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In recent years, the maritime sector has become increasingly interested in environmental sustainability issues, leading to the development of innovative technologies and materials. Seldom these solutions were analyzed with a life cycle approach and, when this has been done, the studies have been carried out without a reproducible methodology. The lack of a standardized methodology based on Life Cycle Assessment prevents a fair comparison between studies carried out on different vessels or technological solutions. As a result, determining whether the new solution or the new material employed is more sustainable than the prior one is difficult. The aim of the project was to develop a Product Category Rules (PCR), i.e. the standard that defines the rules for the publication of environmental labels based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies, based on ISO 14044 and ISO 14025, that could be used on a wide variety of vessel categories. This work presents the approach adopted for the development of the PCR, in order to produce comparable outcomes among different investigations. This article also includes an LCA analysis of a boat that represents one of the standard’s fields of application’s extremes, in order to confirm and verify our approach’s applicability. Indeed, we conducted a through investigation of a racing sailing boat built in composite material, whose components are all made by recyclable and recycled materials, i.e., a thermoplastic matrix filled with linen natural fibers.

Roll motion of a planing hull can be easily triggered at high speeds, causing a significant change in hydrodynamic pressure pattern, which can threaten the stability of the vessel. Modeling and investigating roll motion of a planing vessel may require a strong coupling between motions in vertical and transverse planes. In the present paper, we have used a mathematical model to analyze the roll of a planing hull by coupling surge, heave, pitch, and roll motions using 2D + T theory to study the effects of roll-induced vertical motions on roll coefficients and response. Mathematically computed forces and moments as well as roll dynamic response of the vessel are seen to be in fair quantitative agreement with experimentally measured values of previously published data. Using the 2D + T method, it has been shown that to model the roll of a planing hull at high speeds, we need to consider the effects of heave, pitch, and surge motions. Through our mathematical modeling, it is found that freedom in vertical motions increases time-dependent roll damping and added mass coefficients, especially at early planing speeds. The results of dynamic response simulations suggest that freedom in the vertical plane can decrease the roll response.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare bening tumor of kidney origin. It is majority comprised adipose tissue, blood vesses and smooth muscle. We report a case of a spontaneous rupture of renal angiomyolipoma in a 37-year-old pregnant woman.