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A revision of lichenicolous fungi on Verrucaria s. lat. in Ukraine is provided. As a result, 12 species of lichenicolous fungi on Verrucaria s. lat. are reported from Ukraine. Among them, Zwackhiomyces khodosovtsevii on Verrucaria cf. nigrescens is described as new to science and Lichenopeltella coppinsii on V. muralis, Stigmidium marinum on V. mucosa as well as S. rivulorum on V. dolosa, are newly reported to Ukraine. Ten species are reported from xerotic terrestrial habitats mainly from Southern Ukraine. Only Stigmidium marinum and S. rivulorum were found in a marine and freshwater habitat respectively. Toninia subfuscae should be removed from the Ukrainian list of lichenicolous fungi due to misidentification. Didymosphaeria geminella is considered as a new synonym for Polycoccum dzieduszyckii. A worldwide key for lichenicolous fungi on Verrucaria s. lat. is provided.

Two lichenicolous fungi are described as new to science from Brazil: Cryptodiscus gassicurtiae on Gassicurtia coccinea from Alagoas, with very small (60–150 µm diam.), grey to brownish apothecia, and Stigmidium anguinellicola on Nyungwea anguinella from Sergipe, without black patches on the host, and ascospores with halo, 8–11 × 3–3.5 µm. Nine further lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from Brazil (or from South America). An annotated list is presented of the 78 lichenicolous fungi previously reported from Brazil.

Motiejūnaitė, J. & Skridlaitė, G. 2017. New records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi in Lithuania, mainly from quarries. — Herzogia 30: 126–137. The lichen floras of dolomite, limestone, opoka, clay, sand and gravel quarries, as well the few existing natural dolomite outcrops suitable for lichens in various parts of Lithuania were studied. Also, some lichen records from built-up areas were examined. Quarries and built-up areas proved to be habitats rich in lichens, harbouring a number of rare species, two of which, Lecania leprosa and Stigmidium collematis, are new for the whole Baltic Sea region, and Caloplaca soralifera, Hawksworthiana peltigericola and Skyttella mulleri are recorded for the first time in the Baltic States. Seven lichens, Blennothallia crispa, Dirina massiliensis f. sorediata, Gregorella humida, Hymenelia epulotica, Protoblastenia rupestris, Psoroglaena dictyospora and Thelidium incavatum and two lichenicolous fungi, Didymellopsis pulposi and Stigmidium peltideae, are new fo...

WOS: 000401891900023 During lichenological exploration in Turkey, two lichenised fungi (Micarea micrococca, Sagedia zonata) and one lichenicolous fungus (Stigmidium microspilum) were established as new records for Asia, and one lichenised fungus (Bacidia chloroticula) as new for Turkey. Illustrations are accompanied by brief descriptions and comments on habitat, substrate, and geographical distribution.

Data about Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw. as a new species of lichenicolous fungi for Ukraine are presented. Growth of this lichenicolous fungus on thallus of Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise on the horizontal surface of the sandstone. This species is characterized by brown vegetative mycelium, black globose semi-immersed perithecioid ascomata, pale brown ascomatal wall that is composed of 4–6 la­yers of cells, subcylindrical, bitunicate, 8-spored asci and 1-septate ascospores, hyaline at first but becoming olivaceous with age. Each spore has an upper cell larger than the lower cell and contained a few oil drops. The descriptions, illustrations, localities, ecological and distribution data for new species are provided.

Zusammenfassung: Berger, F. & Zimmermann, E. 2016. Erganzungen zur Flechtenflora von Madeira mit besonderer Berucksichtigung lichenicoler Pilze. — Herzogia 29: 235–276. 100 lichenicole Pilze und 48 lichenisierte Ascomyceten werden erstmals aus Madeira berichtet. Davon sind 35 lichenicole Pilze Erstfunde in Makaronesien (Abrothallus suecicus, Arthonia columbiana, Bloxamia leucophthalma, Capronia epilobarina, Cladophialophora parmeliae, Chalara lobariae, Didymocyrtis foliaceiphila, D. slaponiensis, Endococcus propinquus, E. verrucisporus, Endophragmiella franconica, Epibryon conductrix, Epicladonia stenospora, Intralichen lichenum, Leptosphaerulina peltigerae, Lichenoconium cargillianum, L. follmannii, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, Niesslia peltigeriicola, Phaeospora parasitica, Phoma peltigerae, Polycoccum alboatrum, P. decolorans, P. deformans, Pronectria anisospora, P. leptogii, Skyttea megalosporae, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae, Stigmidium degelii, S. lobariae, S. peltidae, Trichonectria australis, Tubeufia...

Rettig, J. 2016. On the occurrence of lichenicolous fungi in East Thuringia. — Herzogia 29: 730–744. The occurrence of 30 lichenicolous fungi in the area of Gera (Germany, East Thuringia) is reported. In addition few records from the Grabfeld (South Thuringia), Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Hesse are presented. Everniicola flexispora is reported for the first time from Germany. Arthonia phaeophysciae, A. varians, Cercidospora macrospora, C. stenotropae, Dacampia cyrtellae, Hainesia xanthoriae, Intralichen baccisporus, I. lichenicola, Lichenoconium xanthoriae, Polycoccum peltigerae and Stigmidium rivulorum are new to Thuringia. Sphinctrina anglica was found again in Thuringia after more than 140 years. The localities are listed for all species and the fungi are briefly described.

One hundred lichen species and lichenicolous fungi are reported from the Azores, occurring on Sao Miguel and/or Terceira, collected in 2011 and 2014. Thirty-seven species are newly recorded to the Azores and seven are described as new to science: Byssoloma fuscum, Lecania azorica, Sphaerellothecium heterodermiae, S. parmotremae, Stigmidium micareae, S. subcladoniicola, Thelocarpon microsporum.

This paper contributes 96 species to the biota of lichenicolous fungi in the South Shetland Islands archipelago. New to science are the following genera: Antarctosphaeria Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Dahawkswia Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Lichenohostes Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Llanorella Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Phaeosporodendron Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., and Prostratomyces Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov. Additionally, 31 species are described as new to science. These are: Antarctosphaeria bireagens Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Arthonia dufayelensis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. livingstonensis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. massalongiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. pertusariicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. rakusae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Carbonea austroshetlandica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Cercidospora pertusariicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dactylospora antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., D. haematommatis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dahawkswia lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dendrophoma acarosporae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Didymellopsis antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Lichenohostes citrinospora Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Lichenostigma corymbosae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Llanorella ramalinae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Metasphaeria verrucosa Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Micarea lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phaeospora antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. convolutae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phaeosporodendron badiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phoma acarosporae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Prostratomyces leprariae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. ochrolechiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. rhizocarpicolae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Rhagadostoma antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Sphaerellothecium placopsiicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Stigmidium placopsiicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Taeniolella frigidae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., and Tetramelas caloplacae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov. Furthermore, a literature survey was undertaken, which resulted in the preparation of an identification guide for the lichenicolous species occurring in the South Shetlands Islands.

Zhurbenko, M. P., Frisch, A., Ohmura, Y. & Thor, G. 2015. Lichenicolous fungi from Japan and Korea: new species, new records and a first synopsis for Japan. — Herzogia 28: 762–789. Sixty six species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from Japan and eight species from South Korea. The new genus Caeruleoconidia is introduced, and four species, Caeruleoconidia ochrolechiae, Diplolaeviopsis japonica, Perigrapha lobariae and Skyttea ochrolechiae, are described as new to science. The new combination Lichenosticta lecanorae is introduced and a neotype designated for this taxon. Buelliella cf. inops, Cercidospora stenotropae, Cladophialophora parmeliae, Endococcus cf. brachysporus, Lichenosticta lecanorae, Micarea inquinans, Minutoexcipula cf. mariana, Protounguicularia nephromatis, Polycoccum hymeniicola, Stigmidium alectoriae and Tephromela campestricola are new to Asia, another 18 species are second reports for Asia. Sixty-one species are new to Japan and eight species new to South Korea. Nephroma i...

Urbanavichus, G. & Urbanavichene, I. 2015. New records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the NW Caucasus (Russia). — Herzogia 28: 185–192. Twenty-two noteworthy records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the northwestern Caucasus are listed, of which 11 are reported for the first time for Russia: Abrothallus acetabuli, Arthonia diploiciae, Dendrographa decolorans, Leptosphaeria ramalinae, Lecania sambucina, Polycoccum rinodinae, Rinodina fimbriata, Stigmidium clauzadei, Verrucaria corticola, V. phloeophila and V. schindleri. Brief taxonomic descriptions, comments, and notes on localities, habitat, substrata and distribution of the species are given.

Zhurbenko, M. P. & Kobzeva, A. A. 2014. Lichenicolous fungi from Northwest Caucasus, Russia. — Herzogia 27: 377–396. One hundred species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from Northwest Caucasus; 64 of them are new to the Caucasus. Hainesia aeruginascens, H. brevicladoniae, Minutoexcipula calatayudii, Neobarya peltigerae, Opegrapha anomea, O. rotunda, Polycoccum arnoldii, P. kaernefeltii, Pronectria echinulata and P. santessonii are newly reported for Asia and Russia. Abrothallus cetrariae, Pyrenochaeta xanthoriae, Taeniolella delicata, Trichonectria anisospora and Zwackhiomyces echinulatus are new to Asia, but not Russia. Cercidospora melanophthalmae, Lichenostigma rupicolae, Marchandiobasidium aurantiacum and Stigmidium xanthoparmeliarum are new to Russia, but not Asia. Endococcus incrassatus and Xanthoriicola physciae are new to Asian Russia. Lichenochora rinodinae is first reported from outside the Arctic. Finds of specimens presumably belonging to the insufficiently known species Merismat...

SCHIEFELBEIN, U. 2013. Additions to the lichenized and lichenicolous fungi of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). — Herzogia 26: 65–72. Records of 13 lichenized, lichenicolous or saprophytic fungi from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are reported. Absconditella lignicola, Bacidina sulphurella, Endococcus exerrans, Lepraria rigidula, Marchandiobasidium aurantiacum, Monodictys epilepraria, Mycoglaena myricae, Peltigera extenuata, Stigmidium marinum, Taeniolella punctata and Tremella hypogymniae are new to Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Arthonia pruinata is rediscovered in this federal state after more than 70 years and the occurrence of Graphis pulverulenta could be confirmed.

Stigmidium lendemeri is described from North America on probably five species of Aspicilia. The new species belongs to the Stigmidium placynthii group in Stigmidium s. lato, distinguished from Stigmidium s. str. by long 3-to-5 celled periphysoids.

Twenty species of lichenicolous fungi are reported onThamnoliaspecies and discussed.Epithamnolia karatyginiigen. et sp. nov.,Capronia thamnoliaesp. nov.,Cercidospora epithamnoliasp. nov.,C. thamnogalloidessp. nov.,C. thamnoliaesp. nov., andSphaerellothecium thamnoliaesp. nov. (var.thamnoliae, var.taimyricum) are described fromThamnolia.Dacampia thamnoliicolaandPhoma thamnoliaeare introducedad interim.Cercidospora lecidomaeis reduced to synonymy withC. punctillata.Polycoccum vermiculariumis new to Asia,Odontotrema santessoniiandO. thamnoliaeare new to North America,Cladosporium licheniphilumis new to the Arctic,Thamnogalla crombieiis new to Greenland and Svalbard,Stigmidium frigidumis new to Mongolia and confirmed in the USA,Lichenopeltella thamnoliaeis new to Bolivia.Cladosporium licheniphilumandPhaeospora arcticaare newly documented onThamnoliaandLichenopeltella thamnoliaeonThamnolia papelillovar.subsolida.Thamnolia vermicularis, supporting 23 species of lichenicolous fungi, is shown to be the 15th most hospitable lichen species in the world. A worldwide key to 23 species of fungi known to occur onThamnoliais provided.

Zimmermann E. & Berger F. 2018: Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der lichenicolen Mycobiota Osterreichs. Funde aus Tirol I. – Herzogia 31: 732–762.Die Autoren haben wahrend der letzten Jahre mehrfach lichenicole Pilze im Bundesland Tirol (einschlieslich Osttirol, Osterreich) gesammelt. Die Artenliste umfasst 133 Arten, von denen 64 erstmals fur Tirol angegeben werden. Ein Schwerpunkt bei den Neufunden liegt bei Arten mit arktisch-alpiner Verbreitung. Darunter sind Abrothallus ramalinae, Pronectria fragmospora, P. tibellii und Stigmidium buelliae Erstnachweise in Europa. Zehn Taxa sind neu fur die Alpen und gleichzeitig auch neu fur Osterreich: Dactylospora ahtii, D. borealis, Endococcus cf. nanellus, Lichenodiplis rinodinicola, Lichenopeltella stereocaulorum, Sphaerellothecium thamnoliae, Stigmidium stereocaulorum, Taeniolella christiansenii, T. rolfii und Trichonectria pertusariae. Zusatzliche Erstnachweise fur Osterreich (19 Taxa): Arthonia neglectula, Echinodiscus kozhevnikovii, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Hawksworthiana peltigericola, Laetisaria lichenicola, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Lichenopeltella uncialicola, Nectriopsis hirta, Neobarya peltigerae, Niesslia cladoniicola, Polycoccum microcarpum, Pronectria tincta, Pseudoseptoria usneae, Sphaerellothecium leratianum, Stagonospora exasperatulae, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. collematis, S. microcarpum und Tremella coppinsii. Cornutispora tricupulata und Stigmidium mayrhoferi werden neu beschrieben. Erganzend wird Bildmaterial von einigen seltenen Arten beigefugt.

Brackel, W. v. 2010. Some lichenicolous fungi and lichens from Iceland, including Lichenopeltella uncialicola sp. nov. — Herzogia 23: 93–109. Records of 57 species of lichenicolous fungi and lichens from Iceland, especially from the Northwest Fjords are presented. Agonimia globulifera, Arthonia phaeophysciae, Cercidospora cladoniicola, C. decolorella, C. parva, Clauzadeomyces verrucosus, Dacampia rufescentis, Echinothecium cladoniae, Endococcus macrosporus, E. verrucisporus, Intralichen lichenicola, Lichenoconium usneae, Merismatium decolorans, Phaeosporobolus usneae, Protothelenella santessonii, Scutula cladoniicola, Skyttea elachistophora, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae, S. cladoniicola, S. minutum, 5. stereocaulorum, Stigmidium gyrophorarum, Taeniolella diederichiana, and Zwackhiomyces martinatianus are new for Iceland. The muscicolous fungi Bryochiton microscopicus and Julella macrospora are also new for Iceland. The new species Lichenopeltella uncialicola is described.

(Kocourkova 2009). Periphysoids are short fila-ments originating from the wall of the upper cavity of the perithecia and are neverattached to the bottom of the cavity. They are referred to as pseudoparaphyses ofwhich two types are recognized (Roux and Triebel 1994) but generally calledperiphysoids by many authors. Type A periphysoids are narrow and two-celledand characterize the group that Roux and Triebel (1994) considered as

A lichenicolous fungus, Stigmidium epistigmellum (Nyl. ex Vouaux) Kocourk. & K. Knudsen, is re-described from maritime Caloplaca species from the western coast of North America and compared with other Stigmidium species on Caloplaca hosts.

Sphaerellothecium stereocaulorum sp. nov., Stigmidium beringicum sp. nov., Stigmidium stereocaulorum sp. nov. and goniocysts are described on Stereocaulon species from the northern Holarctic. Endococcus nanellus is reported new to Alaska and Mongolia.

Sixteen species of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi are included in the commented list. Seven species are new to Romania: Caloplaca flavocitrina, Caloplaca polycarpa, Caloplaca xerica, Lecanora rouxii, Polycoccum evae, Stigmidium rouxianum and Xanthoria calcicola. General distribution of the species Caloplaca xerica, Lecanora laatokkaensis, Lecanora rouxii (= Lepraria flavescens), Polycoccum evae and Stigmidium rouxianum is described. Although twice recorded in Romania, Lecanora laatokkaensis was not included in either of the two lichen checklists of Romania. Lecanora bolcana is a forgotten species in Romania, which was only known as Lecanora muralis var. diffracta from several old collections.

Ninety-nine taxa in forty-five genera are reported from the San Jacinto Wilderness Area in the San Jacinto Mountains, CA. Two lichen species, Lecanora mughicola Nyl. and Lepraria borealis Loht. & Tonsberg, and one lichenicolous fungus, Stigmidium squamariae (de Lesd.) Cl. Roux & Triebel, are reported new for California.

Twenty-seven species of lichenicolous fungi (five of which are lichenized) are reported from Interior Alaska. Arthophacopsis parmeliarum (Sommerf.) Arnold, Capronia peltigerae (Fuckel) D. Hawksw., Merismatium heterophractum (Nyl.) Vouaux, Phomapeltigerae (P. Karst.) D. Hawksw., Roselliniella peltigericola D. Hawksw. & Miadlikowska, and Stigmidium pseudopeltideae Cl. Roux & Triebel are reported from North America for the first time. Corticifraga peltigerae (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. & R. Sant., Refractohilum peltigerae (Keissl.) D. Hawksw., and Vezdaea acicularis Coppins are here reported new to the United States.

Stigmidium cartilagineae Calatayud &Triebel (on the apothecial discs of Squamarina cartilaginea), a lichenicolous fungus belonging to Stigmidium s. str., is described as new. Two other species of Stigmidium s. 1. with a net of branched and anastomosing, rudimentary interascal filaments are also described as new to science: Stigmidium rouxianum Calatayud & Triebel (on Acarospora cervina) and S. squamarinicola Calatayud & Triebel (on the thallus of Squamarina spp.). They are related to Stigmidium psorae and treated here as ‘Stigmidium’ psorae group. To facilitate discussion of the distinguishing features of this group, a table comparing the terms referring to hamathecial hyphae in pyrenocarpous ascomycetes is presented.

Methods The material was examined and photographed using Nikon Eclipse 80i and Zeiss microscopes Stemi 2000–CS and Axio Imager A1 equipped with Nomarski differential interference contrast optics. Microscopical examinations were done in water, 10% KOH (K), Lugol’s iodine, directly (I) or after a KOH pretreatment (K/I), and Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCr) solutions. Sizes of asci were rounded to the nearest 1 μm, those of ascospores to the nearest 0.5 μm. There measurements are given in the form “(minimum–) mean minus standard deviation––mean plus standard deviation (– maximum)” and followed by the number of measurements (n). Examined specimens are housed in private herbarium of J. Etayo (hb. Etayo) and mycological herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE).

Sixteen species of lichens, five lichenicolous fungi and two non-lichenized fungi are reported for the first time for Pasvik Reserve (NW Murmansk Region). Clypeococcum hypocenomycis, Protoparmelia ochrococca and Xylographa vermicularis are new to the Murmansk Region and Xylographa vermicularis is new to Europe. Ten species are rarely recorded for Murmansk Region, European Russia or Russia: Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga, Chaenothecopsis debilis, Lathagrium undulatum, Merismatium nigritellum, Microcalicium disseminatum, Phaeophyscia nigricans, Placynthium asperellum, Protothelenella leucothelia, Stereocaulon capitellatum and Stigmidium leprariae . Fourteen species are new to the biogeographic province of Lapponia petsamoensis. Two species, Arctoparmelia subcentrifuga and Stereocaulon capitellatum , are included in the Red Data Book of the Murmansk Region. Brief notes, mainly on habitats and distribution, are provided for all species listed.

Stigmidium xanthoparmeliarum and Weddellomyces xanthoparmeliae are reported new to California and North America. Lichenostigma amplum and L. bolacinae are reported new for California and North America north of Mexico.

Clauzadella gordensis Nav.-Ros. et Roux gen. et sp. nov., a parasymbiont ascomycete on Verrucaria viridula, differs from species in the genus Stigmidium by its obviously bigger ascomata, periphyses, and asci, thicker, violet tinged ascoma wall, distinct ostiolar channel, and triseptate mature ascospores. Clauzadella differs from typical members of the Verrucariaceae only by its scarce, inamyloid hymenial gelatine. The genus, as well as Stigmidium, is considered to belong to the family Verrucariaceae (Verrucariales). Keywords: lichenicolous ascomycete, Verrucariaceae, Clauzadella, morphology, structure, systematics.

Phoma evemiae sp.nov. on Evemia prunastri and Polycoccum slaptoniense sp.nov. (on Xanthoria parietind) are described as new to science. Three further species are reported from the British Isles for the first time: Dactylospora microspore Etayo,Monodictys anaptychiae (Lindau) D. Hawksw., and Sphaerellothecium araneosum (Arnold) Zopf. Notes are also presented on Bispora lichenumDiederich, Opegrapha physciaria (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. & Coppins, Polycoccum kerneri Steiner, Pronectria xanthoriae Lowen & Diederich, Stigmidium degelii R. Sant., and S. hagenii(Rehm) Hafellner.

Abrothallus secedens Wedin & R. Sant. sp. nov., commensalistic on species of Pseudocyphellaria, from Argentina and Kenya and Abrothallus granulatae Wedin sp. nov., parasitic on Pseudocyphellariagranulata, from Argentina (Tierra del Fuego) are described. Vouauxiomycesgranulatae Wedin sp. nov., is regarded as the anamorph of A. granulatae. Sphaerellothecium minutum Hafellner is recorded for the first time from Antarctica and South America, Phaeosporobolus alpinus R. Sant., Alstrup & D. Hawksw. from Antarctica and Argentina, Arthonia epiphyscia Nyl., Dacampia rufescentis (Vouaux) D. Hawksw., Polycoccum pulvinatum (Eitner) R. Sant. And Stigmidium pumilum (Lettau) Matzer & Hafellner from South America and Nesolechia oxyspora (Tul.) Massal. and Pyrenidium actinellum Nyl. from Chile.

WOS: 000279442300008, Stigmidium humidum is described from Spain and Turkey on Thelenella muscorum (Fr.) Vain. (syn Chromatochlamys muscorum (Fr.) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt). The species is the first Stigmidium s. str. species on a host lichen of the family Thelenellaceae and is compared with other species with 'Type a' pseudoparaphyses., MEC, Spain [CGL2006-12179-CO2-01]; TUBITAK [107T605], We thank Harrie Sipman for checking our Latin. SPO is very obliged to the project ANT-COMPLEX (CGL2006-12179-CO2-01, MEC, Spain) for support. The studies of MC were financially supported by TUBITAK (107T605 coded project).

Two species of lichenicolous fungi discovered in Turkey are described as new to science: Lichenostigma triseptata sp. nov. (on Aspicilia caesiocinerea) and Stigmidium johnii sp. nov. (on Caloplaca sp.). In addition, S. caloplacae is considered to be a synonym of S. cerinae.

Thirty seven species of lichenicolous fungi are reported from southern Siberia. Sagediopsis vasilyevae (on Rhizocarpon inarense) is described as new to science. Rosellinula haplospora is new to Russia. Abrothallus peyritschii, Arthonia apotheciorum and Lichenostigma cosmopolites are new to Siberia. Cetraria is a new host genus for Stigmidium microcarpum. Ameroconium cladoniae and Plectocarpon hypogymniae are newly documented on Cladonia alaskana and Hypogymnia tubulosa correspondingly.

An artificial key for the identification of 218 lichen-forming, parasitic, parasymbiotic and saprophytic fungi reported as occurring on lichens in the British Isles is provided. Agyrium flavescens Rehm, Cyphelium marcianum B. de Lesd., Scutula krempelhuberi Körber and Stigmidium solorinaria (Vainio) comb. nov. are reported from the British Isles for the first time, and three further new combinations are made: Bacidia killiasii (Hepp) comb, nov., Pleospilis ascaridiella (Nyl.) comb. nov. and Polycoccum gelidaria (Mudd) comb. nov. References to publications in which further information on the species can be found are included. Illustrations of the spores of 141 species and an index to the names of fungi and hosts are also presented.

The parasymbiotic fungi Norrlinia peltigericola, Lichenopeltella minuta sp. nov. and Stigmidium joergensenii sp. nov. are reported on Omphalina foliacea from Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador. The taxonomic position of Lichenopeltella is discussed and the new combination Lichenopeltella cetrariicola is made.