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1. European Quantum Ecosystems -- Preparing the Industry for the Quantum Security and Communications Revolution

Author

Farrugia, Noel, Bonanno, Daniel, Frendo, Nicholas, Xuereb, André, Kosmatos, Evangelos, Stavdas, Alexandros, Russo, Marco, Montrucchio, Bartolomeo, Menchetti, Marco, Bacco, Davide, Marigonda, Silvia, Stocco, Francesco, Morgari, Guglielmo, and Manzalini, Antonio

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Computer Science - Emerging Technologies, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Abstract

There is mounting evidence that a second quantum revolution based on the technological capabilities to detect and manipulate single quantum particles (e.g., electrons, photons, ions, etc), a feat not achieved during the first quantum revolution, is progressing fast. It is expected that in less than 10 years, this second quantum revolution shall have a significant impact over numerous industries, including finance, medicine, energy, transportation, etc. Quantum computers threaten the status quo of cybersecurity, due to known quantum algorithms that can break asymmetric encryption, which is what gives us the ability to communicate securely using a public channel. Considering the world's dependence on digital communication through data exchange and processing, retaining the ability to communicate securely even once quantum computers come into play, cannot be stressed enough. Two solutions are available: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC); which, we emphasise, are not mutually exclusive. The EuroQCI initiative, of which EQUO is a part of, focuses on QKD and aims to build a network whereby EU countries can communicate securely through QKD. To this aim, the DEP (Digital Europe Programme) project aims to bring technological matureness to QKD by deploying a QKD test network and, through this exercise, understand what is lacking from an operator's point of view when the time to integrate QKD in their network comes., Comment: IEEE 2024 International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and Computing (QCNC)

Published
2024
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6. Taking Advantage of Elastic Optical Networks

Author

Stavdas, Alexandros, Matrakidis, Chris, Gunkel, Matthias, Asensio, Adrian, Velasco, Luis, Varvarigos, Emmanouel, Christodoulopoulos, Kostas, Mukherjee, Biswanath, Series editor, López, Víctor, editor, and Velasco, Luis, editor

Published
2016
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9. Design of wavelength multiplexers/demultiplexers for WDM optical networks

Author

Stavdas, Alexandros Arisitidis

Subjects
621.319, Wavelength routed networks
Abstract

Wavelength multi/demultiplexers are essential components in wavelength routed networks. The design requirements for a free-space diffraction grating with subnanometer channel spacing are presented. The analytic conditions for stationarity of second order aberration coefficient with respect to wavelength are derived for a spherical concave grating. The introduction of these conditions to the derived analytic expression for the means squared geometric transverse ray deviation and the wavefront variance allows to obtain a performance near to diffraction-limited. The experimental results confirm the accuracy of the theoretical predictions. Design considerations for an integrated optic concave grating are presented.

Published
1995

11. AirQKD: The Role of Free-Space Optics Quantum Key Distribution Enabling Pragmatic Secure and Scalable Communications

Author

Davidson, Zoe C. M., Hugues-Salas, Emilio, Bonner, Gerald M., Jones, Brynmor E., Prentice, John, Kariappa, Sharana, Fowler, Daniel S., Oliveira, Romerson D., Zhang, Peide, Andersson, Yuri, Kosmatos, Evangelos A., Stavdas, Alexandros, and Lord, Andrew

Abstract

Next generation communications will require the exploration of alternatives to existing technologies to enable end-to-end connections for secure data exchange. 5G presents advanced connectivity opportunities even for remote rural areas. However, existing 5G platforms will benefit from complementary methods to enhance network capabilities and fulfill trust requirements. Due to high throughput data links, high-beam directivity, and energy efficiency, free-space optics (FSO) is an alternative solution with the potential to deliver high-performance and efficient security. FSO systems can be improved by adding quantum-key-distribution security to overcome advances in quantum computation. However, practical FSO quantum key distribution (FSO-QKD) requires simultaneous engineering of many elements. To oversee this requirement, the Innovate-UK project addresses the possibility of metropolitan-scale “last-mile” quantum secure connectivity through the use of free-space QKD links to support real-life use cases. In this article, we outline the design, development, and deployment of these elements within the AirQKD project.

Published
2024
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19. The network is the robot

Author

Manzalini, Antonio and Stavdas, Alexandros

Subjects
Telecommunications industry
Abstract

Ultra-broadband diffusion, information technology (IT) advances and the market mass decreasing costs are determining a growing adoption of processing and storage resources at the edge of current telecom networks that, untimately, are the end-users. The number of devices connected to the network is growing at an exponential rate: embedded communications are everywhere. 'Machine intelligence' is rapidly migrating towards the end-user, determining a number of socio-economic implications. Smart cities are going to become populated by any sort of mobile terminals, devices, machines, smart things, sensors, actuators, drones, robots etc. In general, ICT will basically become accessible to enterprises in any part of the world on an (almost) equal basis. In turn, this will reduce the thresholds for new players to enter the ICT services markets, moving the competition towards Opex-based models. This tendency is progressively accelerating and, from a socio-economic perspective, it is going to determine a transition from our society and the economy of resources towards the digital society and the digital economy. In this evolutionary scenario, telecommunications services are likely to be packaged with other services, and new services paradigms will be exploited: as an example, this paper proposes the model 'anything-as-a-service', where any devices, machines, smart things, robots, drones, etc. will look like edge intelligent nodes providing the end-users with 'any services'. This transformation will require an highly flexible and pervasive 5G network, embedding processign and storage and providing high bandwidth, ultra-low latency links so as to create, literally, an innovative 'nervous system' for the digital society. Eventually, this evolution will be capable of modernizing urban services such as transport, energy, water, food, education and will create new business opportunity, by integrating, systemically, 5G, big data and robotics. Key words: smart cities, SDN, NFV, 5G, cloud robotics, big data, machines., Socio-economic drivers (e.g., the markets globalization, the hyperconnection of the economic variables), progress in IT technologies (i.e., processing and storage), tumbling hardware costs and availability of open source software are [...]

Published
2014

20. European Vision for the 6G Network Ecosystem

Author

Bernardos, Carlos J., Uusitalo, Mikko A., Anton, Carles, Artuñedo, David, Demestichas, Panagiotis, Fettweis, Gerhard, Frascolla, Valerio, Kaloxylos, Alexandros, Harilaos Koumaras, Magen, Jacques, Gomez, Pedro Merino, Norp, Toon, Rugeland, Patrik, Tomkos, Ioannis, Aguiar, Rui L., Chico, Jose Almodovar, Bourdoux, André, Dhouha Ayed, Azcorra, Arturo, Bassoli, Riccardo, Chafika Benzaid, Berardinelli, Gilberto, Bingert, Raphael, Buzzi, Stefano, Filippou, Miltiadis C., Mur, Daniel Camps, Chiani, Marco, Condoluci, Massimo, Conti, Andrea, Murillo, Luis Miguel Contreras, Davoli, Franco, De Cola, Tomaso, De Peppe, Raffaele, Díaz, Almudena, Donmez, Yunus, Dotaro, Emmanuel, Jean-Michel Duquerrois, Ekelund, Björn, Jorg-Peter Elbers, Ericson, Mårten, Fiore, Marco, Fitzek, Frank, Fletcher, Simon, Flinck, Hannu, Gianesello, Frederic, Gomez-Barquero, David, Haliloglu, Omer, Hallingby, Hanne K, Haneda, Katsuyuki, Herzog, Uwe, Hoffmann, Marco, Huusko, Jyrki, Iovanna, Paola, Kyosti, Pekka, Da Silva, Icaro Leonardo, Lonsethagen, Håkon, Mildh, Gunnar, Muñoz, Raul, Nimr, Ahmad, Parssinen, Aarno, Parzysz, Fanny, Payaró, Miquel, Ramantas, Konstantinos, Ramos, Aurora, Joao A. Rodrigues, Saimler, Merve, Muris Sarajlic, Seppänen, Kari, Stavdas, Alexandros, Svensson, Tommy, Tillman, Fredrick, Tomur, Emrah, Soykan, Elif Ustundag, Vajnanarayana, Vijaya, Liesbet Van Der Perre, Vanelli-Coralli, Alessandro, Vardakas, John, Verdone, Roberto, Wänstedt, Stefan, Wikström, Gustav, Wymeersch, Henk, Zemen, Thomas, Zhang, Yue, Ziegler, Volker, and Yaning Zou

Published
2021
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21. Dynamic CANON: a scalable multidomain core network

Author

Stavdas, Alexandros, Orphanoudakis, Theofanis G., Leligou, Helen C., Kanonakis, Konstantinos, and Matrakidis, Chris

Subjects
Network architecture, Fiber transmission equipment, Network architecture -- Research, Fiber optic networks -- Usage
Published
2008

26. Enabling Technologies

Author

Santoni, Stefano, primary, Cigliutti, Roberto, additional, Giltrelli, Massimo, additional, Donadio, Pasquale, additional, Matrakidis, Chris, additional, Paparella, Andrea, additional, Politi, Tanya, additional, Potenza, Marcello, additional, Pincemin, Erwan, additional, and Stavdas, Alexandros, additional

Published
2010
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29. Assessment on the Achievable Throughput of Multi-Band ITU-T G.652.D Fiber Transmission Systems

Author

Ferrari, Alessio, primary, Napoli, Antonio, additional, Fischer, Johannes K., additional, Costa, Nelson, additional, D'Amico, Andrea, additional, Pedro, Joao, additional, Forysiak, Wladek, additional, Pincemin, Erwan, additional, Lord, Andrew, additional, Stavdas, Alexandros, additional, Gimenez, Juan Pedro F.-P., additional, Roelkens, Gunther, additional, Calabretta, Nicola, additional, Abrate, Silvio, additional, Sommerkorn-Krombholz, Bernd, additional, and Curri, Vittorio, additional

Published
2020
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30. Assessment on the Achievable Throughput of Multi-band ITU-T G.652.D Fiber Transmission Systems

Author

Ferrari, Alessio, Napoli, Antonio, Fischer, Johannes Karl, Costa, Nelson Manuel Simoes Da, D'amico, Andrea, Pedro, Joao, Forysiak, Wladek, Pincemin, Erwan, Lord, Andrew, Stavdas, Alexandros, Fernandez-palacios Gimenez, Juan Pedro, Roelkens, Gunther, Calabretta, Nicola, Abrate, Silvio, Sommerkorn-krombholz, Bernd, Curri, Vittorio, Ferrari, Alessio, Napoli, Antonio, Fischer, Johannes Karl, Costa, Nelson Manuel Simoes Da, D'amico, Andrea, Pedro, Joao, Forysiak, Wladek, Pincemin, Erwan, Lord, Andrew, Stavdas, Alexandros, Fernandez-palacios Gimenez, Juan Pedro, Roelkens, Gunther, Calabretta, Nicola, Abrate, Silvio, Sommerkorn-krombholz, Bernd, and Curri, Vittorio

Abstract

Fiber-optic multi-band transmission (MBT) aims at exploiting the low-loss spectral windows of single-mode fibers (SMFs) for data transport, expanding by ∼11× the available bandwidth of C-band line systems and by ∼5× C+L-band line systems'. MBT offers a high potential for cost-efficient throughput upgrades of optical networks, even in absence of available dark-fibers, as it utilizes more efficiently the existing infrastructures. This represents the main advantage compared to approaches such as multi-mode/-core fibers or spatial division multiplexing. Furthermore, the industrial trend is clear: the first commercial C+L-band systems are entering the market and research has moved toward the neighboring S-band. This article discusses the potential and challenges of MBT covering the ITU-T optical bands O → L. MBT performance is assessed by addressing the generalized SNR (GSNR) including both the linear and non-linear fiber propagation effects. Non-linear fiber propagation is taken into account by computing the generated non-linear interference by using the generalized Gaussian-noise (GGN) model, which takes into account the interaction of non-linear fiber propagation with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and in general considers wavelength-dependent fiber parameters. For linear effects, we hypothesize typical components' figures and discussion on components' limitations, such as transceivers,' amplifiers' and filters' are not part of this work. We focus on assessing the transmission throughput that is realistic to achieve by using feasible multi-band components without specific optimizations and implementation discussion. So, results are meant to address the potential throughput scaling by turning-on excess fiber transmission bands. As transmission fiber, we focus exclusively on the ITU-T G.652.D, since it is the most widely deployed fiber type worldwide and the mostly suitable to multi-band transmission, thanks to its ultra-wide low-loss single-mode high-dispersion spe

Published
2020

32. D3.1 Selection of metro node architectures and optical technology options

Author

Andrew Lord, Piat, Anna Chiadò, Percelsi, Alessandro, Quagliotti, Marco, Riccardi, Emilio, Moreolo, Michela Svaluto, Fabrega, Josep M., Nadal, Laia, F. Javier Vilchez, Neelakandan Manihatty Bojan, Shuangyi Yan, Nejabati, Reza, Velasco, Luis, Junyent, Gabriel, Comellas, Jaume, Ruiz, Marc, Francesco Fresi, Cugini, Filippo, Vergara, Jorge E. López De, López, Sergio, Julián, Guillermo, Zazo, José F., Tobías Alonso, Stavdas, Alexandros, Parker, Mike, Fischer, Johannes, Emmerich, Robert, Calabretta, Nicola, Chigo Okonkwo, Costa, Nelson, Pedro, João, D'Errico, Antonio, Dochhan, Annika, Eiselt, Michael, Danish Rafique, Layec, Patricia, Boitier, Fabien, Almonacil, Sylvain, Pavón, Pablo, Dios, Óscar González De, and Hernández, José Alberto

Abstract

D3.1 reports details of the Metro Node and Optical Network Elements architectures together with the relevant design guidelines for the access-metro and metro-core edge nodes, as well as the WDM transport systems. The design guidelines and specifications for the technical implementations to be undertaken in WP4 and WP5 are reported, together with a complete outline of the activities undertaken in WP3 during the first year of the METRO-HAUL project.

Published
2018
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34. Integrated design and operation of a transparent optical network: a systematic approach to include physical layer awareness and cost function

Author

Politi, Christina T., Haunstein, Herbert, Schupke, Dominic A., Stavdas, Alexandros, Gunkel, Matthias, Martensson, Jonas, and Lord, Andrew

Subjects
Internet service provider, Bandwidth allocation, Bandwidth technology, Digital multiplexing -- Research, Multichannel communication -- Research, Multiplexing -- Research, Internet service providers -- Quality management, Optical communications -- Analysis, Bandwidth -- Service enhancement
Published
2007

40. A service-oriented hybrid access network and clouds architecture

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GCO - Grup de Comunicacions Òptiques, Velasco Esteban, Luis Domingo, Contreras, Luis Miguel, Ferraris, Giuseppe, Stavdas, Alexandros, Cugini, Filippo, Wiegand, Manfred, Fernández Palacios, Juan Pedro, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GCO - Grup de Comunicacions Òptiques, Velasco Esteban, Luis Domingo, Contreras, Luis Miguel, Ferraris, Giuseppe, Stavdas, Alexandros, Cugini, Filippo, Wiegand, Manfred, and Fernández Palacios, Juan Pedro

Abstract

Many telecom operators are deploying their own cloud infrastructure with the two-fold objective of providing cloud services to their customers and enabling network function virtualization. In this article we present an architecture we call SHINE, which focuses on orchestrating cloud with heterogeneous access and core networks. In this architecture intra and inter DC connectivity is dynamically controlled, maximizing the overall performance in terms of throughput and latency while minimizing total costs. The main building blocks are: a future-proof network architecture that can scale to offer potentially unlimited bandwidth based on an active remote node (ARN) to interface end-users and the core network; an innovative distributed DC architecture consisting of micro-DCs placed in selected core locations to accelerate content delivery, reducing core network traffic, and ensuring very low latency; and dynamic orchestration of the distributed DC and access and core network segments. SHINE will provide unprecedented quality of experience, greatly reducing costs by coordinating network and cloud and facilitating service chaining by virtualizing network functions., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author’s final draft)

Published
2015

43. Core and Metro Networks - Chapter 4: Enabling Technologies

Author

Santoni, Stefano, Cigliutti, Roberto, Giltrelli, Massimo, Donadio, Pasquale, Matrakidis, Chris, Paparella, Andrea, Politi, Tanya, Potenza, Marcello, Pincemin, Erwan, and Stavdas, Alexandros

Subjects
telecommunication, laser diodes (LDs), optical networks, optical networks, optical communication, fiber optic transmission system, fiber optic transmission system, optical communication
Published
2010

46. Next generation elastic optical networks: The vision of the European research project IDEALIST

Author

Napoli, Antonio, primary, Bohn, Marc, additional, Rafique, Danish, additional, Stavdas, Alexandros, additional, Sambo, Nicola, additional, Poti, Luca, additional, Nolle, Markus, additional, Fischer, Johannes Karl, additional, Riccardi, Emilio, additional, Pagano, Annachiara, additional, Di Giglio, Andrea, additional, Moreolo, Michela Svaluto, additional, Fabrega, Josep Maria, additional, Hugues-Salas, Emilio, additional, Zervas, Georgios, additional, Simeonidou, Dimitra, additional, Layec, Patricia, additional, D'Errico, Antonio, additional, Rahman, Talha, additional, and Gimenez, Juan Pedro Fernandez-Palacios, additional

Published
2015
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47. Next generation optical nodes: The vision of the European research project IDEALIST

Author

Hugues-Salas, Emilio, primary, Zervas, Georgios, additional, Simeonidou, Dimitra, additional, Kosmatos, Evangelos, additional, Orphanoudakis, Theofanis, additional, Stavdas, Alexandros, additional, Bohn, Marc, additional, Napoli, Antonio, additional, Rahman, Talha, additional, Cugini, Filippo, additional, Sambo, Nicola, additional, Frigerio, Silvano, additional, D'Errico, Antonio, additional, Pagano, Annachiara, additional, Riccardi, Emilio, additional, Lopez, Victor, additional, and Gimenez, Juan Pedro Fernandez-Palacios, additional

Published
2015
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