27 results on '"Staudinger, Markus"'
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2. Multi-scale Patterns in Plant Species Richness of European High Mountain Vegetation
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Virtanen, Risto, primary, Dirnböck, Thomas, additional, Dullinger, Stefan, additional, Pauli, Harald, additional, Staudinger, Markus, additional, and Grabherr, Georg, additional
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- 2019
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3. The net ecosystem productivity penalty of high vapor pressure deficit at a subalpine coniferous forest in Switzerland
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Hörtnagl, Lukas, primary, Gharun, Mana, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Burri, Susanne, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Shekhar, Ankit, additional, Meier, Philip, additional, Baur, Thomas, additional, Staudinger, Markus, additional, Etzold, Sophia, additional, Zweifel, Roman, additional, and Buchmann, Nina, additional
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- 2023
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4. Qualitative und quantitative Entwicklung der Pioniervegetation an der Donau im Bereich der Pilotprojekte Bad Deutsch-Altenburg und Witzelsdorf
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Korner, Ingo and Staudinger, Markus
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- 2016
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5. How initial confirmatory experience potentiates the detrimental influence of bad advice
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Staudinger, Markus R. and Büchel, Christian
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- 2013
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6. Gestalt perception and the decline of global precedence in older subjects
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Staudinger, Markus R., Fink, Gereon R., Mackay, Clare E., and Lux, Silke
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- 2011
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7. Thinning the thickets: Foraging of hardy cattle, sheep and goats in green alder shrubs
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Pauler, Caren M., primary, Zehnder, Tobias, additional, Staudinger, Markus, additional, Lüscher, Andreas, additional, Kreuzer, Michael, additional, Berard, Joël, additional, and Schneider, Manuel K., additional
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- 2022
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8. Syntaxonomic revision of the Pannonian grasslands of Austria – Part III: Danube and March-Thaya floodplain (including the Slovak side of the river March/Morava)
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Willner, Wolfgang, Kadlec, Gerhard, Staudinger, Markus, Sauberer, Norbert, Hegedüšová, Katarína, Škodová, Iveta, Zuna-Kratky, Thomas, and Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise
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Slovakia ,FOS: Biological sciences ,Austria ,Phragmito-Magnocaricetea ,grasslands ,Festuco-Brometea ,Molinio-Arrhenatheretea - Abstract
The floodplain of the rivers Danube, March/Morava and Thaya/Dyje in eastern Austria and western Slovakia harbours a great diversity of meadows, reed swamps and sedge-bed communities. However, the grasslands along the Danube have not been adequately addressed by any study up to now, and a transnational revision of the alluvial grasslands is completely lacking. In this third part of a series focusing on the syntaxonomy of the Pannonian grasslands of Austria, we present a detailed classi- fication of the grassland and marsh vegetation of the Danube and March-Thaya floodplain. We compiled all available relevés from the study area belonging to the classes Phragmito-Magnocaricetea, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Festuco-Brometea. In total, our data set comprised 2119 relevés, of which 355 were from Slovakia. We conducted a TWINSPAN classification and, based on a provisional syn- taxonomic interpretation of the clusters, assigned all relevés to classes, orders, alliances and asso- ciations using the total cover of the diagnostic species in each relevé as the assignment criterion. We identified 42 associations and five provisional communities belonging to 14 alliances. Our revision includes substantial changes to previous overviews, in particular regarding the alluvial grasslands of the March-Thaya floodplain. We merge Lathyro palustris-Gratioletum, Gratiolo-Caricetum suzae, Cnidio- Violetum pumilae, Serratulo-Plantaginetum altissimae and “Silaetum pratensis” into only two associations (Gratiolo-Caricetum suzae and Cnidio-Violetum pumilae, alliance Deschampsion), which are differentiated along the moisture gradient. The Ophioglosso-Caricetum tomentosae is revealed as a geographical vicariant of the Cnidio-Violetum pumilae, replacing the latter along the Danube. The Agropyro-Alopecuretum pratensis is newly reported for Austria. The mesic Festuca rupicola grasslands along the March/Morava (previously named “Serratulo-Festucetum commutatae”) are included in the Colchico-Festucetum rupicolae (Cirsio-Brachypodion). Ranunculo bulbosi-Arrhenatheretum, Pasti- naco-Arrhenatheretum, Festuco rupicolae-Brometum and Polygalo-Brachypodietum (the latter in a new 96 subass. selaginelletosum helveticae) are confirmed as widespread grassland types in the Danube floodplain, and the Teucrio botryos-Andropogonetum (Festucion valesiacae) is split into two sub- associations. Moreover, we report four grassland types dominated by Elymus repens and Calamagrostis epigejos, provisionally treated as rankless communities, which have been neglected by all previous authors.
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- 2022
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9. Cognitive reappraisal modulates expected value and prediction error encoding in the ventral striatum
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Staudinger, Markus R., Erk, Susanne, Abler, Birgit, and Walter, Henrik
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- 2009
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10. Distribution patterns, range size and niche breadth of Austrian endemic plants
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Essl, Franz, Staudinger, Markus, Stöhr, Oliver, Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise, Rabitsch, Wolfgang, and Niklfeld, Harald
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- 2009
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11. Spatial and temporal variability of soil water in drylands: plant water potential as a diagnostic tool
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Veste, Maik, Staudinger, Markus, and Küppers, Manfred
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- 2008
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12. Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Striatal Reward Encoding during Reappraisal of Reward Anticipation
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Staudinger, Markus R., Erk, Susanne, and Walter, Henrik
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- 2011
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13. Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe
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Willner, Wolfgang, primary, Roleček, Jan, additional, Korolyuk, Andrey, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Chytrý, Milan, additional, Janišová, Monika, additional, Lengyel, Attila, additional, Aćić, Svetlana, additional, Becker, Thomas, additional, Ćuk, Mirjana, additional, Demina, Olga, additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Kącki, Zygmunt, additional, Kuzemko, Anna, additional, Kropf, Matthias, additional, Lebedeva, Mariya, additional, Semenishchenkov, Yuri, additional, Šilc, Urban, additional, Stančić, Zvjezdana, additional, Staudinger, Markus, additional, Vassilev, Kiril, additional, and Yamalov, Sergey, additional
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- 2019
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14. Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands of central and eastern Europe
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Willner, Wolfgang, Roleček, Jan, Korolyuk, Andrey, Dengler, Jürgen, Chytrý, Milan, Janišová, Monika, Lengyel, Attila, Aćić, Svetlana, Becker, Thomas, Ćuk, Mirjana, Demina, Olga, Jandt, Ute, Kącki, Zygmunt, Kuzemko, Anna, Kropf, Matthias, Lebedeva, Mariya, Semenishchenkov, Yuri, Šilc, Urban, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Staudinger, Markus, Vassilev, Kiril, Yamalov, Sergey, Willner, Wolfgang, Roleček, Jan, Korolyuk, Andrey, Dengler, Jürgen, Chytrý, Milan, Janišová, Monika, Lengyel, Attila, Aćić, Svetlana, Becker, Thomas, Ćuk, Mirjana, Demina, Olga, Jandt, Ute, Kącki, Zygmunt, Kuzemko, Anna, Kropf, Matthias, Lebedeva, Mariya, Semenishchenkov, Yuri, Šilc, Urban, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Staudinger, Markus, Vassilev, Kiril, and Yamalov, Sergey
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The European semi-dry grasslands belong to the most species-rich vegetation types of the northern hemisphere and form an important part of habitat mosaics of the forest-steppe zone. However, a comprehensive evaluation of compositional variation and phytosociological classification of these grasslands is still missing. For our syntaxonomic revision, we used a dataset of 34,173 vegetation plot records (relevés) from Central and Eastern Europe which were assigned to the class Festuco-Brometea using the diagnostic species listed in the EuroVegChecklist. To determine the diagnostic species of the orders, we used a TWINSPAN classification of the whole dataset. 15,449 relevés were assigned to the order Brachypodietalia pinnati, which corresponds to semi-dry grasslands. This subset was again classified with TWINSPAN. We established formal definitions for the following alliances: Mesobromion erecti, Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (incl. Fragario-Trifolion montani, Agrostio-Avenulion schellianae, Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae and Adonido vernalis-Stipion tirsae), Scorzonerion villosae and Chrysopogono-Danthonion. Another alliance, Armerion elongatae (= Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis p.p.), is transitional towards the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea and its status needs further evaluation. We also established formal definitions of all associations of the Mesobromion and Cirsio-Brachypodion within the study area. Associations were identified using (i) the TWINSPAN classification of the whole order, (ii) TWINSPAN classifications of regionally restricted data sets (usually all Brachypodietalia plots of one country) and (iii) existing national classification schemes. All formal definitions were written in the expert system language of the JUICE program. To get a more complete picture of the floristic similarities and gradients, we performed a DCA ordination of the associations. Our results show that meadow steppes of the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Europe are very similar to s
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- 2019
15. Formalized classification of semi-dry grasslands in central and eastern Europe
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Willner, Wolfgang, Willner, Wolfgang, Rolecek, Jan, Korolyuk, Andrey, Dengler, Juergen, Chytry, Milan, Janisova, Monika, Lengyel, Attila, Aćić, Svetlana, Becker, Thomas, Cuk, Mirjana, Demina, Olga, Jandt, Ute, Kacki, Zygmunt, Kuzemko, Anna, Kropf, Matthias, Lebedeva, Mariya, Semenishchenkov, Yuri, Silc, Urban, Stancić, Zvjezdana, Staudinger, Markus, Vassilev, Kiril, Yamalov, Sergey, Willner, Wolfgang, Willner, Wolfgang, Rolecek, Jan, Korolyuk, Andrey, Dengler, Juergen, Chytry, Milan, Janisova, Monika, Lengyel, Attila, Aćić, Svetlana, Becker, Thomas, Cuk, Mirjana, Demina, Olga, Jandt, Ute, Kacki, Zygmunt, Kuzemko, Anna, Kropf, Matthias, Lebedeva, Mariya, Semenishchenkov, Yuri, Silc, Urban, Stancić, Zvjezdana, Staudinger, Markus, Vassilev, Kiril, and Yamalov, Sergey
- Abstract
European semi-dry grasslands are among the most species-rich vegetation types in the northern hemisphere and form an important part of the habitat mosaics in the forest-steppe zone. However. there is no comprehensive evaluation of the variation in their composition and the phytosocio-logical classification of these grasslands. For the syntaxonomic revision, we used a dataset of 34,173 vegetation plot records (releves) from central and eastern Europe. which were assigned to the class Fesiuco-Bromeiea using the diagnostic species listed in the EuroVegChecklist. To determine the diagnostic species of the orders, we used a TWINSPAN classification of the whole dataset. Of the total dataset, 15,449 releves were assigned to the order Brachypodietalia pinnati. which corresponds to semi-dry grasslands. This subset was again classified using TWINSPAN. Formal definitions of the following alliances were established: Mesobromion erecti, Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati (incl. Fragario-Trifolion montani. Agrosiio-Avenulion schellianae, Scabioso ochroleucae-Poion angustifoliae and Adonido vernalis-Stipion iirsae), Scorzonerion villosae and Chrysopogono-Danshonion. Another alliance, Armerion elongatae (=Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis p.p.). is transitional towards the class Koelerio-Corynephoreiea and its status needs further evaluation. We also established formal definitions of all of the associations of Mesobromion and Cirsio-Brachypodion within the area studied. Associations were identified using (i) a TWINSPAN classification of the whole order, (ii) TWINSPAN classifications of regionally restricted data sets (usually all Brachypodietalia plots in one country) and (iii) existing national classification schemes. All formal definitions were written in the expert system language of the JUICE program. To obtain a more complete picture of the floristic similarities and gradients. we performed a DCA ordination of the associations. Our results revealed that meadow steppes in the forest-steppe z
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- 2019
16. 'ÖBM-Kulturlandschaft': An Austrian farmland biodiversity monitoring with remote sensing and field surveys
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Guariento, Elia, Schindler, Stefan, Banko, Gebhard, Moser, Dietmar, Grillmayer, Roland, Rabitsch, Wolfgang, Essl, Franz, Zulka, Klaus Peter, Paternoster, David, Staudinger, Markus, Zuna-Kratky, Thomas, Gallmetzer, Nina, Neuwirth, Martin, Lackner, Stefan, Pascher, Kathrin, and Tiefenbach, Maria Stejskal
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- 2018
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17. The Austrian biodiversity monitoring “ÖBM Kulturlandschaft” and a unified biodiversity number for trend assessments
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Schindler, Stefan, primary, Zulka, Klaus Peter, additional, Banko, Gebhard, additional, Moser, Dietmar, additional, Grillmayer, Roland, additional, Rabitsch, Wolfgang, additional, Essl, Franz, additional, Paternoster, David, additional, Staudinger, Markus, additional, Zuna-Kratky, Thomas, additional, Gallmetzer, Nina, additional, Pascher, Kathrin, additional, and Stejskal-Tiefenbach, Maria, additional
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- 2018
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18. Evaluating the zonation fo the Biosphere Reserve Wienerwald: How well does the conversation zone contribute to biodiversity conservation?. Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB) | Final Report
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Moser, Dietmar (Hrsg.), Hülber, Karl (Hrsg.), Staudinger, Markus (Hrsg.), Sauberer, Norbert (Hrsg.), Grass, Viktoria (Hrsg.), Willner, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Moser, Dietmar (Hrsg.), Hülber, Karl (Hrsg.), Staudinger, Markus (Hrsg.), Sauberer, Norbert (Hrsg.), Grass, Viktoria (Hrsg.), and Willner, Wolfgang (Hrsg.)
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- 2017
19. Syntaxonomische Revision der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften in Österreich : 1. Einführung und allgemeiner Überblick
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Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, and Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise
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ddc:580 - Abstract
The Pannonian part of Austria is a diverse landscape situated in the transition zone between the Alps, the Bohemian Massif and the Carpathian Basin. Although the grasslands of this region have been investigated in many botanical and vegetation studies, their phytosociological classification has remained confusing. With this paper, we start a series aiming at a developement of a revised, consistent system of the Austrian Pannonian grasslands. Here we present a general overview focusing on the higher syntaxonomic units. We define grasslands as all types of meadows, pastures, fens and primary steppes. We selected all available relevés of Pannonian grasslands from the Austrian Vegetation Database. Additional unpub-lished data were included from the Danube National Park and the Biosphere Reserve Vienna Woods. To account for the comparatively low number of relevés from the northern part of the Pannonian region of Austria (Weinviertel), we included also data from southern Moravia (Czech Republic). This set of 3384 relevés was classified using TWINSPAN. Relevés that were considered as misclassified at the alliance level according to the summarised cover of diagnostic species were manually re-arranged, and the data-set specific fidelity of species to alliances was calculated using the phi coefficient. The first TWINSPAN division largely corresponded to the traditional border between the classes Festuco-Brometea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The conventional alliance concepts were generally well supported. As an exception, the distinction between Diantho-Seslerion and Bromo-Festucion pallentis was not reproduced at all. Therefore, we unite all rocky grasslands on calcareous soils in a single alliance Seslerio-Festucion pallentis. We also advocate the inclusion of all basiphilous semi-dry grasslands of the study area within a single alliance Cirsio-Brachypodion. Each of the corresponding TWINSPAN clusters showed a clear prevalence of Cirsio-Brachypodion species. Moreover, two separate alliances of semi-dry grasslands would have almost no regional character species. Der pannonische Teil Österreichs ist eine der abwechslungsreichsten Landschaften in Mitteleuropa. Zwar wurden die Rasengesellschaften dieser Region bereits in zahlreichen botanischen und vegetationskundlichen Studien beschrieben, doch stellt sich deren pflanzensoziologische Gliederung nach wie vor recht verworren dar. Mit dieser Arbeit beginnen wir eine Publikations-Serie mit dem Ziel, ein revidiertes, konsistentes System der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften Österreichs zu erarbeiten. Basierend auf der numerischen Klassifikation eines großen Datensatzes geben wir einen groben Überblick, und diskutieren einige syntaxonomische Probleme mit Fokus auf den höheren Einheiten (Verbänden). Die detaillierte Klassifikation auf Assoziations- und Subassoziationsniveau wird in den nächsten Teilen folgen, wobei wir jeweils eine landschaftlich mehr oder weniger homogene Subregion (vergleichbar den "Wiesenregionen" nach Suske et al. 2003) behandeln werden. Der Teil 2 dieser Serie wird die Rasengesellschaften im Wienerwald behandeln (siehe Willner et al. 2013 in diesem Band). Eine Synopsis für das gesamte österreichische Pannonicum und angrenzende Gebiete soll den Schluss der Serie bilden.
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- 2014
20. Syntaxonomische Revision der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften in Österreich : 2. Wienerwald
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Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, Grass, Viktoria, Kraus, Reinhard, Moser, Dietmar, Rötzer, Harald, and Wrbka, Thomas
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ddc:580 - Abstract
As second part of a series focusing on the Pannonian grasslands of Austria, we present a detailed classification of the grasslands of the Vienna Woods (Wienerwald). This region, although geographically belonging to the Alps, has strong floristic affinities to the Pannonian Basin. The eastern slopes of the Vienna Woods are a hotspot of xero-thermophytic vegetation and exhibit the highest vascular plant species richness in Austria at a scale of 3' x 5'. We used the TWINSPAN classification of a large data set reported in the first part of this series as starting point. Relevés that were considered as misclassified at the level of alliances were manually re-arranged. From this table, an excerpt containing only the relevés of the Vienna Woods was used for the present study (1055 plots). We re-classified the relevés preliminary labelled as Arrhenatherion with another TWINSPAN run. Clusters for which no ecological difference could be detected were merged. The final delimitation of associations and subassociations was achieved by adjusting their diagnostic species so as to get units that were most informative in terms of environmental conditions. All re-arrangements were based on the summarised cover of diagnostic species within individual relevés. As a result, the grasslands of the Vienna Woods are classified within 22 associations (plus two subassociations) belonging to ten alliances and four classes. Within the Seslerio-Festucion pallentis, a new association Scorzonero austriacae-Caricetum humilis is described. The semi-dry grasslands of the study area previously classified as Onobrychido-Brometum are de-scribed as new association Filipendulo vulgaris-Brometum erecti and assigned to the Cirsio-Brachypodion. The Anthoxantho-Agrostietum tenuis is reported for Austria for the first time, and its syntaxonomy is discussed within a broader geographical context. Nachdem im ersten Teil dieser Serie ein allgemeiner Überblick über die pannonischen Rasengesellschaften Österreichs gegeben wurde (Willner et al. 2013), legen wir hier nun eine detaillierte Klassifikation für das Gebiet des Wienerwalds vor. Obwohl geographisch zu den Alpen gehörig, weist der Wienerwald enge floristische Beziehungen zum Pannonischen Becken auf. Die Wiesen und Trockenrasen dieser Region zählen zu den best erhaltenen in Österreich und dank der in den letzten zwanzig Jahren durchgeführten zahlreichen Freilanderhebungen auch zu den best dokumentierten. Allerdings lag bislang keine befriedigende Klassifikation dieser Pflanzengesellschaften vor. Die 2005 erfolgte Einrichtung des Biosphärenparks Wienerwald, und nachfolgende Pläne für eine flächendeckende Kartierung des Gebiets machten die Erarbeitung einer solchen Gliederung dringend notwendig. Dies gab – neben Unklarheiten in der Zuweisung der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften zu Natura 2000-Lebensraumtypen – den Anstoß zu der vorliegenden Untersuchung.
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- 2014
21. Cognitive regulation effects on neural responses to reward and drug- conditioned cues in healthy participants and current smokers
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Staudinger, Markus Robert
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Nicotine addiction ,Reward ,Emotion regulation ,fMRI ,Striatum - Abstract
To have satisfying and rich social, professional, or inner lives, we have to be able to produce and express positive feelings. Sometimes however, we have to regulate immediate positive feelings in order to be able to pursue “better” actions, that is, actions that will lead to delayed beneficial outcomes or avoid detrimental ones. Thus, emotion regulation (ER) contributes to the preservation of mental and bodily health. Conversely, the inability to regulate pathological desire for rewarding drugs is a central characteristic of addictive disorders such as nicotine addiction. In this dissertation, I used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate three important questions: (a) Is the ER strategy of distancing suited to regulate reward- related desire and motivation as well as neural signals that underlie the computation of reward? (b) What are the neural processes that underpin successful regulation of reward? (c) Can smokers learn to use ER to successfully regulate both craving and neural smoking cue responses? In study I, I show that healthy subjects are able to use ER to diminish feelings of reward anticipation and pleasure in the context of monetary reward. Furthermore, I demonstrate that ER diminishes ventral striatal signals that underlie the expectation (i.e., expected value [EV] signals) and evaluation (i.e., prediction error [PE] signals) of reward. These results suggest that healthy subjects that are willing to modify disagreeable reward-related behavior—for instance, the excessive consumption of sweets—may use ER to reduce EV signals pertaining to reward predicting cues (e.g., the sight of a chocolate bar) and may thus diminish their craving for reward. Furthermore, the ER effects on reward PE suggest that during the consumption of reward, subjects can influence how much pleasure they experience. In study II, I show that distancing from monetary reward also diminishes behaviorally measurable motivation to obtain reward. Moreover, I provide evidence that in the putamen reward motivation is converted into action and that ER prevents such conversion via modulation of the putamen. Finally, I demonstrate that successful regulation of neural EV encoding is partly mediated by DLPFC modulation of the putamen. In sum, the results of study II show that ER can reduce behavioral and neural markers of the motivation to obtain reward. Furthermore, the results shed further light on the mechanisms of prefrontal- subcortical interactions during ER. In study III, I can show that both satiated and overnight abstinent smokers can use ER to regulate craving for smoking when they are exposed to smoking cues in a safe laboratory environment. Moreover, degree of nicotine dependence does not impair this ability to regulate craving via ER. At the neural level, I demonstrate that ER reduces neural responses to smoking cues in smoking status-independent (VMPFC) as well as in abstinence-specific (caudate, amygdala, and subgenual ACC) brain regions. However, I also show that in the left caudate, ER-related reductions of smoking cue responses decreased with increasing degree of nicotine dependence. In sum, the results of study III suggest that smokers can really be trained to use ER skills to control craving for smoking as well as neural smoking cue responses in addiction-relevant areas. Future studies have to investigate whether such effects are replicable under field conditions, where smoking cues are omnipresent and cigarettes available., Die Fähigkeit positive Gefühle hervorzubringen und auszudrücken ist eine unerlässliche Voraussetzung für ein befriedigendes Sozial-, Berufs-, oder Innenleben. Ab und zu ist es jedoch notwendig, positive Gefühle herunterzuregulieren, um Handlungen zu verfolgen, die langfristig vorteilhaftere Ergebnisse einbringen oder schädliche vermeiden. Die Fähigkeit der Emotionsregulation (ER) trägt also zur Bewahrung der körperlichen und seelischen Gesundheit bei. Umgekehrt ist es ein charakteristisches Merkmal von Suchterkrankungen, dass die Betroffenen ihr pathologisches Verlangen nach der Droge nicht regulieren können. In dieser Dissertation untersuchte ich mittels funktioneller Magnetresonanztomographie drei Fragestellungen: (a) Ist die ER Strategie des Distanzierens dazu geeignet, belohnungsbezogenes Verlangen und neuronale Signale zu modulieren, die zur Berechnung von Belohnung beitragen? (b) Welches sind die neuronalen Prozesse, die der erfolgreichen ER zugrunde liegen? (c) Können Raucher ER dazu benutzen ihr Rauchverlangen und Rauchhinweisreiz (RHR) bezogene Hirnaktivierungen zu mindern? Studie I belegt, dass ER bei Gesunden zu einer Verminderung von Vorfreude und Freude angesichts finanzieller Belohnungen führt. Des Weiteren führt Distanzieren zu einer Verminderung von ventralen striatalen Signalen, die der Belohnungserwartung (Erwartungswert, EW) und der Belohnungsevaluierung (Prädiktionsfehler, PF) zugrunde liegen. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Gesunde, die unliebsames Verhalten (z. Bsp. der übermäßige Konsum von Süßigkeiten) verändern möchten, ER dazu verwenden können, EW Signale von Belohnungsreizen (z. Bsp. der Anblick eines Schoko-Riegels) zu modulieren und ihr Verlangen zu mindern. Die Effekte auf PF Signale suggerieren, dass Gesunde mittels ER beeinflussen können, wie viel Freude sie während des Konsums empfinden. In Studie II zeige ich, dass Distanzieren von finanziellen Belohnungen auch zu einer Reduktion von behavioral messbarer Motivation führt. Darüber hinaus belege ich, dass belohnungsbezogene Motivation im Putamen in Handlung umgesetzt wird, und dass ER diese Umwandlung zeitweilig unterbindet. Schließlich demonstriere ich, dass die erfolgreiche Modulation von EW Signalen mittels ER teilweise auf eine Modulierung des Putamen seitens des DLPFC zurückzuführen ist. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ER neuronal und behavioral messbare, belohnungsbezogene Motivation mindert. Weiterhin erhellen die Ergebnisse die Natur präfontal- subkortikaler Interaktionen während der ER. In Studie III schließlich belege ich, dass saturierte und abstinente Raucher im Labor während der Präsentation von RHR per ER ihr Rauchverlangen mindern können, eine Fähigkeit, die nicht negativ durch die Schwere der Nikotinabhängigkeit beeinflusst wird. Im Gehirn führt ER zu einer Reduktion von RHR bezogenen Aktivierungen in Status unabhängigen (VMPFC) und in Abstinenz spezifischen (Caudatus, Amygdala, subgenualer ACC) Arealen. Allerdings zeige ich auch, dass im linken Caudatus ER induzierte Aktivierungsminderungen mit der Schwere der Nikotinabhängigkeit abnehmen. Zusammengenommen legen die Befunde nahe, dass Raucher tatsächlich trainiert werden können, mittels ER ihr Rauchverlangen sowie RHR bezogene Aktivierungen in suchtrelevanten Hirnarealen herunterzuregulieren. Zukünftige Studien müssen prüfen, ob die Laboreffekte einer Prüfung im Feld standhalten, wo RHR allgegenwärtig und Zigaretten ständig verfügbar sind.
- Published
- 2013
22. Syntaxonomic revision of the Pannonian grasslands of Austria : 1. Introduction and general overview
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Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise, Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, and Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise
- Abstract
The Pannonian part of Austria is a diverse landscape situated in the transition zone between the Alps, the Bohemian Massif and the Carpathian Basin. Although the grasslands of this region have been investigated in many botanical and vegetation studies, their phytosociological classification has remained confusing. With this paper, we start a series aiming at a developement of a revised, consistent system of the Austrian Pannonian grasslands. Here we present a general overview focusing on the higher syntaxonomic units. We define grasslands as all types of meadows, pastures, fens and primary steppes. We selected all available relevés of Pannonian grasslands from the Austrian Vegetation Database. Additional unpub-lished data were included from the Danube National Park and the Biosphere Reserve Vienna Woods. To account for the comparatively low number of relevés from the northern part of the Pannonian region of Austria (Weinviertel), we included also data from southern Moravia (Czech Republic). This set of 3384 relevés was classified using TWINSPAN. Relevés that were considered as misclassified at the alliance level according to the summarised cover of diagnostic species were manually re-arranged, and the data-set specific fidelity of species to alliances was calculated using the phi coefficient. The first TWINSPAN division largely corresponded to the traditional border between the classes Festuco-Brometea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The conventional alliance concepts were generally well supported. As an exception, the distinction between Diantho-Seslerion and Bromo-Festucion pallentis was not reproduced at all. Therefore, we unite all rocky grasslands on calcareous soils in a single alliance Seslerio-Festucion pallentis. We also advocate the inclusion of all basiphilous semi-dry grasslands of the study area within a single alliance Cirsio-Brachypodion. Each of the corresponding TWINSPAN clusters showed a clear prevalence of Cirsio-Brachypodion species. Moreover, two s, Der pannonische Teil Österreichs ist eine der abwechslungsreichsten Landschaften in Mitteleuropa. Zwar wurden die Rasengesellschaften dieser Region bereits in zahlreichen botanischen und vegetationskundlichen Studien beschrieben, doch stellt sich deren pflanzensoziologische Gliederung nach wie vor recht verworren dar. Mit dieser Arbeit beginnen wir eine Publikations-Serie mit dem Ziel, ein revidiertes, konsistentes System der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften Österreichs zu erarbeiten. Basierend auf der numerischen Klassifikation eines großen Datensatzes geben wir einen groben Überblick, und diskutieren einige syntaxonomische Probleme mit Fokus auf den höheren Einheiten (Verbänden). Die detaillierte Klassifikation auf Assoziations- und Subassoziationsniveau wird in den nächsten Teilen folgen, wobei wir jeweils eine landschaftlich mehr oder weniger homogene Subregion (vergleichbar den "Wiesenregionen" nach Suske et al. 2003) behandeln werden. Der Teil 2 dieser Serie wird die Rasengesellschaften im Wienerwald behandeln (siehe Willner et al. 2013 in diesem Band). Eine Synopsis für das gesamte österreichische Pannonicum und angrenzende Gebiete soll den Schluss der Serie bilden.
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- 2014
23. Syntaxonomic revision of the Pannonian grasslands of Austria : 2. Vienna Woods (Wienerwald)
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Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, Grass, Viktoria, Kraus, Reinhard, Moser, Dietmar, Rötzer, Harald, Wrbka, Thomas, Willner, Wolfgang, Sauberer, Norbert, Staudinger, Markus, Grass, Viktoria, Kraus, Reinhard, Moser, Dietmar, Rötzer, Harald, and Wrbka, Thomas
- Abstract
As second part of a series focusing on the Pannonian grasslands of Austria, we present a detailed classification of the grasslands of the Vienna Woods (Wienerwald). This region, although geographically belonging to the Alps, has strong floristic affinities to the Pannonian Basin. The eastern slopes of the Vienna Woods are a hotspot of xero-thermophytic vegetation and exhibit the highest vascular plant species richness in Austria at a scale of 3' x 5'. We used the TWINSPAN classification of a large data set reported in the first part of this series as starting point. Relevés that were considered as misclassified at the level of alliances were manually re-arranged. From this table, an excerpt containing only the relevés of the Vienna Woods was used for the present study (1055 plots). We re-classified the relevés preliminary labelled as Arrhenatherion with another TWINSPAN run. Clusters for which no ecological difference could be detected were merged. The final delimitation of associations and subassociations was achieved by adjusting their diagnostic species so as to get units that were most informative in terms of environmental conditions. All re-arrangements were based on the summarised cover of diagnostic species within individual relevés. As a result, the grasslands of the Vienna Woods are classified within 22 associations (plus two subassociations) belonging to ten alliances and four classes. Within the Seslerio-Festucion pallentis, a new association Scorzonero austriacae-Caricetum humilis is described. The semi-dry grasslands of the study area previously classified as Onobrychido-Brometum are de-scribed as new association Filipendulo vulgaris-Brometum erecti and assigned to the Cirsio-Brachypodion. The Anthoxantho-Agrostietum tenuis is reported for Austria for the first time, and its syntaxonomy is discussed within a broader geographical context., Nachdem im ersten Teil dieser Serie ein allgemeiner Überblick über die pannonischen Rasengesellschaften Österreichs gegeben wurde (Willner et al. 2013), legen wir hier nun eine detaillierte Klassifikation für das Gebiet des Wienerwalds vor. Obwohl geographisch zu den Alpen gehörig, weist der Wienerwald enge floristische Beziehungen zum Pannonischen Becken auf. Die Wiesen und Trockenrasen dieser Region zählen zu den best erhaltenen in Österreich und dank der in den letzten zwanzig Jahren durchgeführten zahlreichen Freilanderhebungen auch zu den best dokumentierten. Allerdings lag bislang keine befriedigende Klassifikation dieser Pflanzengesellschaften vor. Die 2005 erfolgte Einrichtung des Biosphärenparks Wienerwald, und nachfolgende Pläne für eine flächendeckende Kartierung des Gebiets machten die Erarbeitung einer solchen Gliederung dringend notwendig. Dies gab – neben Unklarheiten in der Zuweisung der pannonischen Rasengesellschaften zu Natura 2000-Lebensraumtypen – den Anstoß zu der vorliegenden Untersuchung.
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- 2014
24. The bridge between diversity and adaptivity: Answering McIntosh and Jeffrey
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Rammel, Christian, primary and Staudinger, Markus, additional
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- 2004
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25. Evolution, variability and sustainable development
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Rammel, Christian, primary and Staudinger, Markus, additional
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- 2002
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26. Austria.
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Staudinger, Markus
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PRESS ,GOVERNMENT & the press ,PUBLISHING - Abstract
Focuses on the status of the press in Austria. Political events that affect the relations between the government and the press; Harassment experienced by journalists working in the country; Issues that concern the country's publishers.
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- 1999
27. Floristische Neufunde (124–169)
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Niklfeld, Harald, Barta, Thomas, Kniely, Gerhard, Nießner, Sophie, Niklfeld, Harald, Lamprecht, Andrea, Pauli, Harald, Staudinger, Markus, Schönswetter, Peter, Latzin, Sonja, Hilpold, Andreas, Gilli, Christian, Gutermann, Walter, Thalinger, Michael, Raabe, Uwe, Schmidt, Brigitte, Englmaier, Peter, Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Luise, Schwienbacher, Erich, Hölzl, Norbert, Rinner, Arnold, Wilhalm, Thomas, Vergörer, Paul, Rožánek, Rudolf, Pachschwöll, Clemens, Gregor, Thomas, Hohla, Michael, Haberler, Thomas, Zinöcker, Manuela, Fischer, Manfred A., Lefnaer, Stefan, Sauberer, Norbert, Grabherr, Georg, Grass, Viktoria, Tod, Franz, Böck, Manuel, Schau, Harald, Hehenberger, Robert, and Király, Gergely
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Flora of Austria ,new records ,rare plants ,confirmations of old records - Abstract
Neu für Österreich sind drei Neophyten: ein Fleck von Symphytum bulbosum im Burgenland, ein unbeständiges Vorkommen von Euphorbia chamaesyce in Niederösterreich und ein lokal invasives Auftreten von Akebia quinata in Kärnten. Neu für das Burgenland sind Aposeris foetida, Potamogeton gramineus und Potamogeton nodosus (einheimisch), Panicum riparium (der Status wird diskutiert) sowie Aegilops cylindrica, Calepina irregularis (diese Art auch für Niederösterreich), Lonicera japonica und Elodea canadensis (neophytisch). Neu für die Steiermark ist Ranunculus fluitans. Neu für Kärnten ist ein neophytischer Scirpus aus Nordamerika. Neu für Salzburg sind Botrychium lanceolatum, Orobanche bartlingii und Seseli austriacum (einheimisch) sowie Draba nemorosa und Liatris spicata (neophytisch). Neu für Wien ist Ornithopus sativus (neophytisch). Als weiter verbreitet erweist sich Euphorbia saratoi (bisher meist mit E. virgata verwechselt): Burgenland, Wien, Niederösterreich, Oberösterreich und Steiermark. Wiederfunde verschollener Arten sind für das Burgenland Centaurea solstitialis (neophytisch) und Chaerophyllum aureum, für Kärnten Potentilla inclinata, für Salzburg Holosteum umbellatum sowie für Nordtirol Catabrosa aquatica und Hornungia pauciflora. Funde weiterer 20 Arten sind in anderer Hinsicht neu oder bemerkenswert. Fehlerhafte Tiroler Angaben zweier neophytischer Scirpus- Arten aus Nordamerika werden korrigiert und ergänzt. Merkmale und ökologisches Verhalten werden für drei Sippen von Ranunculus sect. Batrachium genauer behandelt; Ranunculus pseudofluitans wird hierbei nicht mehr als Unterart von R. penicillatus, sondern im Artrang geführt.
- Published
- 2015
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