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Objective/Scope The Increase of inactive wells due to subsurface integrity issue is observed in brown fields, Fig-1 is, showing the record for onshore UAE asset, the economic challenges is calling for alternative solutions to restore well integrity with lower cost. Straddle packer application is consists of two tandom packers with spacer pipe in between with anchoring system deployed riglessly in the well to isolate the communication point between Ann A and Tubing.Fig-2, Methods, Procedures, Process Communication between tubing and annulus A (Failure of primary barrier) is identified as the right candidate wells for straddle packer application, First step is to clearly identify the point of communication, it has been done by annulus pressure investigation excersize during flowing and shut in condition, observing the return of annulus fluid which was the same produced gas Noise log has been conducted and clearly identified the communication point at SPM (Side Pocket Mandrel) to be used for emergency killing, Tubing integrity test was conducted using nippless plugs and inflow test below and above the leak point and confirm no other leak points within the tubing Engineering drawing for the leaking assembly was reviewed to design the dimension of straddle packer assembly, length and packer size It is recommended to deploy the assembly using electric line correlation for accurate depth selection After setting annulus pressure observed no build up Well opened safely to production Results/Observation/Conclusion Leak point arrested, well primary barrier restored Removed from DWS (drilling and workover schedule) and restore well production in addition to improving inactive string KPI for Gas asset Save almost work over cost for gas well XX-197 Novel/ Additive information The way forward is to check the scalability of extending this application among other ADNOC assets and to screen the right candidate wells for this application To add this application as a part of well integrity procedures and recommendations for such like cases

This paper introduces a systematic way to measure most features of the silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). We implement an efficient two-laser procedure to measure the recovery time. Avalanche probability was found to play an important role in explaining the right behavior of the SiPM recovery process. Also, we demonstrate how equivalent circuit parameters measured by optical tests can be used in SPICE modeling to predict details of the time constants relevant to the pulse shape. The SiPM properties measured include breakdown voltage, gain, diode capacitor, quench resistor, quench capacitor, dark count rate, photodetection efficiency, cross-talk and after-pulsing probability, and recovery time. We apply these techniques on the SiPMs from two companies: Hamamatsu and SensL.

The Voxtel VX-798 is a prototype X-ray pixel array detector (PAD) featuring a silicon sensor photodiode array of 48 × 48 pixels, each 130 µm × 130 µm × 520 µm thick, coupled to a CMOS readout application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The first synchrotron X-ray characterization of this detector is presented, and its ability to selectively count individual X-rays within two independent arrival time windows, a programmable energy range, and localized to a single pixel is demonstrated. During our first trial run at Argonne National Laboratory's Advance Photon Source, the detector achieved a 60 ns gating time and 700 eV full width at half-maximum energy resolution in agreement with design parameters. Each pixel of the PAD holds two independent digital counters, and the discriminator for X-ray energy features both an upper and lower threshold to window the energy of interest discarding unwanted background. This smart-pixel technology allows energy and time resolution to be set and optimized in software. It is found that the detector linearity follows an isolated dead-time model, implying that megahertz count rates should be possible in each pixel. Measurement of the line and point spread functions showed negligible spatial blurring. When combined with the timing structure of the synchrotron storage ring, it is demonstrated that the area detector can perform both picosecond time-resolved X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements.

Electronic service quality, or e-service quality, is the quality experienced by the user of a service delivered over the Web. Over the past several years, researchers have developed many models of e-service quality with the goal of identifying those factors that are most important for customer loyalty. Most of these models focus primarily or exclusively on retail e-commerce Web sites which support the delivery of a physical product to the consumer. Recently, however, “pure” e-service Web sites, namely those that do not involve the sale and delivery of a physical good, have received increasing attention from researchers. This article proposes and validates a quality assessment instrument for a type of pure e-service that has not yet been studied: a Web-based decision support system. Based on a study involving over six hundred subjects, we identify those quality dimensions that affect customer loyalty for a pure e-service of this type.

We demonstrate delayed-frame X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy with 120 microsecond time resolution, limited only by sample scattering rates, with a prototype Pixel-array detector capable of taking two image frames separated by 153 ns or less. Although the overall frame rate is currently limited to about 4 frame pairs per second, we easily measured millisecond correlation functions. This technology, coupled to the use of brighter synchrotrons such as Petra III or the NSLS-II should enable X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy on microsecond time scales on a wider variety of materials.

The ABO histo-blood group, the critical determinant of transfusion incompatibility, was the first genetic polymorphism discovered in humans. Remarkably, ABO antigens are also polymorphic in many other primates, with the same two amino acid changes responsible for A and B specificity in all species sequenced to date. Whether this recurrence of A and B antigens is the result of an ancient polymorphism maintained across species or due to numerous, more recent instances of convergent evolution has been debated for decades, with a current consensus in support of convergent evolution. We show instead that genetic variation data in humans and gibbons as well as in Old World monkeys are inconsistent with a model of convergent evolution and support the hypothesis of an ancient, multiallelic polymorphism of which some alleles are shared by descent among species. These results demonstrate that the A and B blood groups result from a trans-species polymorphism among distantly related species and has remained under balancing selection for tens of millions of years—to date, the only such example in hominoids and Old World monkeys outside of the major histocompatibility complex.

An ultra thin and highly efficient photocathode structure is designed and optimized for the 400 nm optical wavelength regime. The cathode thickness is comparable to the mean free path of the photoelectron allowing design concepts which are built on non-thermalized photoelectrons. Designs for ultra-low emittance and high quantum efficiency are proposed and first test structures are grown and characterized. Additionally, a discussion on the specifics of the transfer and bonding process of ultra-thin cathodes is presented.

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a feline lentivirus related to HIV, causes immune dysfunction in domestic and wild cats. The Pallas' cat is the only species from Asia known to harbor a species-specific strain of FIV designated FIV(Oma) in natural populations. Here, a 25% seroprevalence of FIV is reported from 28 wild Mongolian Pallas' cats sampled from 2000 to 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of proviral RT-Pol from eight FIV(Oma) isolates from Mongolia, Russia, China and Kazakhstan reveals a unique monophyletic lineage of the virus within the Pallas' cat population, most closely related to the African cheetah and leopard FIV strains. Histopathological examination of lymph node and spleen from infected and uninfected Pallas' cats suggests that FIV(Oma) causes immune depletion in its' native host.

An evolving role for the planned giving officer can blend technical and nontechnical expertise in a shifting tax environment.

An enantioselective synthesis of chiral hydroxyurea based 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors is reported via a five-step sequence in about 30% overall yield. The synthesis is based on a novel tandem nucleop...

The design, manufacture, and test of a two-dimensional pixelated dual-threshold (DT) X-ray photon counting (XPC) detector is described. The DT-XPC detector consists of a 48 × 48-element silicon detector array hybridized to a custom readout integrated circuit (ROIC) using flip-chip bumping and bonding hybridization. The 520-micrometer-thick deep-depleted silicon detector elements are optimized for detection of X-rays in the range of 5 keV to 20 keV. In each 130-μm pitch unit cell, PIN detectors are connected to low-noise pre-amplification and shaping circuits. These circuits convert the charge generated in the photodiode—due to X-ray absorption—into a voltage that is proportional to the energy of the absorbed X-ray photon. The dual-bandwidth pre-amplifier is designed to operate at frequencies of 10 MHz and 100 MHz, allowing X-ray photon counting of X-rays bunched, i.e., 11.4 ns and 153 ns, respectively. The amplified voltage signal is fed to two in-pixel discriminators that determine whether the pulse exceeds one or both of the experiment's user-defined thresholds. The output signal, from both comparators is input to two multipurpose digital counting circuits that can be configured as two separate 15-bit counters, or integrated as a single 30-bit counter. When configured for operation with 15-bit counters, one for each comparator, the device either supports energy-resolving modes of operation or counts only X-rays that fall within a defined energy range. Each counter is individually enabled with a user-programmable gate signal, allowing the XPC to operate in pump/probe mode where external gating signals are used to direct reference counts to one 15-bit counter and signal counts to the other 15-bit counter. To reduce experiment dead time, counters in the pixel are sampled with a 30-bit output latch before readout. This allows the ROIC to operate in integrate-while-read mode.

Presented is a method to build silicon multi-pixel x-ray detectors for use on the Argonne National Laboratory's Advanced Photon Source x-ray synchrotron. These detectors are PIN diodes constructed using heavily doped oxide sources. The construction method chosen helps reduce the background leakage current and allows for a minimum of process steps. We discuss test results of the characterization of the sensors.

The effects of top pruning on subsequent seed and pollen cone production in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) grafted clones in two seed orchards were evaluated. In the older orchard (14 years old), three pruning regimes were applied: an untreated control, a moderate pruning where 25% of the crown was removed and a severe pruning where 40% of the crown was removed. In the younger orchard (ten years old), only a control pruning and a severe pruning (50% of crown removed) were applied. Five-year seed cone production was lower in treated ramets compared to controls in both orchards. However, when cumulative seed cone yields were adjusted for reduced tree heights after pruning, differences were no longer significant in the older orchard. Strong clonal variation was observed in seed cone yields in both orchards. Pollen cone development was less variable among treatments in the older orchard. In the younger orchard, controls consistently produced heavier pollen crops. Pruning recommendations for similar orchards are made and results discussed for reducing the impacts of losses in seed cone yields.

This paper attempts to address the continuing occurrence of major HSE incidents in the Oil Industry with emphasis on the trend of automation to help reduce these expensive and lethal incidents. Today we cannot imagine a machine shop or the automobile industry operating without computerized or robotic controlled machinery (such as the common CNC system) to turn out high precision mechanical parts and our fancy cars that we drive everywhere any day of the week. It took awhile but the task of automation has started to make its way below the rotary table on the drilling rig. The computer is now handling functions handled traditionally by the Directional Driller. Rotary steerable tools that are comprised of articulated connections and adjustable angle stabilizers run behind the bit now routinely allow the Oil Industry to weave a directional well from vertical to horizontal to even more severe angles while operating tens of thousands of feet from the drilling rig and tens of thousands of feet below the earth's surface. With the continuing increase in marginal field developments particularly in the North Sea, there has been a continuous trend towards unmanned facilities to reduce operating cost and reduce safety related incidents. The recent refinery incident in Texas for BP and the loss of the entire Piper Alpha and Bombay High platforms in the North Sea and the Indian Ocean are major capital losses coupled with injuries and loss of life. Most everything in life has risks attached and our operations in the Oil Industry have especially higher risk due to the precious but highly flammable hydrocarbons that we find, produce, refine, and market for world consumption. Thanks to higher prices for oil and gas, producing the higher risk oil and gas fields which were once before deemed uneconomic will now find their way to market. Without comprehensive HSE programs that include automation, history's major incidents will continue to shock our industry and many families alike.

We present a progress report on some of the X-ray detector developments on-going at the Argonne National Laboratories Advanced Photon Source. We focus on pixel array detector architecture, and emphasize collaborations, particularly with industries and universities. We discuss our progress establishing a silicon-sensor fabrication facility at Northern Illinois University, our application specific integrated circuit design work, X-ray testing and detector calibration, and readout electronics based on a collection of interchangeable digital circuit boards.

Previously we showed that the redox active Cu 2+ was much more effective than Cd 2+ at inducing reactive oxygen species (“ROS”) formation in hepatocytes and furthermore “ROS” scavengers prevented Cu 2+ -induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity (Pourahmad and O’Brien, 2000). In the following it is shown that hepatocyte cytotoxicity induced by Cu 2+ , but not Cd 2+ , was preceded by lysosomal membrane damage as demonstrated by acridine orange release. Cytotoxicity, “ROS” formation, and lipid peroxidation were also readily prevented by methylamine or chloroquine (lysosomotropic agents) or 3-methyladenine (an inhibitor of autophagy). Hepatocyte lysosomal proteolysis was also activated by Cu 2+ , but not Cd 2+ , as tyrosine was released from the hepatocytes and was prevented by leupeptin and pepstatin (lysosomal protease inhibitors). Cu 2+ -induced cytotoxicity was also prevented by leupeptin and pepstatin. A marked increase in Cu 2+ -induced hepatocyte toxicity also occurred if the lysosomal toxins gentamicin or aurothioglucose were added at the same time as the Cu 2+ . Furthermore, destabilizing lysosomal membranes beforehand by preincubating the hepatocytes with gentamicin or aurothioglucose prevented Cu 2+ -induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. It is proposed that Cu 2+ -induced cytotoxicity involves lysosomal damage that causes the release of cytotoxic digestive enzymes as a result of lysosomal membrane damage by “ROS” generated by lysosomal Cu 2+ redox cycling.

The TIRIS is a pushbroom long wave infrared imaging spectrometer designed to operate in the 7.5 to 14.0 micrometer spectral region from an airborne platform, using uncooled optics. The focal plane array is a 64 by 20 extrinsic Si:As detector operating at 10 K, providing 64 spectral bands with 0.1 micrometer spectral resolution, and 20 spatial pixels with 3.6 milliradians spatial resolution. A custom linear variable filter mounted over the focal plane acts to suppress near field radiation from the uncooled external optics. This dual- use sensor is developed to demonstrate the detection of plumes of toxic gases and pollutants in a downlooking mode.

The Hadhramaut province of Yemen, an area with a population of more than half a million inhabitants, is presently facing a serious water crisis. A groundwater exploration project is presently drilling 23 exploration wells widely spaced over the Masila Block, an oil exploration lease are within the province. The main target is the Cretaceous Mukalla Formation, a 300 m thick highly permeable sandstone. Field reconnaissance was integrated with satellite images; geologic, hydrogeologic, geophysical, topographic maps; and local socioeconomic and political information to choose the well locations. Studying available seismic reflection data was particularly useful for choosing drilling locations over grabens buried in wadi fill. The various pieces of information were integrated in a geographic information system (GIS). To date, eight wells have been drilled and completed. Borehole geophysical logging has played an important role in all phases of well completion. All completed boreholes have tested from 200 to over 1,000 imperial gallons per minute.

Eddy current NDE has been used for many years to effectively detect defects in conducting materials [1]. However, a major limitation associated with the technique is that imaging techniques are generally qualitative classification schemes which rely on calibration procedures. This is because eddy current phenomena are governed by diffusion, and as such, quantitative inversion/imaging schemes which rely on properties of wave propagation such as diffraction, scattering, and time-of-flight are not applicable. This paper will examine the possibility of using phase shifts associated with time-harmonic eddy current phenomena to solve quantitative inverse problems in the same manner that phase shifts of wave propagation are used.

Systemic mastocytosis is a rare disorder that infrequently affects the GI tract. Bowel involvement in mastocytosis is characterized by thickened folds and small mucosal nodules, and there is an increased incidence of peptic ulcer disease and malabsorption. This paper describes a new case of mastocytosis that presented radiographically as 1.0-1.5 cm gastric and duodenal nodules. Some of the duodenal nodules were bull's-eye lesions with central collections of barium. Mastocytosis, along with primary neoplasms, aberrant pancreas, eosinophilic granuloma, and metastases should be included in the differential for bull's-eye lesions of the GI tract.

12. Mid-Atlantic Canyons Introductory presentation given at the 1st ATLAS General Assembly, June 2016. The western North Atlantic Ocean between Cape Hatteras and Cape Cod (USA, Middle Atlantic Bight, MAB) is characterised by numerous and diverse submarine canyons that straddle the outer shelf and slope. Research interests in these canyons and associated ecosystems have increased in the last 20 years, largely in response to potential energy exploration and development. This ATLAS case study focuses on the area between Baltimore Canyon and Cape Hatteras, but also draws on relevant data from recent studies on the Blake Plateau off the southeastern US. This area represents a unique transition from the rocky and carbonate bottom Blake Plateau that is oceanographically dominated by the Gulf Stream to the softer sediment, canyon dominated area north of Cape Hatteras, influenced by colder currents. Extensive recent studies in and around Baltimore and Norfolk canyons revealed that the physical environment in the canyons was different from that on the open slope, that it varied over relatively small spatial scales, and that the oceanography and geology have great influence on the character of the benthic community, especially sessile invertebrates (corals, sponges, infauna). These canyons provided extensive rugged, hard substrata habitats that supported diverse deep-sea coral communities, although most of the mobile fauna was influenced by habitat structure and not presence or absence of corals. Newly discovered methane seeps in this area also supported both chemosynthetic communities and a variety of other organisms drawn to habitat structure derived from the seeps. In addition to habitat attributes, depth was a major factor structuring communities in and around the canyons. Anthropogenic impacts (trash, discarded fishing gear, etc.) were widely observed, especially near the heads of Baltimore and Norfolk canyons. Even so, the rugged canyon and seep habitats provided refuge for a number of exploited species (e.g., American lobster, squids, cusk [tusk], sharks). Because of the high productivity, fragile habitats, presence of corals, and vulnerability to impact, the MAB canyons and surroundings were recently given protected area status by US agencies. Blue Growth Sectors: Biotechnology, Fisheries, Mining, Oil and Gas

ATLAS is testing a generic Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) framework1 developed by the FP7 MESMA project to assess spatially managed areas (SMAs) in all 12 of the ATLAS Case Studies. The Case Studies represent the range of biogeographic, regulatory and jurisdictional situations encountered across the Atlantic including the deep-waters of the EU, US, Canada and Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (NEAFC and NAFO Regulatory Areas). SMAs are discrete spatial entities occurring at different spatial scales where a spatial management framework such as Marine Spatial Planning is in place, is under development or is considered. The MESMA framework comprises seven key steps of which the first is concerned with setting high level objectives for the SMA. Deliverable 6.1 reports on the first planning iteration in which case study leaders have applied MESMA Step 1 to delineate the extent of the spatially managed areas under consideration in their case studies, have described existing sectoral activities, mapped the institutional landscape and provided information on (any) existing management plans. Each case study has set as a management goal for its SMA, the accommodation of a theoretical new blue economy/blue growth activity while ensuring minimum disruption to existing activities, and impact on delivery of ecosystem goods and services (including protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems and biodiversity) thus ensuring good environmental status as required by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.