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1. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

Author: Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, L., Palli, J., Vignola, C., Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist, F. C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R., Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz, M., Lindbladh, M., López-Sáez, J. A., Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A. M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A. M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M. L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorny, P., Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori, L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., and Masi, A.
Published: 2022
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2. Investigating the impact of anthropogenic land use on a hemiboreal lake ecosystem using carbon/nitrogen ratios and coupled-optical emission spectroscopy

Author: Stivrins, N., Liiv, M., Brown, A., Banerjea, R.Y., Heinsalu, A., and Veski, S.
Published: 2019
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3. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model : A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author: Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, Marie-José, Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, Esther, Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, Anna-Kari, Poska, A., Sugita, S., Woodbridge, J., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Scott Anderson, R., Andric, M., Balakauskas, L., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Curras, A., Czerwinski, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Doerfler, W., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Franco-Mugica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garces-Pastor, S., Garcia-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, G., Gonzalez-Samperiz, P., Grant, M. J., Grindean, R., Haas, J. N., Hannon, G., Heather, A. -J, Heikkilae, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jimenez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Kabailiene, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpinska-Kolaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kolaczek, P., Lageras, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., Lopez-Saez, J. -A, Lowe, John, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Lukanina, E., Macijauskaite, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Marquer, L., Martinez-Cortizas, A., Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernandez, J. M., Mighall, T., Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Sobrino, C. Munoz, Odgaard, B., Ozola, I., Perez-Diaz, S., Perez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Roman, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Roesch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sanchez, Savukyniene, N., Schroeder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppae, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, Marie-José, Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, Esther, Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, Anna-Kari, Poska, A., Sugita, S., Woodbridge, J., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Scott Anderson, R., Andric, M., Balakauskas, L., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Curras, A., Czerwinski, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Doerfler, W., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Franco-Mugica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garces-Pastor, S., Garcia-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, G., Gonzalez-Samperiz, P., Grant, M. J., Grindean, R., Haas, J. N., Hannon, G., Heather, A. -J, Heikkilae, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jimenez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Kabailiene, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpinska-Kolaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kolaczek, P., Lageras, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., Lopez-Saez, J. -A, Lowe, John, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Lukanina, E., Macijauskaite, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Marquer, L., Martinez-Cortizas, A., Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernandez, J. M., Mighall, T., Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Sobrino, C. Munoz, Odgaard, B., Ozola, I., Perez-Diaz, S., Perez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Roman, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Roesch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sanchez, Savukyniene, N., Schroeder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppae, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., and Zernitskaya, V. P.
Abstract: Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1 degrees x 1 degrees) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the 'Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites' (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.
Published: 2023
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4. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author: European Commission, Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, M. J., Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, E., Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, A. K., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Grindean, R., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Currás, Andrés, Czerwiński, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Dörfler, W., Haas, J. N., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Hannon, G., Franco-Múgica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garcés-Pastor, S., García-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, González-Sampériz, Penélope, Grant, M. J., Heather, A. J., Heikkilä, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jiménez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Sobrino, C. Muñoz, Kabailienė, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kołaczek, P., Lagerås, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Odgaard, B., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lowe, John, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Lukanina, E., Macijauskaitė, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Ozola, I., Marquer, L., Martínez Cortizas, Antonio, Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernández, J. M., Mighall, Tim, Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Pérez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Román, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sánchez, Savukynienė, N., Schröder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppä, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Sugita, S., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Woodbridge, J., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Anderson, R. Scott, Andrič, M., Balakauskas, L., European Commission, Serge, M. A., Mazier, F., Fyfe, R., Gaillard, M. J., Klein, T., Lagnoux, A., Galop, D., Githumbi, E., Mindrescu, M., Nielsen, A. B., Trondman, A. K., Barnekow, L., Batalova, V., Bergman, J., Birks, H. John B., Björkman, L., Bjune, A. E., Borisova, O., Broothaerts, N., Carrion, J., Caseldine, C., Grindean, R., Christiansen, J., Cui, Q., Currás, Andrés, Czerwiński, S., David, R., Davies, A. L., De Jong, R., Di Rita, F., Dietre, B., Dörfler, W., Haas, J. N., Doyen, E., Edwards, K. J., Ejarque, A., Endtmann, E., Etienne, D., Faure, E., Feeser, I., Feurdean, A., Fischer, E., Fletcher, W., Hannon, G., Franco-Múgica, F., Fredh, E. D., Froyd, C., Garcés-Pastor, S., García-Moreiras, I., Gauthier, E., Gil-Romera, Graciela, González-Sampériz, Penélope, Grant, M. J., Heather, A. J., Heikkilä, M., Hjelle, K., Jahns, S., Jasiunas, N., Jiménez-Moreno, G., Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., Sobrino, C. Muñoz, Kabailienė, M., Kamerling, I. M., Kangur, M., Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., Kasianova, A., Kołaczek, P., Lagerås, P., Latalowa, M., Lechterbeck, J., Leroyer, C., Odgaard, B., Leydet, M., Lindbladh, M., Lisitsyna, O., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lowe, John, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Lukanina, E., Macijauskaitė, L., Magri, D., Marguerie, D., Ozola, I., Marquer, L., Martínez Cortizas, Antonio, Mehl, I., Mesa-Fernández, J. M., Mighall, Tim, Miola, A., Miras, Y., Morales-Molino, C., Mrotzek, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Pérez-Obiol, R. P., Poggi, C., Rego, P. Ramil, Ramos-Román, M. J., Rasmussen, P., Reille, M., Poska, A., Rösch, M., Ruffaldi, P., Goni, M. Sánchez, Savukynienė, N., Schröder, T., Schult, M., Segerström, U., Seppä, H., Vives, G. Servera, Shumilovskikh, L., Sugita, S., Smettan, H. W., Stancikaite, M., Stevenson, A. C., Stivrins, N., Tantau, I., Theuerkauf, M., Tonkov, S., van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, J. F. N., Vecmane, E., Woodbridge, J., Verstraeten, G., Veski, S., Voigt, R., Von Stedingk, H., Waller, M. P., Wiethold, J., Willis, K. J., Wolters, S., Zernitskaya, V. P., Abel-Schaad, D., Åkesson, C., Alenius, T., Ammann, B., Andersen, S. T., Anderson, R. Scott, Andrič, M., and Balakauskas, L.
Abstract: Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1° × 1°) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the ‘Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites’ (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.
Published: 2023

5. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author: Serge, M., primary, Mazier, F., additional, Fyfe, R., additional, Gaillard, M.-J., additional, Klein, T., additional, Lagnoux, A., additional, Galop, D., additional, Githumbi, E., additional, Mindrescu, M., additional, Nielsen, A., additional, Trondman, A.-K., additional, Poska, A., additional, Sugita, S., additional, Woodbridge, J., additional, Abel-Schaad, D., additional, Åkesson, C., additional, Alenius, T., additional, Ammann, B., additional, Andersen, S., additional, Anderson, R., additional, Andrič, M., additional, Balakauskas, L., additional, Barnekow, L., additional, Batalova, V., additional, Bergman, J., additional, Birks, H., additional, Björkman, L., additional, Bjune, A., additional, Borisova, O., additional, Broothaerts, N., additional, Carrion, J., additional, Caseldine, C., additional, Christiansen, J., additional, Cui, Q., additional, Currás, A., additional, Czerwiński, S., additional, David, R., additional, Davies, A., additional, De Jong, R., additional, Di Rita, F., additional, Dietre, B., additional, Dörfler, W., additional, Doyen, E., additional, Edwards, K., additional, Ejarque, A., additional, Endtmann, E., additional, Etienne, D., additional, Faure, E., additional, Feeser, I., additional, Feurdean, A., additional, Fischer, E., additional, Fletcher, W., additional, Franco-Múgica, F., additional, Fredh, E., additional, Froyd, C., additional, Garcés-Pastor, S., additional, García-Moreiras, I., additional, Gauthier, E., additional, Gil-Romera, G., additional, González-Sampériz, P., additional, Grant, M., additional, Grindean, R., additional, Haas, J., additional, Hannon, G., additional, Heather, A.-J., additional, Heikkilä, M., additional, Hjelle, K., additional, Jahns, S., additional, Jasiunas, N., additional, Jiménez-Moreno, G., additional, Jouffroy-Bapicot, I., additional, Kabailienė, M., additional, Kamerling, I., additional, Kangur, M., additional, Karpińska-Kołaczek, M., additional, Kasianova, A., additional, Kołaczek, P., additional, Lagerås, P., additional, Latalowa, M., additional, Lechterbeck, J., additional, Leroyer, C., additional, Leydet, M., additional, Lindbladh, M., additional, Lisitsyna, O., additional, López-Sáez, J.-A., additional, Lowe, John, additional, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., additional, Lukanina, E., additional, Macijauskaitė, L., additional, Magri, D., additional, Marguerie, D., additional, Marquer, L., additional, Martinez-Cortizas, A., additional, Mehl, I., additional, Mesa-Fernández, J., additional, Mighall, T., additional, Miola, A., additional, Miras, Y., additional, Morales-Molino, C., additional, Mrotzek, A., additional, Sobrino, C., additional, Odgaard, B., additional, Ozola, I., additional, Pérez-Díaz, S., additional, Pérez-Obiol, R., additional, Poggi, C., additional, Rego, P., additional, Ramos-Román, M., additional, Rasmussen, P., additional, Reille, M., additional, Rösch, M., additional, Ruffaldi, P., additional, Goni, M., additional, Savukynienė, N., additional, Schröder, T., additional, Schult, M., additional, Segerström, U., additional, Seppä, H., additional, Vives, G., additional, Shumilovskikh, L., additional, Smettan, H., additional, Stancikaite, M., additional, Stevenson, A., additional, Stivrins, N., additional, Tantau, I., additional, Theuerkauf, M., additional, Tonkov, S., additional, van der Knaap, W., additional, van Leeuwen, J., additional, Vecmane, E., additional, Verstraeten, G., additional, Veski, S., additional, Voigt, R., additional, Von Stedingk, H., additional, Waller, M., additional, Wiethold, J., additional, Willis, K., additional, Wolters, S., additional, and Zernitskaya, V., additional
Published: 2023
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6. Phytoplankton response to the environmental and climatic variability in a temperate lake over the last 14,500 years in eastern Latvia

Author: Stivrins, N., Kołaczek, P., Reitalu, T., Seppä, H., and Veski, S.
Published: 2015
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7. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

Author: Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, Lucrezia, Palli, J., Vignola, Cristiano, Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist , F.C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R, Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz. M., Lindbladh, M., López Sáez, José Antonio, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A.M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A.M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M.L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, Sebastián, Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorný, Petr, Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori , L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., Masi, A., Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, Lucrezia, Palli, J., Vignola, Cristiano, Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist , F.C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R, Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz. M., Lindbladh, M., López Sáez, José Antonio, Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes, Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A.M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A.M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M.L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, Sebastián, Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorný, Petr, Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori , L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., and Masi, A.
Abstract: The Black Death (1347–1352 CE) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics.
Published: 2022

8. Big Data Palaeoecology reveals significant variation in Black Death mortality in Europe [Preprint]

Author: Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, L., Palli, J., Vignola, C., Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist, F. C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R., Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., 1, Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz, M., Lindbladh, M., López-Sáez, J. A., Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A. M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A. M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M. L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorny, P., Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori, L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., Masi, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bialystok, Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Universität Leipzig, ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala], Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA, Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Institute of Botany [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury], Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, University of Latvia (LU), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń], MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratory of Forest Botany-Geobotany, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, University of Cologne, Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland], University of Gdańsk (UG), Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Centre for Theoretical Studies, Charles University, Czechia (CTS), Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence, CA, USA, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, European Project: 263735,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091209,TEC(2010), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745, Jena, Germany, Faculty of History and International Relations, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland, Department of Earth Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Leipzig, Germany, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany, Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Salisbury, UK, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Institute of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republi, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Department of Quaternary Research, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeobotany, Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland., Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia., Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, University of Tartu, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], IFP Energies Nouvelles, Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Rueil-Malmaison, Rueil-Malmaison, Past Landscape Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., 3 Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland., Institute of History, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland, Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (Dafne), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy., Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland., Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISEM, UMR 5554, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Anthropocene Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, CNRS, HNHP UMR 7194, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Paris, France, Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland., Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland, Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Centre for Theoretical Study, Charles University and Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic., Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Department of Pre- and Early History and West Asian Archaeology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], López Sáez, José Antonio, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: Land-use changes, Ecology, black death pandemic, Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP], palaeoecological data, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, paleoecology, palynology, big data, paleoecology, Europe, big data, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, palynology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The authors acknowledge the following funding sources: Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group (A.I., A.M. and C.V.); Estonian Research Council #PRG323, PUT1173 (A.Pos., T.R., N.S. and S.V.); European Research Council #FP7 263735 (A.Bro. and A.Plu.), #MSC 655659 (A.E.); Georgetown Environmental Initiative (T.N.); Latvian Council of Science #LZP-2020/2-0060 (N.S. and N.J.); LLNL-JRNL-820941 (I.T.); NSF award #GSS-1228126 (S.M.); Polish-Swiss Research Programme #013/2010 CLIMPEAT (M.Lam.), #086/2010 CLIMPOL (A.W.); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education #N N306 275635 (M.K.); Polish National Science Centre #2019/03/X/ST10/00849 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/01656 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/03430 (M.So.), #2018/31/B/ST10/02498 (M.So.), #N N304 319636 (A.W.); SCIEX #12.286 (K.Mar.); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness #REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (J.A.L.S.); Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports #FPU16/00676 (R.L.L.); Swedish Research Council #421-2010-1570 (P.L.), #2018-01272 (F.C.L. and A.S.); Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly (M.B.), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation #RTI2018-101714-B-I00 (F.A.S. and D.A.S.), OP RDE, MEYS project #CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728 (P.P.)., The Black Death (1347–1352 ce) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics., Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group, Estonian Research Council PRG323 PUT1173, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission FP7 263735 MSC 655659, Georgetown Environmental Initiative, Latvian Ministry of Education and Science LZP-2020/2-0060 LLNL-JRNL-820941, National Science Foundation (NSF) GSS-1228126, Polish-Swiss Research Programme 013/2010 086/2010, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland N306 275635, Polish National Science Centre 2019/03/X/ST10/00849 2015/17/B/ST10/01656 2015/17/B/ST10/03430 2018/31/B/ST10/02498 N N304 319636, SCIEX 12.286, Spanish Government REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P FPU16/00676, Swedish Research Council, European Commission 421-2010-1570 2018-01272, Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly, Spanish Government RTI2018-101714-B-I00, OP RDE, MEYS project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728
Published: 2022
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9. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author: Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., Zimny M., Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., and Zimny M.
Abstract: The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).
Published: 2020

10. Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe: A Synthesis of National Perspectives

Author: Fernandez-Anez, N., Krasovskiy, A., Müller, M., Vacik, H., Baetens, J., Hukić, E., Kapovic Solomun, M., Atanassova, I., Glushkova, M., Bogunović, I., Fajković, H., Djuma, H., Boustras, G., Adámek, M., Devetter, M., Hrabalikova, M., Huska, D., Martínez Barroso, P., Vaverková, M.D., Zumr, D., Jõgiste, K., Metslaid, M., Koster, K., Köster, E., Pumpanen, J., Ribeiro-Kumara, C., Di Prima, S., Pastor, A., Rumpel, C., Seeger, M., Daliakopoulos, I., Daskalakou, E., Koutroulis, A., Papadopoulou, M.P., Stampoulidis, K., Xanthopoulos, G., Aszalós, R., Balázs, D., Kertész, M., Valkó, O., Finger, D.C., Thorsteinsson, T., Till, J., Bajocco, S., Gelsomino, A., Amodio, A.M., Novara, A., Salvati, L., Telesca, L., Ursino, N., Jansons, A., Kitenberga, M., Stivrins, N., Brazaitis, G., Marozas, V., Cojocaru, O., Gumeniuc, I., Sfecla, V., Imeson, A., Veraverbeke, S., Mikalsen, R.F., Koda, Eu., Osinski, P., Castro, A.C. M., Nunes, J.P., Oom, D., Vieira, D., Rusu, T., Bojović, S., Djordjevic, D., Popovic, Z., Protic, M., Sakan, S., Glasa, J., Kacikova, D., Lichner, L., Majlingova, A., Vido, J., Ferk, M., Tičar, J., Zorn, M., Zupanc, V., Hinojosa, M., Knicker, H., Lucas-Borja, M.E., Pausas, J., Prat-Guitart, N., Ubeda, X., Vilar, L., Destouni, G., Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Dindaroglu, T., Yakupoglu, T., Smith, T., Doerr, S., Cerda, A., Fernandez-Anez, N., Krasovskiy, A., Müller, M., Vacik, H., Baetens, J., Hukić, E., Kapovic Solomun, M., Atanassova, I., Glushkova, M., Bogunović, I., Fajković, H., Djuma, H., Boustras, G., Adámek, M., Devetter, M., Hrabalikova, M., Huska, D., Martínez Barroso, P., Vaverková, M.D., Zumr, D., Jõgiste, K., Metslaid, M., Koster, K., Köster, E., Pumpanen, J., Ribeiro-Kumara, C., Di Prima, S., Pastor, A., Rumpel, C., Seeger, M., Daliakopoulos, I., Daskalakou, E., Koutroulis, A., Papadopoulou, M.P., Stampoulidis, K., Xanthopoulos, G., Aszalós, R., Balázs, D., Kertész, M., Valkó, O., Finger, D.C., Thorsteinsson, T., Till, J., Bajocco, S., Gelsomino, A., Amodio, A.M., Novara, A., Salvati, L., Telesca, L., Ursino, N., Jansons, A., Kitenberga, M., Stivrins, N., Brazaitis, G., Marozas, V., Cojocaru, O., Gumeniuc, I., Sfecla, V., Imeson, A., Veraverbeke, S., Mikalsen, R.F., Koda, Eu., Osinski, P., Castro, A.C. M., Nunes, J.P., Oom, D., Vieira, D., Rusu, T., Bojović, S., Djordjevic, D., Popovic, Z., Protic, M., Sakan, S., Glasa, J., Kacikova, D., Lichner, L., Majlingova, A., Vido, J., Ferk, M., Tičar, J., Zorn, M., Zupanc, V., Hinojosa, M., Knicker, H., Lucas-Borja, M.E., Pausas, J., Prat-Guitart, N., Ubeda, X., Vilar, L., Destouni, G., Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Dindaroglu, T., Yakupoglu, T., Smith, T., Doerr, S., and Cerda, A.
Abstract: Changes in climate, land use, and land management impact the occurrence and severity of wildland fires in many parts of the world. This is particularly evident in Europe, where ongoing changes in land use have strongly modified fire patterns over the last decades. Although satellite data by the European Forest Fire Information System provide large-scale wildland fire statistics across European countries, there is still a crucial need to collect and summarize in-depth local analysis and understanding of the wildland fire condition and associated challenges across Europe. This article aims to provide a general overview of the current wildland fire patterns and challenges as perceived by national representatives, supplemented by national fire statistics (2009–2018) across Europe. For each of the 31 countries included, we present a perspective authored by scientists or practitioners from each respective country, representing a wide range of disciplines and cultural backgrounds. The authors were selected from members of the COST Action “Fire and the Earth System: Science & Society” funded by the European Commission with the aim to share knowledge and improve communication about wildland fire. Where relevant, a brief overview of key studies, particular wildland fire challenges a country is facing, and an overview of notable recent fire events are also presented. Key perceived challenges included (1) the lack of consistent and detailed records for wildland fire events, within and across countries, (2) an increase in wildland fires that pose a risk to properties and human life due to high population densities and sprawl into forested regions, and (3) the view that, irrespective of changes in management, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and impact of wildland fires in the coming decades. Addressing challenge (1) will not only be valuable in advancing national and pan-European wildland fire management strategies, but also in evaluating perceptions (2) and (3
Published: 2021

11. Fire frequency during the Holocene in central Latvia, northeastern Europe

Author: Steinberga, D, primary and Stivrins, N, primary
Published: 2021
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12. Drivers of change and ecosystem status in a temperate lake over the last Post-Glacial period from 14.5 kyr

Author: Tõnno, I, primary, Freiberg, R, additional, Talas, L, additional, Kisand, A, additional, Belle, S, additional, Stivrins, N, additional, Alliksaar, T, additional, Heinsalu, A, additional, Veski, S, additional, and Kisand, V, additional
Published: 2020
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13. Integrating fire-scar, charcoal and fungal spore data to study fire events in the boreal forest of northern Europe

Author: Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Aakala, T. (Tuomas), Ilvonen, L. (Liisa), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Kuuluvainen, T. (Timo), Vasander, H. (Harri), Gałka, M. (Mariusz), Disbrey, H. R. (Helena R), Liepins, J. (Janis), Holmström, L. (Lasse), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Aakala, T. (Tuomas), Ilvonen, L. (Liisa), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Kuuluvainen, T. (Timo), Vasander, H. (Harri), Gałka, M. (Mariusz), Disbrey, H. R. (Helena R), Liepins, J. (Janis), Holmström, L. (Lasse), and Seppä, H. (Heikki)
Abstract: Fire is a major disturbance agent in the boreal forest, influencing many current and future ecosystem conditions and services. Surprisingly few studies have attempted to improve the accuracy of fire-event reconstructions even though the estimates of the occurrence of past fires may be biased, influencing the reliability of the models employing those data (e.g. C stock, cycle). This study aimed to demonstrate how three types of fire proxies — fire scars from tree rings, sedimentary charcoal and, for the first time in this context, fungal spores of Neurospora — can be integrated to achieve a better understanding of past fire dynamics. By studying charcoal and Neurospora from sediment cores from forest hollows, and the fire scars from tree rings in their surroundings in the southern Fennoscandian and western Russian boreal forest, we produced composite fire-event data sets and fire-event frequencies, and estimated fire return intervals. Our estimates show that the fire return interval varied between 126 and 237 years during the last 11,000 years. The highest fire frequency during the 18th–19th century can be associated with the anthropogenic influence. Importantly, statistical tests revealed a positive relationship between other fire event indicators and Neurospora occurrence allowing us to pinpoint past fire events at times when the sedimentary charcoal was absent, but Neurospora were abundant. We demonstrated how fire proxies with different temporal resolution can be linked, providing potential improvements in the reliability of fire history reconstructions from multiple proxies.
Published: 2019

14. Abrupt Alnus population decline at the end of the first millennium CE in Europe:the event ecology, possible causes and implications

Author: Latałowa, M. (Małgorzata), Święta-Musznicka, J. (Joanna), Słowiński, M. (Michał), Pędziszewska, A. (Anna), Noryśkiewicz, A. (Agnieszka), Zimny, M. (Marcelina), Obremska, M. (Milena), Ott, F. (Florian), Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Iivonen, L. (Liisa), Holmström, L. (Lasse), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Latałowa, M. (Małgorzata), Święta-Musznicka, J. (Joanna), Słowiński, M. (Michał), Pędziszewska, A. (Anna), Noryśkiewicz, A. (Agnieszka), Zimny, M. (Marcelina), Obremska, M. (Milena), Ott, F. (Florian), Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Iivonen, L. (Liisa), Holmström, L. (Lasse), and Seppä, H. (Heikki)
Abstract: The study, based on the examination of 70 published and unpublished pollen profiles from Poland and supplementary data from the surrounding regions, shows that an abrupt, episodic Alnus population decline at the end of the first millennium CE was a much more widespread event than has been previously reported, spanning large areas of the temperate and boreal zones in Europe. The data from Poland suggest that the decline was roughly synchronous and most likely occurred between the 9th and 10th centuries, with strong indications for the 10th century. The pollen data indicate that human impacts were not a major factor in the event. Instead, we hypothesize that one or a series of abrupt climatic shifts that caused floods and droughts at the end of the first millennium CE could have initiated this ecological disturbance, leading to a higher vulnerability of the alder trees to a pathogen outbreak. Following current observations of the decline of alder stands in Europe due to a Phytophthora outbreak, we suggest that a similar process may have occurred in the past. This study provides insight into long-term alder (mainly Alnus glutinosa) dynamics in a condition of climate change and illustrates its great resilience, enabling the natural, successful regeneration of alder stands after critical diebacks if environmental conditions improve. Our finding that the Alnus pollen decline reflects a roughly synchronous event indicates that the decline could be used as an over-regional chronostratigraphic marker for 800–1000 CE in pollen diagrams from a large part of the European Lowland.
Published: 2019

15. Abrupt rise in the contribution of CH4-derived carbon to benthic secondary production of a shallow hemiboreal/boreal lake

Author: Belle, S., Tõnno, I., Stivrins, N., Freiberg, R., Veski, S.
Published: 2018
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16. Multiscale variation in drought controlled historical forest fire activity in the boreal forests of eastern Fennoscandia

Author: Aakala, T. (Tuomas), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Helama, S. (Samuli), Vakkari, V. (Ville), Drobyshev, I. (Igor), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Kuuluvainen, T. (Timo), Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Wallenius, T. (Tuomo), Vasander, H. (Harri), Holmström, L. (Lasse), Aakala, T. (Tuomas), Pasanen, L. (Leena), Helama, S. (Samuli), Vakkari, V. (Ville), Drobyshev, I. (Igor), Seppä, H. (Heikki), Kuuluvainen, T. (Timo), Stivrins, N. (Normunds), Wallenius, T. (Tuomo), Vasander, H. (Harri), and Holmström, L. (Lasse)
Abstract: Forest fires are a key disturbance in boreal forests, and characteristics of fire regimes are among the most important factors explaining the variation in forest structure and species composition. The occurrence of fire is connected with climate, but earlier, mostly local-scale studies in the northern European boreal forests have provided little insight into fire–climate relationship before the modern fire suppression period. Here, we compiled annually resolved fire history, temperature, and precipitation reconstructions from eastern Fennoscandia from the mid-16th century to the end of the 19th century, a period of strong human influence on fires. We used synchrony of fires over the network of 25 fire history reconstructions as a measure of climatic forcing on fires. We examined the relationship between fire occurrence and climate (summer temperature, precipitation, and a drought index summarizing the influence of variability in temperature and precipitation) across temporal scales, using a scale space multiresolution correlation approach and Bayesian inference that accounts for the annually varying uncertainties in climate reconstructions. At the annual scale, fires were synchronized during summers with low precipitation, and most clearly during drought summers. A scale-derivative analysis revealed that fire synchrony and climate varied at similar, roughly decadal scales. Climatic variables and fire synchrony showed varying correlation strength and credibility, depending on the climate variable and the time period. In particular, precipitation emerged as a credible determinant of fire synchrony also at these time scales, despite the large uncertainties in precipitation reconstruction. The findings explain why fire occurrence can be high during cold periods (such as from the mid-17th to early-18th century), and stresses the notion that future fire frequency will likely depend to a greater extent on changes in precipitation than temperature alone. We showed
Published: 2018

17. Drivers of peat accumulation rate in a raised bog: impact of drainage, climate, and local vegetation composition

Author: Stivrins, N., Ozola, I., Gałka, M., Kuske, E., Alliksaar, T., Andersen, T., Lamentowicz, M., Wulf, S., Reitalu, T., Department of Geosciences and Geography, and 5.2 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, 5.0 Geoarchives, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum
Subjects: CARBON ACCUMULATION, DYNAMICS, SUCCESSION, SPHAGNUM, variation partitioning, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, chronology, water level reconstruction, testate amoebae, AGE, macrofossils, lcsh:QH540-549.5, HISTORY, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, LATE HOLOCENE, lcsh:Ecology, MULTI-PROXY DATA, HIGH-RESOLUTION, 1172 Environmental sciences
Abstract: We used variation partitioning to assess the relative importance of drainage, climate and local vegetation composition for the development of a raised bog. As a case study we selected Teici (Teici) Bog in Latvia (north-east Europe). Explanatory variables together explained 74 % of the variation in peat accumulation and only the residue of 26 % remained unexplained. Our study showed that the local vegetation composition and dominant Sphagnum species significantly influence peat accumulation rates. The results of linear models revealed that, under natural conditions, minor drainage and even strong drainage of the peat is associated with a positive growth balance of the system. However, drainage systems can have a measurable impact on peatland ecosystems situated farther away. Our study demonstrates that the average peat accumulation rate in Teici Bog over the last 150 years was 3.5 mm per year. Although the peat accumulation rate has been affected by drainage over the last half-century, it is still 2.8 mm per year. There was no strong correlation with the historical climate record, suggesting that the bog area has buffered the influence of climate change over the last 150 years.
Published: 2017
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18. Carbon accumulation rate in a raised bog in Latvia, NE Europe, in relation to climate warming

Author: Stivrins, N, primary, Liiv, M, primary, Ozola, I, primary, and Reitalu, T, primary
Published: 2018
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19. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked tospatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

Author: Izdebski, A. Guzowski, P. Poniat, R. Masci, L. Palli, J. and Vignola, C. Bauch, M. Cocozza, C. Fernandes, R. and Ljungqvist, F. C. Newfield, T. Seim, A. Abel-Schaad, D. and Alba-Sanchez, F. Bjoerkman, L. Brauer, A. Brown, A. and Czerwinski, S. Ejarque, A. Filoc, M. Florenzano, A. and Fredh, E. D. Fyfe, R. Jasiunas, N. Kolaczek, P. Kouli, K. Kozakova, R. Kupryjanowicz, M. Lageras, P. and Lamentowicz, M. Lindbladh, M. Lopez-Saez, J. A. and Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R. Marcisz, K. Mazier, F. Mensing, S. Mercuri, A. M. Milecka, K. Miras, Y. Noryskiewicz, A. M. Novenko, E. Obremska, M. Panajiotidis, S. and Papadopoulou, M. L. Pedziszewska, A. Perez-Diaz, S. and Piovesan, G. Pluskowski, A. Pokorny, P. Poska, A. and Reitalu, T. Roesch, M. Sadori, L. Ferreira, C. Sa Sebag, D. Slowinski, M. Stancikaite, M. Stivrins, N. Tunno, I and Veski, S. Wacnik, A. Masi, A. and Izdebski, A. Guzowski, P. Poniat, R. Masci, L. Palli, J. and Vignola, C. Bauch, M. Cocozza, C. Fernandes, R. and Ljungqvist, F. C. Newfield, T. Seim, A. Abel-Schaad, D. and Alba-Sanchez, F. Bjoerkman, L. Brauer, A. Brown, A. and Czerwinski, S. Ejarque, A. Filoc, M. Florenzano, A. and Fredh, E. D. Fyfe, R. Jasiunas, N. Kolaczek, P. Kouli, K. Kozakova, R. Kupryjanowicz, M. Lageras, P. and Lamentowicz, M. Lindbladh, M. Lopez-Saez, J. A. and Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R. Marcisz, K. Mazier, F. Mensing, S. Mercuri, A. M. Milecka, K. Miras, Y. Noryskiewicz, A. M. Novenko, E. Obremska, M. Panajiotidis, S. and Papadopoulou, M. L. Pedziszewska, A. Perez-Diaz, S. and Piovesan, G. Pluskowski, A. Pokorny, P. Poska, A. and Reitalu, T. Roesch, M. Sadori, L. Ferreira, C. Sa Sebag, D. Slowinski, M. Stancikaite, M. Stivrins, N. Tunno, I and Veski, S. Wacnik, A. Masi, A.
Abstract: Historical accounts of the mortality outcomes of the Black Death plague pandemic are variable across Europe, with much higher death tolls suggested in some areas than others. Here the authors use a `big data palaeoecology' approach to show that land use change following the pandemic was spatially variable across Europe, confirming heterogeneous responses with empirical data. The Black Death (1347-1352 ce) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe's population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic's causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, `big data palaeoecology', which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death's mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death's mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on

20. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author: Juliana Atanassova, Christine M. Åkesson, Piotr Kołaczek, Marco Zanon, Kari Loe Hjelle, Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Heikki Seppä, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Vachel A. Carter, James Edward Schofield, Krystyna Milecka, Iria García-Moreiras, Takeshi Nakagawa, Walter Finsinger, Willy Tinner, Castor Muñoz Sobrino, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, José Antonio López-Sáez, Elena Marinova, Philipp Stojakowits, Tatiana G. Antipina, Silvia Sabariego Ruiz, Roman Abegglen, Vlasta Jankovská, Oksana G. Zanina, Mariusz Gałka, Arsenii T. Galimov, Maria Papadopoulou, Manfred Rösch, Kevin J. Edwards, Patricia L. Fall, Basil A. S. Davis, Philipp Sommer, Elissaveta Bozilova, Ulrike Herzschuh, Verushka Valsecchi, Natalia Ryabogina, Ikuko Kitaba, Elena Novenko, Michelle Leydet, Anna Pędziszewska, Nata K. Panova, Almut Mrotzek, Donatella Magri, Eleonora Clo, Isabelle Matthias, R. Scott Anderson, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Kazimierz Tobolski, Vincent Lebreton, Leanne N. Phelps, Irina G. Gvozdeva, André F. Lotter, Nina I. Belyanina, Assunta Florenzano, William J. Fletcher, Ioan Tantau, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Roxana Grindean, Normunds Stivrins, Elena G. Lapteva, Francisca Alba-Sánchez, J. Sakari Salonen, Tatiana I. Petrenko, Tatyana V. Sapelko, Angelica Feurdean, Anna Maria Mercuri, Yuri A. Mikishin, G Furlanetto, Susanne Jahns, Cesare Ravazzi, Helena Svobodova Svitavska, Anastasia Mavridou, Carlo Alessandro Montanari, Jose Manuel Mesa-Fernández, Sampson Panajiotidis, Ruth Beer, Stéphanie Desprat, Federico Di Rita, María J. Ramos-Román, Emna Gaceur, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Olga K. Borisova, Galina Bukreeva, M. Jane Bunting, Manuel Chevalier, Achille Mauri, Maria Angela Guido, Darya A. Lopatina, César Morales-Molino, Spassimir Tonkov, Marcelina Zimny, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Sergey Ivanov, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, Daniele Colombaroli, Morteza Djamali, Heather S. Pardoe, Olga D. Naidina, Margarita Tsakiridou, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of physical chemistry, Uppsala University, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Humaines (Lares-Las), Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Botany, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski', NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire d'Informatique, Systèmes, Traitement de l'Information et de la Connaissance (LISTIC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), CNR-IDPA, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Department of Geography [Riga], Софийски университет = Sofia University, University of Portsmouth, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Avignon Université (AU), López Sáez, José Antonio, Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Sofia University 'Sv. Kliment Ohridski', Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), University of Helsinki, and University of Sofia
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, LAKE CONSTANCE REGION, Palynology Palaeoecology Palaeoclimatology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, HUMAN IMPACT, recent pollen deposition, 580 Plants (Botany), medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 2417.10 Paleobotánica, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ddc:550, SURFACE POLLEN, SOUTHERN NORWAY, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, lcsh:Environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, lcsh:GE1-350, 0303 health sciences, CLIMATE-CHANGE, GE, APUSENI NATURAL PARK, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Foundation (engineering), European pollen database, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Europe, LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM, Geography, NORTHERN IBERIAN PLATEAU, pollen, GE Environmental Sciences, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Library science, Climate change, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, neotoma, 03 medical and health sciences, Eurasian Modern Pollen Database, 2502.05 Paleoclimatología, Pollen, medicine, SIERRA-NEVADA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 030304 developmental biology, Botánica, HOLOCENE VEGETATION HISTORY, DAS, 15. Life on land, 2416.03 Palinología, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, lcsh:Geology, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], MCP, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https: //doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019)., Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) 200021_169598, University of Lausanne
Published: 2020
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21. Climate Effects on Belowground Tea Litter Decomposition Depend on Ecosystem and Organic Matter Types in Global Wetlands.

Author: Trevathan-Tackett SM, Kepfer-Rojas S, Malerba M, Macreadie PI, Djukic I, Zhao J, Young EB, York PH, Yeh SC, Xiong Y, Winters G, Whitlock D, Weaver CA, Watson A, Visby I, Tylkowski J, Trethowan A, Tiegs S, Taylor B, Szpikowski J, Szpikowska G, Strickland VL, Stivrins N, Sousa AI, Sinutok S, Scheffel WA, Santos R, Sanderman J, Sánchez-Carrillo S, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Rymer KG, Ruiz-Fernandez AC, Robroek BJM, Roberts T, Ricart AM, Reynolds LK, Rachlewicz G, Prathep A, Pinsonneault AJ, Pendall E, Payne R, Ozola I, Onufrock C, Ola A, Oberbauer SF, Numbere AO, Novak AB, Norkko J, Norkko A, Mozdzer TJ, Morgan P, Montemayor DI, Martin CW, Malone SL, Major M, Majewski M, Lundquist CJ, Lovelock CE, Liu S, Lin HJ, Lillebo A, Li J, Kominoski JS, Khuroo AA, Kelleway JJ, Jinks KI, Jerónimo D, Janousek C, Jackson EL, Iribarne O, Hanley T, Hamid M, Gupta A, Guariento RD, Grudzinska I, da Rocha Gripp A, González Sagrario MA, Garrison LM, Gagnon K, Gacia E, Fusi M, Farrington L, Farmer J, de Assis Esteves F, Escapa M, Domańska M, Dias ATC, de Los Santos CB, Daffonchio D, Czyryca PM, Connolly RM, Cobb A, Chudzińska M, Christiaen B, Chifflard P, Castelar S, Carneiro LS, Cardoso-Mohedano JG, Camden M, Caliman A, Bulmer RH, Bowen J, Boström C, Bernal S, Berges JA, Benavides JC, Barry SC, Alatalo JM, Al-Haj AN, and Adame MF
Subjects: Tea, Climate, Ecosystem, Carbon, Temperature, Wetlands
Abstract: Patchy global data on belowground litter decomposition dynamics limit our capacity to discern the drivers of carbon preservation and storage across inland and coastal wetlands. We performed a global, multiyear study in over 180 wetlands across 28 countries and 8 macroclimates using standardized litter as measures of "recalcitrant" (rooibos tea) and "labile" (green tea) organic matter (OM) decomposition. Freshwater wetlands and tidal marshes had the highest tea mass remaining, indicating a greater potential for carbon preservation in these ecosystems. Recalcitrant OM decomposition increased with elevated temperatures throughout the decay period, e.g., increase from 10 to 20 °C corresponded to a 1.46-fold increase in the recalcitrant OM decay rate constant. The effect of elevated temperature on labile OM breakdown was ecosystem-dependent, with tidally influenced wetlands showing limited effects of temperature compared with freshwater wetlands. Based on climatic projections, by 2050 wetland decay constants will increase by 1.8% for labile and 3.1% for recalcitrant OM. Our study highlights the potential for reduction in belowground OM in coastal and inland wetlands under increased warming, but the extent and direction of this effect at a large scale is dependent on ecosystem and OM characteristics. Understanding local versus global drivers is necessary to resolve ecosystem influences on carbon preservation in wetlands.
Published: 2024
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22. Downward migrating microplastics in lake sediments are a tricky indicator for the onset of the Anthropocene.

Author: Dimante-Deimantovica I, Saarni S, Barone M, Buhhalko N, Stivrins N, Suhareva N, Tylmann W, Vianello A, and Vollertsen J
Abstract: Plastics are a recent particulate material in Earth's history. Because of plastics persistence and wide-range presence, it has a great potential of being a global age marker and correlation tool between sedimentary profiles. In this research, we query whether microplastics can be considered among the array of proxies to delimit the Anthropocene Epoch (starting from the year 1950 and above). We present a study of microplastics deposition history inferred from sediment profiles of lakes in northeastern Europe. The sediments were dated with independent proxies from the present back to the first half of the 18th century. Regardless of the sediment layer age, microplastic particles were found throughout the cores in all sites. Depending on particles' aspect ratio, less elongated particles were found deeper, while more elongated particles and fibers have reduced mobility. We conclude that interpretation of microplastics distribution in the studied sediment profiles is ambiguous and does not strictly indicate the beginning of the Anthropocene Epoch.
Published: 2024
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23. Sedimentary Ancient DNA (sedaDNA) Reveals Fungal Diversity and Environmental Drivers of Community Changes throughout the Holocene in the Present Boreal Lake Lielais Svētiņu (Eastern Latvia).

Author: Talas L, Stivrins N, Veski S, Tedersoo L, and Kisand V
Abstract: Fungi are ecologically important in several ecosystem processes, yet their community composition, ecophysiological roles, and responses to changing environmental factors in historical sediments are rarely studied. Here we explored ancient fungal DNA from lake Lielais Svētiņu sediment throughout the Holocene (10.5 kyr) using the ITS metabarcoding approach. Our data revealed diverse fungal taxa and smooth community changes during most of the Holocene with rapid changes occurring in the last few millennia. More precisely, plankton parasitic fungi became more diverse from the Late Holocene (2-4 kyr) which could be related to a shift towards a cooler climate. The Latest Holocene (~2 kyr) showed a distinct increase in the richness of plankton parasites, mycorrhizal, and plant pathogenic fungi which can be associated with an increased transfer rate of plant material into the lake and blooms of planktonic organisms influenced by increased, yet moderate, human impact. Thus, major community shifts in plankton parasites and mycorrhizal fungi could be utilized as potential paleo-variables that accompany host-substrate dynamics. Our work demonstrates that fungal aDNA with predicted ecophysiology and host specificity can be employed to reconstruct both aquatic and surrounding terrestrial ecosystems and to estimate the influence of environmental change.
Published: 2021
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24. From microbial eukaryotes to metazoan vertebrates: Wide spectrum paleo-diversity in sedimentary ancient DNA over the last ~14,500 years.

Author: Kisand V, Talas L, Kisand A, Stivrins N, Reitalu T, Alliksaar T, Vassiljev J, Liiv M, Heinsalu A, Seppä H, and Veski S
Subjects: Animals, RNA, Ribosomal, 18S analysis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Vertebrates, DNA, Ancient analysis, Geologic Sediments microbiology
Abstract: Most studies that utilize ancient DNA have focused on specific groups of organisms or even single species. Instead, the whole biodiversity of eukaryotes can be described using universal phylogenetic marker genes found within well-preserved sediment cores that cover the post-glacial period. Sedimentary ancient DNA samples from Lake Lielais Svētiņu, eastern Latvia, at a core depth of 1,050 cm in ~150 year intervals were used to determine phylotaxonomy in domain Eukaryota. Phylotaxonomic affiliation of >1,200 eukaryotic phylotypes revealed high richness in all major eukaryotic groups-Alveolata, Stramenopiles, Cercozoa, Chlorophyta, Charophyta, Nucletmycea, and Holozoa. The share of organisms that originate from terrestrial ecosystems was about one third, of which the most abundant molecular operational taxonomic units were Fungi and tracheal/vascular plants, which demonstrates the usefulness of using lake sediments to reconstruct the terrestrial paleoecosystems that surround them. Phylotypes that originate from the lake ecosystem belonged to various planktonic organisms; phyto-, proto,- and macrozooplankton, and vascular aquatic plants. We observed greater richness of several planktonic organisms that can be associated with higher trophic status during the warm climate period between 4,000 and 8,000 years ago and an increase in eukaryotic richness possibly associated with moderate human impact over the last 2,000 years., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2018
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24 results on '"Stivrins N"'

1. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

2. Investigating the impact of anthropogenic land use on a hemiboreal lake ecosystem using carbon/nitrogen ratios and coupled-optical emission spectroscopy

3. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model : A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

4. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

5. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

6. Phytoplankton response to the environmental and climatic variability in a temperate lake over the last 14,500 years in eastern Latvia

7. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

8. Big Data Palaeoecology reveals significant variation in Black Death mortality in Europe [Preprint]

9. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

10. Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe: A Synthesis of National Perspectives

11. Fire frequency during the Holocene in central Latvia, northeastern Europe

12. Drivers of change and ecosystem status in a temperate lake over the last Post-Glacial period from 14.5 kyr

13. Integrating fire-scar, charcoal and fungal spore data to study fire events in the boreal forest of northern Europe

14. Abrupt Alnus population decline at the end of the first millennium CE in Europe:the event ecology, possible causes and implications

15. Abrupt rise in the contribution of CH4-derived carbon to benthic secondary production of a shallow hemiboreal/boreal lake

16. Multiscale variation in drought controlled historical forest fire activity in the boreal forests of eastern Fennoscandia

17. Drivers of peat accumulation rate in a raised bog: impact of drainage, climate, and local vegetation composition

18. Carbon accumulation rate in a raised bog in Latvia, NE Europe, in relation to climate warming

19. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked tospatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

20. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

21. Climate Effects on Belowground Tea Litter Decomposition Depend on Ecosystem and Organic Matter Types in Global Wetlands.

22. Downward migrating microplastics in lake sediments are a tricky indicator for the onset of the Anthropocene.

23. Sedimentary Ancient DNA (sedaDNA) Reveals Fungal Diversity and Environmental Drivers of Community Changes throughout the Holocene in the Present Boreal Lake Lielais Svētiņu (Eastern Latvia).

24. From microbial eukaryotes to metazoan vertebrates: Wide spectrum paleo-diversity in sedimentary ancient DNA over the last ~14,500 years.

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24 results on '"Stivrins N"'

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