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We provide here an overview of the remarkable life and outstanding research of David (Dave) Charles Fork (March 4, 1929-December 13, 2021) in oxygenic photosynthesis. In the words of the late Jack Edgar Myers, he was a top 'photosynthetiker'. His research dealt with novel findings on light absorption, excitation energy distribution, and redistribution among the two photosystems, electron transfer, and their relation to dynamic membrane change as affected by environmental changes, especially temperature. David was an attentive listener and a creative designer of experiments and instruments, and he was also great fun to work with. He is remembered here by his family, coworkers, and friends from around the world including Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, Israel, and USA.

The most important recent book about early cinema – or rather, early motion pictures, is The Kinetoscope: A British History. Based heavily on extensive original research it describes and explains t...

From 1988 until its closure in 1999, the British Film Institute’s groundbreaking Museum of the Moving Image (MOMI) on London’s South Bank attracted several million visitors and critical acclaim. This account is authored by a member of the Curatorial team (1989–1996), and presented in three parts. First is a review of precedents and influences behind the project’s development and critical reception, including a review of its collections and education. Next is a reflection on two temporary exhibitions, home movies, and the problem of updating exhibitions, given priorities and attendance figures. Finally, MOMI’s closure and reinvention as MOMI 2 is considered in light of different approaches to media museums. The history of BFI’s MOMI is set within broader challenges of time-based media as a museum subject, and the article includes observations on practical considerations and their impact on conceptual and academic concerns. The author privileges exhibitions and displays on which he had a curatorial ...

Physical inactivity poses a significant challenge to physical and mental health. Environmental approaches to tackle physical inactivity have identified natural environments as potentially important public health resources. Despite this, little is known about characteristics of the activity involved when individuals visit different types of natural environment. Using Natural England's Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment Survey, we examined 71,603 English respondents' recreational visits to natural environments in the past week. Specifically, we examined the intensity of the activities they undertook on the visits (METs), the duration of their visit, and the associated total energy expenditure (MET minutes). Visits to countryside and urban greenspace environments were associated with more intense activities than visits to coastal environments. However, visits to coastal environments were associated with the most energy expenditure overall due to their relatively long duration. Results differed by the urbanity or rurality of the respondent's residence and also how far respondents travelled to their destination. Knowledge of what types of natural environment afford the highest volumes and intensities of physical activity could inform landscape architecture and exercise prescriptions. Isolating activity-supporting characteristics of natural environments that can be translated into urban design is important in providing physical activity opportunities for those less able to access expansive environments.

In golf, many parameters of the driver can be modified to maximise hitting distance. The main objective of this study was to determine whether drivers fitted with shafts having high and low kick points would alter selected swing parameters and related launch conditions. In total, 12 elite male golfers (handicap score = 1.2 ± 1.8) had three shots analysed for two drivers fitted with ‘stiff’ shafts with differing kick point location. Stiffness profiles of these shafts were also measured. Five swing and related launch parameters were measured using a real-time launch monitor. The locations of the low and high kick points on each shaft during the golf swing (the dynamic kick points) were confirmed via motion analysis. The driver fitted with the shaft containing the high kick point displayed a more negative (steeper) angle of attack ( p < 0.01), a lower launch angle ( p < 0.01) and an increased spin rate ( p < 0.01) when compared to a driver fitted with a low kick point shaft. It is possible that the attack angle differed between drivers due to the greater amount of shaft bending found late in the downswing (80% of the downswing and just before impact). Future work is needed in this under-researched area to determine why these differences occurred.

Exposure to natural environments can help restore depleted emotional and cognitive resources. However, investigation of the relative impacts of different natural environments among large samples is limited. Using data from 4255 respondents drawn from Natural England's Monitoring Engagement with the Natural Environment survey (2009–2011), we investigated feelings of restoration (calm, relaxed, revitalized and refreshed) recalled by individuals after visits to different natural environments within the last week. Controlling for demographic and visit characteristics we found that of the broad environmental categories, coastal visits were associated with the most restoration and town and urban parks with the least. In terms of specific environmental types two “green space” locations (woodlands/forests and hills/moorland/mountains) were associated with levels of restoration comparable to coastal locations. Urban playing fields were associated with the least restoration. Restoration was positively associated with visit duration (a potential dose–response effect), and visits with children were associated with less restoration than visits alone. There was little evidence that different activities (e.g. walking, exercising) were associated with differences in restoration. The data may improve our understanding of the “cultural eco-system services” provided by different natural environments and help decision makers keen to invest scare resources in those environments most associated with psychological benefits.

Background Recent findings suggest that individuals living near the coast are healthier than those living inland. Here we investigated whether this may be related to higher levels of physical activity among coastal dwellers in England, arising in part as a result of more visits to outdoor coastal settings. Method Participants (n = 183,755) were drawn from Natural England's Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment Survey (2009–2012). Analyses were based on self-reported physical activity for leisure and transport. Results A small, but significant coastal proximity gradient was seen for the likelihood of achieving recommended guidelines of physical activity a week after adjusting for relevant area and individual level controls. This effect was statistically mediated by the likelihood of having visited the coast in the last seven days. Stratification by region, however, suggested that while the main effect was relatively strong for west coast regions, it was not significant for those in the east. Conclusions In general, our findings replicate and extend work from Australia and New Zealand. Further work is needed to explain the marked regional differences in the relationship between coastal proximity and physical activity in England to better understand the coast's potential role as a public health resource.

We present a study of spin 1/2 Kondo singlets in single electron transistors under a microwave frequency bias excitation. We compare time-averaged conductance $G$ to predicted universal response with respect to microwave frequency, oscillation amplitude and the Kondo temperature and find a non-adiabatic response when the microwave photon energy $hf$ is comparable to the Kondo temperature $k_B T_K$. We show that our measurements are qualitatively consistent with the predictions for the radiation-induced decoherence rate of the Kondo spin.

www.victorian‐cinema.net In 1996, the British Film Institute published Who’s Who of Victorian Cinema: A Worldwide Survey. The book contained over 280 biographies of those who collectively could be ...

A stringed musical instrument, such as a guitar, which includes a bridge which does not stress the top of the guitar either vertically or laterally. Vertical and lateral forces due to string tension are balanced out within the bridge assembly. Also disclosed is an adjustable height tailpiece and means for adjusting the intonation of the instrument by adjusting the distance that the neck projects out of the body.

The ‘triumph of modern science’ here so floridly trumpeted was the photographic portrait flick book. This article will concern itself with the various motion picture systems (other than the conventional amateur cine camera-projector combination) that have been developed specifically to provide animated photographic portraits. Most of these systems were based on the flick book or miniature mutoscope.

Langdon Stephen. Fouilles de Kish, à l'est de Babylone. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 68ᵉ année, N. 2, 1924. pp. 148-149.