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Aim: To describe the use of bioceramics in the non-surgical treatment of perforating internal root resorption. Summary: Confusion over the subject of root resorption seems ubiquitous in the general dental community. Because of the several subheadings, such as internal, external cervical and apical, and because of a variety of causes for each, such as trauma, pressure, infection, inflammation and systemic, the confusion can be understandable. It seems that this confusion arises primarily from the nomenclature describing the location and etiology of root resorption. This case report deals with perforating internal root resorption (IRR), its causes, diagnosis and successful nonsurgical treatment, effectively using cone-beam computed tomography to visualize the extent of the lesion and bioceramics to fill the defect. The differential diagnosis between internal and external root resorption is examined, as well as a review of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe the use of bioceramics in the non-surgical treatment of perforating internal root re-sorption. Surnrnary: Confusion over the subject ofroot resorp-tion seems ubiquitous in the general dental community. Because of the several subheadings, such as reinternal, external cervical and apical, and because of a variety of causes for each, such as trauma, prescorosure, infection, inflammation and systemic, the confusion can be understandable. It seems that this confusion arises primarily from the nomenclature Damdescribing the location and etiology of root resorption. This case report deals with perforating internal root resorption (IRR), its causes, diagnosis and successful nonsurgical treatment, effectively using cone-beam computed tomography to visualize sympthe extent of the lesion and bioceramics to fill the defect. The differential diagnosis between internal and external root resorption is examined, as well as resorpa review ofthe literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

©2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Benthic δ18O changes are often assumed to be globally synchronous, but studies comparing 2-9 radiocarbon-dated records over the most recent deglaciation (Termination 1) have proposed differences in the timing of benthic δ18O change between the Atlantic and Pacific, intermediate and deep, and North and South Atlantic. Because of the relatively small number of records used in these previous studies, it has remained unclear whether these differences are local or regional in scale. Here we present seven regional benthic δ18O stacks for 0-40 kyr B.P. that include 252 records with independent regional age models constrained by 852 planktonic foraminiferal 14C dates from 61 of these cores. We find a 4000 year difference between the earliest termination onset in the intermediate South Atlantic at 18.5 (95% confidence interval: 17.9-19.0) kyr B.P. and the latest in the deep Indian at 14.5 (14.1-15.0) kyr B.P. The termination onset occurs at 17.5 kyr B.P. in the intermediate and deep North Atlantic, deep South Atlantic, and deep Pacific. However, throughout the termination deep North Atlantic benthic δ18O leads the deep Pacific by an average of 1000-year and a maximum of 1700-year. Additionally, the intermediate Pacific termination onset at 16.5 (16.1-16.9) kyr B.P. demonstrates that intermediate-depth benthic δ18O change was not globally synchronous. These regional stacks provide better age models than a global stack across Termination 1 and potentially important constraints on deglacial ocean circulation changes. Key Points Seven regional benthic δ18O stacks with 14C age models Termination 1 onset at 18.5 ka in intermediate South Atlantic and 14.5 ka in deep Indian Deep Pacific lags deep Atlantic by average of 1 kyr during Termination 1

Terrestrial carbon storage is dramatically decreased during glacial periods due to cold temperatures, increased aridity, and the presence of large ice sheets on land. Most of the carbon released by the terrestrial biosphere is stored in the ocean, where the light isotopic signature of terrestrial carbon is observed as a 0.32-0.7‰ depletion in benthic foraminiferal δ13C. The wide range in estimated δ13C change results from the use of different subsets of benthic δ13C data and different methods of weighting the mean δ13C by volume. We present a more precise estimate of glacial-interglacial δ13C change of marine dissolved inorganic carbon using benthic Cibicidoides spp. δ13C records from 480 core sites (more than 3 times as many sites as previous studies). We divide the ocean into eight regions to generate linear regressions of regional δ13C versus depth for the Late Holocene (0-6 ka) and Last Glacial Maximum (19-23 ka) and estimate a mean δ13C decrease of 0.38 ± 0.08‰ (2σ) for 0.5-5 km. Estimating large uncertainty ranges for δ13C change in the top 0.5 km, below 5 km, and in the Southern Ocean, we calculate a whole-ocean change of 0.34 ± 0.19‰. This implies a terrestrial carbon change that is consistent with recent vegetation model estimates of 330-694 Gt C. Additionally, we find that a well-constrained surface ocean δ13C change is essential for narrowing the uncertainty range of estimated whole-ocean δ13C change. ©2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Constraints on the timing of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) changes during the last deglaciation are fundamental to understanding the climate's rapid response to insolation forcing. However, uncertainty about high-latitude North Atlantic (HLNA) radiocarbon reservoir ages has previously precluded robust age model development for this critical region. HLNA reservoir ages also serve as a proxy for AMOC strength. We present regionally averaged HLNA reservoir ages for 0 to 41 thousand years before the present (kyr BP) based on over 500 radiocarbon dates from 33 North Atlantic cores. An early deglacial increase to >1000 14C yr reservoir ages between 18.5 and 16.5 kyr BP suggests reduced AMOC before peak Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) ice-rafted debris (IRD). A rapid decrease in reservoir ages coincident with the IRD maximum at 16 kyr BP indicates strong stratification of the upper water column caused by massive freshwater release. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Objective: There is a growing use of ticagrelor in patients undergoing neuroendovascular procedures, especially those who demonstrate clopidogrel resistance. While multiple dosages are studied in the cardiology literature, the optimal dose for patients with neurological pathology has yet to be established. Here, we describe a single center experience involving 39 patients who underwent neuroendovascular procedures that then received an adjusted lower dose of ticagrelor. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed between 2013 and 2017 for patients on dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) for either cervical or intracranial vascular pathologies, as well as stenting of the neurovasculature, including carotid arteries. Patients were placed on ticagrelor if their measured P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) responses to clopidogrel were outside the expected range in our center using the VerifyNow™ P2Y12 test. All patients were maintained on a dose of 45 mg twice daily except for one patient who received 22.5 mg twice daily. Responsiveness to ticagrelor were measured utilizing the VerifyNow™ P2Y12 test. Results: The mean number of days for follow-up post treatment initiation was 532 days. A total of 39 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 8 patients (21%) received implantation of intracranial stents (5 patients received pipeline embolization devices, 1 patient received stent-assisted coiling, and 2 patients received intracranial stents for atherosclerotic disease). Fourteen patients (35%) received carotid angioplasty and stenting. Seventeen patients (44%) did not receive permanent implantation of a stent. All patients on the lower dose ticagrelor of 45 mg twice daily achieved responsiveness (i.e., PRU < 194). Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke occurred in one patient (2.5%). No other hemorrhagic complications were encountered. No thromboembolic events were recorded aside from one patient (2.5%) with intracranial atherosclerotic disease who had an ischemic event. Conclusions: A lower dose of ticagrelor (45 mg twice daily) appears to be safe and effective in this small cohort of patients who are resistant to clopidogrel per P2Y12 testing and who have increased risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes due to neurovascular pathologies and implants. Further randomized studies are required to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lymphatic system has been poorly understood and its importance neglected for decades. Growing understanding of lymphatic flow pathophysiology through peripheral and central lymphatic flow imaging has improved diagnosis and treatment options in children with lymphatic diseases. Flow dynamics can now be visualized by different means including dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL), the current standard technique to depict central lymphatics. Novel imaging modalities including intranodal, intrahepatic and intramesenteric DCMRL are quickly evolving and have shown important advances in the understanding and guidance of interventional procedures in children with intestinal lymphatic leaks. Lymphatic imaging is gaining importance in the radiologic and clinical fields and new techniques are emerging to overcome its limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The South Korean Economy: Towards a New Explanation of an Economic Miracle, by Junmo Kim. Burlington, Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2002. xii, 222 pp. $99.95 cloth. The history of Korea's [...]