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The prognostic stratification of the current AJCC/UICC TNM classification for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has been validated in only a few studies. In this study, it was hypothesized that redefining the T category cut-off would result in a significant improvement in estimated stage-related survival. In 935 patients with ACC from the SEER database, optimal cut-off values based on tumor size were first determined to redefine T1 and T2 categories. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were then used to determine the prognostic value of the revised version. A new cut-off value of 9.5 cm tumor size was established to differentiate between T1 and T2 tumors, leading to a revised TNM classification. As a result, a more homogeneous distribution of patients with ACC across all stages was observed. Notably, the predictive value of the newly proposed TNM classification in the ROC analysis exceeded that of the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC/UICC classification system. Finally, the prognostic superiority of the revised TNM classification was confirmed in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that updating the current staging system with revised T1 and T2 categories significantly improves the prediction of cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with ACC.

PurposeThis paper aims to unfold and emphasise the relevance of sustainability and time as research topics in media and communication research and discusses the relation of both phenomena with a focus on processes of media appropriation and media consumption.Design/methodology/approachThe submission argues theoretically. Firstly, theories on sustainability and media and media and time are presented. Secondly, previous approaches from research on sustainable media use will be discussed. Finally, the authors call for a stronger accentuation of research on digital media, time, and sustainability.FindingsThe submission shows that previous research on sustainable media use does sufficiently take individual and social time experience into account. Moreover, research is too much focussed on the individual level. The authors therefore argue for three major conceptual changes in research on digital sustainability: time is a sustainable human resource; a shift of perspective from individual to relations is needed; and consideration of the cultural condition of capitalism is necessary.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the future research on digital media, time and sustainability.Originality/valueAccording to the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first one that connects perspectives on time with digital sustainability.

Liveness is the central topic within this contribution to our book. Auslander and van Es discuss the concept of “Liveness”. Auslander can hereby be seen to be one of the “veterans” in the study of liveness and therefore one of the central temporalities we encounter in relation to media and other performance arts. Here he is in conversation with Karin van Es. Her contribution to the topic was released in 2016. In it, she explicitly builds on, but also criticises Auslander’s approach (both older and more recent). The focus of the debate lies on the different views on liveness and media. The discussion is presented under the title “The Time of Our Lives”

Mit der zunehmenden Konvergenz der mobilen Endgerate und der Zunahme von mobilen Rezeptionssituationen wachsen auch die Anspruche an das Instrumentarium der Mediennutzungsforschung. Dieser Beitrag behandelt die Experience Sampling Method (ESM). Die ESM ist eine Methode der Selbstbeobachtung. Sie ermittelt durch mehrmals auszufullende Fragebogen in unterschiedlichen Situationen valide Daten und misst annahernd in Echtzeit die Mediennutzungsgewohnheiten von Probanden. Sie kann somit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur methodischen Weiterentwicklung des Faches im mobilen Zeitalter leisten.