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Op initiatief van het lectoraat GGZ van Hogeschool Leiden werd in 2017 samen met professionals en ervaringsdeskundigen een cursus over zelfregulatie ontwikkeld. Deze cursus heeft als doel de aandacht van professionals sterker te richten op de zelfregulatie van hun cliënten. De cursus is tussen 2017 en 2019 in twee ggz-instellingen gegeven en werd op basis van kwalitatieve en kwantitatieve evaluaties tussentijds aangescherpt. Uit de evaluaties blijkt dat cursisten de cursus heel waardevol vinden. Deze bijdrage beschrijft de opbouw en ontwikkeling van de cursus, de eerste evaluaties en de relevantie voor het werkveld.

background Currently, attention is focused on recovery, but the concept is under discussion. The functional aspect, ie.the re-establishment and development of mental functions, Is rarely explained in mental health care. As a result, certain opportunities may be missed, particularly with regard to helping clients to develop or restore their self-regulatory abilities. aim To clarify what we mean by functional recovery and to explain why it is important to deal with this theme separately and to distinguish between functioning and mental functions. method An overview is given of current developments In and around mental health care.and the true meaning of the concept of recovery is discussed Furthermore, arguments are presented which stress the usefulness of distinguishing between four aspects of recovery, clinical, persona I, social and functional. results As is still the case in regular health care (rehabilitation), the subject of functional recovery is hardly ever dealt with as a separate entity. If it were to be dealt with separately and if attention were to be given particularly to the executive functions and their significance for self-regulation, fresh opportunities would arise for supporting clients in their recovery process. conclusion If functional recovery is dealt with separately, new opportunities for recovery will arise, even if clinical recover)' is no longer a viable option.The use of the International Classification of Functioning. Disability and Health (icf) can ensure that focus in the future will shift to the recovery of psychosocial functioning and mental functions.

background Currently, attention is focused on recovery, but the concept is under discussion. The functional aspect, ie.the re-establishment and development of mental functions, Is rarely explained in mental health care. As a result, certain opportunities may be missed, particularly with regard to helping clients to develop or restore their self-regulatory abilities. aim To clarify what we mean by functional recovery and to explain why it is important to deal with this theme separately and to distinguish between functioning and mental functions. method An overview is given of current developments In and around mental health care.and the true meaning of the concept of recovery is discussed Furthermore, arguments are presented which stress the usefulness of distinguishing between four aspects of recovery, clinical, persona I, social and functional. results As is still the case in regular health care (rehabilitation), the subject of functional recovery is hardly ever dealt with as a separate entity. If it were to be dealt with separately and if attention were to be given particularly to the executive functions and their significance for self-regulation, fresh opportunities would arise for supporting clients in their recovery process. conclusion If functional recovery is dealt with separately, new opportunities for recovery will arise, even if clinical recover)' is no longer a viable option.The use of the International Classification of Functioning. Disability and Health (icf) can ensure that focus in the future will shift to the recovery of psychosocial functioning and mental functions.

BACKGROUND: Gender differences play a role in the origin and course of schizophrenia. It has been hypothesised that the gonadal hormone, oestrogen, may possibly perform a protective function in the development of certain forms of schizophrenia. AIM: To review neurobiological hypotheses concerning the role of oestrogen in the development and course of schizophrenia. METHOD: The relevant literature was consulted with the help of PubMed, textbooks and bibliographic references; the search terms used were 'oestrogen', 'schizophrenia', 'gender', 'epigenetics', 'psychosis', 'women' and 'brain'. There were no restrictions with regards to the time-period. RESULTS: Neuro-imaging, animal experiments and hormone-therapy studies showed several effects of oestrogen in the field of epigenetics, morphology of the brain, interaction with neurotransmitters and neuroprotection. CONCLUSION: Oestrogen is an important link in a complex of factors that clearly play a role in the varying development of schizophrenia in men and women. So far, however, there is insufficient evidence to support the existence of a specific mechanism that would explain why oestrogen may perform a protective function in schizophrenia.

Deze studie gaat over de zoektocht naar de determinanten, mechanismen en de kenmerken van psychopathologie vanuit wetenschapsfilosofisch perspectief. Zij is ontstaan vanuit de waarneming dat een overvloed aan data gepaard gaat met een armoede aan goed onderbouwde en diepgaande theorieën. In deze studie gaat het om de filosofische grondslagen die voor theorievorming over psychopathologie nodig zijn. Het reflecteren over grondslagen van de psychopathologie krijgt te weinig aandacht. Het gaat daarbij zowel de filosofie van geneeskunde als om de filosofie van de biologie en de psychologie. Het resultaat van deze studie is onder andere dat psychische stoornissen met een chronisch beloop, als ontwikkelingsstoornissen opgevat, onderzocht en gediagnosticeerd moeten worden. Dat heeft ingrijpende consequenties voor het bestaande onderzoek naar kenmerken van patiënten en hun stoornissen. Als de ontwikkelingsdimensie wordt genegeerd, is de waarde van veel gangbaar onderzoek beperkt: het gaat ten koste van het vermogen om inzicht te krijgen in het ontstaan van een psychische stoornis. Verder beperkt het het vermogen om patiënten vroegtijdig en adequaat (preventief) te behandelen. Stoornissen zijn processen waarbij niets geheel en al vaststaat. Er ligt altijd een gunstige verbetering van de toestand van de patiënt binnen het bereik - hoe klein die verandering ook is.

We give a microscopic derivation of the Clausius-Mossotti relations for a homogeneous and isotropic magneto-dielectric medium consisting of radiatively broadened atomic oscillators. To this end the diagram series of electromagnetic propagators is calculated exactly for an infinite bi-cubic lattice of dielectric and magnetic dipoles for a lattice constant small compared to the resonance wavelength $\lambda$. Modifications of transition frequencies and linewidth of the elementary oscillators are taken into account in a selfconsistent way by a proper incorporation of the singular self-interaction terms. We show that in radiatively broadened media sufficiently close to the free-space resonance the real part of the index of refraction approaches the value -2 in the limit of $\rho \lambda^3 \gg 1$, where $\rho$ is the number density of scatterers. Since at the same time the imaginary part vanishes as $1/\rho$ local field effects can have important consequences for realizing low-loss negative index materials., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure

The determinants and disease mechanisms of schizophrenia are largely unknown. This article discusses two genetic and two epigenetic models and examines to what extent they are capable of predicting epidemiological patterns, providing insight into the determinants and disease mechanisms, and to what extent they are based on empirical findings. The proposed litmus test is whether they are able to provide an explanation for discordance in monozygotic twins. The main lines of a synthetic model are presented on the basis of the assessments.

The temporary financial regulation of the ambulant care of alcohol and drug addicted patients and the so-called social innovation policy of the Government have as a consequence that the Consultation Bureaus for Alcohol and Drugs will be transferred from national government to local government. In this article it is argued that the fear of the CAD's of greater influence of local government on their policies is not justified. It is suggested that the CAD's must fulfill their functions/tasks by formulating measurable aims and by negotiating these with local governmental authorities. Further it is said that it will be desirable that the CAD's contribute actively to the social innovation policy, which must particularly be implemented on the level of local government. The persons aimed at in the municipal innovation policy and the patients of the CAD's belong largely to the same group.