31 results on '"Stephen Strother"'
Search Results
2. ROOD-MRI: Benchmarking the robustness of deep learning segmentation models to out-of-distribution and corrupted data in MRI
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Lyndon Boone, Mahdi Biparva, Parisa Mojiri Forooshani, Joel Ramirez, Mario Masellis, Robert Bartha, Sean Symons, Stephen Strother, Sandra E. Black, Chris Heyn, Anne L. Martel, Richard H. Swartz, and Maged Goubran
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Segmentation ,Generalizable deep learning ,Out-of-distribution data ,Benchmarking ,MRI ,Corruptions and artifacts ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Deep artificial neural networks (DNNs) have moved to the forefront of medical image analysis due to their success in classification, segmentation, and detection challenges. A principal challenge in large-scale deployment of DNNs in neuroimage analysis is the potential for shifts in signal-to-noise ratio, contrast, resolution, and presence of artifacts from site to site due to variances in scanners and acquisition protocols. DNNs are famously susceptible to these distribution shifts in computer vision. Currently, there are no benchmarking platforms or frameworks to assess the robustness of new and existing models to specific distribution shifts in MRI, and accessible multi-site benchmarking datasets are still scarce or task-specific. To address these limitations, we propose ROOD-MRI: a novel platform for benchmarking the Robustness of DNNs to Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) data, corruptions, and artifacts in MRI. This flexible platform provides modules for generating benchmarking datasets using transforms that model distribution shifts in MRI, implementations of newly derived benchmarking metrics for image segmentation, and examples for using the methodology with new models and tasks. We apply our methodology to hippocampus, ventricle, and white matter hyperintensity segmentation in several large studies, providing the hippocampus dataset as a publicly available benchmark. By evaluating modern DNNs on these datasets, we demonstrate that they are highly susceptible to distribution shifts and corruptions in MRI. We show that while data augmentation strategies can substantially improve robustness to OOD data for anatomical segmentation tasks, modern DNNs using augmentation still lack robustness in more challenging lesion-based segmentation tasks. We finally benchmark U-Nets and vision transformers, finding robustness susceptibility to particular classes of transforms across architectures. The presented open-source platform enables generating new benchmarking datasets and comparing across models to study model design that results in improved robustness to OOD data and corruptions in MRI.
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- 2023
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3. The Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform-An open science framework for the neuroscience community.
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Rachel J Harding, Patrick Bermudez, Alexander Bernier, Michael Beauvais, Pierre Bellec, Sean Hill, Agâh Karakuzu, Bartha M Knoppers, Paul Pavlidis, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Jane Roskams, Nikola Stikov, Jessica Stone, Stephen Strother, CONP Consortium, and Alan C Evans
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform (CONP) takes a multifaceted approach to enabling open neuroscience, aiming to make research, data, and tools accessible to everyone, with the ultimate objective of accelerating discovery. Its core infrastructure is the CONP Portal, a repository with a decentralized design, where datasets and analysis tools across disparate platforms can be browsed, searched, accessed, and shared in accordance with FAIR principles. Another key piece of CONP infrastructure is NeuroLibre, a preprint server capable of creating and hosting executable and fully reproducible scientific publications that embed text, figures, and code. As part of its holistic approach, the CONP has also constructed frameworks and guidance for ethics and data governance, provided support and developed resources to help train the next generation of neuroscientists, and has fostered and grown an engaged community through outreach and communications. In this manuscript, we provide a high-level overview of this multipronged platform and its vision of lowering the barriers to the practice of open neuroscience and yielding the associated benefits for both individual researchers and the wider community.
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- 2023
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4. The development of the pediatric stroke neuroimaging platform (PEDSNIP)
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Trish Domi, Amanda Robertson, Wayne Lee, Richard F. Wintle, Nicholas Stence, Timothy Bernard, Adam Kirton, Helen Carlson, Andrea Andrade, Mubeen F. Rafay, Bruce Bjornson, Danny Kim, Michael Dowling, Wilmot Bonnett, Michael Rivkin, Pradeep Krishnan, Manohar Shroff, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Stephen Strother, Steven Arnott, Max Wintermark, Andrea Kassner, Gabrielle deVeber, and Nomazulu Dlamini
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Neuroimaging ,MRI ,Pediatricstroke ,Data platform ,Multi-center study ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Childhood stroke occurs from birth to 18 years of age, ranks among the top ten childhood causes of death, and leaves lifelong neurological impairments. Arterial ischemic stroke in infancy and childhood occurs due to arterial occlusion in the brain, resulting in a focal lesion. Our understanding of mechanisms of injury and repair associated with focal injury in the developing brain remains rudimentary. Neuroimaging can reveal important insights into these mechanisms. In adult stroke population, multi-center neuroimaging studies are common and have accelerated the translation process leading to improvements in treatment and outcome. These studies are centered on the growing evidence that neuroimaging measures and other biomarkers (e.g., from blood and cerebrospinal fluid) can enhance our understanding of mechanisms of risk and injury and be used as complementary outcome markers. These factors have yet to be studied in pediatric stroke because most neuroimaging studies in this population have been conducted in single-centred, small cohorts. By pooling neuroimaging data across multiple sites, larger cohorts of patients can significantly boost study feasibility and power in elucidating mechanisms of brain injury, repair and outcomes. These aims are particularly relevant in pediatric stroke because of the decreased incidence rates and the lack of mechanism-targeted trials.Toward these aims, we developed the Pediatric Stroke Neuroimaging Platform (PEDSNIP) in 2015, funded by The Brain Canada Platform Support Grant, to focus on three identified neuroimaging priorities. These were: developing and harmonizing multisite clinical protocols, creating the infrastructure and methods to import, store and organize the large clinical neuroimaging dataset from multiple sites through the International Pediatric Stroke Study (IPSS), and enabling central searchability. To do this, developed a two-pronged approach that included building 1) A Clinical-MRI Data Repository (standard of care imaging) linked to clinical data and longitudinal outcomes and 2) A Research-MRI neuroimaging data set acquired through our extensive collaborative, multi-center, multidisciplinary network. This dataset was collected prospectively in eight North American centers to test the feasibility and implementation of harmonized advanced Research-MRI, with the addition of clinical information, genetic and proteomic studies, in a cohort of children presenting with acute ischemic stroke.Here we describe the process that enabled the development of PEDSNIP built to provide the infrastructure to support neuroimaging research priorities in pediatric stroke. Having built this Platform, we are now able to utilize the largest neuroimaging and clinical data pool on pediatric stroke data worldwide to conduct hypothesis-driven research. We are actively working on a bioinformatics approach to develop predictive models of risk, injury and repair and accelerate breakthrough discoveries leading to mechanism-targeted treatments that improve outcomes and minimize the burden following childhood stroke. This unique transformational resource for scientists and researchers has the potential to result in a paradigm shift in the management, outcomes and quality of life in children with stroke and their families, with far-reaching benefits for other brain conditions of people across the lifespan.
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- 2023
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5. Language discordance as a marker of disparities in cerebrovascular risk and stroke outcomes: A multi-center Canadian study
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Ryan T. Muir, Arunima Kapoor, Megan L. Cayley, Michelle N Sicard, Karen Lien, Alisia Southwell, Dar Dowlatshahi, Demetrios J. Sahlas, Gustavo Saposnik, Jennifer Mandzia, Leanne K. Casaubon, Ayman Hassan, Yael Perez, Daniel Selchen, Brian J. Murray, Krista Lanctot, Moira K. Kapral, Nathan Herrmann, Stephen Strother, Amy.Y.X Yu, Peter C. Austin, Susan E. Bronskill, and Richard H. Swartz
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Stroke ,Transient ischemic attack ,Vascular risk factors ,Depression ,Obstructive sleep apnea ,Cognitive impairment ,Specialties of internal medicine ,RC581-951 ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: Differences in ischemic stroke outcomes occur in those with limited English proficiency. These health disparities might arise when a patient's spoken language is discordant from the primary language utilized by the health system. Language concordance is an understudied concept. We examined whether language concordance is associated with differences in vascular risk or post-stroke functional outcomes, depression, obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive impairment. Methods: This was a multi-center observational cross-sectional cohort study. Patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) were consecutively recruited across eight regional stroke centers in Ontario, Canada (2012 – 2018). Participants were language concordant (LC) if they spoke English as their native language, ESL if they used English as a second language, or language discordant (LD) if non-English speaking and requiring translation. Results: 8156 screened patients. 6,556 met inclusion criteria: 5067 LC, 1207 ESL and 282 LD. Compared to LC patients: (i) ESL had increased odds of diabetes (OR = 1.28, p = 0.002), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.20, p = 0.007), and hypertension (OR = 1.37, p
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- 2023
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6. Resting state fMRI scanner instabilities revealed by longitudinal phantom scans in a multi-center study
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Aras Kayvanrad, Stephen R. Arnott, Nathan Churchill, Stefanie Hassel, Aditi Chemparathy, Fan Dong, Mojdeh Zamyadi, Tom Gee, Robert Bartha, Sandra E. Black, Jane M. Lawrence-Dewar, Christopher J.M. Scott, Sean Symons, Andrew D. Davis, Geoffrey B. Hall, Jacqueline Harris, Nancy J. Lobaugh, Glenda MacQueen, Cindy Woo, and Stephen Strother
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Resting state fMRI ,fMRI quality assurance ,MRI scanner instabilities ,Multi-center/Longitudinal fMRI studies ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Quality assurance (QA) is crucial in longitudinal and/or multi-site studies, which involve the collection of data from a group of subjects over time and/or at different locations. It is important to regularly monitor the performance of the scanners over time and at different locations to detect and control for intrinsic differences (e.g., due to manufacturers) and changes in scanner performance (e.g., due to gradual component aging, software and/or hardware upgrades, etc.). As part of the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI) and the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CAN-BIND), QA phantom scans were conducted approximately monthly for three to four years at 13 sites across Canada with 3T research MRI scanners. QA parameters were calculated for each scan using the functional Biomarker Imaging Research Network's (fBIRN) QA phantom and pipeline to capture between- and within-scanner variability. We also describe a QA protocol to measure the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of slice-wise point spread functions (PSF), used in conjunction with the fBIRN QA parameters. Variations in image resolution measured by the FWHM are a primary source of variance over time for many sites, as well as between sites and between manufacturers. We also identify an unexpected range of instabilities affecting individual slices in a number of scanners, which may amount to a substantial contribution of unexplained signal variance to their data. Finally, we identify a preliminary preprocessing approach to reduce this variance and/or alleviate the slice anomalies, and in a small human data set show that this change in preprocessing can have a significant impact on seed-based connectivity measurements for some individual subjects. We expect that other fMRI centres will find this approach to identifying and controlling scanner instabilities useful in similar studies.
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- 2021
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7. The structure of the serotonin system: A PET imaging study
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Vincent Beliveau, Brice Ozenne, Stephen Strother, Douglas N. Greve, Claus Svarer, Gitte Moos Knudsen, and Melanie Ganz
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Serotonin ,PET ,MRI ,Clustering ,Structure ,mRNA ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
The human brain atlas of the serotonin (5-HT) system does not conform with commonly used parcellations of neocortex, since the spatial distribution of homogeneous 5-HT receptors and transporter is not aligned with such brain regions. This discrepancy indicates that a neocortical parcellation specific to the 5-HT system is needed. We first outline issues with an existing parcellation of the 5-HT system, and present an alternative parcellation derived from brain MR- and high-resolution PET images of five different 5-HT targets from 210 healthy controls. We then explore how well this new 5-HT parcellation can explain mRNA levels of all 5-HT genes. The parcellation derived here represents a characterization of the 5-HT system which is more stable and explains the underlying 5-HT molecular imaging data better than other atlases, and may hence be more sensitive to capture region-specific changes modulated by 5-HT.
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- 2020
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8. Brain-CODE: A Secure Neuroinformatics Platform for Management, Federation, Sharing and Analysis of Multi-Dimensional Neuroscience Data
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Anthony L. Vaccarino, Moyez Dharsee, Stephen Strother, Don Aldridge, Stephen R. Arnott, Brendan Behan, Costas Dafnas, Fan Dong, Kenneth Edgecombe, Rachad El-Badrawi, Khaled El-Emam, Tom Gee, Susan G. Evans, Mojib Javadi, Francis Jeanson, Shannon Lefaivre, Kristen Lutz, F. Chris MacPhee, Jordan Mikkelsen, Tom Mikkelsen, Nicholas Mirotchnick, Tanya Schmah, Christa M. Studzinski, Donald T. Stuss, Elizabeth Theriault, and Kenneth R. Evans
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Brain-CODE ,neuroinformatics ,big data ,electronic data capture ,open data ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Historically, research databases have existed in isolation with no practical avenue for sharing or pooling medical data into high dimensional datasets that can be efficiently compared across databases. To address this challenge, the Ontario Brain Institute’s “Brain-CODE” is a large-scale neuroinformatics platform designed to support the collection, storage, federation, sharing and analysis of different data types across several brain disorders, as a means to understand common underlying causes of brain dysfunction and develop novel approaches to treatment. By providing researchers access to aggregated datasets that they otherwise could not obtain independently, Brain-CODE incentivizes data sharing and collaboration and facilitates analyses both within and across disorders and across a wide array of data types, including clinical, neuroimaging and molecular. The Brain-CODE system architecture provides the technical capabilities to support (1) consolidated data management to securely capture, monitor and curate data, (2) privacy and security best-practices, and (3) interoperable and extensible systems that support harmonization, integration, and query across diverse data modalities and linkages to external data sources. Brain-CODE currently supports collaborative research networks focused on various brain conditions, including neurodevelopmental disorders, cerebral palsy, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and mood disorders. These programs are generating large volumes of data that are integrated within Brain-CODE to support scientific inquiry and analytics across multiple brain disorders and modalities. By providing access to very large datasets on patients with different brain disorders and enabling linkages to provincial, national and international databases, Brain-CODE will help to generate new hypotheses about the biological bases of brain disorders, and ultimately promote new discoveries to improve patient care.
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- 2018
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9. How many separable sources? Model selection in independent components analysis.
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Roger P Woods, Lars Kai Hansen, and Stephen Strother
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Unlike mixtures consisting solely of non-Gaussian sources, mixtures including two or more Gaussian components cannot be separated using standard independent components analysis methods that are based on higher order statistics and independent observations. The mixed Independent Components Analysis/Principal Components Analysis (mixed ICA/PCA) model described here accommodates one or more Gaussian components in the independent components analysis model and uses principal components analysis to characterize contributions from this inseparable Gaussian subspace. Information theory can then be used to select from among potential model categories with differing numbers of Gaussian components. Based on simulation studies, the assumptions and approximations underlying the Akaike Information Criterion do not hold in this setting, even with a very large number of observations. Cross-validation is a suitable, though computationally intensive alternative for model selection. Application of the algorithm is illustrated using Fisher's iris data set and Howells' craniometric data set. Mixed ICA/PCA is of potential interest in any field of scientific investigation where the authenticity of blindly separated non-Gaussian sources might otherwise be questionable. Failure of the Akaike Information Criterion in model selection also has relevance in traditional independent components analysis where all sources are assumed non-Gaussian.
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- 2015
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10. Vascular burden and cognition: Mediating roles of neurodegeneration and amyloid PET
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Julie, Ottoy, Miracle, Ozzoude, Katherine, Zukotynski, Sabrina, Adamo, Christopher, Scott, Vincent, Gaudet, Joel, Ramirez, Walter, Swardfager, Hugo, Cogo-Moreira, Benjamin, Lam, Aparna, Bhan, Parisa, Mojiri, Min Su, Kang, Jennifer S, Rabin, Alex, Kiss, Stephen, Strother, Christian, Bocti, Michael, Borrie, Howard, Chertkow, Richard, Frayne, Robin, Hsiung, Robert Jr, Laforce, Michael D, Noseworthy, Frank S, Prato, Demetrios J, Sahlas, Eric E, Smith, Phillip H, Kuo, Vesna, Sossi, Alexander, Thiel, Jean-Paul, Soucy, Jean-Claude, Tardif, Sandra E, Black, and Maged, Goubran
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Epidemiology ,Health Policy ,mental disorders ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
INTRODUCTIONIt remains unclear to which extent vascular burden promotes neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction in a cohort spanning low-to-severe small vessel disease (SVD) and amyloid-beta pathology.METHODSIn 120 subjects, we investigated 1) whether vascular burden, quantified as total or lobar white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, is associated with different cognitive domains; and 2) whether the total WMH effect on cognition is mediated by amyloid (18F-AV45-PET), glucose metabolism (18F-FDG-PET), and/or cortical atrophy.RESULTSIncreased total WMH volume was associated with poorer performance in all cognitive domains tested, with the strongest effects observed for semantic fluency. These relationships were mediated mainly through cortical atrophy, particularly in the temporal lobe, and to a lesser extent through amyloid and metabolism. WMH volumes differentially impacted cognition depending on lobar location and amyloid status.DISCUSSIONOur study suggests mainly an amyloid-independent pathway in which vascular burden affects cognitive impairment through temporal lobe atrophy.
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- 2022
11. Reproducibility in Matrix and Tensor Decompositions: Focus on model match, interpretability, and uniqueness
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Tulay Adali, Furkan Kantar, Mohammad Abu Baker Siddique Akhonda, Stephen Strother, Vince D. Calhoun, and Evrim Acar
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Applied Mathematics ,Signal Processing ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Article - Published
- 2022
12. Cerebello-limbic functional connectivity patterns in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis
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Nikita, Nogovitsyn, Paul D, Metzak, Raphael F, Casseb, Roberto, Souza, Jacqueline K, Harris, Lionel M, Prati, Mojdeh, Zamyadi, Signe L, Bray, Catherine, Lebel, Stefanie, Hassel, Stephen, Strother, Benjamin I, Goldstein, JianLi, Wang, Sidney H, Kennedy, Glenda M, MacQueen, and Jean, Addington
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Brain Mapping ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Adolescent ,Psychotic Disorders ,Neural Pathways ,Schizophrenia ,Brain ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Biological Psychiatry - Abstract
Youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis can present not only with characteristic attenuated psychotic symptoms but also may have other comorbid conditions, including anxiety and depression. These undifferentiated mood symptoms can overlap with the clinical presentation of youth with Distress syndromes. Increased resting-state functional connectivity within cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) pathways has been proposed as a trait-specific biomarker for CHR. However, it is unclear whether this functional neural signature remains specific when compared to a different risk group: youth with Distress syndromes. The purpose of the present work was to describe CTC alterations that distinguish between CHR and Distressed individuals. Using machine learning algorithms, we analyzed CTC connectivity features of CHR (n = 51), Distressed (n = 41), and healthy control (n = 36) participants. We found four cerebellar (lobes VII and left Crus II anterior/posterior) and two basal ganglia (right putamen and right thalamus) nodes containing a set of specific connectivity features that distinguished between CHR, Distressed and healthy control groups. Hyperconnectivity between medial lobule VIIb, somatomotor network and middle temporal gyrus was associated with CHR status and more severe symptoms. Detailed atlas parcellation suggested that CHR individuals may have dysfunction mainly within the associative (cognitive) pathways, particularly, between those brain areas responsible for the multi-sensory signal integration.
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- 2022
13. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Derived Linoleic Acid Oxylipins, Small Vessel Disease Markers, and Neurodegeneration in Stroke
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Di Yu, Nuanyi Liang, Julia Zebarth, Qing Shen, Miracle Ozzoude, Maged Goubran, Jennifer S. Rabin, Joel Ramirez, Christopher J. M. Scott, Fuqiang Gao, Robert Bartha, Sean Symons, Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Haddad, Courtney Berezuk, Brian Tan, Donna Kwan, Robert A. Hegele, Allison A. Dilliott, Nuwan D. Nanayakkara, Malcolm A. Binns, Derek Beaton, Stephen R. Arnott, Jane M. Lawrence‐Dewar, Ayman Hassan, Dar Dowlatshahi, Jennifer Mandzia, Demetrios Sahlas, Leanne Casaubon, Gustavo Saposnik, Yurika Otoki, Krista L. Lanctôt, Mario Masellis, Sandra E. Black, Richard H. Swartz, Ameer Y. Taha, Walter Swardfager, Natalie Rashkovan, Agessandro Abrahao, Lorne Zinman, Alisia Bonnick, Christopher Scott, Melissa Holmes, Sabrina Adamo, Morris Freedman, Mojdeh Zamyadi, Stephen Arnott, Malcolm Binns, Pradeep Raamana, Stephen Strother, Kelly Sunderland, Athena Theyers, Abiramy Uthirakumaran, Brian Levine, Angela Troyer, Michael Strong, Peter Kleinstiver, Michael Borrie, Elizabeth Finger, Christen Shoesmith, Frederico Faria, Manuel Montero‐Odasso, Yanina Sarquis‐Adamson, Alanna Black, Allison Ann Dilliott, Rob Hegele, John Robinson, Sali Farhan, Rob Bartha, Hassan Haddad, Nuwan Nanayakkara, Guangyong Zou, Stephen Pasternak, JB Orange, Angela Roberts, Mandar Jog, Dallas Seitz, Don Brien, Ying Chen, Brian Coe, Doug Munoz, Paula McLaughlin, Alicia Peltsch, Susan Bronskill, Wendy Lou, Sanjeev Kumar, Bruce Pollock, Tarek Rajji, David Tang‐Wai, Carmela Tartaglia, Brenda Varriano, Marvin Chum, John Turnbull, Jane Lawrence‐Dewar, Julia Fraser, Bill McIlroy, Ben Cornish, Karen Van Ooteghem, Chris Hudson, Elena Leontieva, Wendy Hatch, Faryan Tayyari, Sherif Defrawy, Edward Margolin, Efrem Mandelcorn, Barry Greenberg, Anthony Lang, Connie Marras, Andrew Frank, David Grimes, Dennis Bulman, John Woulfe, Mahdi Ghani, Tom Steeves, David Munoz, Corinne Fischer, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Sujeevini Sujanthan, David Breen, and Roger A. Dixon
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Epoxide Hydrolases ,small vessel disease ,white matter hyperintensity ,Neurosciences ,Water ,lacunar stroke ,soluble epoxide hydrolase ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,oxylipin ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Brain Disorders ,Linoleic Acid ,Stroke ,Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases ,Humans ,Biomedical Imaging ,Oxylipins ,Atrophy ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,ONDRI Investigators [Link] - Abstract
Background Cerebral small vessel disease is associated with higher ratios of soluble‐epoxide hydrolase derived linoleic acid diols (12,13‐dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid [DiHOME] and 9,10‐DiHOME) to their parent epoxides (12(13)‐epoxyoctadecenoic acid [EpOME] and 9(10)‐EpOME); however, the relationship has not yet been examined in stroke. Methods and Results Participants with mild to moderate small vessel stroke or large vessel stroke were selected based on clinical and imaging criteria. Metabolites were quantified by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Volumes of stroke, lacunes, white matter hyperintensities, magnetic resonance imaging visible perivascular spaces, and free water diffusion were quantified from structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (3 Tesla). Adjusted linear regression models were used for analysis. Compared with participants with large vessel stroke (n=30), participants with small vessel stroke (n=50) had a higher 12,13‐DiHOME/12(13)‐EpOME ratio (β=0.251, P =0.023). The 12,13‐DiHOME/12(13)‐EpOME ratio was associated with more lacunes (β=0.266, P =0.028) but not with large vessel stroke volumes. Ratios of 12,13‐DiHOME/12(13)‐EpOME and 9,10‐DiHOME/9(10)‐EpOME were associated with greater volumes of white matter hyperintensities (β=0.364, P P P =0.011; β=0.314, P =0.006). In small vessel stroke, the 12,13‐DiHOME/12(13)‐EpOME ratio was associated with higher white matter free water diffusion (β=0.439, P =0.016), which was specific to the temporal lobe in exploratory regional analyses. The 9,10‐DiHOME/9(10)‐EpOME ratio was associated with temporal lobe atrophy (β=−0.277, P =0.031). Conclusions Linoleic acid markers of cytochrome P450/soluble‐epoxide hydrolase activity were associated with small versus large vessel stroke, with small vessel disease markers consistent with blood brain barrier and neurovascular‐glial disruption, and temporal lobe atrophy. The findings may indicate a novel modifiable risk factor for small vessel disease and related neurodegeneration.
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- 2022
14. Neuroanatomical dimensions in medication-free individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment response to SSRI antidepressant medications or placebo
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Mathilde Antoniades, Cynthia Fu, Guray Erus, Jose Garcia, Yong Fan, Danilo Arnone, Stephen Arnott, Taolin Chen, Ki Sueng Choi, Cherise Chin Fatt, Benicio Frey, Vibe Frokjaer, Melanie Ganz, Beata Godlewska, Stefanie Hassel, Keith Ho, Andrew McIntosh, Kun Qin, Susan Rotzinger, Matthew Sacchet, Jonathan Savitz, Haochang Shou, Ashish Singh, Aleks Stolicyn, Irina Strigo, Stephen Strother, Duygu Tosun, Teresa Victor, Dongtao Wei, Toby Wise, Roland Zahn, Ian Anderson, J.F. William Deakin, Boadie Dunlop, Rebecca Elliott, Qiyong Gong, Ian Gotlib, Catherine Harmer, Sidney Kennedy, Gitte Knudsen, Helen Mayberg, Martin Paulus, Jiang Qiu, Madhukar Trivedi, Heather Whalley, Chao-Gan Yan, Allan Young, and Christos Davatzikos
- Abstract
Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with widespread subtle neuroanatomical correlates. Identifying neuroimaging-based biomarkers might aid in defining the disease-related dimensions that characterize MDD and predict treatment response. Objective: To investigate the neuroanatomical dimensions that characterize MDD and predict treatment response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant or placebo. Design: Big data consortium (COORDINATE-MDD) sharing raw MRI data in first episode and recurrent MDD, deep clinical phenotyping, and state-of-the art machine learning analysis, involving harmonization of multi-center MRI data and the application of semi-supervised machine learning clustering, HYDRA, to regional brain volumes. Setting: International, multi-center, community-based MDD and healthy controls. Participants: International sample (N=1384), consisting of medication-free, first episode and recurrent MDD individuals (N=685) in a current depressive episode of moderate to severe intensity, that is not treatment resistant depression, and healthy controls (N=699). Prospective longitudinal treatment response data were available in a subset of MDD individuals (N=359 MDD). Treatments were SSRI antidepressant medication (escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline) or placebo. Treatment duration was 6-8 weeks, and symptom severity was measured by clinician-rated scales. Main outcomes: First episode and recurrent MDD is optimally characterized by two neuroanatomical dimensions, which show distinct treatment effects to placebo and SSRI antidepressant medications. Results: Dimension 1 is characterized by preserved gray and white matter (N=290 MDD), whereas Dimension 2 is characterized by widespread subtle reductions in gray and white matter (N=395 MDD) relative to healthy controls. There are no significant differences in age of onset, years of illness, number of episodes, or duration of current episode between dimensions, but there is a significant dimension by treatment response interaction effect. Dimension 1 shows a significant decrease in depressive symptoms following treatment with SSRI medication (51.1%) but limited changes following placebo (28.6%), whereas Dimension 2 shows a comparable improvement to either SSRI (46.9%) or placebo (42.2%) (β=-18.3, 95% CI (-0.34 to -0.2), p=0.03). Conclusions and Relevance: Neuroimaging-based markers may aid in characterizing the MDD dimensions that predict treatment response. In an iterative process, we can characterize the disease-based dimensions that comprise MDD.
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- 2022
15. Interpretability, Reproducibility, and Replicability [From the Guest Editors]
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Tulay Adali, Rodrigo Capobianco Guido, Tin Kam Ho, Klaus-Robert Muller, and Stephen Strother
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Applied Mathematics ,Signal Processing ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Published
- 2022
16. The Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform – An Open Science Framework for the Neuroscience Community
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Rachel J Harding, Patrick Bermudez, Michael Beauvais, Pierre Bellec, Sean Hill, Bartha Maria Knoppers, Paul Pavlidis, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Jane Roskams, Nikola Stikov, Jessica Stone, Stephen Strother, CONP Consortium, and Alan C. Evans
- Abstract
Large-scale data-centric challenges faced by neuroscientists, such as improving reproducibility and data reuse, could be overcome by adopting open science practises. The Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform (CONP) takes a multi-faceted approach to enabling open neuroscience, aiming to make research, data, and tools accessible to everyone, with the ultimate objective of accelerating discovery. Central to the tailor-made CONP infrastructure is its Portal, where datasets and analysis tools can be shared in accordance with FAIR principles. Another key piece of CONP infrastructure is NeuroLibre, a preprint server for interactive, fully reproducible scientific notebooks that embed text, figures, and code. To encourage responsible sharing, the CONP has constructed governance frameworks and toolkits that strike a balance between safeguarding the rights of data subjects and promoting widespread public benefit from scientific advancement. The CONP is also focussed on supporting the next generation of neuroscientists through its scholar and training program. The collective experience of our engaged community and leaders has generated a platform that supports multiple facets of open neuroscience, a unique approach within the neuroscience landscape. Together, the various elements of the platform serve the CONP’s vision for promoting open neuroscience and yielding the associated benefits for individual researchers and the wider community.
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- 2022
17. Language Discordance as a Marker of Disparities in Cerebrovascular Risk and Stroke Outcomes: A Multi-Center Prospective Canadian Study
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Ryan T. Muir, Arunima Kapoor, Megan L. Cayley, Michelle N. Sicard, Karen Lien, Alisia Southwell, Dar Dowlatshahi, Demetrios J. Sahlas, Gustavo Saposnik, Jennifer Mandzia, Leanne Casaubon, Ayman Hassan, Yael Perez, Daniel Selchen, Brian J. Murray, Krista Lanctot, Moira K. Kapral, Nathan Herrmann, Stephen Strother, Amy Y. X. Yu, Peter C. Austin, Susan E. Bronskill, and Richard H. Swartz
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
18. Deep Bayesian networks for uncertainty estimation and adversarial resistance of white matter hyperintensity segmentation
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Parisa Mojiri Forooshani, Mahdi Biparva, Emmanuel E. Ntiri, Joel Ramirez, Lyndon Boone, Melissa F. Holmes, Sabrina Adamo, Fuqiang Gao, Miracle Ozzoude, Christopher J. M. Scott, Dar Dowlatshahi, Jane M. Lawrence‐Dewar, Donna Kwan, Anthony E. Lang, Karine Marcotte, Carol Leonard, Elizabeth Rochon, Chris Heyn, Robert Bartha, Stephen Strother, Jean‐Claude Tardif, Sean Symons, Mario Masellis, Richard H. Swartz, Alan Moody, Sandra E. Black, and Maged Goubran
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Neurology ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Leukoaraiosis ,Uncertainty ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Bayes Theorem ,Neurology (clinical) ,Anatomy ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,Aged - Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently observed on structural neuroimaging of elderly populations and are associated with cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia. Many existing WMH segmentation algorithms produce suboptimal results in populations with vascular lesions or brain atrophy, or require parameter tuning and are computationally expensive. Additionally, most algorithms do not generate a confidence estimate of segmentation quality, limiting their interpretation. MRI-based segmentation methods are often sensitive to acquisition protocols, scanners, noise-level, and image contrast, failing to generalize to other populations and out-of-distribution datasets. Given these concerns, we propose a novel Bayesian 3D convolutional neural network with a U-Net architecture that automatically segments WMH, provides uncertainty estimates of the segmentation output for quality control, and is robust to changes in acquisition protocols. We also provide a second model to differentiate deep and periventricular WMH. Four hundred thirty-two subjects were recruited to train the CNNs from four multisite imaging studies. A separate test set of 158 subjects was used for evaluation, including an unseen multisite study. We compared our model to two established state-of-the-art techniques (BIANCA and DeepMedic), highlighting its accuracy and efficiency. Our Bayesian 3D U-Net achieved the highest Dice similarity coefficient of 0.89 ± 0.08 and the lowest modified Hausdorff distance of 2.98 ± 4.40 mm. We further validated our models highlighting their robustness on "clinical adversarial cases" simulating data with low signal-to-noise ratio, low resolution, and different contrast (stemming from MRI sequences with different parameters). Our pipeline and models are available at: https://hypermapp3r.readthedocs.io.
- Published
- 2021
19. Determining whether Sex and Zygosity modulates the association between ApoE4 and Psychosis in Neurodegenerative Disease Cohorts using the ONDRI platform
- Author
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Mila Valcic, Sandra Black, Morris Freedman, Michael Borrie, Andrew Frank, Sanjeev Kumar, Stephen Pasternak, Bruce Pollock, Tarek Rajji, Dallas Seitz, David Tang-Wai, Carmela Tartaglia, Mario Masellis, Anthony Lang, David Breen, David Grimes, Mandar Jog, Connie Marras, Rick Swartz, Gustavo Saposnik, Donna Kwan, Brian Tan, Rob Hegele, Allison A. Dilliott, John Robinson, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Sali Farhan, Paula McLaughlin, Stephen Strother, Malcolm Binns, Thomas Steeves, Pawel Kostyrko, Komal Talib, Luis Fornazzari, Nathan Churchill, Tom A. Schweizer, David G. Munoz, and Corinne E. Fischer
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2022
20. MRI-visible perivascular space volumes, sleep duration and daytime dysfunction in adults with cerebrovascular disease
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Joel Ramirez, Melissa F. Holmes, Courtney Berezuk, Donna Kwan, Brian Tan, Derek Beaton, Christopher J.M. Scott, Miracle Ozzoude, Fuqiang Gao, Di Yu, Walter Swardfager, Jane Lawrence-Dewar, Dar Dowlatshahi, Gustavo Saposnik, Mark I. Boulos, Brian J. Murray, Sean Symons, Robert Bartha, Sandra E. Black, Richard H. Swartz, Andrew Lim, Michael Strong, Peter Kleinstiver, Natalie Rashkovan, Susan Bronskill, Michael Borrie, Elizabeth Finger, Corinne Fischer, Andrew Frank, Morris Freedman, Sanjeev Kumar, Stephen Pasternak, Bruce Pollock, Tarek Rajji, Dallas Seitz, David Tang-Wai, Carmela Tartaglia, Brenda Varriano, Agessandro Abrahao, Marvin Chum, Christen Shoesmith, John Turnbull, Lorne Zinman, Julia Fraser, Bill McIlroy, Ben Cornish, Karen Van Ooteghem, Frederico Faria, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Yanina Sarquis-Adamson, Alanna Black, Barry Greenberg, Wendy Hatch, Chris Hudson, Elena Leontieva, Ed Margolin, Efrem Mandelcorn, Faryan Tayyari, Sherif Defrawy, Don Brien, Ying Chen, Brian Coe, Doug Munoz, Alisia Bonnick, Leanne Casaubon, Ayman Hassan, Jennifer Mandzia, Demetrios Sahlas, David Breen, David Grimes, Mandar Jog, Anthony Lang, Connie Marras, Mario Masellis, Tom Steeves, Dennis Bulman, Allison Ann Dilliott, Mahdi Ghani, Rob Hegele, John Robinson, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Sali Farhan, Rob Bartha, Hassan Haddad, Nuwan Nanayakkara, Christopher Scott, Melissa Holmes, Sabrina Adamo, Mojdeh Zamyadi, Stephen Arnott, Malcolm Binns, Wendy Lou, Pradeep Raamana, Stephen Strother, Kelly Sunderland, Athena Theyers, Abiramy Uthirakumaran, Guangyong (GY) Zou, Sujeevini Sujanthan, David Munoz, Roger A. Dixon, John Woulfe, Brian Levine, Paula McLaughlin, J.B. Orange, Alicia Peltsch, Angela Roberts, and Angela Troyer
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Perivascular spaces ,Disease ,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ,Internal medicine ,Basal ganglia ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Perivascular space ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Ontario ,business.industry ,Sleep apnea ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,General Medicine ,Sleep quality ,medicine.disease ,Sleep in non-human animals ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Small vessel disease ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Virchow-Robin ,Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Glymphatic system ,Vascular cognitive impairment ,business ,Sleep ,Glymphatic System - Abstract
Objectives Recent studies suggest that interindividual genetic differences in glial-dependent CSF flow through the brain parenchyma, known as glymphatic flow, may trigger compensatory changes in human sleep physiology. In animal models, brain perivascular spaces are a critical conduit for glymphatic flow. We tested the hypothesis that MRI-visible PVS volumes, a putative marker of perivascular dysfunction, are associated with compensatory differences in real-world human sleep behavior. Methods We analyzed data from 152 cerebrovascular disease patients from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI). PVS volumes were measured using 3T-MRI. Self-reported total sleep time, time in bed, and daytime dysfunction were extracted from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results Individuals with greater PVS volumes reported longer time in bed (+0.85 h per log10 proportion of intracranial volume (ICV) occupied by PVS, SE = 0.30, p = 0.006) and longer total sleep times (+0.70 h per log10 proportion of ICV occupied by PVS volume, SE = 0.33, p = 0.04), independent of vascular risk factors, sleep apnea, nocturnal sleep disturbance, depression, and global cognitive status. Further analyses suggested that the positive association between PVS volumes and total sleep time was mediated by greater time in bed. Moreover, despite having on average greater total sleep times, individuals with greater basal ganglia PVS volumes were more likely to report daytime dysfunction (OR 5.63 per log10 proportion of ICV occupied by PVS, 95% CI: 1.38–22.26, p = 0.018). Conclusions Individuals with greater PVS volumes spend more time in bed, resulting in greater total sleep time, which may represent a behavioral compensatory response to perivascular space dysfunction.
- Published
- 2021
21. PLS and Functional Neuroimaging: Bias and Detection Power Across Different Resampling Schemes
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Nathan W. Churchill, Stephen Strother, and Babak Afshin-Pour
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medicine.diagnostic_test ,Functional neuroimaging ,Resampling ,Statistics ,Null (mathematics) ,medicine ,Null distribution ,Estimator ,Covariance ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Psychology ,Stability (probability) - Abstract
Correlation Partial-Least Squares (PLSC) provides a robust model for analyzing functional neuroimaging data, which is used to identify functional brain networks that show the largest covariance with task stimuli. However, neuroimaging data tend to be high-dimensional (i.e., there are far more variables P than samples N), with significant noise confounds and variability in brain response. It is therefore challenging to identify the significant, stable components of PLSC analysis. Empirical significance estimators are widely used, as they make minimal assumptions about data structure. The most common estimator in neuroimaging PLS is Bootstrapped Variance (BV), which tests whether bootstrap-stabilized mean component eigenvalues (i.e., covariance) are significantly different from a permuted null distribution; however, recent studies have highlighted issues with this model. Two alternatives were proposed that instead focus on reliability of the PLSC saliences (i.e., singular vectors): a Split-half Stability (SS) model that measures the consistency of reconstructed components for split-half data, and Split-half Reproducibility (SR) which measures the reliability across independent split-half analyses. We compare BV, SS, and SR estimators on functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (f MRI) data, for both simulated and experimental datasets. The SS and SR methods have comparable sensitivity in detecting “brain” components for most simulated and experimental conditions. However, SR shows consistently greater sensitivity for “task” components. We demonstrate that this is due to relative bias in the SS model: both “brain” and “task” components have biased null distributions, but for the low-dimensional “task” vectors, this bias becomes sufficiently high that it is often impossible to distinguish a significant effect from the null distribution.
- Published
- 2016
22. From Integration to Visualization of Multisite Brain Data on Brain-CODE
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Francis, Jeanson, primary, Christina, Popovich, additional, Brendan, Behan, additional, Rachad, El-Badrawi, additional, Stephen, Strother, additional, Tom, Gee, additional, Fan, Dong, additional, Stephen, Arnott, additional, Moyez, Dharsee, additional, Mojib, Javadi, additional, Costa, Dafnas, additional, and Chris, McPhee, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Retinal nerve fiber layer in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Author
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Bryan M. Wong, Christopher Hudson, Emily Snook, Faryan Tayyari, Hyejung Jung, Malcolm A. Binns, Saba Samet, Richard W. Cheng, Carmen Balian, Efrem D. Mandelcorn, Edward Margolin, Elizabeth Finger, Sandra E. Black, David F. Tang-Wai, Lorne Zinman, Brian Tan, Wendy Lou, Mario Masellis, Agessandro Abrahao, Andrew Frank, Derek Beaton, Kelly M. Sunderland, Stephen R. Arnott, ONDRI Investigators, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Wendy V. Hatch, Sabrina Adamo, Stephen Arnott, Rob Bartha, Courtney Berezuk, Alanna Black, Alisia Bonnick, David Breen, Don Brien, Susan Bronskill, Dennis Bulman, Leanne Casaubon, Ying Chen, Marvin Chum, Brian Coe, Ben Cornish, Jane Lawrence Dewar, Roger A. Dixon, Sherif El-Defrawy, Sali M.K. Farhan, Frederico Faria, Julia Fraser, Mahdi Ghani, Barry Greenberg, Hassan Haddad, Wendy Hatch, Melissa Holmes, Chris Hudson, Peter Kleinstiver, Donna Kwan, Elena Leontieva, Brian Levine, Ed Margolin, Connie Marras, Bill McIlroy, Paula McLaughlin, Manuel Montero Odasso, Doug Munoz, David Munoz, Nuwan Nanayakkara, JB Orange, Miracle Ozzoude, Alicia Peltsch, Pradeep Raamana, Joel Ramirez, Natalie Rashkovan, Angela Roberts, Yanina Sarquis Adamson, Christopher Scott, Michael Strong, Stephen Strothers, Sujeevini Sujanthan, Sean Symons, Athena Theyers, Angela Troyer, Abiramy Uthirakumaran, Karen Van Ooteghem, John Woulfe, Mojdeh Zamyadi, and Guangyong (GY) Zou
- Subjects
retinal nerve fibre layer ,optical coherence tomography ,tauopathy ,TDP-43 proteinopathy ,frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
PurposeTauopathy and transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) proteinopathy are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. These proteinopathies are difficult to detect in vivo. This study examined if spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) can differentiate in vivo the difference in peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) thickness and macular retinal thickness between participants with presumed tauopathy (progressive supranuclear palsy) and those with presumed TDP-43 proteinopathy (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia).Study designProspective, multi-centre, observational study.Materials and methodspRNFL and macular SD-OCT images were acquired in both eyes of each participant using Heidelberg Spectralis SD-OCT. Global and pRNFL thickness in 6 sectors were analyzed, as well as macular thickness in a central 1 mm diameter zone and 4 surrounding sectors. Linear mixed model methods adjusting for baseline differences between groups were used to compare the two groups with respect to pRNFL and macular thickness.ResultsA significant difference was found in mean pRNFL thickness between groups, with the TDP-43 group (n = 28 eyes) having a significantly thinner pRNFL in the temporal sector than the tauopathy group (n = 9 eyes; mean difference = 15.46 μm, SE = 6.98, p = 0.046), which was not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. No other significant differences were found between groups for pRNFL or macular thickness.ConclusionThe finding that the temporal pRNFL in the TDP-43 group was on average 15.46 μm thinner could potentially have clinical significance. Future work with larger sample sizes, longitudinal studies, and at the level of retinal sublayers will help to determine the utility of SD-OCT to differentiate between these two proteinopathies.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. P3‐171: A multivariate glucose metabolism metric for patient stratification and prediction of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials
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Dawn Matthews, Lisa Mosconi, Ana S. Lukic, Randolph Andrews, Miles Wernick, Mark Schmidt, and Stephen Strother
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Epidemiology ,Health Policy ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2012
25. Functional connectivity metrics during stroke recovery
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Yourganov, G., Schmah, T., Small, S. L., Rasmusen, P. M., and Stephen Strother
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Principal Component Analysis ,Time Factors ,Hand Strength ,Statistics as Topic ,Brain ,Reproducibility of Results ,Electroencephalography ,Recovery of Function ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Oxygen ,Stroke ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Seasons - Abstract
We explore functional connectivity in nine subjects measured with 1.5T fMRI-BOLD in a longitudinal study of recovery from unilateral stroke affecting the motor area (Small et al., 2002). We found that several measures of complexity of covariance matrices show strong correlations with behavioral measures of recovery. In Schmah et al. (2010), we applied Linear and Quadratic Discriminants (LD and QD) computed on a principal components (PC) subspace to classify the fMRI volumes into "early" and "late" sessions. We demonstrated excellent classification accuracy with QD but not LD, indicating that potentially important differences in functional connectivity exist between the early and late sessions. Motivated by Mclntosh et al. (2008), who showed that EEG brain-signal variability and behavioral performance both increased with age during development, we investigated complexity of the covariance matrix for this longitudinal stroke recovery data set. We used three complexity measures: the sphericity index described by Abdi (2010); "unsupervised dimensionality", which is the number of PCs that minimizes unsupervised generalization error of a covariance matrix (Hansen et al., 1999); and "QD dimensionality", which is the number of PCs that minimizes the classification accuracy of QD. Although these approaches measure different kinds of complexity, all showed strong correlations with one or more behavioral tests: nine-hole peg test, hand grip test and pinch test. We could not demonstrate that either sphericity or unsupervised dimensionality were significantly different for the "early" and "late" sessions using a paired Wilcoxon test. However, the amount of relative behavioral improvement was correlated with sphericity of the overall covariance matrix (pooled across all sessions), as well as with the divergence of the eigenspectra between the "early" and "late" covariance matrices. Complexity measures that use the number of PCs (which optimize QD classification or unsupervised generalization) were correlated with the behavioral performance of the final session, but not with the relative improvement. These are suggestive, but limited, results given the sample size, restricted behavioral measurements and older 1.5T BOLD data sets. Nevertheless, they indicate one potentially fruitful direction for future data-driven fMRI studies of stroke recovery in larger, better-characterized longitudinal stroke data sets recorded at higher field strength. Finally, we produced sensitivity maps (Kjems et al., 2002) corresponding to both linear and quadratic discriminants for the "early" vs. "late" classification. These maps measure the influence of each voxel on the class assignments for a given classifier. Differences between the scaled sensitivity maps for the linear and quadratic discriminants indicate brain regions involved in changes in functional connectivity. These regions are highly variable across subjects, but include the cerebellum and the motor area contralateral to the lesion.
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- 2010
26. The quantitative evaluation of functional neuroimaging experiments: The NPAIRS data analysis framework
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Stephen Strother, Anderson, J., Frutiger, S., Muley, S., Rottenberg, D., Kjems, U., and Hansen, L. K.
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Neurology ,Cognitive Neuroscience - Published
- 2000
27. V. Anatomical Considerations
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Stephen Strother and Joel S. Perlmutter
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Functional Brain Imaging ,Neurology ,business.industry ,Brain morphometry ,Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Neuroscience ,Brain mapping - Published
- 1987
28. Data warehousing methods and processing infrastructure for brain recovery research
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Gee, T., Keny, S., Price, C. J., Seghier, M. L., Small, S. L., Leff, A. P., Pacurar, A., and Stephen Strother
29. Comparison of two convolution models for fMRI time series
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Nielsen, F. Å, Hansen, L. K., Toft, P., Goutte, G., Lange, N., Stephen Strother, Mørch, N., Svarer, C., Savoy, R., Rosen, B., Rostrup, E., Born, P., Friberg, L. N., Novak, M., Lassen, A., Holm, S., and Gjedde, A.
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delay ,gamma convolution ,FIR filter ,fMRI ,linear time-invariant
30. Comparing univariate and multivariate analyses of [15O]water PET and fMRI data sets
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Svarer, C., Stephen Strother, Law, I., Savoy, R., and Paulson, O. B.
31. Visuomotor skill learning: A PET study of mirror tracing using cluster analysis and statistical parametric mapping
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Balslev, D., Law, I., Frutiger, S. A., Sidtis, J. J., Nielsen, F. A., Christiansen, T. B., Stephen Strother, Svarer, C., Rottenberg, D. A., Paulson, O. B., and Hansen, L. K.
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