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1. Disease-specific health spending by age, sex, and type of care in Norway: a national health registry study

Author: Jonas Minet Kinge, Joseph L. Dieleman, Øystein Karlstad, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Søren Toksvig Klitkou, Simon I. Hay, Theo Vos, Christopher J. L. Murray, and Stein Emil Vollset
Subjects: Disease expenditures, Cost of illness, Burden of disease, Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), Norway, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background Norway is a high-income nation with universal tax-financed health care and among the highest per person health spending in the world. This study estimates Norwegian health expenditures by health condition, age, and sex, and compares it with disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Methods Government budgets, reimbursement databases, patient registries, and prescription databases were combined to estimate spending for 144 health conditions, 38 age and sex groups, and eight types of care (GPs; physiotherapists & chiropractors; specialized outpatient; day patient; inpatient; prescription drugs; home-based care; and nursing homes) totaling 174,157,766 encounters. Diagnoses were in accordance with the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD). The spending estimates were adjusted, by redistributing excess spending associated with each comorbidity. Disease-specific DALYs were gathered from GBD 2019. Results The top five aggregate causes of Norwegian health spending in 2019 were mental and substance use disorders (20.7%), neurological disorders (15.4%), cardiovascular diseases (10.1%), diabetes, kidney, and urinary diseases (9.0%), and neoplasms (7.2%). Spending increased sharply with age. Among 144 health conditions, dementias had the highest health spending, with 10.2% of total spending, and 78% of this spending was incurred at nursing homes. The second largest was falls estimated at 4.6% of total spending. Spending in those aged 15–49 was dominated by mental and substance use disorders, with 46.0% of total spending. Accounting for longevity, spending per female was greater than spending per male, particularly for musculoskeletal disorders, dementias, and falls. Spending correlated well with DALYs (Correlation r = 0.77, 95% CI 0.67–0.87), and the correlation of spending with non-fatal disease burden (r = 0.83, 0.76–0.90) was more pronounced than with mortality (r = 0.58, 0.43–0.72). Conclusions Health spending was high for long-term disabilities in older age groups. Research and development into more effective interventions for the disabling high-cost diseases is urgently needed.
Published: 2023
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2. Garbage codes in the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry 1996–2019

Author: Christian Lycke Ellingsen, G. Cecilie Alfsen, Marta Ebbing, Anne Gro Pedersen, Gerhard Sulo, Stein Emil Vollset, and Geir Sverre Braut
Subjects: Cause of death, Death certificate, Cause of death register, Garbage code, Non-informative code, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Reliable statistics on the underlying cause of death are essential for monitoring the health in a population. When there is insufficient information to identify the true underlying cause of death, the death will be classified using less informative codes, garbage codes. If many deaths are assigned a garbage code, the information value of the cause-of-death statistics is reduced. The aim of this study was to analyse the use of garbage codes in the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry (NCoDR). Methods Data from NCoDR on all deaths among Norwegian residents in the years 1996–2019 were used to describe the occurrence of garbage codes. We used logistic regression analyses to identify determinants for the use of garbage codes. Possible explanatory factors were year of death, sex, age of death, place of death and whether an autopsy was performed. Results A total of 29.0% (290,469/1,000,128) of the deaths were coded with a garbage code; 14.1% (140,804/1,000,128) with a major and 15.0% (149,665/1,000,128) with a minor garbage code. The five most common major garbage codes overall were ICD-10 codes I50 (heart failure), R96 (sudden death), R54 (senility), X59 (exposure to unspecified factor), and A41 (other sepsis). The most prevalent minor garbage codes were I64 (unspecified stroke), J18 (unspecified pneumonia), C80 (malignant neoplasm with unknown primary site), E14 (unspecified diabetes mellitus), and I69 (sequelae of cerebrovascular disease). The most important determinants for the use of garbage codes were the age of the deceased (OR 17.4 for age ≥ 90 vs age
Published: 2022
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3. Parental income gradients in adult health: a national cohort study

Author: Miriam Evensen, Søren Toksvig Klitkou, Mette C. Tollånes, Simon Øverland, Torkild Hovde Lyngstad, Stein Emil Vollset, and Jonas Minet Kinge
Subjects: Health inequalities, Childhood, Parental income, Cohort study, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background Disparities in health by adult income are well documented, but we know less about the childhood origins of health inequalities, and it remains unclear how the shape of the gradient varies across health conditions. This study examined the association between parental income in childhood and several measures of morbidity in adulthood. Methods We used administrative data on seven complete Norwegian birth cohorts born in 1967–1973 (N = 429,886) to estimate the association between parental income from birth to age 18, obtained from tax records available from 1967, linked with administrative registries on health. Health measures, observed between ages 39 and 43, were taken from registry data on consultations at primary health care services based on diagnostic codes from the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) and hospitalizations and outpatient specialist consultations registered in the National Patient Registry (ICD-10). Results Low parental income during childhood was associated with a higher risk of being diagnosed with several chronic and pain-related disorders, as well as hospitalization, but not overall primary health care use. Absolute differences were largest for disorders related to musculoskeletal pain, injuries, and depression (7–9 percentage point difference). There were also differences for chronic disorders such as hypertension (8%, CI 7.9–8.5 versus 4%, CI 4.1–4.7) and diabetes (3.2%, CI 3.0–3.4 versus 1.4%, CI 1.2–1.6). There was no difference in consultations related to respiratory disorders (20.9%, CI 20.4–21.5 versus 19.7%, CI 19.2–20.3). Childhood characteristics (parental education, low birth weight, and parental marital status) and own adult characteristics (education and income) explained a large share of the association. Conclusions Children growing up at the bottom of the parental income distribution, compared to children in the top of the income distribution, had a two- to threefold increase in somatic and psychological disorders measured in adulthood. This shows that health inequalities by socioeconomic family background persist in a Scandinavian welfare-state context with universal access to health care.
Published: 2021
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4. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Emma Nichols, Jaimie D Steinmetz, Stein Emil Vollset, Kai Fukutaki, Julian Chalek, Foad Abd-Allah, Amir Abdoli, Ahmed Abualhasan, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Tayyaba Tayyaba Akram, Hanadi Al Hamad, Fares Alahdab, Fahad Mashhour Alanezi, Vahid Alipour, Sami Almustanyir, Hubert Amu, Iman Ansari, Jalal Arabloo, Tahira Ashraf, Thomas Astell-Burt, Getinet Ayano, Jose L Ayuso-Mateos, Atif Amin Baig, Anthony Barnett, Amadou Barrow, Bernhard T Baune, Yannick Béjot, Woldesellassie M Mequanint Bezabhe, Yihienew Mequanint Bezabih, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Sonu Bhaskar, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, Atanu Biswas, Srinivasa Rao Bolla, Archith Boloor, Carol Brayne, Hermann Brenner, Katrin Burkart, Richard A Burns, Luis Alberto Cámera, Chao Cao, Felix Carvalho, Luis F S Castro-de-Araujo, Ferrán Catalá-López, Ester Cerin, Prachi P Chavan, Nicolas Cherbuin, Dinh-Toi Chu, Vera Marisa Costa, Rosa A S Couto, Omid Dadras, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Deepak Dhamnetiya, Diana Dias da Silva, Daniel Diaz, Abdel Douiri, David Edvardsson, Michael Ekholuenetale, Iman El Sayed, Shaimaa I El-Jaafary, Khalil Eskandari, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Jawad Fares, Andre Faro, Umar Farooque, Valery L Feigin, Xiaoqi Feng, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Pietro Ferrara, Irina Filip, Howard Fillit, Florian Fischer, Shilpa Gaidhane, Lucia Galluzzo, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Nermin Ghith, Alessandro Gialluisi, Syed Amir Gilani, Ionela-Roxana Glavan, Elena V Gnedovskaya, Mahaveer Golechha, Rajeev Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Mohammad Rifat Haider, Brian J Hall, Samer Hamidi, Asif Hanif, Graeme J Hankey, Shafiul Haque, Risky Kusuma Hartono, Ahmed I Hasaballah, M Tasdik Hasan, Amr Hassan, Simon I Hay, Khezar Hayat, Mohamed I Hegazy, Golnaz Heidari, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Claudiu Herteliu, Mowafa Househ, Rabia Hussain, Bing-Fang Hwang, Licia Iacoviello, Ivo Iavicoli, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Hiroyasu Iso, Masao Iwagami, Roxana Jabbarinejad, Louis Jacob, Vardhmaan Jain, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Ranil Jayawardena, Ravi Prakash Jha, Jost B Jonas, Nitin Joseph, Rizwan Kalani, Amit Kandel, Himal Kandel, André Karch, Ayele Semachew Kasa, Gizat M Kassie, Pedram Keshavarz, Moien AB Khan, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja, Jagdish Khubchandani, Min Seo Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Mika Kivimäki, Walter J Koroshetz, Ai Koyanagi, G Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Hassan Mehmood Lak, Matilde Leonardi, Bingyu Li, Stephen S Lim, Xuefeng Liu, Yuewei Liu, Giancarlo Logroscino, Stefan Lorkowski, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Ricardo Lutzky Saute, Francesca Giulia Magnani, Ahmad Azam Malik, João Massano, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Ritesh G Menezes, Atte Meretoja, Bahram Mohajer, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Yousef Mohammad, Arif Mohammed, Ali H Mokdad, Stefania Mondello, Mohammad Ali Ali Moni, Md Moniruzzaman, Tilahun Belete Mossie, Gabriele Nagel, Muhammad Naveed, Vinod C Nayak, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Bogdan Oancea, Nikita Otstavnov, Stanislav S Otstavnov, Mayowa O Owolabi, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Maja Pasovic, Urvish K Patel, Mona Pathak, Mario F P Peres, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Carrie B Peterson, Michael R Phillips, Marina Pinheiro, Michael A Piradov, Constance Dimity Pond, Michele H Potashman, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Sergio I Prada, Amir Radfar, Alberto Raggi, Fakher Rahim, Mosiur Rahman, Pradhum Ram, Priyanga Ranasinghe, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Nima Rezaei, Aziz Rezapour, Stephen R Robinson, Michele Romoli, Gholamreza Roshandel, Ramesh Sahathevan, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Brijesh Sathian, Davide Sattin, Monika Sawhney, Mete Saylan, Silvia Schiavolin, Allen Seylani, Feng Sha, Masood Ali Shaikh, KS Shaji, Mohammed Shannawaz, Jeevan K Shetty, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, João Pedro Silva, Renata Silva, Jasvinder A Singh, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Amanda E Smith, Sergey Soshnikov, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Dan J Stein, Jing Sun, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Bhaskar Thakur, Binod Timalsina, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Bach Xuan Tran, Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Pascual R Valdez, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Vasily Vlassov, Giang Thu Vu, Linh Gia Vu, Yuan-Pang Wang, Anders Wimo, Andrea Sylvia Winkler, Lalit Yadav, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Lin Yang, Yuichiro Yano, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Ismaeel Yunusa, Siddhesh Zadey, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Christopher J L Murray, and Theo Vos
Subjects: Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Summary: Background: Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of dementia prevalence by producing country-level estimates and incorporating information on selected risk factors. Methods: We forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country. Using linear regression models with education included as an additional predictor, we then forecasted the prevalence of dementia not attributable to GBD risks. To assess the relative contribution of future trends in GBD risk factors, education, population growth, and population ageing, we did a decomposition analysis. Findings: We estimated that the number of people with dementia would increase from 57·4 (95% uncertainty interval 50·4–65·1) million cases globally in 2019 to 152·8 (130·8–175·9) million cases in 2050. Despite large increases in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence remained stable between 2019 and 2050 (global percentage change of 0·1% [–7·5 to 10·8]). We estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1·69 [1·64–1·73]), and we expect this pattern to continue to 2050 (female-to-male ratio of 1·67 [1·52–1·85]). There was geographical heterogeneity in the projected increases across countries and regions, with the smallest percentage changes in the number of projected dementia cases in high-income Asia Pacific (53% [41–67]) and western Europe (74% [58–90]), and the largest in north Africa and the Middle East (367% [329–403]) and eastern sub-Saharan Africa (357% [323–395]). Projected increases in cases could largely be attributed to population growth and population ageing, although their relative importance varied by world region, with population growth contributing most to the increases in sub-Saharan Africa and population ageing contributing most to the increases in east Asia. Interpretation: Growth in the number of individuals living with dementia underscores the need for public health planning efforts and policy to address the needs of this group. Country-level estimates can be used to inform national planning efforts and decisions. Multifaceted approaches, including scaling up interventions to address modifiable risk factors and investing in research on biological mechanisms, will be key in addressing the expected increases in the number of individuals affected by dementia. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Gates Ventures.
Published: 2022
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5. Injury death certificates without specification of the circumstances leading to the fatal injury – the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry 2005–2014

Author: Christian Lycke Ellingsen, Marta Ebbing, G. Cecilie Alfsen, and Stein Emil Vollset
Subjects: Cause of death, Accidental falls, Hip fractures, Garbage code, Redistribution, X59, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background For injury deaths, the underlying cause of death is defined as the circumstances leading to the injury. When this information is missing, the ICD-10 code X59 (Exposure to unspecified factor) is used. Lack of knowledge of factors causing injuries reduces the value of the cause of death statistics. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of X59-coded deaths in Norway, and to assess methods to identify the true underlying cause of injury deaths. Methods We used data from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry from 2005 to 2014. We used logistic regression to identify determinants of X59-coded deaths. For redistribution of the X59 deaths, we used a multinomial logistic regression model based on the cases where injury circumstances were known. The data were divided into training and test sets. The model was developed on the training set and assessed on the test set before it was applied to the X59 deaths. The models used death certificate information on the nature of injury and demographic characteristics as predictor variables. Furthermore, we mailed a query to the certifying physicians of X59 deaths reported in the year 2015, where we asked for additional information on the circumstances leading to the fatal injury. Results There were 24,963 injury deaths reported to the Cause of Death Registry of Norway 2005–2014. Of these, 6440 (25.8%) lacked information on the circumstances leading to the death. The strongest predictor for a X59 death was the nature of injury (hip fracture), followed by lack of information on the scene of injury. Applying our redistribution algorithm, we estimated that 97% of the X59-coded deaths were accidental falls. The strongest covariate was the nature of injury, followed by place of death and age at death. In 2015, there were 591 X59-coded deaths. Queries were sent to the certifying doctors in 559 cases. Among the informative replies to the query, 88% of the deaths were reclassified to accidental falls. Conclusions A large proportion of injury deaths in Norway lack information on the circumstances leading to the fatal injury. Typically, these deaths represent accidental falls causing hip fracture in elderly individuals.
Published: 2018
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6. Life expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

Author: Ann Kristin Knudsen, Peter Allebeck, Mette C Tollånes, Jens Christoffer Skogen, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, John J. McGrath, Knud Juel, Emilie Elisabet Agardh, Johan Ärnlöv, Tone Bjørge, Juan J Carrero, Christopher R. Cederroth, Anne Elise Eggen, Ziad El-Khatib, Christian Lycke Ellingsen, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Mika Gissler, Kishor Hadkhale, Rasmus Havmoeller, Lars Johansson, Peter Benedikt Juliusson, Aliasghar A Kiadaliri, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Tea Lallukka, Teferi Mekonnen, Tuomo J Meretoja, Atte Meretoja, Mohsen Naghavi, Subas Neupane, Truc Trung Nguyen, Max Petzold, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Rahman Shiri, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Vegard Skirbekk, Søren T Skou, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Timothy J Steiner, Gerhard Sulo, Thomas Clement Truelsen, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Elisabete Weiderpass, Stein Emil Vollset, Theo Vos, and Simon Øverland
Subjects: Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Summary: Background: The Nordic countries have commonalities in gender equality, economy, welfare, and health care, but differ in culture and lifestyle, which might create country-wise health differences. This study compared life expectancy, disease burden, and risk factors in the Nordic region. Methods: Life expectancy in years and age-standardised rates of overall, cause-specific, and risk factor-specific estimates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were analysed in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017. Data were extracted for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden (ie, the Nordic countries), and Greenland, an autonomous area of Denmark. Estimates were compared with global, high-income region, and Nordic regional estimates, including Greenland. Findings: All Nordic countries exceeded the global life expectancy; in 2017, the highest life expectancy was in Iceland among females (85·9 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 85·5–86·4] vs 75·6 years [75·3–75·9] globally) and Sweden among males (80·8 years [80·2–81·4] vs 70·5 years [70·1–70·8] globally). Females (82·7 years [81·9–83·4]) and males (78·8 years [78·1–79·5]) in Denmark and males in Finland (78·6 years [77·8–79·2]) had lower life expectancy than in the other Nordic countries. The lowest life expectancy in the Nordic region was in Greenland (females 77·2 years [76·2–78·0], males 70·8 years [70·3–71·4]). Overall disease burden was lower in the Nordic countries than globally, with the lowest age-standardised DALY rates among Swedish males (18 555·7 DALYs [95% UI 15 968·6–21 426·8] per 100 000 population vs 35 834·3 DALYs [33 218·2–38 740·7] globally) and Icelandic females (16 074·1 DALYs [13 216·4–19 240·8] vs 29 934·6 DALYs [26 981·9–33 211·2] globally). Greenland had substantially higher DALY rates (26 666·6 DALYs [23 478·4–30 218·8] among females, 33 101·3 DALYs [30 182·3–36 218·6] among males) than the Nordic countries. Country variation was primarily due to differences in causes that largely contributed to DALYs through mortality, such as ischaemic heart disease. These causes dominated male disease burden, whereas non-fatal causes such as low back pain were important for female disease burden. Smoking and metabolic risk factors were high-ranking risk factors across all countries. DALYs attributable to alcohol use and smoking were particularly high among the Danes, as was alcohol use among Finnish males. Interpretation: Risk factor differences might drive differences in life expectancy and disease burden that merit attention also in high-income settings such as the Nordic countries. Special attention should be given to the high disease burden in Greenland. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The work on this paper was supported by the Research Council of Norway through FRIPRO (project number 262030) and by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.
Published: 2019
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7. Prevalence and stability of mental disorders among young adults: findings from a longitudinal study

Author: Kristin Gustavson, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Ragnar Nesvåg, Gun Peggy Knudsen, Stein Emil Vollset, and Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
Subjects: Mental disorders, Young adulthood, Health surveys, Prevalence, Stability, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Abstract Background Mental disorders often have onset early in life, contribute substantially to the global disease burden, and may interfere with young people’s ability to complete age-relevant tasks in important developmental periods. However, knowledge about prevalence and course of mental disorders in young adulthood is sparse. The aim of the current study was to estimate prevalence and stability of mental disorders from the twenties to the thirties/forties. Methods DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview in two waves (1999–2004 and 2010–2011) in 1623 young adult Norwegian twins (63.2% women, aged 19–29 years in wave 1). Results In wave 1, the 12-month prevalence of any mental disorder among people in the twenties was 19.8% (men) and 32.4% (women), anxiety disorders: 9.6% (men) and 26.7% (women), anxiety disorders excluding specific phobias: 2.5% (men) and 6.9% (women), major depressive disorder (MDD): 4.4% (men) and 7.2% (women), and alcohol use disorder (AUD): 8.7% (men) and 4.4% (women). The prevalence of any mental disorder decreased from the twenties to the thirties/forties. This was due to a decrease in AUD and specific phobias. Anxiety disorders in the twenties predicted anxiety disorders and MDD ten years later, even when controlling for the association between these disorders in the twenties. MDD in the twenties predicted MDD ten years later. At both ages, two-week and 12-month prevalence estimates differed markedly for MDD - indicating an episodic course. Conclusions Common mental disorders are highly prevalent among young adults in the twenties, and somewhat less prevalent in the thirties/forties. Those who suffer from one mental disorder in the twenties are at considerably increased risk for suffering from a disorder ten years later as well. This may have significant implications for young people’s ability to attain education, establish a family, and participate in occupational life.
Published: 2018
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8. Slaying little dragons: the impact of the Guinea Worm Eradication Program on dracunculiasis disability averted from 1990 to 2016 [version 1; referees: 3 approved]

Author: Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Sharon Roy, Dieudonne P. Sankara, Adam Weiss, Jeffrey Stanaway, Ellen Goldberg, David M. Pigott, Heidi Larson, Stein Emil Vollset, Kristopher Krohn, Kyle Foreman, Peter Hotez, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Bayu Begashaw Bekele, Dumessa Edessa, Nicholas Kassembaum, Ali Mokdad, Christopher J. L. Murray, and Simon I. Hay
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to document the worldwide decline of dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease, GWD) burden, expressed as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), from 1990 to 2016, as estimated in the Global Burden of Disease study 2016 (GBD 2016). While the annual number of cases of GWD have been consistently reported by WHO since the 1990s, the burden of disability due to GWD has not previously been quantified in GBD. Methods: The incidence of GWD was modeled for each endemic country using annual national case reports. A literature search was conducted to characterize the presentation of GWD, translate the clinical symptoms into health sequelae, and then assign an average duration to the infection. Prevalence measures by sequelae were multiplied by disability weights to estimate DALYs. Results: The total DALYs attributed to GWD across all endemic countries (n=21) in 1990 was 50,725 (95% UI: 35,265–69,197) and decreased to 0.9 (95% UI: 0.5–1.4) in 2016. A cumulative total of 12,900 DALYs were attributable to GWD from 1990 to 2016. Conclusions: Using 1990 estimates of burden propagated forward, this analysis suggests that between 990,000 to 1.9 million DALYs have been averted as a result of the eradication program over the past 27 years.
Published: 2018
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9. Incident Coronary Heart Disease After Preeclampsia: Role of Reduced Fetal Growth, Preterm Delivery, and Parity

Author: Hilde Kristin Refvik Riise, Gerhard Sulo, Grethe S. Tell, Jannicke Igland, Ottar Nygård, Stein Emil Vollset, Ann‐Charlotte Iversen, Rigmor Austgulen, and Anne Kjersti Daltveit
Subjects: cardiovascular disease, fetal growth restriction, major coronary events, preeclampsia, preterm delivery, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy disorder often complicated by reduced fetal growth or preterm delivery and is associated with long‐term maternal morbidity and mortality. We aimed to assess the association between preeclampsia phenotypes and risk of subsequent coronary heart disease and maternal cardiovascular mortality. Methods and Results Women aged 16 to 49 years who gave birth during 1980–2002 and registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were followed prospectively (1–29 years) for an incident major coronary event and mortality through linkage with the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway 1994–2009 (CVDNOR) project and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Preeclampsia was subdivided based on the presence of a child born small for gestational age or preterm delivery. Among 506 350 women with 1 to 5 singleton births, there were 1275 (0.3%) occurrences of major coronary event, 468 (0.1%) cardiovascular deaths, and 5411 (1.1%) deaths overall. Compared with women without preeclampsia, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for major coronary event was 2.1 (1.73–2.65) after preeclampsia alone, 3.3 (2.37–4.57) after preeclampsia in combination with small for gestational age, and 5.4 (3.74–7.74) after preeclampsia in combination with preterm delivery. Analyses distinguishing women with 1 (n=61 352) or >1 (n=281 069) lifetime pregnancy and analyses with cardiovascular mortality as outcome followed the same pattern. Conclusions The occurrence of major coronary events was increased among women with preeclampsia and highest for preeclampsia combined with a child born small for gestational age and/or preterm delivery.
Published: 2017
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10. Prognostic Impact of In‐Hospital and Postdischarge Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Analysis Using Data From the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) Project

Author: Gerhard Sulo, Jannicke Igland, Ottar Nygård, Stein Emil Vollset, Marta Ebbing, Neil Poulter, Grace M. Egeland, Charlotte Cerqueira, Torben Jørgensen, and Grethe S. Tell
Subjects: acute myocardial infarction, CVDNOR, heart failure, mortality, Norway, trends, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Background Heart failure (HF) is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We explored the excess mortality associated with HF as an early or late complication of AMI and describe changes over time in such excess mortality. Methods and Results All patients hospitalized with an incident AMI and without history of prior HF hospitalization were followed up to 1 year after AMI discharge for episodes of HF. New HF episodes were classified as in‐hospital HF if diagnosed during the AMI hospitalization or postdischarge HF if diagnosed within 1 year after discharge from the incident AMI. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to explore the excess mortality associated with HF categories. Changes over time in the excess mortality were assessed by testing the interaction between HF status and study year. In‐hospital HF increased in‐hospital mortality 1.79 times (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; 95% CI: 1.68–1.91). The excess mortality associated with HF increased by 4.3 times from 2001 to 2009 (P interaction
Published: 2017
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11. Time Trends and Educational Inequalities in Out‐of‐Hospital Coronary Deaths in Norway 1995–2009: A Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) Project

Author: Enxhela Sulo, Ottar Nygård, Stein Emil Vollset, Jannicke Igland, Marta Ebbing, Truls Østbye, Torben Jørgensen, Gerhard Sulo, and Grethe S. Tell
Subjects: coronary artery disease, educational inequalities, epidemiology, mortality, Norway, out‐of‐hospital coronary, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: BackgroundRecent time trends and educational gradients characterizing out‐of‐hospital coronary deaths (OHCD) are poorly described. Methods and ResultsWe identified all deaths from coronary heart disease occurring outside the hospital in Norway during 1995 to 2009. Time trends were explored using Poisson regression analysis with year as the independent, continuous variable. Information on the highest achieved education was obtained from The National Education Database and classified as primary (up to 10 years of compulsory education), secondary (high school or vocational school), or tertiary (college/university). Educational gradients in OHCD were explored using Poisson regression, stratified by sex and age (
Published: 2017
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12. Heart Failure Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction; Burden and Timing of Occurrence: A Nation‐wide Analysis Including 86 771 Patients From the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) Project

Author: Gerhard Sulo, Jannicke Igland, Stein Emil Vollset, Ottar Nygård, Marta Ebbing, Enxhela Sulo, Grace M. Egeland, and Grethe S. Tell
Subjects: acute myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease in Norway, epidemiology, heart failure, Norway, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) represents often the underlying conditions for the development of heart failure (HF). We aimed at exploring the burden and timing of HF complicating an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), using the total population of AMI patients hospitalized during 2001–2009 in Norway. Methods and ResultsA total of 86 771 patients with a first AMI during 2001–2009 and without previous HF were identified in the “Cardiovascular Disease in Norway” project and followed until HF development, death, or December 31, 2009. In 16 219 patients (18.7%), HF was present on admission or developed during hospitalization for the incident AMI. HF occurrence varied according to age (8.9%, 15.2%, and 25.6% among men and 10.2%, 16.8%, and 27.1% among women ages 25–54, 55–74, and 75–85 years). Among 63 853 patients discharged alive without HF, 8058 (12.6%) were hospitalized with or died because of HF during a median follow‐up time of 3.2 years. HF incidence rates (IRs) per 1000 person‐years during follow‐up were 31 (95% CI, 30–32) for men and 46 (95% CI, 44–47) for women (P
Published: 2016
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13. Smoking and body fat mass in relation to bone mineral density and hip fracture: the Hordaland Health Study.

Author: Jannike Øyen, Clara Gram Gjesdal, Ottar Kjell Nygård, Stein Atle Lie, Haakon E Meyer, Ellen Margrete Apalset, Per Magne Ueland, Eva Ringdal Pedersen, Øivind Midttun, Stein Emil Vollset, and Grethe S Tell
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Lower bone mineral density (BMD) in smokers may be attributable to lower body weight or fat mass, rather than to a direct effect of smoking. We analyzed the effects of smoking exposure, assessed by plasma cotinine, and body fat on BMD and the risk of subsequent hip fracture. In the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK), 3003 participants 46-49 years and 2091 subjects 71-74 years were included. Cotinine was measured in plasma and information on health behaviors was obtained from self-administered questionnaires. BMD and total body soft tissue composition were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Information on hip fracture was obtained from computerized records containing discharge diagnoses for hospitalizations between baseline examinations 1997-2000 through December 31st, 2009. In the whole cohort, moderate and heavy smokers had stronger positive associations between fat mass and BMD compared to never smokers (differences in regression coefficient (95% CI) per % change in fat mass = 1.38 (0.24, 2.52) and 1.29 (0.17, 2.4), respectively). In moderate and heavy smokers there was a nonlinear association between BMD and fat mass with a stronger positive association at low compared to high levels of fat mass (Davies segmented test, p
Published: 2014
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14. Educational inequalities in acute myocardial infarction incidence in Norway: a nationwide cohort study.

Author: Jannicke Igland, Stein Emil Vollset, Ottar K Nygård, Gerhard Sulo, Marta Ebbing, and Grethe S Tell
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Increasing differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality across levels of education have been reported in Norway. The aim of the study was to investigate educational inequalities in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence and whether such inequalities have changed during the past decade using a nationwide longitudinal study design.Data on 141 332 incident (first) AMIs in Norway during 2001-2009 were obtained through the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) project. Educational inequalities in AMI incidence were assessed in terms of age-standardised incidence rates stratified on educational level, incidence rate ratios (IRR), relative index of inequality (RII) and slope index of inequality (SII). All calculations were conducted in four gender and age strata: Men and women aged 35-69 and 70-94 years.AMI Incidence rates decreased during 2001-2009 for all educational levels except in women aged 35-69 among whom only those with basic education had a significant decrease. In all gender and age groups; those with the highest educational level had the lowest rates. The strongest relative difference was found among women aged 35-69, with IRR (95% CI) for basic versus tertiary education 3.04 (2.85-3.24)) and RII (95% CI) equal to 4.36 (4.03-4.71). The relative differences did not change during 2001-2009 in any of the four gender and age groups, but absolute inequalities measured as SII decreased among the oldest men and women.There are substantial educational inequalities in AMI incidence in Norway, especially for women aged 35-69. Relative inequalities did not change from 2001 to 2009.
Published: 2014
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15. Impact of Pre-Pregnancy BMI on B Vitamin and Inflammatory Status in Early Pregnancy: An Observational Cohort Study

Author: Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen, Arve Ulvik, Roy M. Nilsen, Øivind Midttun, Christine Roth, Per Magnus, Camilla Stoltenberg, Stein Emil Vollset, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, and Per Magne Ueland
Subjects: pregnancy, obesity, pre-pregnancy BMI, B vitamins, inflammation, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: Maternal nutrition and inflammation have been suggested as mediators in the development of various adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal obesity. We have investigated the relation between pre-pregnancy BMI, B vitamin status, and inflammatory markers in a group of healthy pregnant women. Cobalamin, folate, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, and riboflavin; and the metabolic markers homocysteine, methylmalonic acid, and 3-hydroxykynurenine/xanthurenic acid ratio (HK/XA); and markers of cellular inflammation, neopterin and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) were determined in pregnancy week 18 and related to pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), in 2797 women from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Pre-pregnancy BMI was inversely related to folate, cobalamin, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), and riboflavin (p < 0.001), and associated with increased neopterin and KTR levels (p < 0.001). Inflammation seemed to be an independent predictor of low vitamin B6 status, as verified by low PLP and high HK/XA ratio. A high pre-pregnancy BMI is a risk factor for low B vitamin status and increased cellular inflammation. As an optimal micronutrient status is vital for normal fetal development, the observed lower B vitamin levels may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal obesity and B vitamin status should be assessed in women with high BMI before they get pregnant.
Published: 2016
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16. B-vitaminet folat og svangerskap

Author: Stein Emil Vollset, Roy M. Nilsen, and Anne Kjersti Daltveit
Subjects: Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Etter at forskning på begynnelsen av 1990-tallet viste at B-vitaminet folat (også kalt folsyre; tidligere folinsyre) alene eller sammen med multivitaminer kunne redusere forekomsten av enkelte medfødte misdannelser, ble det i Norge et økende fokus på folat og svangerskap. I 1996 ble situasjonen rundt helse- og ernæringsmyndighetenes håndtering av folat-problematikken betegnet som "sikker kunnskap, usikker praksis" (1). Vi skal i det følgende forsøke å beskrive situasjonen 11 år senere. Noen spørsmål er avklart, andre er kommet til, praksis er klart endret, resultatene har latt vente på seg, og det knytter seg fortsatt usikkerhet til hva som er den beste helsepolitikken på dette området
Published: 2007

17. Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Brauer, Michael, Roth, Gregory A, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Zheng, Peng, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Armita, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abiodun, Olumide, Abiso, Temesgen Lera, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adibi, Amin, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afolabi, Rotimi Felix, Afshin, Ashkan, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Agbozo, Faith, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Noah, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Anisuddin, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akhlaghi, Shiva, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akkala, Sreelatha, Akombi-Inyang, Blessing, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alahdab, Fares, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Nazmul, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemayohu, Mulubirhan Assefa, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Fatly, Bassam, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Al-Habbal, Khairat, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Amjad, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Iman, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Ali, Waad, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almustanyir, Sami, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Alonso, Jordi, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Al-Rifai, Rami Hani, Alrousan, Sahel Majed, Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Altaany, Zaid, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Aluh, Deborah Oyine, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Wardat, Mohammad Sami, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid, Amaechi, Uchenna Anderson, Aman Mohammadi, Masous, Amani, Reza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Ammirati, Enrico, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anenberg, Susan C, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Angus, Colin, Anil, Abhishek, Anil, Sneha, Anjum, Afifa, Anoushiravani, Amir, Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen, Anvari, Davood, Anvari, Saeid, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anwer, Razique, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Arabloo, Jalal, Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman, Arafat, Mosab, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Armocida, Benedetta, Arndt, Michael Benjamin, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arooj, Mahwish, Artamonov, Anton A, Artanti, Kurnia Dwi, Aruleba, Idowu Thomas, Arumugam, Ashokan, Asbeutah, Akram M, Asgary, Saeed, Asgedom, Akeza Awealom, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Askarinejad, Amir, Assmus, Michael, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athar, Mohammad, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atorkey, Prince, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awoke, Andargie Abate, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayatollahi, Haleh, Ayestas Portugal, Carlos, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azevedo, Rui M S, Azhar, Gulrez Shah, Azizi, Hosein, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Backhaus, Insa Linnea, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagga, Arvind, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Bahrami Taghanaki, Pegah, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Baker, Jennifer L, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balasubramanian, Madhan, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Bam, Kiran, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banik, Biswajit, Banik, Palash Chandra, Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi, Bansal, Hansi, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrero, Lope H, Barrow, Amadou, Barteit, Sandra, Basharat, Zarrin, Basiru, Afisu, Basso, João Diogo, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Sanjay, Batchu, Sai, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Beaney, Thomas, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Alehegn, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Muhammad Bashir, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Belo, Luis, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bendak, Salaheddine, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennitt, Fiona B, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Beran, Azizullah, Berezvai, Zombor, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Manpreet S, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Bishai, Jessica Devin, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Atanu, Biswas, Bijit, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bjørge, Tone, Boachie, Micheal Kofi, Boakye, Hosea, Bockarie, Moses John, Bodolica, Virginia, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Boppana, Sri Harsha, Bora Basara, Berrak, Borhany, Hamed, Botero Carvajal, Alejandro, Bouaoud, Souad, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boxe, Christopher, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brant, Luisa C, Brar, Amanpreet, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Britton, Gabrielle, Brown, Colin Stewart, Browne, Annie J, Brunoni, Andre R, Bryazka, Dana, Bulamu, Norma B, Bulto, Lemma N, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Busse, Reinhard, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cagney, Jack, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Chao, Cao, Fan, Cao, Yubin, Capodici, Angelo, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carr, Sinclair, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carugno, Andrea, Carvalho, Felix, Carvalho, Márcia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Caye, Arthur, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cegolon, Luca, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chan, Raymond N C, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, An-Tian, Chen, Catherine S, Chen, Haowei, Chen, Meng Xuan, Chen, Mingling, Chen, Simiao, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Esther T W, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chi, Gerald, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Cho, William C S, Chong, Bryan, Chopra, Hitesh, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cioffi, Iolanda, Cogen, Rebecca M, Cohen, Aaron J, Columbus, Alyssa, Conde, Joao, Corlateanu, Alexandru, Cortese, Samuele, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Costanzo, Simona, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz, Jessica A, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Culbreth, Garland T, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dai, Zhaoli, Daikwo, Patience Unekwuojo, Dalli, Lachlan L, Damiani, Giovanni, D'Amico, Emanuele, D'Anna, Lucio, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Das, Subasish, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, de la Torre-Luque, Alejandro, De Leo, Diego, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Bo', Cristian, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria, Demoze, Chalachew Kassaw, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Dervišević, Emina, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desai, Rupak, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dhali, Arkadeep, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhane, Amol S, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhingra, Sameer, Dhulipala, Vishal R, Dhungana, Raja Ram, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Luis Antonio, Diaz, Michael J, Dima, Adriana, Ding, Delaney D, Dinu, Monica, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Thanh Chi, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, do Prado, Camila Bruneli, Dodangeh, Masoud, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dong, Wanyue, Dongarwar, Deepa, D'Oria, Mario, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dorsey, E Ray, Doshi, Rajkumar, Doshmangir, Leila, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dumith, Samuel C, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Dushpanova, Anar, Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Echieh, Chidiebere Peter, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Edvardsson, David, Edvardsson, Kristina, Efendi, Ferry, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Arab, Rabie Adel, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El-Dahiyat, Faris, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, Elgar, Frank J, ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmehrath, Ahmed O, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Elshaer, Mohammed, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Emeto, Theophilus I, Esfandiari, Negin, Eshrati, Babak, Eslami, Majid, Esmaeili, Sayed Vahid, Estep, Kara, Etaee, Farshid, Fabin, Natalia, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fagbule, Omotayo Francis, Fahimi, Saman, Falzone, Luca, Fareed, Mohammad, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazylov, Timur, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Feroze, Abdullah Hamid, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferreira, Nuno, Fetensa, Getahun, Feyisa, Bikila Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Flavel, Joanne, Flohr, Carsten, Flood, David, Flor, Luisa S, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Force, Lisa M, Fortuna, Daniela, Foschi, Matteo, Franklin, Richard Charles, Freitas, Alberto, Friedman, Sara D, Fux, Blima, G, Sridevi, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaihre, Santosh, Gajdács, Márió, Galali, Yaseen, Gallus, Silvano, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Garcia, Vanessa, Gardner, William M, Garg, Ravindra K, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebi, Tilaye Gebru, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremariam, Tesfay B B, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Gerema, Urge, Getacher, Lemma, Getahun, Genanew K a, Getie, Molla, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghafarian, Sadegh, Ghaffari Jolfayi, Amir, Ghailan, Khalid Yaser, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghassemi, Fariba, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Gholami, Ali, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Gil, Gabriela Fernanda, Gilbertson, Nora M, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Gindaba, Ebisa Zerihun, Girmay, Alem, Glasbey, James C, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Göbölös, Laszlo, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goel, Amit, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Gomes, Nelson G M, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goudarzi, Houman, Goulart, Alessandra C, Gouravani, Mahdi, Goyal, Anmol, Graham, Simon Matthew, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guha, Avirup, Guicciardi, Stefano, Gulati, Snigdha, Gulisashvili, David, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Mohak, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Habibzadeh, Parham, Hadaro, Tesfahun Simon, Hadian, Zahra, Haep, Nils, Haghi-Aminjan, Hamed, Haghmorad, Dariush, Hagins, Hailey, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu, Hajj Ali, Adel, 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Samer H, Murray, Christopher J L, and Gakidou, Emmanuela
Published: 2024
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18. Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Vollset, Stein Emil, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H A, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adhikary, Ripon Kumar, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agbozo, Faith, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmed, Anisuddin, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akrami, Ashley E, Akter, Ema, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Mosa, Amjad S, Al Ta'ani, Omar, Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed, Alahdab, Fares, Alajlani, Muaaz M, Al-Ajlouni, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alam, Zufishan, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Ali, Abid, Ali, Amjad, Ali, Iman, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Ali, Victor Ekoche, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Alqutaibi, Ahmed 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Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Harish, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vijay, Kundu, Amartya, Kusuma, Dian, Kyei-Arthur, Frank, Kytö, Ville, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Ladan, Muhammad Awwal, Laflamme, Lucie, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Lai, Daphne Teck Ching, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lám, Judit, Lan, Qing, Lan, Tuo, Landires, Iván, Lanfranchi, Francesco, Langguth, Berthold, Lansingh, Van Charles, Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane, Larijani, Bagher, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Lawlor, Hilary R, Le, Huu-Hoai, Le, Long Khanh Dao, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Doo Woong, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Yo Han, Leigh, James, Leong, Elvynna, Li, Ming-Chieh, Libra, Massimo, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Lindholm, Daniel, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Listl, Stefan, Liu, Gang, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, 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Published: 2024
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19. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Schumacher, Austin E, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Aali, Amirali, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Jaffar, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi, Abebe, Mesfin, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Armita, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abhilash, E S, Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adair, Tim, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Adha, Rishan, Adibi, Amin, Adikusuma, Wirawan, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afework, Abel, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afraz, Ali, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Saira, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmadzade, Mohadese, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Ajumobi, Olufemi, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkala, Sreelatha, Akyirem, Samuel, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Homsi, Ammar, Al Qadire, Mohammad, Ala, Moein, Aladelusi, Timothy Olukunle, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Manjurul, Alam, Zufishan, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemi, Sharifullah, 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Published: 2024
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20. Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Schumacher, Austin E, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abebe, Samrawit Shawel, Abiodun, Olumide, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abolmaali, Meysam, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abtahi, Dariush, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Adal, Tadele Girum Girum, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Adeagbo, Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afolabi, Rotimi Felix, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akkala, Sreelatha, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Qadire, Mohammad, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alemi, Hediyeh, Alemi, Sharifullah, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhajri, Noora, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, 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21. Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Ferrari, Alize J, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Ackerman, Ilana N, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adewuyi, Habeeb Omoponle, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Saira, Afzal, Sina, Agodi, Antonella, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ajami, Marjan, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Albashtawy, Mohammed, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemu, Meseret Desalegn, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, 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Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2024
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22. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Naghavi, Mohsen, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Aali, Amirali, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abebe, Samrawit Shawel, Abedi, Aidin, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abhilash, E S, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abolmaali, Meysam, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adal, Tadele Girum, Adamu, Abdu A, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Admass, Biruk Adie Adie, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aggarwal, Manik, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif, Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akyirem, Samuel, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, 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Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tillawi, Tala, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Toriola, Adetunji T, Torre, Anna E, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Jasmine T, Tran, Nghia Minh, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Tung, Kang, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Uddin, Sayed Mohammad Nazim, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Unsworth, Carolyn Anne, Upadhyay, Era, Urso, Daniele, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van de Velde, Sarah M, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varga, Orsolya, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasic, Milena, Vaziri, Siavash, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verghese, Nicholas Alexander, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villanueva, Gabriela Ines, Vinayak, Manish, Violante, Francesco S, Viskadourou, Maria, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vongpradith, Avina, Vos, Theo, Vujcic, Isidora S, Vukovic, Rade, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wang, Ning, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Watson, Stefanie, Watson, Stephanie Louise Watson, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wei, Melissa Y, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Westerman, Ronny, Whisnant, Joanna L, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wilandika, Angga, Wilkerson, Caroline, Willeit, Peter, Wilson, Shadrach, Wojewodzic, Marcin W, Woldegebreal, Demewoz H, Wolf, Axel Walter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wondimagegene, Yohannes Addisu, Wong, Yen Jun, Wongsin, Utoomporn, Wu, Ai-Min, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Xinsheng, Wu, Zenghong, Xia, Juan, Xiao, Hong, Xie, Yang, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Wang-Dong, Xu, Xiaoyue, Xu, Yvonne Yiru, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yao, Yao, Yaribeygi, Habib, Ye, Pengpeng, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yesiltepe, Metin, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yigezu, Amanuel, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yip, Paul, Yismaw, Malede Berihun, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yuh, Faith H, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zadnik, Vesna, Zafari, Nima, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamora, Nelson, Zand, Ramin, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zarrintan, Armin, Zeariya, Mohammed G M, Zeinali, Zahra, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Jingya, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zitoun, Osama A, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuhlke, Liesl J, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zweck, Elric, Zyoud, Samer H, Wool, Eve E, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2024
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23. Disease-specific health spending by age, sex, and type of care in Norway: a national health registry study

Author: Kinge, Jonas Minet, Dieleman, Joseph L., Karlstad, Øystein, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Klitkou, Søren Toksvig, Hay, Simon I., Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J. L., and Vollset, Stein Emil
Published: 2023
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24. Pragmatic solutions to reduce the global burden of stroke: a World Stroke Organization–Lancet Neurology Commission

Author: Feigin, Valery L, Abd-Allah, Foad, Akinyemi, Rufus O, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Brainin, Michael, Cao, Jackie, Caso, Valeria, Dalton, Bronte, Davis, Alan, Dempsey, Robert, Duprey, Joseph, Feng, Wuwei, Ford, Gary A, Gall, Seana, Gandhi, Dorcas, Good, David C, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hacke, Werner, Hankey, Graeme J, Ishida, Marie, Johnson, Walter, Kim, Julie, Lavados, Pablo, Lindsay, Patrice, Mahal, Ajay, Martins, Sheila, Murray, Christopher, Nguyen, Thuy Phuong, Norrving, Bo, Olaiya, Muideen T, Olalusi, Oladotun V, Pandian, Jeyaraj, Phan, Hoang, Platz, Thomas, Ranta, Anna, Rehman, Sabah, Roth, Greg, Sebastian, Ivy Anne, Smith, Amanda E, Suwanwela, Nijasri C, Sylaja, P N, Thapa, Rajshree, Thrift, Amanda G, Uvere, Ezinne, Vollset, Stein Emil, Yavagal, Dileep, Yaria, Joseph, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Akinyemi, Rufus, Dempsey, Robert J, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Liu, Liping, Ovbiagele, Bruce, Piradov, Michael, Suwanwela, Nijasri, Abanto, Carlos, Addissie, Adamu, Adeleye, Amos O, Adilbekov, Yerzhan, Adilbekova, Bibigul, Adoukonou, Thierry A, Aguiar de Sousa, Diana, Akhmetzhanova, Zauresh, Akpalu, Albert, El Alaoui-Faris, Mustapha, Ameriso, Sebastian F, Andonova, Silva, Arsovska, Anita, Awoniyi, Folorunso E, Bakhiet, Moiz, Barboza, Miguel A, Basri, Hamidon, Bath, Philip M, Bereczki, Daniel, Beretta, Simone, Berkowitz, Aaron L, Bernhardt, Julie, Berzina, Guna, Bhavsar, Bhavan, Bisharyan, Mher S, Bohara, Manoj, Bovet, Pascal, Budincevic, Hrvoje, Cadilhac, Dominique A, Čerimagić, Denis, Charway-Felli, Augustina, Chen, Christopher, Chin, Jerome H, Christensen, Hanne, Chwojnicki, Kamil, Conforto, Adriana B, Correia, Manuel, Mora Cuervo, Daissy L, Członkowska, Anna, D'Amelio, Marco, Danielyan, Kristine E, Davis, Stephen, Demarin, Vida, Demchuk, Andrew M, Dichgans, Martin, Dokova, Klara, Donnan, Geoffrey, Duran, Juan Carlos, Ekeng, Gloria, Elkind, Mitchell S, Endres, Matthias, Fischer, Urs, Flomin, Yuriy, Gankpe, Fortuné, Gavidia, Martin, Gaye Saavedra, Andrés, Gebreyohanns, Mehari, George, Mary, Gierlotka, Marek, Giroud, Maurice, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Gonçalves, Ivete Pillo, Gongora-Rivera, Fernando, Gunaratne, Padma S, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamzat, Tal-hatu K, Heldner, Mirjam R, Ibrahim, Etedal, Ihle-Hansen, Hanne, Jee, Sungju, Jiann-Shing, Jeng, Johnston, S Clay, Jovanovic, Dejana, Jurjāns, Kristaps, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamenova, Saltanat, Karaszewski, Bartosz, Kelly, Peter, Kiechl, Stefan, Kondybayeva, Aida, Kõrv, Janika, Kozera, Grzegorz, Kravchenko, Michael, Krespi, Yakup, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Kruja, Jera, Kutluk, Kursad, Langhorne, Peter, Law, Zhe K, Lebedynets, Dmytro, Lee, Tsong-Hai, Leung, Thomas W, Liebeskind, David S, López-Jaramillo, Patricio, Lotufo, Paulo A, Machline-Carrion, M Julia, Maia, Luis F, Malojcic, Branko, Markus, Hugh S, Marquez-Romero, Juan M, Medina, Marco T, Medukhanova, Sabina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Miglāne, Evija, Mihejeva, Illa, Mikulik, Robert, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mohl, Stephanie, Munakomi, Sunil, Murphy, Sean, Musa, Kamarul I, Nasreldein, Ahmed, Nogueira, Raul G, Nolte, Christian H, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Novarro-Escudero, Nelson, Ocampo, Cassandra, O'Donnell, Martin, Ogun, Yomi, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Oraby, Mohammed I, Ōrken, Dilek N, Ōzdemir, Atilla O, Ozturk, Serefnur, Paccot, Mélanie, Pereira, Telmo, Peeters, André, Potpara, Tatjana, Proios, Hariklia, Rathore, Farooq A, Sacco, Ralph L, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sandset, Else S, Renato Santos, Irving, Saposnik, Gustavo, Sarfo, Fred S, Sargento-Freitas, João, Sharma, Mukul, Shaw, Louise, Sheth, Kevin N, Shin, Yong-Il, Shobhana, A, Silva, S Nishan, Tedim Cruz, Vitor, Thakur, Kiran, Thapa, Lekh Jung, Toni, Danilo, Topcuoglu, Mehmetakif A, Torales, Julio, Towfighi, Amytis, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsiskaridze, Alexander, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall, Useche, Juan N, Vanacker, Peter, Vassilopoulou, Sophia, Vukorepa, Gorana, Vuletic, Vladimira, Wahab, Kolawole W, Wang, Wenzhi, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wolfe, Charles, Yacouba, Mapoure N, Yang, Jie, Yifru, Yared M, Yock-Corrales, Adriana, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yperzeele, Laetitia, and Zagożdżon, Pawel
Published: 2023
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25. Global, regional, and national burden of other musculoskeletal disorders, 1990–2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Gill, Tiffany K, Mittinty, Manasi Murthy, March, Lyn M, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Culbreth, Garland T, Cross, Marita, Kopec, Jacek A, Woolf, Anthony D, Haile, Lydia M, Hagins, Hailey, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Kopansky-Giles, Deborah R, Dreinhoefer, Karsten E, Betteridge, Neil, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abedi, krishna, Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun, Aithala, Janardhana P, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Al Thaher, Yazan, Alalwan, Tariq A, Alzahrani, Hosam, Amiri, Sohrab, Antony, Benny, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arumugam, Ashokan, Aryal, Krishna K, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atreya, Alok, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bardhan, Mainak, Barrero, Lope H, Bearne, Lindsay M, Bekele, Alehegn Bekele, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bijani, Ali, Bordianu, Theresa, Bouaoud, Souad, Briggs, Andrew M, Cheema, Huzaifa Ahmad, Christensen, Steffan Wittrup McPhee, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Clarsen, Benjamin, Dai, Xiaochen, de Luca, Katie, Desye, Belay, Dhimal, Meghnath, Do, Thanh Chi, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Farokh Forghani, Siamak, Ferreira, Nuno, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Graham, Simon Matthew, Harlianto, Netanja I, Hartvigsen, Jan, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hay, Simon I, Heidari, Mohammad, Hsiao, Alexander Kevin, Ilic, Irena M, Jokar, Mohammad, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Md Jobair, Khanal, Praval, Khateri, Sorour, Kiadaliri, Ali, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Landires, Iván, Larijani, Bagher, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Lee, Yo Han, Lim, Stephen S, Lo, Justin, Madani, Seyedeh Panid, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N, Malik, Iram, Marateb, Hamid Reza, Mathew, Ashish J, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mirahmadi, Alireza, Misganaw, Awoke, Mohaghegh, Sadra, Mokdad, Ali H, Momenzadeh, Kaveh, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Yousef, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh, Murray, Christopher J L, Muthu, Sathish, Nargus, Shumaila, Nassereldine, Hasan, Neupane, Subas, Niazi, Robina Khan, Oh, In-Hwan, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Oulhaj, Abderrahim, Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin, Park, Seoyeon, Patel, Jay, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Peres, Mario F P, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily, Poursadeqiyan, Mohsen, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qureshi, Maryam Faiz, Rafferty, Quinn, Rahimi-Dehgolan, Shahram, Rahman, Mosiur, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Rashedi, Vahid, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, Roever, Leonardo, Safary, Azam, Sagoe, Dominic, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Shafaat, Amir, Shahabi, Saeed, Sharma, Saurab, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene, Shiri, Rahman, Singh, Ambrish, Slater, Helen, Smith, Amanda E, Sunuwar, Dev Ram, Tabish, Mohammad, Tharwat, Samar, Ullah, Irfan, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Zare, Iman, Zheng, Peng, Vos, Theo, and Brooks, Peter M
Published: 2023
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26. Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis, 1990–2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Black, Rachel J, Cross, Marita, Haile, Lydia M, Culbreth, Garland T, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Hagins, Hailey, Kopec, Jacek A, Brooks, Peter M, Woolf, Anthony D, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Kopansky-Giles, Deborah R, Dreinhoefer, Karsten E, Betteridge, Neil, Aali, Amirali, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi, Abedi, Aidin, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adamu, Kidist, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Ahmed, Ayman, Aithala, Janardhana P, Akhlaghdoust, Meisam, Alemayehu, Astawus, Alvand, Saba, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amu, Hubert, Antony, Benny, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arulappan, Judie, Ashraf, Tahira, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Badawi, Alaa, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Baig, Atif Amin, Balta, Asaminew Birhanu, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Azadeh, Bearne, Lindsay M, Bekele, Alehegn, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule, Botelho, João Silva, Briggs, Andrew M, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Charalampous, Periklis, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Coberly, Kaleb, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, de Luca, Katie, Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu, Dessie, Gashaw, Dhimal, Meghnath, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Diress, Mengistie, Doku, Paul Narh, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Sherbiny, Yasser Mohamed, Etaee, Farshid, Ezzeddini, Rana, Faghani, Shahriar, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu, Gerema, Urge, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Tiffany K, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Halwani, Rabih, Hannan, Md Abdul, Haque, Shafiul, Harlianto, Netanja I, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Hezam, Kamal, Hill, Catherine L, Hiraike, Yuta, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hoveidaei, Amir Human, Hsiao, Alexander Kevin, Hsieh, Evelyn, Hussain, Salman, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ilic, Irena M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jani, Chinmay T, Jeganathan, Jayakumar, Joseph, Nitin, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kandel, Himal, Kanko, Tesfaye K, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Md Jobair, Khan, Moien AB, Khanali, Javad, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kumar, Narinder, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Larijani, Bagher, Lim, Stephen S, Lo, Justin, Machado, Vanessa Sintra, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mathews, Elezebeth, Mendes, José João, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mirghaderi, Seyed Peyman, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mohamadkhani, Ashraf, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Moniruzzaman, Md, Montasir, Ahmed Al, Mulu, Getaneh Baye, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Murray, Christopher J L, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Neupane, Subas, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oh, In-Hwan, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Patel, Jay, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Qattea, Ibrahim, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rashedi, Vahid, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, Salman, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Nima, Riad, Abanoub, Saad, Aly M A, Saddik, Basema, Saeed, Umar, Safary, Azam, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Salek Farrokhi, Amir, Saqib, Muhammad Arif Nadeem, Seylani, Allen, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shigematsu, Mika, Shivarov, Velizar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Sinaei, Ehsan, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Slater, Helen, Smith, Amanda E, Solomon, Yonatan, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Tabish, Mohammad, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tat, Nathan Y, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tharwat, Samar, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tusa, Biruk Shalmeno, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Vaziri, Siavash, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wu, Ai-Min, Yada, Dereje Y, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zare, Iman, Zarrintan, Armin, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zoladl, Mohammad, Vos, Theo, and March, Lyn M
Published: 2023
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27. Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990–2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Culbreth, Garland T, Haile, Lydia M, Rafferty, Quinn, Lo, Justin, Fukutaki, Kai Glenn, Cruz, Jessica A, Smith, Amanda E, Vollset, Stein Emil, Brooks, Peter M, Cross, Marita, Woolf, Anthony D, Hagins, Hailey, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abedi, Aidin, Ackerman, Ilana N, Amu, Hubert, Antony, Benny, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Argaw, Ayele Mamo, Artamonov, Anton A, Ashraf, Tahira, Barrow, Amadou, Bearne, Lindsay M, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bijani, Ali, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Coberly, Kaleb, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, de Luca, Katie, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dreinhoefer, Karsten E, Elhadi, Muhammed, Farooque, Umar, Farpour, Hamid Reza, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Freitas, Marisa, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete, Getachew, Tamiru, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Tiffany K, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haddadi, Rasool, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Halwani, Rabih, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Harlianto, Netanja I, Haro, Josep Maria, Hartvigsen, Jan, Hay, Simon I, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Heidari, Golnaz, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hsiao, Alexander Kevin, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Jacob, Louis, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Kandel, Himal, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Khan, Md Jobair, Kim, Yun Jin, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Korzh, Oleksii, Koteeswaran, Rajasekaran, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Narinder, Lee, Sang-woong, Lim, Stephen S, Lobo, Stany W, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mandarano-Filho, Luiz Garcia Garcia, Martini, Santi, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Murray, Christopher J L, Nassereldine, Hasan, Netsere, Henok Biresaw, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Pereira, Jeevan, Radfar, Amir, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Rayegani, Seyed-Mansoor, Ribeiro, Daniela, Roever, Leonardo, Saddik, Basema, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Sanchez Riera, Lidia, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaker, Elaheh, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharma, Rajendra, Sharma, Saurab, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shiri, Rahman, Shobeiri, Parnian, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Surjit, Skou, Søren T, Slater, Helen, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Starodubova, Antonina V, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vo, Bay, Vu, Linh Gia, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yunusa, Ismaeel, March, Lyn M, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Vos, Theo, and Kopec, Jacek A
Published: 2023
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28. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Ong, Kanyin Liane, Stafford, Lauryn K, McLaughlin, Susan A, Boyko, Edward J, Vollset, Stein Emil, Smith, Amanda E, Dalton, Bronte E, Duprey, Joe, Cruz, Jessica A, Hagins, Hailey, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abate, Melsew Dagne, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md, Abedi, Vida, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adane, Tigist Demssew, Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afolabi, Rotimi Felix, Agarwal, Gina, Aghdam, Zahra Babaei, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Aguilera Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Rizwan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alemi, Sharifullah, Ali, Hassam, Alinia, Tahereh, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Firehiwot, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amiri, Sohrab, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansar, Adnan, Ansari, Golnoosh, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Arifin, Hidayat, Arkew, Mesay, Armocida, Benedetta, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artamonov, Anton A, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Arumugam, Ashokan, Aryan, Zahra, Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Askari, Elaheh, Asmelash, Daniel, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athar, Mohammad, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awaisu, Ahmed, Azadnajafabad, Sina, B, Darshan B, Babamohamadi, Hassan, Badar, Muhammad, Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Bah, Sulaiman, Bahadory, Saeed, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Baradaran, Hamid Reza, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Barengo, Noel C, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Hamideh, Basiru, Afisu, Basu, Sanjay, Basu, Saurav, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Batra, Kavita, Bayih, Mulat Tirfie, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Bekele, Alehegn Bekele, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Belo, Luis, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Kidanemaryam, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bikbov, Boris, Bilal, Faiq, Bintoro, Bagas Suryo, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bitra, Veera R, Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna, Bodolica, Virginia, Boloor, Archith, Brauer, Michael, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Brenner, Hermann, Butt, Zahid A, Calina, Daniela, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Yin, Cao, Chao, Car, Josip, Carvalho, Márcia, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chadwick, Joshua, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chauhan, Kirti, Cheema, Huzaifa Ahmad, Chekol Abebe, Endeshaw, Chen, Simiao, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chidambaram, Saravana Babu, Cho, William C S, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Coberly, Kaleb, Columbus, Alyssa, Contreras, Daniela, Cousin, Ewerton, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Cuschieri, Sarah, Dabo, Bashir, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Dandona, Rakhi, Dandona, Lalit, Das, Saswati, Dascalu, Ana Maria, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, Debele, Gebiso Roba, Delpasand, Kourosh, Demisse, Fitsum Wolde, Demissie, Getu Debalkie, Deng, Xinlei, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deo, Salil V, Dervišević, Emina, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desale, Aragaw Tesfaw, Dessie, Anteneh Mengist, Desta, Fikreab, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dey, Sourav, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhimal, Meghnath, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Dinu, Monica, Diress, Mengistie, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doan, Linh Phuong, Dongarwar, Deepa, dos Santos Figueiredo, Francisco Winter, Duncan, Bruce B, Dutta, Siddhartha, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Endeshaw, Destaw, Esayas, Hawi Leul, Eshetu, Habitu Birhan, Etaee, Farshid, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Falahi, Shahab, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Farrokhpour, Hossein, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fazli, Ghazal, Feng, Xiaoqi, Ferede, Tomas Y, Fischer, Florian, Flood, David, Forouhari, Ali, Foroumadi, Roham, Foroutan Koudehi, Masoumeh, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Galali, Yaseen, Ganesan, Balasankar, Garcia-Gordillo, MA, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebrekidan, Kahsu Gebrekirstos, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Getacher, Lemma, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghassemi, Fariba, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Guan, Shi-Yang, Gudayu, Temesgen Worku, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Kartik, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gyawali, Bishal, Haddadi, Rasool, Hadi, Najah R, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Hajibeygi, Ramtin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J, Hannan, Md Abdul, Haque, Shafiul, Harandi, Hamid, Harlianto, Netanja I, Hasan, S M Mahmudul, Hasan, Syed Shahzad, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Haubold, Johannes, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Hessami, Kamran, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Sahadat, Hossain, Md Shakhaoat, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh, Hassan, Huang, Junjie, Huda, Md Nazmul, Hussain, Salman, Huynh, Hong-Han, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iqbal, Afrin, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islam, Rakibul M, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, Iyasu, Assefa N, Jacob, Louis, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jahrami, Haitham, Jain, Rajesh, Jaja, Chinwe, Jamalpoor, Zahra, Jamshidi, Elham, Janakiraman, Balamurugan, Jayanna, Krishnamurthy, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jebai, Rime, Jeong, Wonjeong, Jin, Yinzi, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joseph, Abel, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Ali, Kabthymer, Robel Hussen, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kahe, Farima, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kandel, Himal, Karanth, Shama D, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karkhah, Samad, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kaur, Navjot, Kazemian, Sina, Kebede, Sewnet Adem, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalaji, Amirmohammad, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Ajmal, Khanal, Saval, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khater, Amir M, Khateri, Sorour, khorashadizadeh, Fatemeh, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kibret, Biruk Getahun, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kivimäki, Mika, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Komaki, Somayeh, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Korzh, Oleksii, Kostev, Karel, Kothari, Nikhil, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Yuvaraj, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Harish, Kundu, Satyajit, Kurniasari, Maria Dyah, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lallukka, Tea, Larijani, Bagher, Larsson, Anders O, Latief, Kamaluddin, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Thi Bich, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Seung Won, Legesse, Samson Mideksa, Lenzi, Jacopo, Li, Yongze, Li, Ming-Chieh, Lim, Stephen S, Lim, Lee-Ling, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Chaojie, Lo, Chun-Han, Lopes, Graciliana, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lozano, Rafael, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Maghazachi, Azzam A, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahjoub, Soleiman, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, Mahmoudimanesh, Marzieh, Mai, Anh Tuan, Majeed, Azeem, Majma Sanaye, Pantea, Makris, Konstantinos Christos, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Mansouri, Borhan, Marateb, Hamid Reza, Mardi, Parham, Martini, Santi, Martorell, Miquel, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Masoudi, Reza, Masoudi, Sahar, Mathews, Elezebeth, Maugeri, Andrea, Mazzaglia, Giampiero, Mekonnen, Teferi, Meshkat, Mahboobeh, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miao Jonasson, Junmei, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Mini, GK, Miranda, J Jaime, Mirfakhraie, Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Misganaw, Awoke, Misgina, Kebede Haile, Mishra, Manish, Moazen, Babak, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mohsen, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammadshahi, Marita, Mohseni, Alireza, Mojiri-forushani, Hoda, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moniruzzaman, Md, Mons, Ute, Montazeri, Fateme, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moradi, Yousef, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi Sarabi, Mostafa, Morovatdar, Negar, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Morze, Jakub, Mossialos, Elias, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Mulita, Francesk, Mulita, Admir, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mwita, Julius C, Nagaraju, Shankar Prasad, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Nangia, Vinay, Nargus, Shumaila, Naser, Abdallah Y, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S, Nauman, Javaid, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negash, Hadush, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Phat Tuan, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nizam, Muhammad A, Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles, Noreen, Mamoona, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Oancea, Bogdan, Odogwu, Nkechi Martina, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Ojha, Vivek Anand, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Okwute, Patrick Godwin, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Ordak, Michal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Oulhaj, Abderrahim, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Raffaele, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Ashok, Pandey, Anamika, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Pantea Stoian, Anca Mihaela, Pardhan, Shahina, Parekh, Tarang, Parekh, Utsav, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Jay, Patel, Jenil R, Paudel, Uttam, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Marcos, Perico, Norberto, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily, Podder, Vivek, Postma, Maarten J, Pourali, Ghazaleh, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Qadir, Mirza Muhammad Fahd, Qattea, Ibrahim, Raee, Pourya, Rafique, Ibrar, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahimifard, Mahban, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahmani, Mohamed, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum, Rahnavard, Niloufar, Rajbhandari, Bibek, Ram, Pradhum, Ramazanu, Sheena, Rana, Juwel, Rancic, Nemanja, Ranjha, Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz, Rao, Chythra R, Rapaka, Deepthi, Rasali, Drona Prakash, Rashedi, Sina, Rashedi, Vahid, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rengasamy, Kannan RR, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Rezaei, Nima, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rezazadeh, Hossein, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Rias, Yohanes Andy, Riaz, Muhammad, Ribeiro, Daniela, Rodrigues, Mónica, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Rohloff, Peter, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roustazadeh, Abazar, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Saad, Aly M A, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabour, Siamak, Sabzmakan, Leila, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safi, Sare, Safi, Sher Zaman, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahoo, Harihar, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salahi, Sarvenaz, Salahi, Saina, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salehi, Mohammad Amin, Salomon, Joshua A, Sanabria, Juan, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Sargazi, Saman, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sawhney, Monika, Schlaich, Markus P, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schuermans, Art, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shabany, Maryam, Shafaghat, Tahereh, Shafeghat, Melika, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Nilay S, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene, Shiri, Rahman, Shittu, Aminu, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shokri, Fereshteh, Shuval, Kerem, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Simpson, Colin R, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sohag, Abdullah Al Mamun, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Solikhah, Solikhah, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sorensen, Reed J D, Starodubova, Antonina V, Sujata, Sujata, Suleman, Muhammad, Sun, Jing, Sundström, Johan, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabish, Mohammad, Taheri, Majid, Taheri, Ensiyeh, Taki, Elahe, Tamuzi, Jacques JL Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tat, Nathan Y, Taye, Birhan Tsegaw, Temesgen, Worku Animaw, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesler, Riki, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapa, Rajshree, Tharwat, Samar, Thomas, Nihal, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiyuri, Amir, Tonelli, Marcello, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Trico, Domenico, Trihandini, Indang, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tualeka, Abdul Rohim, Tufa, Derara Girma, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ullah, Sana, Upadhyay, Era, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, van Daalen, Kim Robin, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vaziri, Siavash, Verma, Madhur verma, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vo, Danh Cao, Wagaye, Birhanu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Ziyue, Wang, Yanqing, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Wei, Melissa Y Wei, Weldemariam, Abrha Hailay, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wu, YiFan, Wulandari, Ratna DWI, Xia, Juan, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yada, Dereje Y, Yang, Lin, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yesiltepe, Metin, Yi, Siyan, Yohannis, Hunachew Kibret, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamora, Nelson, Zare, Iman, Zarea, Kourosh, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeru, Naod Gebrekrstos, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Jingjing, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Magliano, Dianna J, Murray, Christopher J L, Hay, Simon I, and Vos, Theo
Published: 2023
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29. The Burden of Proof studies: assessing the evidence of risk

Author: Zheng, Peng, Afshin, Ashkan, Biryukov, Stan, Bisignano, Catherine, Brauer, Michael, Bryazka, Dana, Burkart, Katrin, Cercy, Kelly M., Cornaby, Leslie, Dai, Xiaochen, Dirac, M. Ashworth, Estep, Kara, Fay, Kairsten A., Feldman, Rachel, Ferrari, Alize J., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gil, Gabriela Fernanda, Griswold, Max, Hay, Simon I., He, Jiawei, Irvine, Caleb M. S., Kassebaum, Nicholas J., LeGrand, Kate E., Lescinsky, Haley, Lim, Stephen S., Lo, Justin, Mullany, Erin C., Ong, Kanyin Liane, Rao, Puja C., Razo, Christian, Reitsma, Marissa B., Roth, Gregory A., Santomauro, Damian F., Sorensen, Reed J. D., Srinivasan, Vinay, Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wang, Nelson, Welgan, Catherine A., Wozniak, Sarah S., Aravkin, Aleksandr Y., and Murray, Christopher J. L.
Published: 2022
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30. Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Ferreira, Manuela L, de Luca, Katie, Haile, Lydia M, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Culbreth, Garland T, Cross, Marita, Kopec, Jacek A, Ferreira, Paulo H, Blyth, Fiona M, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Hartvigsen, Jan, Wu, Ai-Min, Safiri, Saeid, Woolf, Anthony D, Collins, Gary S, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Vollset, Stein Emil, Smith, Amanda E, Cruz, Jessica A, Fukutaki, Kai Glenn, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abedi, Aidin, Abidi, Hassan, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Ahmadi, Ali, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Alamer, Abayneh Tadesse, Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alshehri, Mansour Abdullah, Alshehri, Mohammed Mansour, Alzahrani, Hosam, Amini, Saeed, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Antony, Benny, Arabloo, Jalal, Arulappan, Judie, Arumugam, Ashokan, Ashraf, Tahira, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrero, Lope H, Barrow, Amadou, Barzegar, Akbar, Bearne, Lindsay M, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bhandari, Bharti Bhandari, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bijani, Ali, Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Briggs, Andrew M, Cao, Chao, Charalampous, Periklis, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Cicuttini, Flavia M, Clarsen, Benjamin, Cuschieri, Sarah, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dehghan, Azizallah, Demie, Takele Gezahegn G, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Dhimal, Meghnath, Diaz, Daniel, Didehdar, Mojtaba, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Diress, Mengistie, Do, Hoa Thi, Doan, Linh Phuong, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Faghani, Shahriar, Fares, Jawad, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fetensa, Getahun, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Franklin, Richard Charles, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Tiffany K, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gupta, Bhawna, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Hamal, Pawan Kumar, Hanif, Asif, Harlianto, Netanja I, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hay, Simon I, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hsiao, Alexander Kevin, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jindal, Har Ashish, Jonas, Jost B, Kabito, Gebisa Guyasa, Kandel, Himal, Kaur, Rimple Jeet, Keshri, Vikash Ranjan, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Md Jobair, Khan, Moien AB, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Klugarová, Jitka, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Narinder, Lallukka, Tea, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malih, Narges, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Miller, Ted R, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Mobarakabadi, Maryam, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Murray, Christopher J L, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Nazari, Javad, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Neupane, Subas, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nowroozi, Ali, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Omer, Emad, Oulhaj, Abderrahim, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Anamika, Park, Eun-Kee, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Pereira, Jeevan, Peres, Mario F P, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pourahmadi, Mohammadreza, Radfar, Amir, Rahimi-Dehgolan, Shahram, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rajai, Nazanin, Rao, Chythra R, Rashedi, Vahid, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Zahed, Roever, Leonardo, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Saddik, Basema, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahrokhi, Shayan, Shaker, Elaheh, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharma, Saurab, Shaygan, Maryam, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shiri, Rahman, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shobeiri, Parnian, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Slater, Helen, Solmi, Marco, Somayaji, Ranjani, Tan, Ker-Kan, Thapar, Rekha, Tohidast, Seyed Abolfazl, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Yadav, Lalit, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yang, Lin, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zare, Iman, Zarrintan, Armin, Zoladl, Mohammad, Vos, Theo, and March, Lyn M
Published: 2023
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31. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Collaborators, GBD 2016 Neurology, Feigin, Valery L, Nichols, Emma, Alam, Tahiya, Bannick, Marlena S, Beghi, Ettore, Blake, Natacha, Culpepper, William J, Dorsey, E Ray, Elbaz, Alexis, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Fisher, James L, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Giussani, Giorgia, Glennie, Linda, James, Spencer L, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Marin, Benoît, Mountjoy-Venning, W Cliff, Nguyen, Minh, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Patel, Anoop P, Piccininni, Marco, Roth, Gregory A, Steiner, Timothy J, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Szoeke, Cassandra EI, Theadom, Alice, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wallin, Mitchell Taylor, Wright, Claire, Zunt, Joseph Raymond, Abbasi, Nooshin, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Aboyans, Victor, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Acharya, Dilaram, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood, Adsuar, Jose C, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Salman, Rustam Al-Shahi, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayuk, Tambe B, Badawi, Alaa, Banach, Maciej, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Beuran, Mircea, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bililign, Nigus, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Blazes, Christopher Kynrint, Brayne, Carol, Butt, Zahid A, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, and Cantu-Brito, Carlos
Subjects: Neurosciences, Headaches, Pain Research, Aging, Brain Disorders, Prevention, Neurodegenerative, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Dementia, Disability Evaluation, Female, Global Burden of Disease, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Nervous System Diseases, Prevalence, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: BackgroundNeurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.MethodsWe estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]) by age and sex for 15 neurological disorder categories (tetanus, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, brain and other CNS cancers, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron diseases, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine, tension-type headache, and a residual category for other less common neurological disorders) in 195 countries from 1990 to 2016. DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was the main method of estimation of prevalence and incidence, and the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) was used for mortality estimation. We quantified the contribution of 84 risks and combinations of risk to the disease estimates for the 15 neurological disorder categories using the GBD comparative risk assessment approach.FindingsGlobally, in 2016, neurological disorders were the leading cause of DALYs (276 million [95% UI 247-308]) and second leading cause of deaths (9·0 million [8·8-9·4]). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs from all neurological disorders combined increased (deaths by 39% [34-44] and DALYs by 15% [9-21]) whereas their age-standardised rates decreased (deaths by 28% [26-30] and DALYs by 27% [24-31]) between 1990 and 2016. The only neurological disorders that had a decrease in rates and absolute numbers of deaths and DALYs were tetanus, meningitis, and encephalitis. The four largest contributors of neurological DALYs were stroke (42·2% [38·6-46·1]), migraine (16·3% [11·7-20·8]), Alzheimer's and other dementias (10·4% [9·0-12·1]), and meningitis (7·9% [6·6-10·4]). For the combined neurological disorders, age-standardised DALY rates were significantly higher in males than in females (male-to-female ratio 1·12 [1·05-1·20]), but migraine, multiple sclerosis, and tension-type headache were more common and caused more burden in females, with male-to-female ratios of less than 0·7. The 84 risks quantified in GBD explain less than 10% of neurological disorder DALY burdens, except stroke, for which 88·8% (86·5-90·9) of DALYs are attributable to risk factors, and to a lesser extent Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (22·3% [11·8-35·1] of DALYs are risk attributable) and idiopathic epilepsy (14·1% [10·8-17·5] of DALYs are risk attributable).InterpretationGlobally, the burden of neurological disorders, as measured by the absolute number of DALYs, continues to increase. As populations are growing and ageing, and the prevalence of major disabling neurological disorders steeply increases with age, governments will face increasing demand for treatment, rehabilitation, and support services for neurological disorders. The scarcity of established modifiable risks for most of the neurological burden demonstrates that new knowledge is required to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2019

32. Changes in life expectancy and disease burden in Norway, 1990–2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Clarsen, Benjamin, Nylenna, Magne, Klitkou, Søren Toksvig, Vollset, Stein Emil, Baravelli, Carl Michael, Bølling, Anette Kocbach, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Sulo, Gerhard, Naghavi, Mohsen, Pasovic, Maja, Asaduzzaman, Muhammad, Bjørge, Tone, Eggen, Anne Elise, Eikemo, Terje Andreas, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Haaland, Øystein Ariansen, Hailu, Alemayehu, Hassan, Shoaib, Hay, Simon I, Juliusson, Petur B, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Månsson, Johan, Mekonnen, Teferi, Murray, Christopher J L, Norheim, Ole F, Ottersen, Trygve, Sagoe, Dominic, Sripada, Kam, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, and Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo
Published: 2022
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33. Garbage codes in the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry 1996–2019

Author: Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Alfsen, G. Cecilie, Ebbing, Marta, Pedersen, Anne Gro, Sulo, Gerhard, Vollset, Stein Emil, and Braut, Geir Sverre
Published: 2022
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34. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Nichols, Emma, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Vollset, Stein Emil, Fukutaki, Kai, Chalek, Julian, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Akram, Tayyaba Tayyaba, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alipour, Vahid, Almustanyir, Sami, Amu, Hubert, Ansari, Iman, Arabloo, Jalal, Ashraf, Tahira, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Ayano, Getinet, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Baig, Atif Amin, Barnett, Anthony, Barrow, Amadou, Baune, Bernhard T, Béjot, Yannick, Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M Mequanint, Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Biswas, Atanu, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brayne, Carol, Brenner, Hermann, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cao, Chao, Carvalho, Felix, Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F S, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chavan, Prachi P, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Edvardsson, David, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Sayed, Iman, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fares, Jawad, Faro, Andre, Farooque, Umar, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Fillit, Howard, Fischer, Florian, Gaidhane, Shilpa, Galluzzo, Lucia, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Gilani, Syed Amir, Glavan, Ionela-Roxana, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hall, Brian J, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Haque, Shafiul, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hassan, Amr, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iacoviello, Licia, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwagami, Masao, Jabbarinejad, Roxana, Jacob, Louis, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kandel, Himal, Karch, André, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Kassie, Gizat M, Keshavarz, Pedram, Khan, Moien AB, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kivimäki, Mika, Koroshetz, Walter J, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Lak, Hassan Mehmood, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Bingyu, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Yuewei, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Lutzky Saute, Ricardo, Magnani, Francesca Giulia, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Massano, João, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Atte, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammed, Arif, Mokdad, Ali H, Mondello, Stefania, Moni, Mohammad Ali Ali, Moniruzzaman, Md, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Nagel, Gabriele, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Oancea, Bogdan, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Urvish K, Pathak, Mona, Peres, Mario F P, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Peterson, Carrie B, Phillips, Michael R, Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A, Pond, Constance Dimity, Potashman, Michele H, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Prada, Sergio I, Radfar, Amir, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Ram, Pradhum, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Robinson, Stephen R, Romoli, Michele, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sathian, Brijesh, Sattin, Davide, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schiavolin, Silvia, Seylani, Allen, Sha, Feng, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaji, KS, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Renata, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Soshnikov, Sergey, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Stein, Dan J, Sun, Jing, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Thakur, Bhaskar, Timalsina, Binod, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasily, Vu, Giang Thu, Vu, Linh Gia, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wimo, Anders, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Murray, Christopher J L, and Vos, Theo
Published: 2022
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35. Excess mortality in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020–2022.

Author: Forthun, Ingeborg, Madsen, Christian, Emilsson, Louise, Nilsson, Anton, Kepp, Kasper P, Björk, Jonas, Vollset, Stein Emil, Lallukka, Tea, and Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo
Subjects: MORTALITY, RESEARCH funding, SEX distribution, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, POPULATION geography, AGE distribution, CAUSES of death, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, EPIDEMICS, COMPARATIVE studies, COVID-19 pandemic, CULTURAL pluralism, REGRESSION analysis, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics)
Abstract: Background The Nordic countries represent a unique case study for the COVID-19 pandemic due to socioeconomic and cultural similarities, high-quality comparable administrative register data and notable differences in mitigation policies during the pandemic. We aimed to compare weekly excess mortality in the Nordic countries across the three full pandemic years 2020–2022. Methods Using data on weekly all-cause mortality from official administrative registers in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, we employed time series regression models to assess mortality developments within each pandemic year, with the period 2010–2019 used as reference period. We then compared excess mortality across the countries in 2020–2022, taking differences in population size and age- and sex-distribution into account. Results were age- and sex-standardized to the Danish population of 2020. Robustness was examined with a variety of sensitivity analyses. Results While Sweden experienced excess mortality in 2020 [75 excess deaths per 100 000 population (95% prediction interval 29–122)], Denmark, Finland and Norway experienced excess mortality in 2022 [52 (14–90), 130 (83–177) and 88 (48–128), respectively]. Weekly death data reveal how mortality started to increase in mid-2021 in Denmark, Finland and Norway, and continued above the expected level through 2022. Conclusion Although the Nordic countries experienced relatively low pandemic excess mortality, the impact and timing of excess mortality differed substantially. These estimates—arguably the most accurate available for any region in capturing pandemic-related excess deaths—may inform future research and policy regarding the complex mortality dynamics in times of a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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36. Production losses from morbidity and mortality by disease, age and sex in Norway.

Author: Kinge, Jonas Minet, de Linde, Astrid, Dieleman, Joseph L., Vollset, Stein Emil, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, and Aas, Eline
Subjects: NET losses, MORTALITY, SUBSTANCE abuse, WOUNDS & injuries, SICK leave, DISABILITY insurance, LABOR productivity, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, SEX distribution, MENTAL illness, MUSCULOSKELETAL system diseases, NECK pain, AGE distribution, NORWEGIANS, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, GLOBAL burden of disease, DISEASE prevalence, WAGES, DISEASES, NEUROLOGICAL disorders, CHRONIC diseases, TUMORS, ECONOMIC aspects of diseases, LUMBAR pain
Abstract: Aim: The inclusion of production losses in health care priority setting is extensively debated. However, few studies allow for a comparison of these losses across relevant clinical and demographic categories. Our objective was to provide comprehensive estimates of Norwegian production losses from morbidity and mortality by age, sex and disease category. Methods: National registries, tax records, labour force surveys, household and population statistics and data from the Global Burden of Disease were combined to estimate production losses for 12 disease categories, 38 age and sex groups and four causes of production loss. The production losses were estimated via lost wages in accordance with a human capital approach for 2019. Results: The main causes of production losses in 2019 were mental and substance use disorders, totalling NOK121.6bn (32.7% of total production losses). This was followed by musculoskeletal disorders, neurological disorders, injuries, and neoplasms, which accounted for 25.2%, 7.4%, 7.4% and 6.5% of total production losses, respectively. Production losses due to sick leave, disability insurance and work assessment allowance were higher for females than for males, whereas production losses due to premature mortality were higher for males. The latter was related to neoplasms, cardiovascular disease and injuries. Across age categories, non-fatal conditions with a high prevalence among working populations caused the largest production losses. Conclusions: The inclusion of production losses in health care priority debates in Norway could result in an emphasis on chronic diseases that occur among younger populations at the expense of fatal diseases among older age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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37. The Norwegian Patient Registry and the Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care : Research potential of two nationwide healthcare registries

Author: BAKKEN, INGER JOHANE, ARIANSEN, ANJA M. S., KNUDSEN, GUN PEGGY, JOHANSEN, KNUT IVAR, and VOLLSET, STEIN EMIL
Published: 2020

38. Cellular immune activity biomarker neopterin is associated hyperlipidemia: results from a large population-based study

Author: Chuang, Shu-Chun, Boeing, Heiner, Vollset, Stein Emil, Midttun, Øivind, Ueland, Per Magne, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Lajous, Martin, Fagherazzi, Guy, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Küehn, Tilman, Pischon, Tobias, Drogan, Dagmar, Tjønneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Quirós, J Ramón, Agudo, Antonio, Molina-Montes, Esther, Dorronsoro, Miren, Huerta, José María, Barricarte, Aurelio, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J, Travis, Ruth C, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Masala, Giovanna, Agnoli, Claudia, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra H, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Palmqvist, Richard, Ljuslinder, Ingrid, Gunter, Marc, Lu, Yunxia, Cross, Amanda J, Riboli, Elio, Vineis, Paolo, and Aleksandrova, Krasimira
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cardiovascular, Nutrition, Aging, Clinical Research, Cell-mediated immunity, Metabolic syndrome, Neopterin, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Clinical sciences
Abstract: BackgroundIncreased serum neopterin had been described in older age two decades ago. Neopterin is a biomarker of systemic adaptive immune activation that could be potentially implicated in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Measurements of waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin as components of MetS definition, and plasma total neopterin concentrations were performed in 594 participants recruited in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).ResultsHigher total neopterin concentrations were associated with reduced HDLC (9.7 %, p
Published: 2016

39. Parental income gradients in adult health: a national cohort study

Author: Evensen, Miriam, Klitkou, Søren Toksvig, Tollånes, Mette C., Øverland, Simon, Lyngstad, Torkild Hovde, Vollset, Stein Emil, and Kinge, Jonas Minet
Published: 2021
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40. Life expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

Author: Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Allebeck, Peter, Tollånes, Mette C, Skogen, Jens Christoffer, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, McGrath, John J., Juel, Knud, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Ärnlöv, Johan, Bjørge, Tone, Carrero, Juan J, Cederroth, Christopher R., Eggen, Anne Elise, El-Khatib, Ziad, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Gissler, Mika, Hadkhale, Kishor, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Johansson, Lars, Juliusson, Peter Benedikt, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Lallukka, Tea, Mekonnen, Teferi, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Naghavi, Mohsen, Neupane, Subas, Nguyen, Truc Trung, Petzold, Max, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, Shiri, Rahman, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Skirbekk, Vegard, Skou, Søren T, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Steiner, Timothy J, Sulo, Gerhard, Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, and Øverland, Simon
Published: 2019
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41. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980–2017, and forecasts to 2030, for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

Author: Frank, Tahvi D, Carter, Austin, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Biehl, Molly H, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Larson, Samantha Leigh, Arora, Megha, Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Steuben, Krista M, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal, Abyu, Direslgne Misker, Adabi, Maryam, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadian, Elham, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemnew, Birhan Tamene T, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alipour, Vahid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Anbari, Zohreh, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Anjomshoa, Mina, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Areri, Habtamu Abera, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Ashagre, Alebachew Fasil, Asmelash, Daniel, Asrat, Anemaw A, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awasthi, Ashish, Awoke, Nefsu, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Banach, Maciej, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belay, Saba Abraham, Belay, Yared Belete, Belayneh, Yaschilal Muche, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Bitew, Helen, Blinov, Andrew, Bogale, Kassawmar Angaw, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath B N, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Carvalho, Félix, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Crider, Raquel, Dahiru, Tukur, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, das Neves, José, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demissie, Dereje Bayissa, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Deribe, Kebede, Des Jarlais, Don, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doan, Linh Phuong, Duber, Herbert, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Duko Adema, Bereket, Effiong, Andem, Eftekhari, Aziz, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, El-Khatib, Ziad, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eyawo, Oghenowede, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatima, Batool, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fullman, Nancy, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gayesa, Reta Tsegaye, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremedhn, Gebreyohannes, Kelali Kalaye, Gedefaw, Getnet Azeze, Gelaw, Belayneh K, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Geta, Birhanu, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ginindza, Themba T G, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Haile, Michael Tamene, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Handanagic, Senad, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Hanfore, Lolemo Kelbiso, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I, Henok, Andualem, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hosgood, H Dean, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hsairi, Mohamed, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Idrisov, Bulat, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, James, Spencer L, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Jorjoran Shushtari, Zahra, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Belete, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kebede, Mihiretu M, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Junaid, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khazaei, Salman, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kochhar, Sonali, Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kuupiel, Desmond, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lee, Jane Jean-Hee, Lenjebo, Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Maddison, Emilie R, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Manafi, Navid, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Mayenga, Emmanuel Ngassa Laurent, Mehta, Varshil, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Melese, Addisu, Melku, Mulugeta, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Mena, Alemayehu Toma, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Amjad, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad Darwesh, Aso, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadi, Moslem, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadoo-Khorasani, Milad, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Moodley, Yoshan, Moossavi, Maryam, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moschos, Marilita M, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Muchie, Kindie Fentahun, Muluneh, Atalay Goshu, Muriithi, Moses K, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nixon, Molly R, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noroozi, Mehdi, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Malihe, Obsa, Mohammed Suleiman, Odame, Emmanuel Ankrah, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olum, Solomon, Oppong Asante, Kwaku Oppong Asante, Oren, Eyal, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, PA, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Pakpour, Amir H, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Paulos, Kebreab, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pourshams, Akram, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad ur, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rawaf, Salman, Reis, Cesar, Renjith, Vishnu, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rios González, Carlos Miguel, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Rostami, Ali, Rubino, Salvatore, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safari, Saeed, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salem, Marwa R Rashad, Salimi, Yahya, Salomon, Joshua A, Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sayyah, Mehdi, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharifi, Hamid, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Jae Il, Shirkoohi, Reza, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sisay, Malede Mequanent M, Sisay, Mekonnen, Sisay, Solomon, Smith, Amanda E, Sokhan, Anton, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soshnikov, Sergey, Stein, Dan J, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sykes, Bryan L, Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Tamirat, Koku Sisay, Taveira, Nuno, Tekelemedhin, Shishay Wahdey, Temesgen, Habtamu Denekew, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Teshale, Manaye Yihune, Thapa, Subash, Tlaye, Kenean Getaneh, Topp, Stephanie M, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Uthman, Olalekan A, Veisani, Yousef, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Wada, Fiseha Wadilo, Waheed, Yasir, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay T, Westerman, Ronny, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wolde, Haileab Fekadu, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, Yeshanew, Addisu Gize, Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yotebieng, Marcel, Youm, Yoosik, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zarghi, Afshin, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zewale, Taye Abuhay, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wang, Haidong, Lim, Stephen S, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2019
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42. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author: Collaborators, Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, Vos, Theo, Barber, Ryan M, Bell, Brad, Bertozzi-Villa, Amelia, Biryukov, Stan, Bolliger, Ian, Charlson, Fiona, Davis, Adrian, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dicker, Daniel, Duan, Leilei, Erskine, Holly, Feigin, Valery L, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Fleming, Thomas, Graetz, Nicholas, Guinovart, Caterina, Haagsma, Juanita, Hansen, Gillian M, Hanson, Sarah Wulf, Heuton, Kyle R, Higashi, Hideki, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Kyu, Hmwe, Laurie, Evan, Liang, Xiofeng, Lofgren, Katherine, Lozano, Rafael, MacIntyre, Michael F, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Odell, Shaun, Ortblad, Katrina, Roberts, David Allen, Roth, Gregory A, Sandar, Logan, Serina, Peter T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Steiner, Caitlyn, Thomas, Bernadette, Vollset, Stein Emil, Whiteford, Harvey, Wolock, Timothy M, Ye, Pengpeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Ãvila, Marco A, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Aziz, Muna I Abdel, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry P, Abraham, Biju, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburto, Tania C, Achoki, Tom, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adelekan, Ademola, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, Josef C, Arnlov, Johan, Agardh, Emilie E, Khabouri, Mazin J Al, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alla, Francois, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Peter J, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Ameli, Omid, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, Benjamin O, Anderson, H Ross, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Apfel, Henry, Arsenijevic, Valentain S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, and Atkins, Lydia S
Subjects: Burden of Illness, Infectious Diseases, Brain Disorders, Pain Research, Mental Health, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Good Health and Well Being, Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Cost of Illness, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Disabled Persons, Female, Global Health, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Neglected Diseases, Prevalence, Residence Characteristics, Sex Distribution, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract: BackgroundUp-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013.MethodsEstimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries.FindingsDisease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2·4 billion and 1·6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537·6 million in 1990 to 764·8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114·87 per 1000 people to 110·31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21·1% in 1990 to 31·2% in 2013.InterpretationAgeing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2015

43. A Prospective Study of the Immune System Activation Biomarker Neopterin and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Author: Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Chuang, Shu-Chun, Boeing, Heiner, Zuo, Hui, Tell, Grethe S, Pischon, Tobias, Jenab, Mazda, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas, Vollset, Stein Emil, Midttun, Øivind, Ueland, Per Magne, Fedirko, Veronika, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Severi, Gianluca, Racine, Antoine, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kühn, Tilman, Tjønneland, Anne, Overvad, Kim, Quirós, J Ramón, Jakszyn, Paula, Sánchez, María-José, Dorronsoro, Miren, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J, Travis, Ruth C, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, May, Anne M, Palmqvist, Richard, Ljuslinder, Ingrid, Kong, So Yeon J, Freisling, Heinz, Gunter, Marc J, Lu, Yunxia, Cross, Amanda J, Riboli, Elio, and Vineis, Paolo
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Cancer, Clinical Research, Digestive Diseases, Adult, Aged, Biomarkers, Tumor, Case-Control Studies, Chromatography, Liquid, Colonic Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms, Europe, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Male, Middle Aged, Neopterin, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Rectal Neoplasms, Sensitivity and Specificity, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Neopterin may be relevant for colorectal cancer (CRC) development, as a biomarker of cellular immune activity exerting pleiotropic effects on cellular ageing, oxidative stress, and inflammation. So far, the association between prediagnostic neopterin and colon and rectal cancer risk has not been evaluated in human populations. A nested case-control study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort using data on plasma concentrations of total neopterin (T-N, sum of neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin) in 830 incident CRC case patients (561 colon and 269 rectal) matched within risk sets to 830 control participants. A subsequent replication study used data from the Hordaland Health Study, where 173 CRC case patients have been diagnosed among 6594 healthy participants over 12 years of follow-up. After multivariable adjustment for a priori chosen CRC risk factors, a "U-shaped" association of T-N with CRC was revealed. Compared with the second quintile of the T-N distribution, the relative risks for the first, third, fourth, and fifth quintiles were 2.37 (95% CI = 1.66 to 3.39), 1.24 (95% CI = 0.87 to 1.77), 1.55 (95% CI = 1.08 to 2.22), and 2.31 (95% CI = 1.63 to 3.27), respectively. Replication of these associations within the Hordaland Health Study yielded similar results. No differences have been observed when the associations were explored by colon and rectal cancer site (two-sided P difference = .87) and after excluding case patients diagnosed within the first four follow-up years. These novel findings provide evidence of the role of both suppressed and activated cell-mediated immunity as reflected by prediagnostic T-N concentrations in the development of CRC.
Published: 2015

44. Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050

Author: Manuela L Ferreira, Katie de Luca, Lydia M Haile, Jaimie D Steinmetz, Garland T Culbreth, Marita Cross, Jacek A Kopec, Paulo H Ferreira, Fiona M Blyth, Rachelle Buchbinder, Jan Hartvigsen, Ai-Min Wu, Saeid Safiri, Anthony D Woolf, Gary S Collins, Kanyin Liane Ong, Stein Emil Vollset, Amanda E Smith, Jessica A Cruz, Kai Glenn Fukutaki, Semagn Mekonnen Abate, Mitra Abbasifard, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Ahmed Abdelalim, Aidin Abedi, Hassan Abidi, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Ali Ahmadi, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Abayneh Tadesse Alamer, Adugnaw Zeleke Alem, Yousef Alimohamadi, Mansour Abdullah Alshehri, Mohammed Mansour Alshehri, Hosam Alzahrani, Saeed Amini, Sohrab Amiri, Hubert Amu, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Benny Antony, Jalal Arabloo, Judie Arulappan, Ashokan Arumugam, Tahira Ashraf, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Nefsu Awoke, Sina Azadnajafabad, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Lope H Barrero, Amadou Barrow, Akbar Barzegar, Lindsay M Bearne, Isabela M Bensenor, Alemshet Yirga Berhie, Bharti Bhandari Bhandari, Vijayalakshmi S Bhojaraja, Ali Bijani, Belay Boda Abule Bodicha, Srinivasa Rao Bolla, Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Andrew M Briggs, Chao Cao, Periklis Charalampous, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Flavia M Cicuttini, Benjamin Clarsen, Sarah Cuschieri, Omid Dadras, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Azizallah Dehghan, Takele Gezahegn G Demie, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Syed Masudur Rahman Dewan, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Meghnath Dhimal, Daniel Diaz, Mojtaba Didehdar, Lankamo Ena Digesa, Mengistie Diress, Hoa Thi Do, Linh Phuong Doan, Michael Ekholuenetale, Muhammed Elhadi, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Shahriar Faghani, Jawad Fares, Ali Fatehizadeh, Getahun Fetensa, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Richard Charles Franklin, Balasankar Ganesan, Belete Negese Belete Gemeda, Motuma Erena Getachew, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Tiffany K Gill, Mahaveer Golechha, Pouya Goleij, Bhawna Gupta, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Pawan Kumar Hamal, Asif Hanif, Netanja I Harlianto, Hamidreza Hasani, Simon I Hay, Jeffrey J Hebert, Golnaz Heidari, Mohammad Heidari, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni Hlongwa, Mohammad-Salar Hosseini, Alexander Kevin Hsiao, Ivo Iavicoli, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Manthan Dilipkumar Janodia, Ravi Prakash Jha, Har Ashish Jindal, Jost B Jonas, Gebisa Guyasa Kabito, Himal Kandel, Rimple Jeet Kaur, Vikash Ranjan Keshri, Yousef Saleh Khader, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Md Jobair Khan, Moien AB Khan, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, Jagdish Khubchandani, Yun Jin Kim, Adnan Kisa, Jitka Klugarová, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Hamid Reza Koohestani, Ai Koyanagi, G Anil Kumar, Narinder Kumar, Tea Lallukka, Savita Lasrado, Wei-Chen Lee, Yo Han Lee, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Jeadran N Malagón-Rojas, Mohammad-Reza Malekpour, Reza Malekzadeh, Narges Malih, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Ritesh G Menezes, Alexios-Fotios A Mentis, Mohamed Kamal Mesregah, Ted R Miller, Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Maryam Mobarakabadi, Yousef Mohammad, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Shafiu Mohammed, Ali H Mokdad, Sara Momtazmanesh, Lorenzo Monasta, Mohammad Ali Moni, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Christopher J L Murray, Tapas Sadasivan Nair, Javad Nazari, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Subas Neupane, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Ali Nowroozi, Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Emad Omer, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Mayowa O Owolabi, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Anamika Pandey, Eun-Kee Park, Shrikant Pawar, Paolo Pedersini, Jeevan Pereira, Mario F P Peres, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Mohammadreza Pourahmadi, Amir Radfar, Shahram Rahimi-Dehgolan, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mosiur Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Nazanin Rajai, Chythra R Rao, Vahid Rashedi, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Zubair Ahmed Ratan, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Andre M N Renzaho, Negar Rezaei, Zahed Rezaei, Leonardo Roever, Guilherme de Andrade Ruela, Basema Saddik, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Sana Salehi, Francesco Sanmarchi, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Saeed Shahabi, Shayan Shahrokhi, Elaheh Shaker, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Mohammed Shannawaz, Saurab Sharma, Maryam Shaygan, Rahim Ali Sheikhi, Jeevan K Shetty, Rahman Shiri, Siddharudha Shivalli, Parnian Shobeiri, Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat, Ambrish Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Helen Slater, Marco Solmi, Ranjani Somayaji, Ker-Kan Tan, Rekha Thapar, Seyed Abolfazl Tohidast, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Rohollah Valizadeh, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Vasily Vlassov, Bay Vo, Yuan-Pang Wang, Taweewat Wiangkham, Lalit Yadav, Ali Yadollahpour, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Lin Yang, Fereshteh Yazdanpanah, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z Younis, Iman Zare, Armin Zarrintan, Mohammad Zoladl, Theo Vos, Lyn M March, Surgery, Erasmus MC other, Public Health, and Pharmacy
Subjects: Rheumatology, Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract: Background: Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. Methods: Population-based studies from 1980 to 2019 identified in a systematic review, international surveys, US medical claims data, and dataset contributions by collaborators were used to estimate the prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from 1990 to 2020, for 204 countries and territories. Low back pain was defined as pain between the 12th ribs and the gluteal folds that lasted a day or more; input data using alternative definitions were adjusted in a network meta-regression analysis. Nested Bayesian meta-regression models were used to estimate prevalence and YLDs by age, sex, year, and location. Prevalence was projected to 2050 by running a regression on prevalence rates using Socio-demographic Index as a predictor, then multiplying them by projected population estimates. Findings: In 2020, low back pain affected 619 million (95% uncertainty interval 554–694) people globally, with a projection of 843 million (759–933) prevalent cases by 2050. In 2020, the global age-standardised rate of YLDs was 832 per 100 000 (578–1070). Between 1990 and 2020, age-standardised rates of prevalence and YLDs decreased by 10·4% (10·9–10·0) and 10·5% (11·1–10·0), respectively. A total of 38·8% (28·7–47·0) of YLDs were attributed to occupational factors, smoking, and high BMI. Interpretation: Low back pain remains the leading cause of YLDs globally, and in 2020, there were more than half a billion prevalent cases of low back pain worldwide. While age-standardised rates have decreased modestly over the past three decades, it is projected that globally in 2050, more than 800 million people will have low back pain. Challenges persist in obtaining primary country-level data on low back pain, and there is an urgent need for more high-quality, primary, country-level data on both prevalence and severity distributions to improve accuracy and monitor change. Funding: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2023

45. The global burden of childhood and adolescent cancer in 2017: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Force, Lisa M., Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Advani, Shailesh M, Agius, Dominic, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Tahiya, Alebel, Animut, Alipour, Vahid, Allen, Christine A., Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Alvarez, Elysia M, Amini, Saeed, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Arabloo, Jalal, Artaman, Al, Atique, Suleman, Awasthi, Ashish, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Basaleem, Huda, Bekru, Eyasu Tamru, Bijani, Ali, Bogale, Kassawmar Angaw, Car, Mate, Carvalho, Félix, Castro, Clara, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Costa, Vera M, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doan, Linh Phuong, Dubey, Manisha, Eftekhari, Aziz, El-Khatib, Ziad, Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, Farhangi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Fouladi Fard, Reza, Friedrich, Paola M, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gedefaw, Getnet Azeze, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamian, Asadollah, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamidi, Samer, Harvey, James D., Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosseini, Seyyed Nasrollah, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hudson, Melissa Maria, Innos, Kaire, Jalilian, Farzad, James, Spencer L., Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kirby, Jeannette, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kocarnik, Jonathan M, Lauriola, Paolo, Lopez, Alan D, Mägi, Margit, Malik, Manzoor Ahmad, Manafi, Ali, Manafi, Navid, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mehta, Varshil, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mir, Seyed Mostafa, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammad Darwesh, Aso, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadoo-Khorasani, Milad, Mokdad, Ali H, Moodley, Yoshan, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moossavi, Maryam, Moradpour, Farhad, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Muchie, Kindie Fentahun, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nazari, Javad, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nixon, Molly R, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Ong, Sok King, Paapsi, Keiu, Pennini, Alyssa, Pereira, David M., Pillay, Julian David, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Raoofi, Samira, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Reiner, Robert C, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Roba, Kedir Teji, Robison, Les L., Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Safiri, Saeid, Salahshoor, Mohamadreza, Salehi Zahabi, Saleh, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawyer, Susan M, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamshirian, Amir, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shirkoohi, Reza, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Jasvinder A., SiRamlee, Khairil, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tran, Bach Xuan, Ullah, Irfan, Vahedian-Azimi, Amir, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Waheed, Yasir, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay, Workie, Hailemariam Mekonnen, Xu, Rixing, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zadnik, Vesna, Zahirian Moghadam, Telma, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zangeneh, Alireza, Zewale, Taye Abuhay, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Murray, Christopher J L, Fitzmaurice, Christina, and Bhakta, Nickhill
Published: 2019
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46. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Feigin, Valery L, Nichols, Emma, Alam, Tahiya, Bannick, Marlena S, Beghi, Ettore, Blake, Natacha, Culpepper, William J, Dorsey, E Ray, Elbaz, Alexis, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Fisher, James L, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Giussani, Giorgia, Glennie, Linda, James, Spencer L, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Marin, Benoît, Mountjoy-Venning, W Cliff, Nguyen, Minh, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Patel, Anoop P, Piccininni, Marco, Roth, Gregory A, Steiner, Timothy J, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Theadom, Alice, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wallin, Mitchell Taylor, Wright, Claire, Zunt, Joseph Raymond, Abbasi, Nooshin, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Aboyans, Victor, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Acharya, Dilaram, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood, Adsuar, Jose C, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayuk, Tambe B, Badawi, Alaa, Banach, Maciej, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Beuran, Mircea, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bililign, Nigus, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Blazes, Christopher Kynrint, Brayne, Carol, Butt, Zahid A, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cantu-Brito, Carlos, Car, Mate, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Franz, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chaiah, Yazan, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chatziralli, Irini, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Cooper, Cyrus, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera M, Criqui, Michael H, Crowe, Christopher Stephen, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Daryani, Ahmad, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, De Leo, Diego, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Deribe, Kebede, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Dinberu, Mesfin Tadese, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doku, David Teye, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Edvardsson, David, El-Khatib, Ziad, Endres, Matthias, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Esteghamati, Sadaf, Farhadi, Farzaneh, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein, Fatima, Batool, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Ganji, Morsaleh, Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho, Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo, Gelaw, Belayneh K, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Geremew, Demeke, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam, Gidey, Mahari Y, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Girma, Efrata Tufa, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Goulart, Alessandra C, Grada, Ayman, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hagos, Tekleberhan B, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heidari, Behnam, Henok, Andualem, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K, Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa, Hu, Guoqing, Igumbor, Ehimario U, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jobanputra, Yash B, Jonas, Jost B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamil, Teshome Abegaz, Kanchan, Tanuj, Karami, Manoochehr, Karch, André, Karimi, Narges, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Kassa, Zemenu Yohannes, Kaul, Anil, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khazaie, Habibolah, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A, Kiirithio, Daniel N, Kim, Anthony S, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishnamurthi, Rita V, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kumar, Manasi, Lacey, Ben, Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lansingh, Van C, Latifi, Arman, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Li, Shanshan, Liao, Yu, Linn, Shai, Lo, Warren David, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lucas, Robyn M, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Mackay, Mark T, Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Manafi, Navid, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, März, Winfried, Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani Phosa, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mate, Kedar K V, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J, Mehta, Varshil, Meier, Toni, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadi, Moslem, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani, Maryam, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, Mousa, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Mondello, Stefania, Moodley, Yoshan, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradinazar, Mehdi, Moraga, Paula, Moreno Velásquez, Ilais, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Muhammed, Oumer Sada, Muruet, Walter, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagel, Gabriele, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Newton, Charles Richard James, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nixon, Molly R, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Malihe, Nyasulu, Peter S, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olivares, Pedro R, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Oren, Eyal, Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, PA, Mahesh, Pakpour, Amir H, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pereira, David M, Petzold, Max, Pillay, Julian David, Piradov, Michael A, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Polinder, Suzanne, Postma, Maarten J, Poulton, Richie, Poustchi, Hossein, Prakash, Swayam, Prakash, V, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rajati, Fatemeh, Ram, Usha, Ranta, Anna, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Reinig, Nickolas, Reis, Cesar, Renzaho, Andre M N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaeian, Shahab, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Rios González, Carlos Miguel, Roberts, Nicholas L S, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Sabbagh, Parisa, Sacco, Ralph L, Sachdev, Perminder S, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Hosein, Safari-Faramani, Roya, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salamati, Payman, Salehi Zahabi, Saleh, Salimi, Yahya, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawant, Arundhati R, Sawhney, Monika, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakir, Raad A, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharif, Mehdi, Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheth, Kevin N, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shiue, Ivy, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq J, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silberberg, Donald H, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Smith, Mari, Sobaih, Badr Hasan, Sobhani, Soheila, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sposato, Luciano A, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Stokes, Mark A, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sykes, Bryan L, Sylaja, PN, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Te Ao, Braden James, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Omar, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Thrift, Amanda G, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Uthman, Olalekan A, Valdez, Pascual R, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasanthan, Rajagopalan, Veisani, Yousef, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasily, Vosoughi, Kia, Vu, Giang Thu, Vujcic, Isidora S, Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weiss, Jordan, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D A, Xu, Gelin, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yamada, Tomohide, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yip, Paul, Yisma, Engida, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zare, Zohreh, Zhang, Yunquan, Zodpey, Sanjay, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher J L, and Vos, Theo
Published: 2019
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47. Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Nichols, Emma, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Vollset, Stein Emil, Abbasi, Nooshin, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdela, Jemal, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akinyemi, Rufus O, Alahdab, Fares, Asgedom, Solomon W, Awasthi, Ashish, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Baune, Bernhard T, Béjot, Yannick, Belachew, Abate B, Bennett, Derrick A., Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Brayne, Carol, Carpenter, David O, Carvalho, Félix, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Choi, Jee-Young J, Dang, Anh Kim, Degefa, Meaza G, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dubey, Manisha, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Edvardsson, David, Endres, Matthias, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Gebre, Abadi K, Geremew, Demeke, Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam, Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hagos, Tekleberhan B, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J., Haro, Josep M, Hay, Simon I, Irvani, Seyed Sina N, Jha, Ravi P, Jonas, Jost B., Kalani, Rizwan, Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khanna, Tripti, Khoja, Tawfik A M, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Kivimäki, Mika, Koyanagi, Ai, Krohn, Kristopher J, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorkowski, Stefan, Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, März, Winfried, Massano, João, Mengistu, Getnet, Meretoja, Atte, Mohammadi, Moslem, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani, Maryam, Mokdad, Ali H, Mondello, Stefania, Moradi, Ghobad, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nguyen, Long H, Nguyen, Trang H, Nirayo, Yirga L, Nixon, Molly R, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix A, Olagunju, Andrew T, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Passos, Valéria M de Azeredo, Pereira, David M., Pinilla-Monsalve, Gabriel D, Piradov, Michael A, Pond, Constance D, Poustchi, Hossein, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Reiner, Robert C, Jr., Robinson, Stephen R, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Russ, Tom C, Sachdev, Perminder S, Safari, Hosein, Safiri, Saeid, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Salimi, Yahya, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood A, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Silva, João P, Smith, Mari, Sobhani, Soheila, Stein, Dan J, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tovani-Palone, Marcos R, Tran, Bach X, Tran, Tung Thanh, Tsegay, Amanuel T, Ullah, Irfan, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasily, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weiss, Jordan, Westerman, Ronny, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wyper, Grant M.A., Yano, Yuichiro, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zare, Zohreh, Vos, Theo, Feigin, Valery L., and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2019
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48. The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Degenhardt, Louisa, Charlson, Fiona, Ferrari, Alize, Santomauro, Damian, Erskine, Holly, Mantilla-Herrara, Ana, Whiteford, Harvey, Leung, Janni, Naghavi, Mohsen, Griswold, Max, Rehm, Jürgen, Hall, Wayne, Sartorius, Benn, Scott, James, Vollset, Stein Emil, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Haro, Josep Maria, Patton, George, Kopec, Jacek, Carvalho Malta, Deborah, Topor-Madry, Roman, McGrath, John, Haagsma, Juanita, Allebeck, Peter, Phillips, Michael, Salomon, Joshua, Hay, Simon, Foreman, Kyle, Lim, Stephen, Mokdad, Ali, Smith, Mari, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Murray, Christopher, and Vos, Theo
Published: 2018
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49. Global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis, 1990–2016: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2016 Study

Author: Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Maddison, Emilie R, Henry, Nathaniel J, Ledesma, Jorge R, Wiens, Kirsten E, Reiner, Robert, Jr, Biehl, Molly H, Shields, Chloe, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Ross, Jennifer M, Carter, Austin, Frank, Tahvi D, Wang, Haidong, Srinivasan, Vinay, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Andrews, Jason R, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Atique, Suleman, Atre, Sachin R, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Badali, Hamid, Badawi, Alaa, Barac, Aleksandra, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belay, Saba Abraham, Bensenor, Isabela M, Butt, Zahid A, Carvalho, Félix, Cercy, Kelly, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Daba, Alemneh Kabeta, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Deribe, Kebede, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Doku, David Teye, Dubey, Manisha, Edessa, Dumessa, El-Khatib, Ziad, Enany, Shymaa, Fernandes, Eduarda, Fischer, Florian, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo, Gelano, Tilayie Feto, Geremew, Demeke, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gupta, Rahul, Haghparast Bidgoli, Hassan, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hedayati, Mohammad T. Tadesse, Henok, Andualem, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hussen, Mamusha Aman, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Johnson, Sarah C, Jonas, Jost B., Kahsay, Amaha, Kant, Surya, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalil, Ibrahim, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Yun Jin, Kochhar, Sonali, Koyanagi, Ai, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kumar, G Anil, Lakew, Ayenew Molla, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Lodha, Rakesh, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Majdzadeh, Reza, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nachega, Jean B, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nong, Vuong Minh, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew T, Oren, Eyal, Pereira, David M., Prakash, Swayam, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Rubino, Salvatore, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M., Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Sharif, Mehdi, Silva, João Pedro, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Uthman, Olalekan A, Vlassov, Vasily, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vu, Giang, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Werdecker, Andrea, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yotebieng, Marcel, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2018
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50. Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of diarrhoea in 195 countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author: Troeger, Christopher, Blacker, Brigette F, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Rao, Puja C, Cao, Shujin, Zimsen, Stephanie RM, Albertson, Samuel B, Stanaway, Jeffery D, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Abebe, Zegeye, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Asgedom, Solomon W, Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Barac, Aleksandra, Barreto, Mauricio L, Bassat, Quique, Belay, Saba Abraham, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bizuneh, Hailemichael, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Edessa, Dumessa, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Eshrati, Babak, Farag, Tamer, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Godwin, William W, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Rahul, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw, Ilesanmi, Olayinka S, Jonas, Jost B, Kahsay, Amaha, Kang, Gagandeep, Kasaeian, Amir, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Muhammad Ali, Khang, Young-Ho, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kotloff, Karen L, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mlashu, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Murthy, Srinivas, Naik, Gurudatta A, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Paudel, Deepak, Platts-Mills, James A, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Ray, Sarah E, Reis, Cesar, Renzaho, Andre MN, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ruhago, George Mugambage, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shigematsu, Mika, Sisay, Mekonnen, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sykes, Bryan L, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tuem, Kald Beshir, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Vollset, Stein Emil, Walson, Judd L, Weaver, Marcia R, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yenesew, Muluken, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Vos, Theo, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher JL, Mokdad, Ali H, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr
Published: 2018
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