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The article presents a study on the change in physical activity (PA) patterns among women and men during pregnancy. Topics discussed include study took from March 2008 to February 2009 and involved the participants to complete the questionnaires, the study comprised of list of PA such as strolling/walking, exercising and participation in non-strenuous activities, and the study found that the changes in the PA patterns of women during pregnancy affected the men.

Objectives: To compare the ability of 68 Ga -PSMA PET/CT (PSMA PET/CT) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) to exclude lymph node invasion (LNI) in patients who undergo radical prostatectomy (RP)., Materials and Methods: A multicenter cohort of patients who underwent PSMA PET/CT and pelvic mpMRI prior to RP with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) was analyzed. Increased Ga68-PSMA uptake on PET/CT and enlarged (> 10 mm) or abnormal lymph nodes on mpMRI were considered positive findings. The final surgical pathology served as the standard of reference. The negative predictive value (NPV) was calculated for each modality separately, as well as the combined value., Results: Included were 89 patients with D'Amico intermediate (45%) or high-risk (55%) prostate cancer. The median number of extracted LN was 9 (IQR 6-14). LNI was found in 12 (13.5%) patients. The NPV of mpMRI, PSMA PET/CT, and the two tests combined were 87%, 89%, and 90%, in the entire cohort, 95%, 97%, and 97% in patients with intermediate-risk disease, and 80%, 82%, and 83% in patients with high-risk disease, respectively. The median diameter of LN missed by both imaging and the median intranodal tumor diameter was 5.5 (IQR 3-10) mm and 1 (IQR 1-3) mm, respectively., Conclusions: PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI demonstrated similar performance in excluding pelvic LNI with NPV of approximately 90%. The combination of both tests does not improve NPV significantly. Therefore, even in the era of advanced imaging, PLND is still recommended for accurate staging, especially in the high-risk population.

Purpose: We evaluated urine NGAL as a marker of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy. We sought to identify the preoperative clinical features and surgical factors during partial nephrectomy that are associated with renal injury, as measured by increased urine NGAL vs controls., Materials and Methods: Using patients treated with radical nephrectomy or thoracic surgery as controls, we prospectively collected and analyzed urine and serum samples from patients treated with partial or radical nephrectomy, or thoracic surgery between April 2010 and April 2012. Urine was collected preoperatively and at multiple time points postoperatively. Differences in urine NGAL levels were analyzed among the 3 surgical groups using a generalized estimating equation model. The partial nephrectomy group was subdivided based on a preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60, or 60 ml/minute/1.73 m(2) or greater., Results: Of 162 patients included in final analysis more than 65% had cardiovascular disease. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate was greater than 60 ml/minute/1.73 m(2) in the radical and partial nephrectomy, and thoracic surgery groups (61, 78 and 84.5 ml/minute/1.73 m(2), respectively). Preoperatively, a 10 unit increase in the estimated glomerular filtration rate was associated with a 4 unit decrease in urine NGAL in the partial nephrectomy group. Postoperatively, urine NGAL in the partial nephrectomy group was not higher than in controls and did not correlate with ischemia time. Patients with partial nephrectomy with a preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/minute/1.73 m(2) had higher urine NGAL postoperatively than those with a higher preoperative estimated rate., Conclusions: Urine NGAL does not appear to be a useful marker for detecting renal injury in healthy patients treated with partial nephrectomy. However, patients with poorer preoperative renal function have higher baseline urine levels and appear more susceptible to acute kidney injury, as detected by urine levels and Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria, than those with a normal estimated glomerular filtration rate., (Copyright © 2013 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

As court-appointed medical advisors in the speciality of ophthalmology for the Israeli Labour Courts, we are called upon to assist in making decisions on work-related eye injuries or illnesses. In this report we present seven cases of eye injuries which workers claimed were caused by work accidents. Each case helps to illustrate the various guidelines we use in making a medical judgement as to whether or not a specific ocular problem was, indeed, the result of a work accident.

A family affected with pituitary dwarfism transmitted probably as an X-linked recessive or autosomal recessive condition, is described. The propositus had globular-like changes in his cornea, this latter as a sequela of endocrine disturbances, is suggested and discussed.

Virus isolation attempts were made with nasopharyngeal secretions from 400 apparently healthy 0-5-year-old children of a semi-closed community. Repeated virus isolations were achieved in 25 cases subjected to periodic investigations in 1982-83. One-two reisolation(s), 1-5 months apart, of the initially detected viral agents could be obtained in 15 out of the 25 children. The following viruses were reisolated (in decreasing order of frequency): adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, Coxsackie B1 virus, herpes virus type 1, parainfluenza virus type 3. The problems raised by the carriage of respiratory viruses in the nasopharynx of apparently healthy children are discussed.

Trichoepithelioma histologically resembles basal cell epithelioma, but only rarely do the two lesions coexist. The case reported here documents a patient with hereditary trichoepithelioma who presented with a basal cell epithelioma of the medial canthus invading the lower eyelid. The clinical and histologic features of both entities will be discussed, as well as the possibility of malignant transformation of a trichoepithelioma to a basal cell epithelioma.

Irrigation of the eye and adnexa is a way of removing damaging material and treating different diseases by applying medicants in the irrigant in humans and in laboratory animals. A system for controlled eye irrigation in animals is presented, suggesting possible use in human patients as well.

A case of total eversion of both upper eyelids of late onset is reported. There were no associated ocular or general anomalies. No apparent cause was found. The treatment was directed toward diminishing the swelling of the lids and preventing corneal involvement, secondary infections, and epidermalization of the conjunctiva. Within the first week, the eyelids returned to their normal position. In a three-month follow-up period, no complication or other anomalies were found.

Virus isolation attempts were made with 500 nasopharyngeal secretion samples from apparently healthy schoolchildren aged 7-14 years, vaccinated by nasal route with an inactivated influenza vaccine and with 500 samples from unvaccinated schoolchildren of the same age. The number of virus isolates obtained was much smaller in the former than in the latter group (13 as against 50 virus isolates). The role of influenza vaccination in the protection of schoolchildren against respiratory tract infections is discussed.

A method of repositioning extruding silicone tubes is described by reintubation with a second Crawford intubation set. The method and indications are described.

In ten cases of nontraumatic retinal tears with initial vitreous hemorrhages so dense that all retinal detail was obscured, medical management included hospitalization, sedation, and binocular patching. It took an average of 4.3 days for the vitreous to clear so that the tears could be examined. All the tears were on or anterior to the equator, and all were in the superior quadrants. Surgery was performed promptly once the tears were visible even though much of the retina was still covered with hemorrhage. After total clearing of the vitreous, no additional retinal tears were found in any of the ten cases. Postoperative complications included hemorrhages in three cases, macular pucker in one case, and a paramacular star in one case.

A number of 92 viral agents could be isolated from 1,000 nasopharyngeal secretion samples collected from apparently healthy schoolchildren aged 7-14 years. The following viruses were identified, in decreasing order of frequency: 42 influenza A/USSR 90/77 (H1N1), 20 adeno-, 20 parainfluenza, 8 Coxsackie B1 and 2 herpes virus strains.

An osteoma is a slow growing, bony tumor which forms in the sinuses of the skull. Presenting complaints include headaches, cerebral symptoms, or visual disturbances, depending upon the location of the tumor. This paper describes an unusual case of ethmoid sinus osteoma, with epiphora as the primary symptom; it also caused the failure of a previous dacryocystorhinostomy. This case illustrates the need for thorough evaluation of epiphora, including sinus x-rays.

The NIVGRIP inactivated influenza vaccine prepared in the "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology was administered by oral route to 3-6-year-old children of a preschool community in October 1981, 1982 and 1983. There were no cases of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in the community in the winter seasons of 1981-82, 1982-83 and 1983-84, with the exception of 3 ARTI cases recorded in February 1982 in unvaccinated children. In a similar community where no vaccination had been performed morbidity by ARTI was of 20% in 1982-83 and 12.6% in 1983-84. The efficiency and the advantages of oral influenza vaccination are outlined.

In 17 cases of recurrent retinal tears occurring after successful retinal detachment surgery, the new tears developed on or near the treated primary tear in seven cases and away from the treated tear in ten cases. It took an average of 25.6 months for the second tears to develop, and almost all of the recurrent tears were the same distance from the limbus as the primary tear. The benefit of the 360 degree encircling band and the relationship of the thermal injury to production of a second tear is discussed.

A method of opening an opacified, retrolental, intrapupillary membrane in a pseudophakic eye, using the argon laser, is presented. The procedure was safe, and the membrane remained retracted one year after treatment.

Werner's syndrome is believed to be an autosomal-recessive inherited disorder. Among other manifestations of premature aging, patients with Werner's syndrome frequently develop chronic leg ulcers that heal poorly. We present a patient who suffered from this rare syndrome and developed typical leg ulcers. We wish to alert physicians to this syndrome so that its attendant problems can be considered when treatments are being planned for patients with chronic leg ulcers.

Influenza vaccinations were performed either by administration of a bivalent A2 + B vaccine, or by successive application of monovalent B and A2 vaccines. During an influenza epidemic caused by an A2 strain, the following observations could be made: a) the best efficiency (no influenza cases) was recorded in adults and aged persons (over 65 years) irrespective of the vaccination scheme; b) in schoolchildren the best results (no influenza cases) were obtained in the lot having received monovalent A2 vaccine, and in the lot vaccinated nasally with monovalent B vaccine and 14 days later with monovalent A vaccine.

The therapeutic effect of human fibroblast interferon (HFIF) was studied in 33 patients. Seven had ophthalmic lesions (three due to adenovirus Type 8, four to herpes simplex virus, and one to herpes zoster) and were treated with HFIF. In the four patients with herpes simplex keratitis, HFIF was given in addition to standard therapy or together with other antiviral agents. Ten other patients, 8 with herpes simplex or herpes zoster skin or mucous membrane lesions, were treated with HFIF. HFIF was incorporated into an ointment as well as into a solution for subconjunctival infections. Although the number of cases was small, our results showed that HFIF was effective in shortening the course of the disease.

Five cases of orbital varices are presented, demonstrating a surgical approach with the use of vascular clips. Three of four cases were clipped at the apex of the orbit, with no recurrence. A fourth case was clipped two-thirds of the way back in the orbit, with no progression of the varix and significant improvement of the patient's symptoms. A fifth case failed because of extensive hemorrhaging. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 9 years.

We present our experience in using artificial skin (Omniderm) in the prevention of early healing of a raw lid margin. The material is inert and acts properly for this procedure.

At the beginning of the 1977--1978 schoolyear 10% standard gammaglobulin (0.03 ml/kg body weight) was administered to 974 preschool children and 530 schoolchildren. Representative groups of children were tested serologically and virologically before gammaglobulin administration and 3 months afterwards. No statistically significant reductions of viral hepatitis morbidity were recorded in the protected groups as against controls.

Mandibulofacial dysostosis is a syndrome caused by delay in the development of the first visceral arch. This report describes a case which had fusion of the gums and temporomandibular joint, together with coloboma of both lids. This variant has not previously been reported.