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3. Hurricane risk assessment in a multi-hazard context for Dominica in the Caribbean

Author

Peter Sammonds, Akhtar Alam, Simon Day, Katerina Stavrianaki, and Ilan Kelman

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Hurricanes can trigger widespread landslides and flooding creating compound hazards and multiple risks for vulnerable populations. An example is the island of Dominica in the Caribbean, where the population lives predominantly along the coast close to sea level and is subject to storm surge, with steep topography rising behind, with a propensity for landslides and flash river flooding. The simultaneous occurrence of the multiple hazards amplifies their impacts and couples with physical and social vulnerabilities to threaten lives, livelihoods, and the environment. Neglecting compound hazards underestimates overall risk. Using a whole island macroscale, (level-I) analysis, susceptibility scenarios for hurricanes, triggered landslides, and floods were developed by incorporating physical process parameters. The susceptibilities were combined with vulnerability indicators to map spatial patterns of hurricane multi-risks in Dominica. The analysis adopted a coupled approach involving the frequency ratio (FR), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and geographic information system (GIS). Detailed hazard modelling was done at selected sites (level-II), incorporating storm surge estimates, landslide runout simulations, and steady flow analysis for floods. High-resolution terrain data and simulation models, the Rapid Mass Movement Simulation (RAMMS) and the hydrologic engineering center’s river analysis system (HEC-RAS), were employed. Ground validation confirmed reasonable agreement between projected and observed scenarios across different spatial scales. Following the United Nations Office for disaster risk reduction (UNDRR) call for the inclusion of local, traditional, and indigenous knowledge, feedback, and expert opinion to improve understanding of disaster risk, 17 interviews with local experts and 4 participatory workshops with residents were conducted, and findings were incorporated into the analysis, so as to gain insights into risk perceptions. The study’s outcomes encompass projections and quantification of hurricane compound hazards, vulnerabilities, accumulated risks, and an understanding of local priorities. These findings will inform decision-making processes for risk mitigation choices and community actions by providing a new framework for multi-hazard risk assessment that is easy to implement in combining different data forms.

Published
2023
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8. The clustering of earthquake magnitudes : from laboratory fracture to earth scale

Author

Stavrianaki, K., Sammonds, P., and Ross, G.

Subjects
550
Abstract

Over the last century statistical seismology has been one of the key methods to describe the nature of the seismic process. The clustering of earthquakes in space and time has been established and is included in statistical models such as the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequences (ETAS) model to describe earthquake occurrence. On the other hand the clustering in magnitude is considered to be zero. If magnitude correlation exist and included in the statistical models this could lead to better interpretation of the seismicity in the region that can be used to update and improve probabilistic forecasts of seismicity. This research seeks to test the existence or not of earthquake magnitude correlations by analysing earthquake catalog data from different regions worldwide. In standard models of seismic hazard such as ETAS, the magnitude of each earthquake is independently drawn from a Gutenberg-Richter distribution. As such, there should not be any correlations between magnitude and seismicity if the usual ETAS assumptions are correct, since the increase in the seismicity only affects the number of aftershocks, while having no effect on their magnitude. We have shown that the mean magnitude of earthquakes is larger during periods of high seismicity confirming the existence of correlations. I additionally studied acoustic emission (AE) data from laboratory triaxial rock deformation experiments. The AE technique provides a means to analyse microcracking activity inside the rock volume and since experiments can be performed to simulate crustal conditions, AE can be used as a proxy for natural processes such as earthquakes. The results have also been analysed in terms of crack length and stress intensity. Finally, two statistical models, the ETAS model which is most widely used in the field of statistical seismology and a compound poisson model have been tested on their forecasting capabilities.

Published
2018

11. Impacts of climate change on diarrhoeal disease hospitalisations: How does the global warming targets of 1.5–2°C affect Dhaka, Bangladesh?

Author

Haque, Farhana, Lampe, Fiona C., Hajat, Shakoor, Stavrianaki, Katerina, Hasan, S. M. Tafsir, Faruque, A. S. G., Ahmed, Tahmeed, Jubayer, Shamim, and Kelman, Ilan

Subjects
RAINFALL, URBAN heat islands, PARIS Agreement (2016), GLOBAL warming, CITIES & towns
Abstract

Dhaka is one of the world's densely populated cities and faces significant public health challenges including high burden of diarrhoeal diseases. Climate change is intensifying existing environmental problems including urban heat island effect and poor water quality. While numerous epidemiological studies have linked meteorological factors to diarrhoeal diseases in Bangladesh, assessment of the impacts of future climate change on diarrhoeal diseases is scarce. We provide the assessment of climate change impacts on diarrhoeal disease in Dhaka and project future health risks under climate change scenarios. About 3 million acute diarrhoea cases presenting to the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b) during 1981–2010 were linked to daily temperature, rainfall and humidity and association investigated using time series adapted negative binomial regression models employing constrained distributed lag linear models. The findings were applied to climate projections to estimate future risks of diarrhoea under various global warming scenarios. There was a significantly raised risk of diarrhoea hospitalisation in all ages with daily mean temperature (RR: 3.4, 95% CI: 3.0–3.7) after controlling for the confounding effects of heavy rainfall, humidity, autocorrelations, day of the week effect, long-term time, and seasonal trends. Using the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.034, temperature increases based on the global warming targets of 1.5–2°C could result in an increase of diarrhoea hospitalisations by 4.5–7.4% in all age groups by the 2100s. These effects were more pronounced among <5 children where the predicted temperature increases could raise diarrhoea hospitalisation by 5.7% - 9.4%. Diarrhoea hospitalisation will increase significantly in Dhaka even if the global warming targets adopted by the Paris Agreement is reached. This underscores the importance of preparing the city for management and prevention of diarrhoeal diseases. Author summary: Dhaka, a resource-constrained, crowded city in Southeast Asia, struggles with serious public health issues, especially a high number of diarrhoeal diseases. Climate change is worsening Dhaka's environmental problems by making Dhaka hotter and deteriorating water quality. While some studies have already looked at how weather affects diarrhoea in Bangladesh, few have examined the future impact of climate change. This study explored how rising temperatures might affect diarrhoea in Dhaka in the future. Using advanced statistical methods, the researchers analysed information from nearly 3 million diarrhoea patients treated at a major hospital in Dhaka from 1981 to 2010. The study found that higher daily temperatures significantly increased the risk of diarrhoea for all age groups, even after considering other factors like heavy rain, humidity, and seasonal patterns. Based on future temperature predictions, even if global warming is limited to 1.5 to 2°C, as targeted by international agreements, diarrhoea cases could rise by 4.5% to 7.4% by the end of the century. The increase could be even higher for children under 5 years old, with hospital admissions going up by 5.7% to 9.4%. This highlights the need for Dhaka city to better prepare for managing and preventing diarrhoeal diseases in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. To Zoom or not to Zoom: A longitudinal study of UK population's activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Lan Li, Ava Sullivan, Anwar Musah, Katerina Stavrianaki, Caroline E Wood, Philip Baker, and Patty Kostkova

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

This longitudinal study determines the frequency and way of people doing activities from Spring 2020 to Summer 2021 during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Six online surveys were carried out between April 2020 and July 2021. 4,992 participants were engaged in the cross-sectional study and 203 participants who provided repeat responses were included in the subset sample of prospective cohort analysis. Primary outcomes measured were the frequency and the mode of doing the activities (online or in-person) across sixteen selected activity groups, as defined by the UK National Time Use Survey. The results show that cultural activities, spending time with others, and travelling, were the activities with the largest proportions of frequency and mode changes. The most significant changes occurred from March to June 2020, a period that included the first lockdown. Survey results from this period show a significant decrease among most of the sixteen measured activities. From March to October 2020, a period which spans the first lockdown and its subsequent ease of restrictions, showed the most significant shift from accessing activities in-person to online. Despite 'Freedom Day', the July 19th 2021 date in which all restrictions were abolished, it was found that people do cultural activities and group activities at a significantly lower frequency than before the pandemic. In addition, despite a lack of restrictions after this date, more than half of participants access many activities, such as spending time with others, shopping, work and studying, online or hybrid. This study provides an invaluable insight into understanding how people in the UK changed their lifestyle, including what activities they do, and how they accessed those activities in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health policy implemented to address the pandemic. These results may serve as unique evidence for policymakers.

Published
2022
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15. MANTRA game analytics: Effectiveness of educational mobile game on knowledge gain and retention of Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) and women in rural Nepal assessed through game analytics

Author

Mueller, Sonja, primary, Stavrianaki, Katerina, additional, Boscor, Andrei, additional, Saville, Naomi, additional, Arjyal, Abriti, additional, Baral, Sushil, additional, Fordham, Maureen, additional, Hearn, Gareth, additional, and Kostkova, Patty, additional

Published
2024
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18. A Rare Case of Low-Grade Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Presenting as a Pharyngeal Polyp: Avoiding a Pitfall With Significant Repercussions

Author

Natalia Georgantzoglou, Donald Green, Joel A. Lefferts, Linda Giannikaki, Eudoxia Chliara, Anna Stavrianaki, Darcy A. Kerr, and Konstantinos Linos

Subjects
body regions, Polyps, Humans, Pharynx, Surgery, Soft Tissue Neoplasms, Lipoma, Liposarcoma, Anatomy, neoplasms, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a nonlipogenic sarcoma of variable histological grade that frequently arises in association with a well-differentiated liposarcoma. Dedifferentiation occurs in approximately 10% of well-differentiated liposarcomas and is most commonly encountered in the retroperitoneum. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the upper respiratory tract is an extremely rare occurrence. Herein, we report a very rare case of low-grade dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the pharynx that presented as a polyp mimicking a benign process clinically and microscopically. We discuss the relevant molecular findings and review the current literature.

Published
2021

21. A Rare Case of Low-Grade Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Presenting as a Pharyngeal Polyp: Avoiding a Pitfall With Significant Repercussions.

Author

Georgantzoglou, Natalia, Green, Donald, Lefferts, Joel A., Giannikaki, Linda, Chliara, Eudoxia, Stavrianaki, Anna, Kerr, Darcy A., and Linos, Konstantinos

Subjects
LIPOSARCOMA, POLYPS, ADENOMATOUS polyps, SARCOMA
Abstract

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a nonlipogenic sarcoma of variable histological grade that frequently arises in association with a well-differentiated liposarcoma. Dedifferentiation occurs in approximately 10% of well-differentiated liposarcomas and is most commonly encountered in the retroperitoneum. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the upper respiratory tract is an extremely rare occurrence. Herein, we report a very rare case of low-grade dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the pharynx that presented as a polyp mimicking a benign process clinically and microscopically. We discuss the relevant molecular findings and review the current literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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25. Term dependent assumptions : application and features of discount rate and increase curves

Author

Stavrianaki, Maria, Le Roes, Stephan, and Simões, Onofre

Subjects
Funding level, Avaliação atuarial, Actuarial valuation, Trustees, Investimento, Assunções económicas de termo dependent, Nivel de financiamento, Investimento (Português) Pension Scheme, Actuarial valuation, Trustees, Term-dependent economic assumptions, Funding level, Investment, Investment, Nivel de financiamento, Pension Scheme, Term-dependent economic assumptions, Esquema de pensão
Abstract

Mestrado em Actuarial Science The purpose of this work is to present the methodology behind the application of discount and increase rates for UK pension valuations. It describes the valuation process of pension schemes in UK and specifically for Defined Benefit pensions which are pensions with a predetermined income at retirement. Specifically, it focuses on the methods of valuing today, liabilities that are due to be paid in the future regarding economic parameters. For many years the dominant approach to value the future liabilities was based on single rates but lately a more modern sophistication has been used which derives a different rate for each future year. This report contributes to a better understanding of measuring the funding position regarding the different methodologies on setting of assumptions from a corporate and Trustee perspective. It identifies the approach that pension fund managers and sponsors should follow in setting the assumptions for valuing pension liabilities so as to meet their fiduciary duty to beneficiaries. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2017

26. Use of DIC and AE for Monitoring Effective Strain and Debonding in FRP and FRCM-Retrofitted RC Beams

Author

Ben Sargeant, Daniel A. Pohoryles, Matthias Fabian, Ben Lishman, Katerina Stavrianaki, José Melo, C McCague, and Tiziana Rossetto

Subjects
Digital image correlation, Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, Fibre-reinforced plastic, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cracking, Acoustic emission, Fiber Bragg grating, Mechanics of Materials, 021105 building & construction, Ceramics and Composites, Cementitious, Deformation (engineering), Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, business, Strain gauge, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The effective strain in composites, along with their potential rupture and debonding, plays a crucial role in predicting the strength of retrofitted reinforced concrete (RC) beams. However, only limited experimental data on these phenomena are available, mainly because of the inadequacy of traditional deformation and strain measurement techniques. This paper presents a comparative analysis of instrumentation for monitoring retrofitted RC elements. In particular, the paper addresses beams retrofitted with composite materials, FRPs (fiber-reinforced polymers), and FRCMs (fiber-reinforced cementitious mortars). It also considers strain gauges, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, LVDTs, digital image correlation (DIC), and acoustic emission (AE) sensors for monitoring strain, displacement, cracking, and debonding. Experiments on six beams are carried out, and the measured data from the monitoring devices are compared. The accuracy of DIC for strain and displacement monitoring is shown to match the perf...

Published
2017
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27. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: clinicopathological characteristics and implications for treatment in 276 patients

Author

Theodore Karatzas, Ioannis Vasileiadis, Anna Stavrianaki, Stylianos Kapetanakis, Gregory Kouraklis, Efthimios Karakostas, and Georgios Charitoudis

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Multivariate analysis, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Clinical Biochemistry, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Thyroid carcinoma, medicine, Carcinoma, Clinical significance, Radiology, Young adult, business, Thyroid cancer
Abstract

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (6): 657–664 Abstract Background There is debate concerning the clinical significance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), and therefore, the rise in the incidence of PTMC creates management dilemmas. The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of PTMC in an island region that has a high prevalence of goitre and to determine risk factors for the worst prognosis. Materials and methods Data from 1874 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy between January 2002 and December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 276 patients who were diagnosed with PTMC in a final pathology report were included in the study. A PTMC was defined as a papillary thyroid carcinoma with a diameter ≤ 10 mm. Clinicopathological features were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Of the 276 patients with PTMC, 219 patients (79·3%) were incidentally diagnosed. Two hundred and two patients had carcinomas of ≤ 5 mm, and 74 patients presented with carcinomas that ranged in size from 0·6 to 1·0 cm. Lymph node metastasis was diagnosed in 3·5% of patients with tumours ≤ 5 mm, and 21·6% of patients presented tumours > 5 mm. Upon multivariate analysis, clinically suspected diagnosis, a tumour size > 5 mm and an age over 45 years at diagnosis were independent risk factors for capsule invasion, while tumour multifocality, bilaterality, size of tumour > 5 mm and thyroid capsule invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis at diagnosis. Conclusions Patients presenting multifocal, bilateral PTMC with a maximum diameter > 5 mm and thyroid capsule invasion may have an increased risk of lymph node metastasis. These factors should be considered in the follow-up for these patients.

Published
2011
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28. Wide QRS tachycardia caused by severe hyperkalaemia and digoxin intoxication

Author

Georgia S. Goranitou, Danai Stavrianaki, and Dimitris K. Babalis

Subjects
Tachycardia, Bradycardia, Digoxin, medicine.medical_specialty, Hyperkalemia, Electrocardiography, QRS complex, Heart Rate, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Procainamide, Anesthesia, Potassium, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, circulatory and respiratory physiology, medicine.drug
Abstract

We report the case of a 78-year-old woman, with previous narrow QRS atrial fibrillation, who in the presence of mild digoxin intoxication and severe hyperkalaemia, caused by chronic renal failure and usage of potassium sparing drugs, presented on her ECG two distinct wide QRS tachycardias. Initial treatment with low doses of procainamide resulted in severe bradycardia. Her original rhythm was restored after partial correction of hyperkalaemia with haemodialysis under continuous infusion of lidocaine. The electrocardiographic manifestations of hyperkalaemia and digoxin intoxication as well as the effect of lidocaine and procainamide on hyperkalaemia-induced wide QRS tachycardias are discussed.

Published
2005
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29. Plexiform (Multinodular) Schwannoma of Soft Palate. Report of a Case

Author

Stylianos, Kapetanakis, Ioannis, Vasileiadis, Aristotelis, Petousis, Aliki, Fiska, and Anna, Stavrianaki

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Palatal Neoplasms, Soft palate, business.industry, General Medicine, Schwannoma, medicine.disease, Plexiform Schwannoma, Benign tumor, Lesion, Young Adult, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tongue, Plexiform neurofibroma, medicine, Humans, Female, Histopathology, Palate, Soft, medicine.symptom, business, Neurilemmoma
Abstract

РЕЗЮМЕ Плексиформенная шваннома представляет собой доброкачественное образование нервной оболочки, характеризующееся мультинодулярной плексифор- менной моделью роста. Всего 5% шванном имеют плексиформенную или мультинодулярную модели роста. 25% экстракраниальных шванном локали- зуются в области головы и шеи, а только 1% имеют интраоральное происхождение. Интра- оральные шванномы поражают чаще всего язык, небо, слизистую оболочку рта, губы и десны. Для подтверждения диагноза делается микро- скопическое исследование. Характерные гистоло- гические признаки расположены палисадно, а верете- новидные шванновые клетки - вокруг центральной ацеллюлярной зоны, т.н. тела Verocay. Авторы описывают случай 21-летней женщины с гладким постоянно нарастающим образованием на мягком небе. Проведено хирургическое удаление образования, как и гистологическое и иммуногис- тологическое исследования поражения, подтвер- ждающие мультинодулярную шванному мягкого не- ба. За пациенткой проводится общее клиническое наблюдение в течение 17 мес.; признаки рецидива отсутствуют. О плексиформенных шванномах мягкого неба очень редко имеются данные в англоязычной литературе. На этот редкий вид доброкачественной опухоли следует обратить необходимое внимание и из-за факта, что ошибочно можно поставить диагноз „плексиформенная нейрофиброма”.

Published
2012
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31. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Clinicopathological characteristics and implications for treatment in 276 patients

Author

Vasileiadis, I. Karakostas, E. Charitoudis, G. Stavrianaki, A. Kapetanakis, S. Kouraklis, G. Karatzas, T.

Abstract

Background There is debate concerning the clinical significance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), and therefore, the rise in the incidence of PTMC creates management dilemmas. The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of PTMC in an island region that has a high prevalence of goitre and to determine risk factors for the worst prognosis. Materials and methods Data from 1874 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy between January 2002 and December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 276 patients who were diagnosed with PTMC in a final pathology report were included in the study. A PTMC was defined as a papillary thyroid carcinoma with a diameter ≤10mm. Clinicopathological features were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Of the 276 patients with PTMC, 219 patients (79·3%) were incidentally diagnosed. Two hundred and two patients had carcinomas of ≤5mm, and 74 patients presented with carcinomas that ranged in size from 0·6 to 1·0cm. Lymph node metastasis was diagnosed in 3·5% of patients with tumours ≤5mm, and 21·6% of patients presented tumours >5mm. Upon multivariate analysis, clinically suspected diagnosis, a tumour size >5mm and an age over 45years at diagnosis were independent risk factors for capsule invasion, while tumour multifocality, bilaterality, size of tumour >5mm and thyroid capsule invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis at diagnosis. Conclusions Patients presenting multifocal, bilateral PTMC with a maximum diameter >5mm and thyroid capsule invasion may have an increased risk of lymph node metastasis. These factors should be considered in the follow-up for these patients. © 2011 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation © 2011 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

Published
2012

32. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: clinicopathological characteristics and implications for treatment in 276 patients

Author

Ioannis, Vasileiadis, Efthimios, Karakostas, Georgios, Charitoudis, Anna, Stavrianaki, Stylianos, Kapetanakis, Gregory, Kouraklis, and Theodore, Karatzas

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Adolescent, Greece, Goiter, Carcinoma, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Carcinoma, Papillary, Young Adult, Treatment Outcome, Risk Factors, Thyroid Cancer, Papillary, Lymphatic Metastasis, Multivariate Analysis, Thyroidectomy, Humans, Female, Thyroid Neoplasms, Aged, Iodine, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

There is debate concerning the clinical significance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), and therefore, the rise in the incidence of PTMC creates management dilemmas. The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of PTMC in an island region that has a high prevalence of goitre and to determine risk factors for the worst prognosis.Data from 1874 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy between January 2002 and December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 276 patients who were diagnosed with PTMC in a final pathology report were included in the study. A PTMC was defined as a papillary thyroid carcinoma with a diameter ≤ 10 mm. Clinicopathological features were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses.Of the 276 patients with PTMC, 219 patients (79·3%) were incidentally diagnosed. Two hundred and two patients had carcinomas of ≤ 5 mm, and 74 patients presented with carcinomas that ranged in size from 0·6 to 1·0 cm. Lymph node metastasis was diagnosed in 3·5% of patients with tumours ≤ 5 mm, and 21·6% of patients presented tumours5 mm. Upon multivariate analysis, clinically suspected diagnosis, a tumour size5 mm and an age over 45 years at diagnosis were independent risk factors for capsule invasion, while tumour multifocality, bilaterality, size of tumour5 mm and thyroid capsule invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis at diagnosis.Patients presenting multifocal, bilateral PTMC with a maximum diameter5 mm and thyroid capsule invasion may have an increased risk of lymph node metastasis. These factors should be considered in the follow-up for these patients.

Published
2011

33. Diffuse alopecia in a hemodialysis patient caused by a low-molecular-weight heparin, tinzaparin

Author

Loukas Kaklamanis, Efrosini Tsele, Marios Siakotos, Danai Stavrianaki, Giorgia Bagiatoudi, Konstantinos Salpigidis, and Evangelos Sarris

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Low molecular weight heparin, Gastroenterology, Extracorporeal, Tinzaparin, Fibrinolytic Agents, Renal Dialysis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Aged, integumentary system, business.industry, Alopecia, Heparin, Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight, Discontinuation, Surgery, Diffuse alopecia, Nephrology, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Hemodialysis, business, Fibrinolytic agent, medicine.drug
Abstract

The authors report on a 66-year-old hemodialysis patient who had diffuse alopecia while on anticoagulation treatment to prevent extracorporeal blood clotting with a low- molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), tinzaparin. The alopecia reversed completely when tinzaparin was substituted by another LMWH, enoxaparin. The biopsy findings, the possible mechanisms of heparin's action in the hair roots, and the restoration of the patient's hairs after the discontinuation of tinzaparin are discussed.

Published
2003

34. Mental health of children in institutional social care: Empirical findings from Greece

Author

Agathonos-Georgopoulou, Helen, Agathonos-Georgopoulou, Helen, Sarafidou, Jasmina, Stavrianaki, Metaxia, Agathonos-Georgopoulou, Helen, Agathonos-Georgopoulou, Helen, Sarafidou, Jasmina, and Stavrianaki, Metaxia

Abstract

Within the framework of a EU funded collaborative program against social exclusion, a study was carried out in Greece on the mental health of children living in institutional social care. The sample comprised 204 out of 2.173 children 6-18 years, randomly selected, living in all (29) institutions of social care under the state and the Greek Orthodox Church. An additional 250 children in residential care provided by NGO's and voluntary organizations were not included in the study. Findings revealed a steady decline in the population of children in institutions while an increasing need for fostering is being observed. At the time of the study (December 2002 - March 2003), 2.773 children 0-18 years were living under state care, 2.173 in institutions, and 600 in foster families, comprising 1:1000 of the total population of children in the country. The instruments administered were: a) the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), b) a questionnaire on the child and its family, and c) a questionnaire on the institution, its policies and functions. All institutions responded with information on 95% of the children sample. Results depict a high morbidity of mental health disorders as one in three children were clinically diagnosed with a mental health problem while differences in morbidity were observed among the three categories of institutions, reflecting the specific historical and cultural characteristics that have been influencing the evolution of child welfare policies in the country. As child protection in Greece manifests itself very differently to that of other countries in the EU, the re-orientation needed should bridge the gap between the organizational separation of child protection and mental health which is contributing in the violation of children's rights, as well as on the combination of cultural sensitivity and empirical evidence while being in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Published
2004

37. Vascular access - 1

Author

Utz Settmacher, Wu-Chang Yang, Michael Heise, A.R. Zarate, Luc Turmel-Rodrigues, Young Soo Kim, Daniele Ciurlino, Antonius Rabsch, R. Martínez-Cercós, Hidetoshi Kanai, Ramazan Kaya, O. Ibrik, Machiko Okamoto, Silvia Furiani, B. Rossi, Anna Bednarek-Skublewska, Cornelia Zierold, Samir S. Patel, Deven Juneja, Vincenzo La Milia, Suk Young Kim, Roland Kaufmann, Pierre Bourquelot, Serge Cournoyer, Tanja Roche, Sehmus Ozmen, Georgina Bailey, Hossam El-Shazly, George Stavgianoudakis, Nicole Daniel, Michele Roy, Margarita Villa, Alexander Koch, Petra Kirschner, George Soltys, Paraskevi Tseke, Lara Traversi, Mi Jung Shin, Zuhat Urzakci, Mayoor V. Prabhu, Lisa Savoie, Heather Duncan, M. Feriani, Violaine Begin, Michiya Shinozaki, Nestor Thereska, Nektaria Giapraka, Giorgia Bagiatudi, Elena Bruschetta, Francesco Locatelli, Sabina Libardi, Cheuk-Chun Szeto, Wojciech Załuska, Mohan Sathyanarayanan, Lambros Papatzikos, John Paul Killen, Sun Ae Yoon, Andrzej Ksiazek, R. Roca-Tey, Erjola Likaj, Yong Soo Kim, Mahmoud El-Khatib, F. Antonucci, Ahmet Duraku, Tokuya Nakahara, A. Rivas, Stephan Lotze, Christos Andriopoulos, Claudia Foltys, Visweswar Reddy Pachipala, Sridhar Gandhe, Ireen Töpfer, K.S. Nayak, Giuseppe Pontoriero, M. Nordio, Kai Ming Chow, J. Viladoms, Elisavet Stamataki, Ivano Baragetti, Tiziana Mazzullo, Chih-Ching Lin, Sreepada Subhramanyam, Myftar Barbullushi, N. Tessitore, Davut Akin, Giovanni Regine, Giuseppe Bacchini, Murty Mantha, Myeong A. Cheong, Philip Kam-Tao Li, Saimir Seferi, Silvio Bertoli, J.C. Romero, Sandra Dennler, Claudio Musetti, Young Ok Kim, I. Giménez, Julien Gaudric, Kenichi Oguchi, Marek Iłżecki, Prabir Roy-Chaudhury, E. Camerin, Mikiko Ayada, Charlotte Giroux, Konstantinos Salpiggidis, Stanisław Przywara, Palepu B Gopal, Sindy König, Yuet Ling Poon, Kenji Harada, Richard Baer, Manabu Asano, Ahsan Ullah, Evangelos Sarris, Ho Cheol Song, R. Samon, Enzo Corghi, Timmy Lee, G. Piccoli, Jan Tawakol, Claudio Pozzi, Elena Alberghini, Antono Carnabuci, Danai Stavrianaki, M. Raghavendran, Laura Buzzi, Elpida Kalyveza, Merita Rroji, Cristina Sarcina, Guyette Vallee, and Veronica Terraneo

Subjects
Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Nephrology, business.industry, medicine, Vascular access, Intensive care medicine, business
Published
2009
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41. The use of physical punishment in the Greek family: selected socio-demographic aspects

Author

Fereti, Irene, Fereti, Irene, Stavrianaki, Metaxia, Fereti, Irene, Fereti, Irene, and Stavrianaki, Metaxia

Abstract

Founded on data from a larger research study of the use of physical punishment in the Greek family, this paper focuses on selected socio-demographic aspects of the phenomenon. The study involved 591 interviews, based on a structured questionnaire, with mothers of 6-year-old and 12-year-old schoolchildren. We investigated socio-demographic variables in terms of their association with the incidence of physical punishment. The variables included the child's age and gender, the presence of siblings or their being an only child, living in a single or two-parent family, the mother’s age and level of education and the family’s socio-economic status. Ultimately these findings, along with the results of the entire research project, may contribute to the implementation of a comprehensive policy to reduce physical punishment in Greece.

Published
1997

43. Internal laryngopyocele as a cause of acute airway obstruction: an extremely rare case and review of the literature.

Author

Vasileiadis I, Kapetanakis S, Petousis A, Stavrianaki A, Fiska A, and Karakostas E

Subjects
Acute Disease, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Suppuration complications, Airway Obstruction etiology, Laryngocele complications, Pseudomonas Infections complications, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract

The laryngocele is an abnormal cystic dilatation of the saccule or appendix of the laryngeal ventricle, filled with air and communicating with the lumen of the larynx. When the neck of the laryngocele is obstructed, it becomes filled with mucus of the glandular secretion and is changed to a laryngomucocele. When this lesion becomes infected, a laryngopyocele is formed. The laryngocele is fairly rare and laryngopyocele occurs even more rarely. Overall, 39 cases of laryngopyocele have been reported in the world literature. Only in 4 cases was a laryngopyocele reported to have caused acute airway obstruction and only one case of internal laryngopyocele causing acute airway obstruction has been reported until now. This is the first case reported in the literature of an internal laryngopyocele in a female patient in a septic condition, which caused almost 100% obstruction of the airway. An emergency tracheotomy was performed in order to secure the airway. Computed tomography of neck was performed which revealed a cystic 29 mm hypodense mass extending from the right false vocal cord to the level of the epiglottis, narrowing the laryngeal cavity and causing an almost 100% airway obstruction. Laryngopyoceles may present with a rapid and alarming obstruction of the airway and, therefore, an urgent tracheotomy may be inevitable. It is an emergency case, in the field of otolaryngology, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute airway obstruction, especially when hoarseness, stridor and fever are present. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion for these lesions and scrupulous clinical and radiological evaluation. A computed tomography scan is critical in determining the nature and site of the lesion. The recommended treatment of laryngopyocele is immediate endoscopic drainage. Definitive management of laryngopyoceles is surgical excision which can be performed immediately after endoscopic drainage or some time thereafter.

Published
2012

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