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The theory of moral disengagement has been useful in explaining disruptive social behavior in young people, showing differences between men and women. However, there are no studies regarding the association of psychological factors, as impulsivity, self-esteem, anxiety, and moral disengagement. Therefore, we analyzed gender differences and psychological predictors of moral disengagement mechanisms in young people. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional, comparative, and correlational study. Participants were 1,419 young people aged 16 to 30 years (M = 20.6, SD = 3.32) who answered the Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Scale (mmds), the Barratt Impulsivity scale (bis-11), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (rses) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (bai). A Student's t-test showed that men had higher scores on moral disengagement mechanisms and self-esteem, and women had higher scores on anxiety. Moral disengagement mechanisms were found to be inversely correlated with self-esteem, but directly correlated with impulsivity and anxiety. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-contempt, impulsivity, anxiety, and gender had the strongest effects on predicting moral disengagement and mechanisms. These effects were similar for men and women. This study provides important information about the influence of psychological factors not explored in previous studies on the understanding of moral agency in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To review scientific literature in which controlled cognitive tasks and recording of neurological activity are utilized to evaluate face recognition ability, considering the "other-race effect" (ORE). Methodology: Reflection article, whose methodology is based on a literature review; 15 studies were included for meta-synthesis. Results: It was found that subjective-recollection controlled cognitive tasks, electroencephalography technique, and event-related potentials predominate in face recognition research, considering the ORE. It was also found that oxytocin has no influence on face memory, and that difficulties in recognizing other-race blurred faces correlate with the activation of the fusiform face area (FFA). Conclusions: Neural processing of other-race faces requires more effort, evidenced by larger N250 amplitude, and it is related to N170 component. Furthermore, own-race face recognition is prolonged when these are inverted. of Other-race face processing may be increased by instruction, whereas anger does not improve other-race face memory. This review confirms that both neurophysiology and cultural factors play a crucial role in face recognition and suggests that ORE may be produced by the interaction between these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: depression is a proximal factor associated with suicide risk. However, depression alone does not imply a risk of suicidal behavior. Various studies have demonstrated the significant role of hopelessness in contributing to suicidal behavior. Nonetheless, the probability of engaging in suicidal behavior can also be diminished in the presence of other factors known as protective, as purpose of life. Aim: to analyze the interactions among depression, hopelessness, and purpose in life, and their impact on suicidal risk in a young population. The hypotheses were: 1) suicide risk is directly correlated with depression and hopelessness and inversely correlated with purpose in life, and 2) purpose in life mediates the effect of hopelessness and depression in explaining suicide risk. Method: a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted. Through nonprobabilistic convenience sampling, 340 university students were recruited from two main cities in Colombia. The Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Purpose in Life Test were used. Results: a high prevalence of suicidal risk was identified. The group at risk of suicide exhibited higher scores in depression and hopelessness and lower scores in life purpose compared to the non-risk group. Moderate and strong correlations were observed among the variables. Path diagrams constructed using structural equation modeling revealed that purpose in life reduces the effect of hopelessness and depression on suicidal risk. Discussion: The importance of purpose in life as a resilience factor against suicidal risk is emphasized. Purpose in life plays a pivotal role in reducing suicidal risk as it cultivates a positive orientation towards the future, amplifies motivation for action, reshapes the perception of challenges, counteracts learned helplessness, and bolsters resilience. These findings corroborate contemporary theories concerning the interplay among purpose in life, hopelessness, depression, and suicidal risk. A purpose-centered intervention program can reduce suicide risk among university students. It helps students reflect on their values, goals, and aspirations, and teaches them skills to cope with stress and overcome challenges, thereby increasing their capacity for adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide in adolescents is a public health problem, and it is relevant to conduct research to identify protective factors against suicidal risk. This paper analyzed the effect of emotional intelligence on the risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. A total of 289 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years (M=14.88, SD=1.902) responded to the suicide orientation (ISO-30) and trait emotional meta-cognition (TMMS-24) scales. Suicidal ideation and behavior correlated (p< .001) inversely with intelligence, clarity, and emotional regulation. Logistic regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence had an inverse effect that explained between 43% and 49% of the variance in suicidal risk. Structural equation analysis evidenced that emotional attention mediates the association between emotional clarity and suicidal ideation and behavior. These findings support the role of emotional intelligence in reducing suicidal risk in adolescents and justify the importance of developing strategies focused on emotion management for suicide prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Perseitas is the property of Revista Perseitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud is the property of Centro de Estudiso Avanzados en Ninez y Juventud alaianza Cinde, Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Few studies have explored the mediating effect of depression on the relationship between school bullying and suicidal behavior. This study analyzed the mediating effect of depression on the association between school bullying and suicide risk and attempt in a sample of 221 children and adolescents between 11 and 17 years old (M= 13.52, SD= 1.74). Regression analysis showed that depression (OR= 1.2) and school bullying (OR= 1.4) explain between 34% and 54% of the variance in suicide risk. Depression (OR= 1.1) and the symptomatology of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and effects on self-esteem (OR= 1.3) explain between 25% and 41% of the variance in suicide attempt. Two structural equation models were constructed to demonstrate that depression mediates the relationship between school bullying, risk, and suicide attempt. These findings will guide intervention strategies to prevent school bullying and suicide risk in school and community settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective was to analyze gender differences and the relationship between empathy, emotional self-efficacy, and prosocial trends in adolescents who have lived psychosocial vulnerability situations, located in a protection institution in Manizales and three municipalities in Caldas (Colombia). The methodology used was a quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional design, descriptive-correlational scope. The sample was non-probabilistic by availability, composed of 69 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years old. The instruments used were the revised version of the Prosocial Tendencies Scale (PTM-R), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and the Self-efficacy Scale for Emotional Regulation (RESE). As result, the empirical model showed that the expression of positive emotions and the handling of negative emotions require the mediating role of empathy, in its two components, cognitive and emotional, to explain prosocial motivations in adolescents. In conclusion, it is necessary to articulate the research, as well as a psychosocial and educational intervention in the study and stimulation of prosociality, along with positively associated factors in populations that have lived experiences of a psychosocial violation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Perseitas is the property of Revista Perseitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to understand prosocial capabilities in unlinked children and teenagers from illegal armed groups and to reflect over the challenges that propose prosociality as a generative category in psychosocial research in order to contribute to the Colombian peace process. We worked with 25 unlinked children and teenagers from illegal armed groups and used a qualitative perspective. It was found that despite psychosocial vulnerability, it is also possible to find capabilities to build solidarity bonds, sensitivity over other's welfare, guilt and regret. One of the challenges for social sciences and the reinstatement policies in Colombia it is to go far and beyond of psychological determinism, social dogma and other epistemologies. In that sense, it is necessary to establish generative speeches to be able to promote social transformation and policies that welcome a pluralistic dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity has been linked to low cognitive performance throughout the human life span. Alterations relate to attention, memory, language, and executive function. However, the obesity-executive function association remains unclear in adolescents. This study presents a systematic review of executive function alterations in adolescents with obesity. A search equation was proposed (Executive dysfunction AND Obesity AND Adolescents), with sixty studies meeting the inclusion criteria in the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify the importance of the research topic and a citation network was built to establish the lines of research. Finally, the citation network was exported to Gephi to visualize the research groups studying the topic. Findings suggest 4 lines of research: (a) structural and functional brain abnormalities in adolescents with obesity, (b) inhibitory control alterations in adolescents with obesity, (c) effects of physical and cognitive activity on the executive function of adolescents with obesity, and (d) working memory alterations in adolescents with obesity. Obese adolescents were found to prefer immediate rewards to long-term ones. Nevertheless, effective interventions increase the intake of fruit and vegetables and reduce that of calorie-dense food. The authors recommend additional longitudinal studies to assess whether executive function alterations are either a cause or a consequence of adolescent obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]