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We present a patient with an aortic aneurysm and the epidemiology, etiology, screening, symptoms and therapeutic options of abdominal aortic aneurysms are discussed. A widening of the abdominal aorta >3 cm is termed aortic aneurysm. As patients with aortic aneurysm are mostly oligosymptomatic until rupture occurs and an estimated 30'000 patients annually die from ruptured aortic aneurysm in the US a screening of the population at greatest risk (smokers, familial predisposition) is recommended. Screening is best done by ultrasound. Noninvasive therapy is limited to antiplatelet therapy and optimal adjustment of risk factors. For definitive treatment endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is considered an established alternative to open surgery with lower 30 daysmortality but higher reintervention rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence-based check-up does not only include medical history and physical examination but consultation with regard to recommended vaccinations, screening for cancer and cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with PAD are at high risk for cardiovascular events but frequently claudication is not mentioned during anamnesis, thus specific attention to exercise-dependent leg discomfort is necessary. Recognition of PAD related symptoms is important because it may implicate secondary cardiovascular prevention and specific therapeutic options including walking exercise and endovascular revascularisation exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Unlabelled: Head movement during brain imaging is recognized as a source of image degradation in PET and most other forms of medical brain imaging. However, little quantitative information is available on the kind and amount of head movement that actually occurs during these studies. We sought to obtain this information by measuring head movement in normal volunteers., Methods: Head position data were acquired for 40 min in each of 13 supine subjects with and without head restraint. These data were then used to drive a mathematically simulated head through exactly the same set of movements. The positions of point sources embedded in this head were computed at each location and these data summarized as movement at FWHM in each of the three coordinate directions., Results: Head movement increased with the length of the sampling interval for studies of either type (with or without head restraint), but the amount and rate of increase with restraint was much smaller. In contrast, head movement during consecutive, short sampling intervals was small and did not increase with time. Spatial gradients in head movement were detected within each study type, and significant spatial differences in head movement were found between study types., Conclusions: Head movements in normal, supine subjects, though small, can cause the effective resolution of a brain imaging study to appear to vary in space and time. These effects can be reduced significantly with head restraint and may also be reduced by dividing the acquisition of a single image into a sequence of short images (instead of a single long image), aligning these images spatially and summing the result.

A histological study of the site of a clinically successful bone graft revealed the presence of a downgrowing junctional epithelium between the root surface and the altered graft bone. No new cementum could be seen associated with the osseous autograft, nor was a functional periodontal ligament in evidence adjacent to the grafted bone. It is suggested that the presence of newly formed bone on surgical reentry following bone grafting in periodontal lesions does not necessarily imply that regeneration of the periodontium has occurred.

A study was undertaken to evaluate the long term results of root resections. Records of 100 patients who had undergone root resections 10 years prior to the study were reviewed. Although the immediate postoperative results were gratifying, they were not always lasting. Eighty-four per cent of the failures occurred after 5 years. Most failures were in the mandibular arch and derived from reasons other than inflammatory periodontal disease. Suggestions are made as to how to improve the prognosis of resected teeth.