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Copyright of International Journal of Education Technology & Scientific Researches is the property of Ayse Burcu Ulusoy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper uses digital approaches to investigate Priene's (Turkey) archaeological area. The city was built ex novo, after a catastrophic earthquake around 350 BC, on a new site facing the Mediterranean Sea. The city suffered a slow decline following centuries of development and was abandoned after the 12th century. The remains of Priene were discovered in the 17th century, and different excavations and studies have been conducted in the last few centuries. The city's remains have been studied from various archaeological and historical points of view. It is documented that the city suffered different earthquakes during its existence, as demonstrated by the partial restorations and damage patterns visible within the remains. This contribution offers a methodological and interdisciplinary approach for studying and enhancing archaeological heritage. This paper presents the preliminary results of the first comprehensive digital acquisition of the Aegean city of Priene. The digitization approaches here described focused on digital acquisition and 3D modeling restitution in the form of virtual reconstructions of two monumental buildings: the Doric Stoa near the Temple of Athena Polias and the Theater. The procedure was complementary to the analysis and comprehension of previous numerous studies carried out by British and German institutions, where digital acquisition and restitution techniques have led to the validation of previously obtained results. For the first time, digital models have been used as tools for accessing heterogeneous knowledge, and they have been incorporated into the discourse of archeological studies. Indeed, the interdisciplinary team went beyond archaeological data to attempt to digitally reconstruct monumental complexes and conduct preliminary structural evaluations scientifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thomas Hobbes is considered one of the founders of modern political thought. He claims that the most fundamental aim and endeavor of human beings is to survive and builds his political philosophy on this claim. Hobbes explains the essence of the social existence of human beings, who strive to survive with a primary instinct, with mutual distrust and fear. Hobbes' views, which have been debated for centuries, have often been compared to the philosophers such as Rene Descartes and John Locke. However, the profound influence of Hellenistic philosophy in general and Stoic philosophy in particular on Hobbes has often been neglected. Especially in the Turkish literature, there is almost no detached work on the Stoic foundations of Hobbes' political philosophy. This article is written to reveal the influence of Stoic philosophy on Hobbes. Throughout the article, it is attempted to show that Hobbes draws on Stoic doctrines, especially the doctrine of Oikeiosis, in many aspects while constructing his political philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveThe preoperative experience in pediatric surgery can cause significant anxiety for both, children and their parents. To date there is no questionnaire available that assesses the child's self-report or both, the child's and parent's self-reported anxiety. The aim of this study was to perform a psychometric analysis of the State-Trait Operation Anxiety (STOA) which provides this option.MethodsThe data based on a randomized controlled study conducted with n = 90 child-parent dyads. The psychometric analyses were performed using classical test theory, including item statistics, Cronbach's α, factor analysis, and test-retest reliability.ResultsThe statistics of the anxiety items were good overall for both ratings following common guidelines. The item means indicated that the items tended to be rather difficult which reduces the reliability for lower anxiety levels. The given scale structure was confirmed overall for both informants. However, a one-factor structure instead of two factors was found for state anxiety. The internal consistencies and retest reliabilities were good to very good. Follow-up analyses confirmed the sensitivity to change for state anxiety. Child anxiety was hardly correlated with parental anxiety, and age and gender effects were rather small.ConclusionsThe STOA questionnaire is the first psychometrically tested questionnaire specifically for fears of surgery that can be used for self-report among children, adolescents, and their parents. Future studies should collect further evidence of its validity as well as comparative scores for specific patient groups and norm values to increase the utility of the instrument.

V rimski pravni literaturi se na številnih mestih, kjer bi pričakovali definicije, nahajajo etimologije. Te je v dela rimskih klasičnih pravnikov vnesla stoiška filozofija, ki je sledila helenističnemu učenju o naravni zvezi med realijami in njihovimi poimenovanji. Antične etimologije so zasledovale druge namene kot moderna znanstvena etimologija, saj so bile predvsem orodje za umevanje sodobnosti. V pravniških spisih so etimologije nastopale v didaktični, historizirajoči, pravnopolitični, legitimizirajoči in dogmatični funkciji. Avtor obravnava etimološki argument v kontekstu slogovnih značilnosti rimskega pravnega jezika, ki je bil izpostavljen vplivom govorništva. Po prikazu virov pravnoetimološkega gradiva in primerov najtehtnejših pravniških etimologij se avtor opredeli do vprašanja, ali je etimologija vplivala na pravno dogmatiko. Izkaže se, da so bile etimologije le eno od številnih skupnih mest (topoi) pravnoargumentacijske zakladnice, katerih izključen vpliv na dogmatiko je mogoče zagovarjati le v zelo omejenem obsegu. Na pravne etimologije ni mogoče gledati kot na trivialnosti, ki bi šibile kvaliteto prizemljene rimske jurisprudence. Kot verodostojne priče prvobitnih pravnih prepričanj ter kot odsev pravniškega jezikovnega habitusa so bile spričo didaktične in mnemotehnične vrednosti v evropski pravni znanosti navzoče vse do 18. stoletja.

Copyright of Mevzu is the property of Ali Sever and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Keria is the property of Keria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stoacılık, felsefe tarihinde metafizik ve etik alanında oldukça etkili olmuş bir düşünce okuludur. Metafizik görüşleri açısından şunlar söylenebilir: Tüm evren, etkin ve edilgen olarak iki ayrı ilkeden oluşmuştur. Edilgen olan ilke madde; etkin olan ilke ise evrende içkin Tanrı’dır. Fakat her iki ilke arasında mutlak bir ayrım olduğu söylenemez. Çünkü Tanrı, aslında evrenle bütünleşik, onu kaplayan bir organizma olarak tasavvur edilmiştir. Kendinde iyi olarak Tanrı, evreni de iyiliğe ve amaçlılığa göre mevcuda getirmiştir. O nedenle evrenin tüm unsurları, tüm mevcudat birbirlerine tanrısal olarak bağlanmışlardır. Dolayısıyla Stoa ekolü, tüm evreni kaplayan tanrısal bir gücün, bir tanrısal aklın varlığını savunmuşlardır. Etik görüşleri ise yine bu çerçevede değerlendirilmelidir. Doğaya uygun yaşama prensibi, Tanrı’yla hemâhenk ve muvafık olma amacına göre düzenlenmiştir. Çünkü evrendeki teleolojik sistem içerisinde insan da bu amaçlılığı taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle insan, kendisini, ayrılamayacağı bütünün bir parçası olarak görüp, davranışlarını buna göre tanzim etmelidir. Bu noktada doğaya uygun yaşama prensibi, olayları tanrısal öngörünün bir tür gerçekleşmesi, tecellisi olarak görmek demektir. Bu yüzden, insan dünyanın gidişatına direnemeyeceği için ona rıza göstermeli ve her şeyi metanetle karşılamalıdır. Olup bitenleri, kendisine faydalı olacak ve ondan ders alacak şekilde yorumlamalıdır. Evreni yöneten tanrısal akıl veya providentia, başımıza gelen olaylar ne kadar elem verici olsa da bizi erdeme ve yetkinliğe ulaştıracaktır. Çünkü söz konusu öngörü, bu münferit olayların arkasında bizlerden gizli bir amaçlılığı yürütmektedir. Bu tanrısal aklın amacını bilemeyeceğimiz için insana düşen bunlardan kendisine ders çıkarmaktır. Hegel’deki List der Vernunft yani aklın hilesi kavramı da benzer bir noktaya temas etmektedir. Özellikle düşünürün “Tarih Felsefesi”nde yer verdiği bu kavram, Stoacı tanrısal akıl, providentia sözcüğü ile örtüşmektedir. Hegel’in evrensel tarihi, bireysel ilgilerden ve tutkulardan bağımsız olarak işlemektedir. Bu işleyiş, tinin özgürleşip tekrardan kendi kendine dönmesine varacak bir yolculuğu tazammun etmektedir. Bununla birlikte düşünür, dünya tarihinin tanrısal aklın kendi kendini açışından ibaret olduğunu söylemektedir. Bu açılış ve serimleniş, tarihi evrelerden geçerek yeniden tanrısal birliğe geri dönecektir. Tarihi karakterlerin zafer tutkusu ve bireysel hırsları tarih sahnesinde çatışmaya konu olmaktadır. Ancak evrensel tarih idesi ve tanrısal akıl bundan zarar görmeksizin kendisini arka planda mahfuz, korunaklı tutmaktadır. Dolayısıyla tikel ve bireysel olan, evrensel ve genel olan için gözden çıkarılmakta ve feda edilmektedir. Bu noktada yine Hegel’in kullandığı tanrısal öngörü kavramı, yani die Vorsehung tarih içerisindeki tüm olayları teleolojik olarak yani amaçlılık ilkesine mebni şekilde idare etmektedir. Stoa felsefesindeki providentia ile Hegel’in aklın hilesi kavramları, tanrısal öngörü bağlamında dünyayı daha iyiye, daha güzele, daha özgür olmaya taşıma planı, niyeti açısından benzerlik göstermektedir. Biz bu çalışmada Stoacı providentia kavramının ışığında Hegel’in aklın hilesi kavramını soruşturmaya çalıştık. Özellikle tarih felsefesiyle sınırlandırdığımız bu soruşturmada, tarih sahnesine konu olmuş savaşların, felaketlerin ve yıkımların, Hegel düşüncesine göre nasıl meşrulaştırılabileceğine işaret etmek istedik. Eleştiri olarak ise Hegel’in kendi yaşadığı dönemde Saint Domingue’deki plantasyon kölelerinin özgürlük çabalarını görmeyişine hatta görmezden gelişine temas ettik. Halbuki evrensel tarihin ve tanrısal aklın yolculuğunda bu özgürlük hareketi, tam da Hegel’in tarih felsefesi uyarınca ona bir temellendirme, bir istidlal sunabilirdi. Aynı zamanda bu eleştiri ile birlikte tarihteki mevcut acı ve yıkım getiren hadiselerin fidyesinin nereden ödeneceği sorusuna dair yine Hegel’in tanrısal öngörü kavramıyla bağını kurmaya çalıştık.

The exponential growth in the smart cities and the massive deployment of wireless sensor network‐based Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted in generating the humongous data, which needs to be orchestrated. Further, it is observed that the resource‐constrained IoT devices act as stumbling block in the successful realization of cognitive smart cities. Hence, there is a high need to manage the data transmission from massive IoT devices and also to enhance the productivity of such devices. To address this issue, in this article, we present energy‐efficient routing paradigm for resource‐constrained IoT‐based cognitive smart city (EI‐CSC). We adapt Sooty tern optimization algorithm (STOA) due to its faster convergence and high 'exploration and exploitation' capabilities to perform energy efficient cluster‐based routing. We focus primarily on rendering the optimized solution to the cluster head selection problem through STOA. The outcomes of simulation analysis of EI‐CSC promises enhanced performance in the context of stability period and network lifetime by 83.4% and 107.7%, 'respectively' as compared to recently proposed 'genetic algorithm and PSO based hybrid clustering algorithm'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aram Gershuni is an Israeli artist specialising in realistic and hyper-realistic painting, whose work differs radically from the mainstream of Israeli art and can most distinctly be characterised as 'mimesis', a term that is generally associated with traditional western art. Though Gershuni's still life images may seem at first sight trivial and banal, it is their very banality and mimetic appearance that are significant, reflecting profound and disputed issues in Israeli culture. This article explores Gershuni's still life paintings and offers several perspectives for their interpretation. The analysis is based on textual sources, mostly Classical, that reflect Gershuni's approach and affinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Vita Apollonii leaves much open to interpretation. In 4.45 Philostratus tells us about a young woman who was thought dead by her family and the whole of Rome. Apollonius whispers something in her ear and the maiden starts talking again. The narrator comments it was impossible for the bystanders and still is impossible for him to say whether the girl was really dead or not: whether it was a case of Scheintod which proved Apollonius's extraordinary powers of observation or whether it was a resurrection-miracle which would signal a special ontological status for 'the man' from Tyana. In his suspension of judgment, Philostratus uses the words arrhêtos hê katalêpsis combining a technical term from Stoic epistemology (katalêpsis) with a concept related to the Mysteries (arrhêtos). We discuss the Philostratean interpretative strategies, link them to the Pythagorean tradition of selective communication, and read the reference in this chapter to the story of Alcestis to the epistemological debates between Stoics and Skeptics about the limits of human wisdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the architectural manifestations for ritual and public dining spaces in the ancient Greek world as defined by architectural characteristics or other material remains. Hestiatoria have traditionally been defined as "dining spaces" on the basis of loose architectural distinctions, such as rooms set aside in sanctuaries, sometimes with off-center doorways, indications of klinai or other small finds that suggest dining. Rooms in stoas sometimes served for dining purposes, as is well attested, but the form of the complexes differs substantially. Can there be a more precise typology made of these buildings and the indicators which might suggest different practices? Are there specific differences architecturally between ritual dining and public dining? These and other considerations are addressed in conjunction with literary testimonia for dining practices in an attempt to bring into focus the varied architectural record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution aims to explain the controversy about glossolalia between the members of the Corinthian church and Paul. Corinthian glossolalia will be placed in the context of ancient texts on voice and language from medicine, philosophy, grammar, rhetoric and music and – taking up Bleek's thesis – connected with expressions called "glosses". The glossolalia is thus placed in the realm of the use of language in poetry. Paul uses arguments from philosophical polemics against poetry and places language exclusively in the realms of justice and truth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hitit Theology Journal / Hitit İlahiyat Dergisi is the property of Hitit University Faculty of Divinity Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (FLSF) is the property of Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (FLSF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When a hot-mix asphalt (HMA) ages, its mechanical properties, resistance, and durability change. Several studies have been conducted throughout the world to evaluate the effects of aging in HMAs. However, few studies have analyzed the influence of gradation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gradation on the mechanical properties of aged HMA mixes. For such purposes, three HMA mixes with different gradations were manufactured (named HMA-10, HMA-19, and HMA-25), which were conditioned in STOA (short-term oven aging) and LTOA (long-term oven aging) by following the guidelines established by the AASHTO R30 specification. Marshall, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), resilient modulus, permanent deformation, fatigue (under controlled-stress condition), and Cantabro tests were performed. These tests were carried out to evaluate resistance under monotonic and cyclic load as well as the resistance to moisture damage and abrasion. The best performing mix in the test was HMA-19. There is no clear trend about the influence of gradation over the susceptibility of mixes for aging. This susceptibility changes depending on the test performed and the property measured. Furthermore, in resilient modulus tests, it is observed that the influence of gradation on aging susceptibility changes depending on the test temperature.

This paper aims to examine the meaning, role, inspirations, and place of corporealism in Tertullian’s system of thought. The extent to which corporealism is a basic philosophical belief in Tertullian’s work and to what extent it is a particular element of his theological doctrine is questioned. It presents the named ontological position as a rare specificity within the range of early Christian thought, especially in Tertullian’s works De anima and De carne Cristi. This paper makes a clear distinction between corporealism and materialism, as it tries to determine the degree of influence of Stoic philosophy, especially ontology, on Tertullian, as well as the influence of Aristotle in selected areas. In this context, his traducianism is also examined. In the ontological context, the status of the soul and God in Tertullian thought is also presented. In connection with the metaphysical problem of creation, the article also touches on the question of creatio ex nihilo as a problem on which Tertullian had to take a stand. It investigates the role of corporealism in Tertullian’s polemic against Marcion, Apelles, and the Valentinian Gnosis by mapping which elements in the teachings of these representatives and Gnosis, especially (but not exclusively) Valentinian, could provoke Tertullian to controversy. This paper holds the opinion that Tertullian’s corporealism was due to his theological views and controversy with opponents, which were used as philosophical inspiration, especially stoic inspiration, but was used mainly in the service of his theological thinking and strategic needs for argumentation.

West of the ancient city of Knidos, situated on the southern end of the third terrace are the remains of a stoa built in the Doric order which is referred to as the “Corinthian Temple Terrace”. The stoa is built along an east-west axis facing towards the Great Harbor. The stoa has a single story with an I-shaped plan and is two-aisled. Many architectural blocks are preserved and cuttings in the bed rock are visible in the field. The stoa is part of a larger building complex probably built by the famous architect Sostratos of Knidos referred to as the “pensilis ambulatio (hanging promenade)” by Pliny (nat. XXXVI, 83), which are generally accepted to be dated to the first half of the 3rd century BC. In previous studies, however, researchers have not taken the style of the architectural blocks into consideration. In this study, architectural blocks of the Doric stoa are studied in detail, and their style characteristics are identified and compared with Doric buildings in the region and in Anatolia. The Doric capitals, the arrangement of the triglyph-metope blocks, and the shape of the triglyph ears closely resemble other buildings established under the sponsorship of Ptolemies. In addition, the Ionic fluted column drums, the execution of the taenia, regulae, and guttae on the architrave blocks, the configuration of the mutulus-guttae in the geison blocks, and the style of cyma reversa type beak profile used as a geison crown are compatible with the architecture of the 3rd century BC. Based on these data we conclude that the stylistic features of Doric Stoa’s architectural elements support the traditional dating in the first half of the 3rd century, and therefore could be associated with Sostratos. The remains of the stoa are insufficient to connect this building with Sostratos’ “pensilis ambulatio” as mentioned in Pliny. It seems that Sostratos of Knidos was active from at least 323 to the 270s and spent all this time in Ptolemaic service. The data obtained from the inscriptions and the stylistic feature of the architectural blocks indicate that the building may have been built between 290-270 BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main sources for the discussion of the category “relation” were Aristotle’s Categories and Metaphysics. Before their translation into Arabic in the 8th and 9th centuries, Christian theologians and in their footsteps Syriac scholars considered Aristotle’s works to be a useful tool in Christological discussions. This article analyzes the category of relation and its development in Arabic-Islamic philosophy in authors such as Kindī and his student Aḥmad Ibn aṭ-Ṭayyib as-Saraḫsī, Fārābī, Ibn Sīnā, Ghazālī, Ibn Rušd, the Sufi Ibn ʿArabī and others.

This review offers an integration of dark leadership styles with dark personality traits. The core of dark leadership consists of Three Nightmare Traits (TNT)—leader dishonesty, leader disagreeableness, and leader carelessness—that are conceptualized as contextualized personality traits aligned with respectively (low) honesty-humility, (low) agreeableness, and (low) conscientiousness. It is argued that the TNT, when combined with high extraversion and low emotionality, can have serious (“explosive”) negative consequences for employees and their organizations. A Situation-Trait-Outcome Activation (STOA) model is presented in which a description is offered of situations that are attractive to TNT leaders (situation activation), situations that activate TNT traits (trait activation), and the kinds of outcomes that may result from TNT behaviors (outcome activation). Subsequently, the TNT and STOA models are combined to offer a description of the organizational actions that may strengthen or weaken the TNT during six career stages: attraction, selection, socialization, production, promotion, and attrition. Except for mainly negative consequences of the TNT, possible positive consequences of TNT leadership are also explored, and an outline of a research program is offered that may provide answers to the most pressing questions in dark leadership research.

Copyright of Thiasos Monografie is the property of Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Thiasos Monografie is the property of Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Thiasos Monografie is the property of Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The archaeological excavation, organized by the University of Milan in 2008 in the site of Aeolian Kyme (Aliaga) in Turkey, revealed itself as an important starting point for the studies about the city planning impact of the big theatre (Area V) and about its possible connections with the surrounding quarter. The excavations, still in progress, on the west side of the stage, have drawn attention on a foundation’s assise, with an annexed paving, that would be probably attributed to a stoà.

Copyright of Ágora: Estudos Clássicos em Debate is the property of Agora: Estudos Classicos em Debate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Arquitectura Lusíada is the property of Fundacao Minerva-Cultura-Ensino e Investigacao Cientifica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)