1. Conditioning with slowly digestible starch diets in mice reduces jejunal α-glucosidase activity and glucogenesis from a digestible starch feeding
- Author
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Shaji Chacko, Like Y. Hasek, Roberto Quezada-Calvillo, Stephen E. Avery, J. Kenneth Fraley, Bruce R. Hamaker, Firoz A. Vohra, and Buford L. Nichols
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Absorption (pharmacology) ,Starch ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Sucrase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Food science ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Chemistry ,food and beverages ,alpha-Glucosidases ,Small intestine ,Diet ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Glucose ,Gluconeogenesis ,Conditioning ,Digestion ,Digestible starch - Abstract
Objectives Maltase-glucoamylase (Mgam) and sucrase-isomaltase (Si) are mucosal α-glucosidases required for the digestion of starch to glucose. We hypothesized that a dietary approach to reduce Mgam and Si activities can reduce glucose generation and absorption, and improve glucose control. Methods Rice starch was entrapped in alginate microspheres to moderate in vitro digestion properties. Three groups of 8-wk old mice (n = 8) were conditioned for 7 d with low 13C-starch-based materials differing in digestion rates (fast, slow, and slower), and then given a digestible 13C-labeled cornstarch test feeding to determine its digestion to glucose. Results Conditioning of the small intestine with the slowly digestible starches for 7 d reduced jejunal α-glucosidase and sucrase activities, as well as glucose absorption for the slowly digestible starch slower group (P Conclusions Decreased glucogenesis from a digestible starch feeding was found in mice conditioned on slowly digestible starch diets, suggesting that a dietary approach incorporating slowly digestible starches may change α-glucosidase activities to moderate glucose absorption rate.
- Published
- 2020