related to oxidative stress, photoprotection, and DNA damage repair in addition to UV-B response. Our study demonstrates the functional importance of the UVR8-mediated response across life stages in natura, which is partially redundant with that of cry1. Moreover, these data provide an integral picture of gene expression associated with plant responses under field conditions.

Published
2024

34. Traditionelle chinesische Medizin

Author

Meng, Alexander, Bijak, Michaela, Stockenhuber, Daniela, Stockert, Karin, Frass, Michael, editor, Krenner, Lothar, editor, and Dembowsky, Karin, With Contrib. by

Published
2019
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35. The role of adenosine A2A receptor signalling in cardiac fibrosis

Author

Stockenhuber, Alexander, Ashrafian, Houman, and Watkins, Hugh

Subjects
616.1
Abstract

Myocardial fibrosis contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse forms of cardiac hypertrophy. Recent evidence suggests a crucial role for purinergic signalling in the formation of tissue fibrosis. In particular, inhibition of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) in animal models for hepatic and skin fibrosis resulted in a reduction of fibrosis formation. The specific hypothesis of this investigation was that myocardial stress results in increased interstitial levels of adenosine, which activate cardiac fibroblasts via adenosine A2AR. Accordingly, the specific objective of this investigation was to delineate the role of adenosine A2AR signalling in the development of myocardial fibrosis. In vitro, isolated cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated a significant increase in collagen secretion into CCM upon specific A2AR stimulation. This stimulatory effect was inhibited by the addition of a specific A2AR inhibitor. In vivo, models for cardiac hypertrophy including the transgenic cardiac actin E99K hypertrophic cardiomyopathy model, and a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model of pressure overload, were investigated as murine models for myocardial fibrosis (MF). In cardiac actin E99K hearts the occurrence of cardiac fibrosis was associated with ventricular dysfunction, as well as energetic perturbations. In addition, a direct linear correlation between myocardial collagen content and interstitial adenosine levels was found in actin E99K hearts upon microdialysis experiments. Crossbreeding of actin E99K and A2AR knock-out (KO) mice resulted in a significant reduction of myocardial collagen content and fibrosis in E99K heterozygous A2AR KO animals compared to E99K heterozygous A2AR wild-type (WT) animals. Further, adenosine A2AR KO mice undergoing transverse aortic constriction demonstrated significantly less fibrosis formation compared to constricted WT mice. This was associated with a significant rescue of cardiac function. In addition, pharmacologic adenosine A2AR inhibition using the antagonist ZM241385 demonstrated a partial rescue of myocardial fibrosis in both TAC and E99K animals. These data suggest that adenosine the A2AR plays a crucial role in the formation of myocardial fibrosis in a variety of cardiac pathologies and that this pathway is susceptible to pharmacologic modulation. A2AR manipulation may contribute to further understanding of pathophysiological pathways in the development and progression of cardiac disease and represents an excellent therapeutic target for clinically available A2AR antagonists.

Published
2015

42. X-ray Chemical Imaging of Mn-doped Co/TiO2 Pellets reveals the significance of Cobalt Carbide Formation and Distribution on CO conversion and Alcohol Selectivity during Fischer Tropsch Synthesis

Author

Beale, Andrew, primary, Farooq, Danial, additional, Potter, Matthew, additional, Stockenhuber, Sebastian, additional, Pritchard, Jay, additional, Vamvakeros, Antonis, additional, Price, Stephen, additional, Drnec, Jakub, additional, Ruchte, Ben, additional, Paterson, James, additional, and Peacock, Mark, additional

Published
2024
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45. Effect of Solid Ratio and Particle Size on Dissolution of Heat-Activated Lizardite at Elevated Pressures and Moderate Temperatures.

Author

Abu Fara, Ammar, Rayson, Mark R., Brent, Geoff F., Oliver, Timothy K., Stockenhuber, Michael, and Kennedy, Eric M.

Subjects
DIFFUSION barriers, SILICA, SODIUM bicarbonate, CARBONATION (Chemistry), MINERAL processing
Abstract

This study investigates the effect of the particle size and solid-to-liquid ratio on the dissolution rate of magnesium (Mg) and silicon (Si) in heat-activated lizardite. The investigation was conducted under specific conditions: without the presence of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), at a moderate temperature (40 °C), and under elevated CO2 pressure (100 bar). The aim was to isolate the dissolution reactions and enhance comprehension of the factors constraining the overall yields in the Albany Research Center (ARC) mineral carbonation process. Our study disclosed two distinct dissolution regimes: an initial stage with a rapid initial rate of Mg extraction, resulting in the fraction of Mg extracted ranging from 30 to 65% during the first 20 min of the experiment, following which the dissolution rate decreases dramatically. The initial rapid dissolution stage is primarily driven by the low pH of the supernatant solution, resulting from CO2 dissolution, leading to a higher concentration of protons that extract Mg2+ cations. However, as the heat-activated lizardite dissolution progresses, the pH increases due to the high level of leached Mg2+, and a diffusion barrier forms due to the precipitation of amorphous silica. This phenomenon ultimately slows down the mineral's dissolution rate during the latter stages of particle dissolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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