81 results on '"State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)"'
Search Results
2. Enhancing Working Memory and Reducing Anxiety in University Students: A Neurofeedback Approach.
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Diotaiuti, Pierluigi, Valente, Giuseppe, Corrado, Stefano, Tosti, Beatrice, Carissimo, Chiara, Di Libero, Tommaso, Cerro, Gianni, Rodio, Angelo, and Mancone, Stefania
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SHORT-term memory , *MEMORY span , *ANXIETY , *BIOFEEDBACK training , *COLLEGE students , *TEST anxiety - Abstract
(1) Background: Neurofeedback training (NFT) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing cognitive functions and reducing anxiety, yet its specific impact on university student populations requires further investigation. This study aims to examine the effects of NFT on working memory improvement and anxiety reduction within this demographic. (2) Methods: A total of forty healthy university student volunteers were randomized into two groups: an experimental group that received NFT and a control group. The NFT protocol was administered using a 14-channel Emotiv Epoc X headset (EMOTIV, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94102, USA) and BrainViz software version Brain Visualizer 1.1 (EMOTIV, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94102, USA), focusing on the alpha frequency band to target improvements in working memory and reductions in anxiety. Assessment tools, including the Corsi Block and Memory Span tests for working memory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-2 (STAI-2) for anxiety, were applied pre- and post-intervention. (3) Results: The findings indicated an increase in alpha wave amplitude in the experimental group from the second day of NFT, with statistically significant differences observed on days 2 (p < 0.05) and 8 (p < 0.01). Contrary to expectations based on the previous literature, the study did not observe a concurrent positive impact on working memory. Nonetheless, a significant reduction in state anxiety levels was recorded in the experimental group (p < 0.001), corroborating NFT's potential for anxiety management. (4) Conclusions: While these results suggest some potential of the technique in enhancing neural efficiency, the variability across different days highlights the need for further investigation to fully ascertain its effectiveness. The study confirms the beneficial impact of NFT on reducing state anxiety among university students, underscoring its value in psychological and cognitive performance enhancement. Despite the lack of observed improvements in working memory, these results highlight the need for continued exploration of NFT applications across different populations and settings, emphasizing its potential utility in educational and therapeutic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. Trait-anxiety and glial-related neuroinflammation of the amygdala and its associated regions in Alzheimer's disease: A significant correlation
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Fumihiko Yasuno, Yasuyuki Kimura, Aya Ogata, Hiroshi Ikenuma, Junichiro Abe, Hiroyuki Minami, Takashi Nihashi, Kastunori Yokoi, Saori Hattori, Nobuyoshi Shimoda, Atsushi Watanabe, Kensaku Kasuga, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Akinori Takeda, Takashi Sakurai, Kengo Ito, and Takashi Kato
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Alzheimer's disease ,Positron emission tomography (PET) ,Inflammation ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Anxiety ,amygdala ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: Positron emission tomography, which assesses the binding of translocator protein radiotracers, 11C-DPA-713, may be a sensitive method for determining glial-mediated neuroinflammation levels. This study investigated the relationship between regional 11C-DPA713 binding potential (BPND) and anxiety in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Methods: Nineteen patients with AD continuum determined to be amyloid-/p-tau 181-positive via cerebrospinal fluid analysis were included in this cross-sectional study (mild cognitive impairment [MCI, n = 5] and AD [n = 14]). Anxiety was evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). A whole-brain voxel-based analysis was performed to examine the relationship between 11C-DPA-713-BPND values at each voxel and the STAI score. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of STAI scores using independent variables, including 11C-DPA-713-BPND values within significant clusters. 11C-DPA-713-BPND values were compared between patients with AD continuum with low-to-moderate and high STAI scores. Results: Voxel-based analysis revealed a positive correlation between trait anxiety severity and 11C-DPA713-BPND values in the centromedial amygdala and the left inferior occipital area [P
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- 2024
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4. How Does the Anxiety of Primiparae Affect Their Readiness for Newborn Care? Ethnic Primiparous Experiences
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Karaarslan, Duygu and Akin, Hasret Yağmur Sevinç
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- 2024
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5. Exploring the psychological wellbeing of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): increased risk of anxiety in women requiring insulin. A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Pilot Study.
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Fraser, Emma E., Ogden, Kathryn J., Radford, Andrea, Ingram, Emily R., Campbell, Joanne E., Dennis, Amanda, and Corbould, Anne M.
- Subjects
GESTATIONAL diabetes ,WELL-being ,STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory ,PREGNANCY outcomes ,DEPRESSION in women ,PREGNANT women ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates ∼16% of pregnancies in Australia and has significant implications for health of both mother and baby. Antenatal anxiety and depression are also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The interaction between GDM and mental health in pregnancy is poorly understood. With the aim of exploring the nuanced interaction between GDM and mental health further, we investigated whether GDM treatment modality (diet versus insulin) influenced psychological wellbeing in women with GDM. Psychological wellbeing was assessed in women with GDM treated with diet (GDM-Diet, n = 20) or insulin (GDM-Insulin, n = 15) and pregnant women without GDM (non-GDM, n = 20) using questionnaires [Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), and in women with GDM, Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID)] at 24–34 weeks gestation and again at ∼36 weeks gestation. Women in the GDM-insulin group had significantly higher levels of anxiety than the non-GDM group at both time points. Women in the GDM-Diet group had higher levels of anxiety at 24–34 weeks gestation than the non-GDM group but did not differ at ∼36 weeks gestation. Although depression scores tended to be higher in GDM-Insulin and GDM-Diet groups than in the non-GDM group at both time points, this was not statistically significant. Diabetes-related distress was similar in the GDM-Diet and GDM-Insulin groups at both time points and did not change during pregnancy. A high proportion of the GDM-Insulin group had past/current mental illness (60%). In this pilot study GDM was associated with differences in psychological wellbeing, specifically increased anxiety in women treated with insulin. Specialised interventions to support women with GDM should be considered, especially those requiring insulin. Trial registration: Not applicable as this was a purely observational study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Exploring the psychological wellbeing of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): increased risk of anxiety in women requiring insulin. A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Pilot Study
- Author
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Emma E. Fraser, Kathryn J. Ogden, Andrea Radford, Emily R. Ingram, Joanne E. Campbell, Amanda Dennis, and Anne M. Corbould
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ,depression ,anxiety ,Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS) ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Medicine ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates ∼16% of pregnancies in Australia and has significant implications for health of both mother and baby. Antenatal anxiety and depression are also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The interaction between GDM and mental health in pregnancy is poorly understood. With the aim of exploring the nuanced interaction between GDM and mental health further, we investigated whether GDM treatment modality (diet versus insulin) influenced psychological wellbeing in women with GDM.Methods Psychological wellbeing was assessed in women with GDM treated with diet (GDM-Diet, n = 20) or insulin (GDM-Insulin, n = 15) and pregnant women without GDM (non-GDM, n = 20) using questionnaires [Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), and in women with GDM, Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID)] at 24–34 weeks gestation and again at ∼36 weeks gestation.Results Women in the GDM-insulin group had significantly higher levels of anxiety than the non-GDM group at both time points. Women in the GDM-Diet group had higher levels of anxiety at 24–34 weeks gestation than the non-GDM group but did not differ at ∼36 weeks gestation. Although depression scores tended to be higher in GDM-Insulin and GDM-Diet groups than in the non-GDM group at both time points, this was not statistically significant. Diabetes-related distress was similar in the GDM-Diet and GDM-Insulin groups at both time points and did not change during pregnancy. A high proportion of the GDM-Insulin group had past/current mental illness (60%).Conclusions In this pilot study GDM was associated with differences in psychological wellbeing, specifically increased anxiety in women treated with insulin. Specialised interventions to support women with GDM should be considered, especially those requiring insulin.Trial registration: Not applicable as this was a purely observational study.
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- 2023
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7. How Different Preparation Techniques Affect MRI-Induced Anxiety of MRI Patients: A Preliminary Study.
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Hamd, Zuhal Y., Alorainy, Amal I., Alrujaee, Lena A., Alshdayed, Maha Y., Wdaani, Afrah M., Alsubaie, Atheer S., Binjardan, Layal A., Kariri, Sarab S., Alaskari, Rawan A., Alsaeed, Marah M., Alharbi, Mohammed Awad, Alotaibi, Marzouk Sari., Elhussein, Nagwan, and Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin
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STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *SATISFACTION , *ANXIETY - Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams may cause patients to feel anxious before or during the scan, which affects the scanning outcome and leads to motion artifacts. Adequate preparation can effectively alleviate patients' anxiety before the scan. We aimed to assess the effect of different preparation methods on MRI-induced anxiety: We conducted a prospective randomized study on MRI patients between March and May 2022. We divided 30 patients into two groups: the control group, which received routine preparation (RP), and the experimental group, which received video preparation (VP). We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to measure anxiety levels before and after the interventions. We assessed patients' self-satisfaction after the scan: After preparation, VP (STAI mean = 10.7500) and RP (STAI mean = 12.7857), we observed a significant association between the pre- and post-STAI results in VP (p = 0.025). The effects of both methods in decreasing anxiety were more significant for first-timers (p = 0.009 in RP/0.014 in VP). We noted high satisfaction levels for both forms of preparation. The VP technique was superior in reducing patient anxiety, especially in first-time MRI patients. Hence, VP techniques can be used in different clinical settings to reduce anxiety and facilitate patients' understanding of the instructions given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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8. Using a Virtual Reality and Communication Intervention to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Lipoma Excision With Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
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Bozdoğan Yeşilot, Saliha, Ciftci, Hatice, and Yener, Mehmet Kemal
- Abstract
In this randomized controlled trial, we assessed the effects of using a virtual reality (VR) and communication intervention on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing lipoma excision under local anesthesia. We conducted the study at a large hospital in Turkey between March 15 and September 15, 2019, with 100 participants. We used a pretest and posttest design to collect data with a personal information form, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. The intervention group participants watched a video using a VR headset during the procedure and communicated with an investigator; the control group participants only received routine surgical treatment. The intervention had a significant effect on pain during the procedure (P <.001) and a moderate effect on anxiety 60 minutes after the procedure (P =.01). Use of VR and active communication may help reduce pain and anxiety for patients undergoing procedures performed with local anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Factors Associated with Insomnia Among Truck Drivers in Japan
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Miyachi T, Nomura K, Minamizono S, Sakai K, Iwata T, Sugano Y, Sawaguchi S, Takahashi K, and Mishima K
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insomnia ,truck driver ,state-trait anxiety inventory (stai) ,working environment ,lifestyle ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Neurophysiology and neuropsychology ,QP351-495 - Abstract
Takashi Miyachi,1 Kyoko Nomura,2 Sachiko Minamizono,2 Kazuki Sakai,1 Toyoto Iwata,2 Yuta Sugano,1 Shun Sawaguchi,3 Kouhei Takahashi,3 Kazuo Mishima4 1Department of Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; 2Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; 3Japan Health Insurance Association, Akita Branch, Akita, Japan; 4Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, JapanCorrespondence: Kyoko NomuraDepartment of Environmental Health Science and Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1– 1– 1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, JapanTel +81-18-884-6086Fax +81-18-836-2609Email nomurakyoko@gmail.comPurpose: Truck drivers with insomnia are at a high risk of traffic accidents. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of insomnia and identify its associated factors among truck drivers in Japan.Methods: Participants were 2927 male truck drivers younger than 65 years old. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess insomnia symptoms, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, drinking, smoking habits, body mass index, caffeine intake, as well as daily driving hours, consecutive days away from home, and driving distance. Insomnia symptoms included difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep and early morning awakening. Insomnia was defined when any of these symptoms were observed with daily tiredness.Results: The prevalence of insomnia among the subjects was 13.3% (n=356), of which 13.5% had difficulty initiating sleep, 78% had difficulty maintaining sleep, and 26.4% had early morning awakening. After adjusting for covariates, drinking habits, daily driving hours, and STAI score were significantly and linearly associated with insomnia; the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of drinking habits for insomnia was 1.74 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23– 2.47] for heavy drinkers compared to non-drinkers (trend p< 0.001); the adjusted OR of daily driving hours was 1.87 (95% CI, 1.00– 3.49) for 12 hours or longer in a day compared to < 8 hours in a day (trend p< 0.001); the adjusted OR of STAI quartiles was 5.30 (95% CI, 3.66– 7.67) for the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile (trend p< 0.001).Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that insomnia is prevalent among truck drivers in Japan, and its risk factors include drinking habits, daily driving hours, and anxiety.Keywords: insomnia, truck driver, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI, working environment, lifestyle
- Published
- 2021
10. How Different Preparation Techniques Affect MRI-Induced Anxiety of MRI Patients: A Preliminary Study
- Author
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Zuhal Y. Hamd, Amal I. Alorainy, Lena A. Alrujaee, Maha Y. Alshdayed, Afrah M. Wdaani, Atheer S. Alsubaie, Layal A. Binjardan, Sarab S. Kariri, Rawan A. Alaskari, Marah M. Alsaeed, Mohammed Awad Alharbi, Marzouk Sari. Alotaibi, Nagwan Elhussein, and Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Subjects
magnetic resonance imaging ,anxiety ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,routine preparation ,video preparation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams may cause patients to feel anxious before or during the scan, which affects the scanning outcome and leads to motion artifacts. Adequate preparation can effectively alleviate patients’ anxiety before the scan. We aimed to assess the effect of different preparation methods on MRI-induced anxiety: We conducted a prospective randomized study on MRI patients between March and May 2022. We divided 30 patients into two groups: the control group, which received routine preparation (RP), and the experimental group, which received video preparation (VP). We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to measure anxiety levels before and after the interventions. We assessed patients’ self-satisfaction after the scan: After preparation, VP (STAI mean = 10.7500) and RP (STAI mean = 12.7857), we observed a significant association between the pre- and post-STAI results in VP (p = 0.025). The effects of both methods in decreasing anxiety were more significant for first-timers (p = 0.009 in RP/0.014 in VP). We noted high satisfaction levels for both forms of preparation. The VP technique was superior in reducing patient anxiety, especially in first-time MRI patients. Hence, VP techniques can be used in different clinical settings to reduce anxiety and facilitate patients’ understanding of the instructions given.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Trait-anxiety and glial-related neuroinflammation of the amygdala and its associated regions in Alzheimer's disease: A significant correlation.
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Yasuno F, Kimura Y, Ogata A, Ikenuma H, Abe J, Minami H, Nihashi T, Yokoi K, Hattori S, Shimoda N, Watanabe A, Kasuga K, Ikeuchi T, Takeda A, Sakurai T, Ito K, and Kato T
- Abstract
Background: Positron emission tomography, which assesses the binding of translocator protein radiotracers,
11 C-DPA-713, may be a sensitive method for determining glial-mediated neuroinflammation levels. This study investigated the relationship between regional11 C-DPA713 binding potential (BPND ) and anxiety in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum., Methods: Nineteen patients with AD continuum determined to be amyloid-/p-tau 181-positive via cerebrospinal fluid analysis were included in this cross-sectional study (mild cognitive impairment [MCI, n = 5] and AD [n = 14]). Anxiety was evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). A whole-brain voxel-based analysis was performed to examine the relationship between11 C-DPA-713-BPND values at each voxel and the STAI score. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of STAI scores using independent variables, including11 C-DPA-713-BPND values within significant clusters.11 C-DPA-713-BPND values were compared between patients with AD continuum with low-to-moderate and high STAI scores., Results: Voxel-based analysis revealed a positive correlation between trait anxiety severity and11 C-DPA713-BPND values in the centromedial amygdala and the left inferior occipital area [ P < 0.001 (uncorrected) at the voxel-level].11 C-DPA713-BPND values in these regions were a strong predictor of the STAI trait anxiety score. Specifically, patients with AD continuum and high trait anxiety had increased11 C-DPA713-BPND values in these regions., Conclusions: The amygdala-occipital lobe circuit influences the control of emotional generation, and disruption of this network by AD pathology-induced inflammation may contribute to the expression of anxiety. Our findings suggest that suppression of inflammation can help effectively treat anxiety by attenuating damage to the amygdala and its associated areas., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2024
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12. Antenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in pregnant women from routine health care contact in Greece.
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Tsakiridis, Ioannis, Dagklis, Themistoklis, Mamopoulos, Apostolos, Athanasiadis, Apostolos, Pearson, Rebecca, and Papazisis, Georgios
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STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *CROSS-sectional method , *PREGNANT women , *MEDICAL screening , *MEDICAL care , *PUBLIC health , *MENTAL health , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *MENTAL depression , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PRENATAL care , *ANXIETY , *ODDS ratio , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures introduced to control it, on mental health, is largely unknown. Research conducted during past epidemics found that pregnant women are more vulnerable psychologically. The aim of this study was to investigate antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms during this pandemic in Greece. All women receiving routine antenatal care, during a three-month period, starting one week after the total lockdown in Greece, in a University department, were asked to fill in two questionnaires, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Overall, 505 women (93.3% of the eligible population) agreed to participate. The prevalence of antenatal depression (EPDS score≥13) in the population of the study was 13.5%. Unplanned pregnancy (OR: 2.447; 95% CI: 1.235–4.846), smoking (OR: 2.268; 95% CI: 1.166–4.411) and antenatal anxiety (OR: 5.074; 95% CI: 2.898–8.883) increased the risk of antenatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. State (current)-anxiety affected 34.1% of the participants, whereas Trait (lifetime)-anxiety affected 15.8%. The State-anxiety score (median) was significantly higher than the Trait-anxiety (median) (41 vs. 36; p<0.001), revealing an increase in the levels of anxiety in the pandemic, while there was also a positive linear correlation between the two scales (rho=0.592; p<0.001). The unprecedented situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased anxiety, but not depression levels of pregnant women in Greece. Population level interventions to address adverse effects on anxiety status in the initial phases of similar situations may be helpful in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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13. Evaluation of the occurrence of anxiety in pregnant women with regard to environmental conditions
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Dorota Branecka-Woźniak, Beata Karakiewicz, Andrzej Torbè, Przemysław Ciepiela, Bożena Mroczek, Marta Stanisz, Anna Jurczak, and Rafał Kurzawa
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pregnancy ,environment ,anxiety ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Medicine - Published
- 2018
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14. Referrals from primary eye care : an investigation into their quality, levels of false positives and psychological effect on patients
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Davey, Christopher James, Elliott, David B., Harley, Clare, and Green, Clare
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617.7 ,Optometry ,Ophthalmology ,Referral ,Anxiety ,Referral quality ,Rasch analysis ,False positive ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) - Abstract
Previous research into the accuracy of referrals for glaucoma has shown that a large number of referrals to the Hospital Eye Service are false positive. Research in areas of healthcare other than ophthalmology has shown that psychological distress can be caused by false positive referrals. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of referrals to the HES for all ocular pathologies, and also to quantify the proportion of these referrals that were false positive. Any commonality between false positive referrals was investigated. The psychological effect of being referred to the HES was also evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Both scales were validated in this population with Rasch analysis before use. A final aim was to develop an improvement to the present referral pathway in order to reduce numbers of false positive referrals. The accuracy of referrals to the HES appears to improve as clinicians become more experienced, and greater numbers of false positive referrals are generated by female clinicians. Optometrists refer patients with a wide range of ocular diseases and in most cases include both fundus observations and visual acuity measurements in their referrals. GPs mainly refer patients with anterior segment disorders, particularly lid lesions, based on direct observation and symptoms. Illegibility and missing clinical information reduce the quality of many optometric referrals. Patients referred to the HES experience raised levels of anxiety as measured by the STAI and raised levels of depression as measured by the HADS-Depression subscale. As a method of assessing psychological distress, the questionnaires HADS-T (all items), STAI-S (State subscale) and STAI-T (Trait subscale) show good discrimination between patients when administered to a population of new ophthalmic outpatients, despite all having a floor effect. Subsequently a referral refinement service was developed which reduced numbers of unnecessary referrals and reduced costs for the NHS.
- Published
- 2011
15. Time-Dependent Negative Effects of Verbal and Non-verbal Suggestions in Surgical Patients—A Study on Arm Muscle Strength
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Nina Zech, Matthias Schrödinger, Milena Seemann, Florian Zeman, Timo F. Seyfried, and Ernil Hansen
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nocebo effects ,dynamometry ,maximal muscle strength ,therapeutic communication ,suggestions ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
IntroductionThe medical environment is full of suggestions that affect patients and their healing. Most of them inadvertently are negative, thus evoking nocebo effects. Recently, we have reported on the effect of such verbal and non-verbal suggestions as well as alternative formulations on maximal muscular arm strength in healthy volunteers. In the present study, we tested the same suggestions in patients at two time points to evaluate nocebo effects in a clinical situation and the impact of the approaching surgery date.MethodsIn 45 patients, maximal muscular strength during arm abduction was measured by dynamometry of the deltoid muscle group. One test was several days before and the second on the evening before surgery. Baseline values were compared to the performance after exposure to 18 verbal and non-verbal suggestions. The sequence of presumably negative and positive suggestions was randomized for each patient in order to avoid cumulation effects of immediate succession of two negatives. State anxiety was evaluated at both time points, and suggestibility was measured after surgery.ResultsStrong and statistically significant weakening effects were observed with all presumed negative suggestions from daily clinical practice including words of encouragement (91.4% of baseline), evaluation of symptoms (89.0%), announcement of a medical intervention (82.8%), a negative memory (86.5%), expectation of an uncertain future (82.8%), and non-verbal signals (87.7–92.2%). In contrast, alternative formulations did not interfere with muscular performance in most cases. A more pronounced effect was observed in the test repeated closer to the date of surgery, accompanied by a 15% higher anxiety level. The increase in anxiety correlated slightly with stronger weakening effects of suggestions, as did suggestibility.ConclusionsNegative suggestions cause a decrease in arm muscle strength, i.e., a “weakening” of the patient. This effect is enhanced by an increase in anxiety as the time of treatment, like surgery, approaches. The reaction can be avoided by alternative formulations. These nocebo effects that are objectively measured and quantified by a decrease in arm muscle strength are more pronounced in patients, i.e., in a clinical situation, than in healthy volunteers.
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- 2020
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16. Time-Dependent Negative Effects of Verbal and Non-verbal Suggestions in Surgical Patients—A Study on Arm Muscle Strength.
- Author
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Zech, Nina, Schrödinger, Matthias, Seemann, Milena, Zeman, Florian, Seyfried, Timo F., and Hansen, Ernil
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ARM muscles ,MUSCLE strength ,DELTOID muscles ,ANXIETY treatment ,STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory ,ARM exercises - Abstract
Introduction: The medical environment is full of suggestions that affect patients and their healing. Most of them inadvertently are negative, thus evoking nocebo effects. Recently, we have reported on the effect of such verbal and non-verbal suggestions as well as alternative formulations on maximal muscular arm strength in healthy volunteers. In the present study, we tested the same suggestions in patients at two time points to evaluate nocebo effects in a clinical situation and the impact of the approaching surgery date. Methods: In 45 patients, maximal muscular strength during arm abduction was measured by dynamometry of the deltoid muscle group. One test was several days before and the second on the evening before surgery. Baseline values were compared to the performance after exposure to 18 verbal and non-verbal suggestions. The sequence of presumably negative and positive suggestions was randomized for each patient in order to avoid cumulation effects of immediate succession of two negatives. State anxiety was evaluated at both time points, and suggestibility was measured after surgery. Results: Strong and statistically significant weakening effects were observed with all presumed negative suggestions from daily clinical practice including words of encouragement (91.4% of baseline), evaluation of symptoms (89.0%), announcement of a medical intervention (82.8%), a negative memory (86.5%), expectation of an uncertain future (82.8%), and non-verbal signals (87.7–92.2%). In contrast, alternative formulations did not interfere with muscular performance in most cases. A more pronounced effect was observed in the test repeated closer to the date of surgery, accompanied by a 15% higher anxiety level. The increase in anxiety correlated slightly with stronger weakening effects of suggestions, as did suggestibility. Conclusions: Negative suggestions cause a decrease in arm muscle strength, i.e., a "weakening" of the patient. This effect is enhanced by an increase in anxiety as the time of treatment, like surgery, approaches. The reaction can be avoided by alternative formulations. These nocebo effects that are objectively measured and quantified by a decrease in arm muscle strength are more pronounced in patients, i.e., in a clinical situation, than in healthy volunteers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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17. Objective detection of chronic stress using physiological parameters.
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Al abdi, Rabah M., Alhitary, Ahmad E., Abdul Hay, Enas W., and Al-bashir, Areen K.
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PHYSIOLOGICAL stress , *COGNITIVE load , *PARAMETER estimation , *AUTONOMIC nervous system , *HEART beat - Abstract
The aim of this study was to design a system to diagnose chronic stress, based on blunted reactivity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to cognitive load (CL). The system concurrently measures CL-induced variations in pupil diameter (PD), heart rate (HR), pulse wave amplitude (PWA), galvanic skin response (GSR), and breathing rate (BR). Measurements were recorded from 58 volunteers whose stress level was identified using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Number-multiplication questions were used as CLs. HR, PWA, GSR, and PD were significantly (p < 0.05) changed during CL. CL-induced changes in PWA (16.87 ± 21.39), GSR (- 13.71 ± 7.86), and PD (11.56 ± 9.85) for non-stressed subjects (n = 36) were significantly different (p < 0.05) from those in PWA (2.92 ± 12.89), GSR (- 6.87 ± 9.54), and PD (4.51 ± 10.94) for stressed subjects (n = 22). ROC analysis for PWA, GSR, and PD illustrated their usefulness to identify stressed subjects. By inputting all features to different classification algorithms, up to 91.7% of sensitivity and 89.7% of accuracy to identify stressed subjects were achieved using 10-fold cross-validation. This study was the first to document blunted CL-induced changes in PWA, GSR, and PD in stressed subjects, compared to those in non-stressed subjects. Preliminary results demonstrated the ability of our system to objectively detect chronic stress with good accuracy, suggesting the potential for monitoring stress to prevent dangerous stress-related diseases. Graphical abstract Chronic stress degrads the autonomic nervous system reaction to cognitive loads. Measurement of reduced changes in physiological signals during asking math questions was useful to identify people with high STAI score (stressed subjects). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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18. Zombies vs. Anxiety: An Augmentation Study of Prescribed Video Game Play Compared to Medication in Reducing Anxiety Symptoms.
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Fish, Matthew T., Russoniello, Carmen V., and O’Brien, Kevin
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ANXIETY treatment , *ANXIETY disorders , *VIDEO games , *SEROTONIN uptake inhibitors , *MENTAL depression - Abstract
Objective. Anxiety is a typical reaction to stress and when uncontrolled, clinical anxiety disorders may develop. Traditional anxiety interventions have established efficacy; however, they are often costly and stigmatizing. This study examined prescribed casual video game (CVG) play added to an SSRI prescription in reducing symptoms of anxiety compared to a two-medication treatment group.Materials and methods. We used data from a larger study examining depression and CVGs. The Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomology screened participants for depression using a score of ≥ 5 (mild depression). Participants chose to participate in the alternative (n = 30) or traditional (n = 24) group. Alternative group participants were prescribed CVG play four times per week for 30-45 minutes over a one-month period. Traditional intervention group participants were prescribed a second medication. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to test hypotheses.Results. Repeated-measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant decrease in state anxiety scores after the one-month prescription and a medium to large effect for the alternative group. Trait anxiety results did not demonstrate significance; however, the group had a medium effect size.Conclusion. Clinicians should consider these non-stigmatizing and low-cost CVGs as a feasible intervention for patients who wish not to take additional medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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19. New Method of Analyzing NIRS Data from Prefrontal Cortex at Rest
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Ishikawa, Wakana, Sato, Masakaze, Fukuda, Yukikatsu, Matsumoto, Takashi, Takemura, Naohiro, Tsujii, Takeo, Sakatani, Kaoru, Cohen, Irun R., Series Editor, Lajtha, Abel, Series Editor, Paoletti, Rodolfo, Series Editor, Lambris, John D., Series Editor, Van Huffel, Sabine, editor, Naulaers, Gunnar, editor, Caicedo, Alexander, editor, Bruley, Duane F., editor, and Harrison, David K., editor
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- 2013
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20. The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population.
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Roccella, Michele and Roccella, Michele
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History of engineering & technology ,Technology: general issues ,15D ,ACEs ,Athens Insomnia Scale ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,BDI-II ,COVID-19 ,COVID-19 confinement ,COVID-19 emergency ,COVID-19 fear ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Chile ,Covid-19 ,DASS-21 ,EPDS ,ERT ,Egyptian ,GAD-7 ,Hashimoto's disease ,ISI ,Indonesia ,Ireland ,Italy ,Kosovo ,PHQ-9 ,Quality of Life ,SARS-CoV-2 ,SLE ,STAI ,TMD ,WHOQOL-BREF ,access to healthcare ,activity pattern ,adverse childhood experiences ,adversity ,ageing ,antibodies ,anxiety ,attitudes ,autism ,avoidance-oriented coping ,balance ,breathing difficulty ,burnout ,children ,chronic diseases ,chronic pain ,college students ,community pharmacists ,comprehensive health care ,consultation ,coping ,coping strategies ,coping styles ,coronavirus ,coronavirus disease ,cross-national study ,dentist ,depression ,depressive symptoms ,detraining ,diagnosis ,economic crisis ,elder abuse ,elderly population ,emergency ,emergency services ,emotion ,emotion awareness ,emotion-oriented coping ,emotional bond ,emotional distress ,emotions ,executive functioning ,falls ,family physician ,fear ,fear of COVID-19 ,fear of Covid-19 ,fear of contagion ,frailty ,gender ,gender differences ,general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) ,general population ,general self-reported health ,gerontechnology ,health ,health professionals ,health psychology ,healthcare personnel ,healthy adolescents ,healthy lifestyle ,healthy lifestyle behaviors ,help-seeking ,home confinement ,inactivity ,infectious disease ,inflammation ,insomnia ,interpersonal violence ,intervention ,knowledge ,life satisfaction ,living together ,lockdown ,lysosomal storage disease ,masticatory ,meaning-based resources ,mental health ,mental illness ,mood ,multiple sclerosis ,n/a ,neurodegenerative diseases ,neurological ,nursing ,occupational balance ,older adults ,orofacial pain ,pandemic ,pandemic COVID-19 ,pandemics ,parental distress ,parenting stress ,parents ,perceived control over time ,perceived stress ,personality ,physical activity ,physical activity (PA) ,post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ,postural control ,practices ,pregnancy ,pregnant ,prevention ,preventive behavior ,preventive measures ,primary care ,primary healthcare ,prospective memory ,psychiatric patients ,psychiatry ,psychological ,psychological coping ,psychological discomfort ,psychological distress ,psychological flexibility ,psychological health ,psychological impact ,psychological well-being ,psychological wellbeing ,psychopathological symptomatology ,psychopathological symptoms ,public ,public health ,public health strategies ,public mental health ,quality of life ,quarantine ,remote ,resilience ,resting heart rate ,restrictions ,risk factors ,risk perception ,risk perception of COVID-19 ,satisfaction with life ,sense of coherence ,serological test ,shelter-in-place measures ,short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) ,sleep duration ,social distancing ,somatic symptoms ,spirituality ,state anxiety ,state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) ,stomatognathic system ,stress ,stress disorder ,students ,task-oriented coping ,telemedicine ,telerehabilitation ,treatment effectiveness ,triggers ,type D personality ,type of personality ,undergraduates ,university students ,vaccination ,virus' transmission ,vitality ,wearable sensors ,well-being ,wellbeing ,working memory ,worry - Abstract
Summary: COVID-19 is a pandemic that has forced many states to declare restrictive measures in order to prevent its wider spread. These measures are necessary to protect the health of adults, children, and people with disabilities.Long quarantine periods could cause an increase in anxiety crises, fear of contagion, and post-traumatic stress disorder (frustration, boredom, isolation, fear, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating).Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop in subjects who have witnessed a traumatic, catastrophic, or violent event, or who have become aware of a traumatic experience that happened to a loved one.In fact, from current cases, it emerges that the prevalence of PTSD varies from 1% to 9% in the general population and can reach 50%-60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to traumas considered particularly serious. PTSD develops as a consequence of one or more physical or psychological traumatic events, such as exposure to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis; wars, torture, death threats; road accidents, robbery, air accidents; diseases with unfavorable prognoses; complicated or traumatic mourning; physical and sexual abuse and abuse during childhood; or victimization and discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. It can also develop following changes in lifestyle habits caused by the COVID-19 epidemic.Thank you for reading the manuscripts in this Special Issue, "The Impact of the COVID-19 Emergency on the Quality of Life of the General Population".
21. The effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparedness course on labor duration and outcomes.
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Yohai, David, Alharar, Debi, Cohen, Ruthi, Kaltian, Zohar, Aricha-Tamir, Barak, Ben Aion, Saviona, Yohai, Zehava, and Weintraub, Adi Y.
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ANXIETY diagnosis , *ANALGESICS , *BREASTFEEDING , *CHILDBIRTH , *EPISIOTOMY , *INTERVIEWING , *LABOR (Obstetrics) , *EVALUATION of medical care , *PREGNANCY , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *CROSS-sectional method , *PRIMIPARAS , *STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *COPING Strategies Questionnaire - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparation course (CPC) on labor duration and outcomes. Methods: A cross sectional study of 53 primiparous women who attended and 54 women who did not attend a CPC was conducted. The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score was used to diagnose anxiety. Clinical and obstetrical data were collected from the perinatal database of our center. Through post-partum interviews, coping strategies were assessed, patients graded their childbirth experience and breastfeeding was evaluated. Data were analyzed using description analyses and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The STAI score was significantly lower in the study group compared with controls (P = 0.025). The first stage and the entire duration of labor were significantly shorter (P = 0.036 and P = 0.026, respectively) in women who attended the CPC. No significant differences were found with regard to the mode of delivery, rate of episiotomy, use of analgesics and neonatal outcomes between the groups. Women in the study group rated their labor experience significantly higher (P = 0.016) and exhibited significantly higher rates of breastfeeding (P < 0.001) than controls. Conclusions: The knowledge acquired in the CPC has positive effects on the course of labor and delivery outcomes as well as higher rates of breastfeeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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22. Machine Learning-Based Anxiety Detection in Older Adults Using Wristband Sensors and Context Feature
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Nath, Rajdeep Kumar and Thapliyal, Himanshu
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- 2021
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23. An Assessment of the Level of COVID-19 Anxiety among Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Kinga Janik, Urszula Cwalina, Grażyna Iwanowicz-Palus, and Mateusz Cybulski
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SARS-CoV-2 ,short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) ,general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) ,pregnant ,state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) ,COVID-19 ,fear ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,anxiety ,Article - Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused general anxiety worldwide. Pregnant women are at a much higher risk of developing the infection due to multiple changes that occur in the body during this period. The consequences of the disease can be dramatic not only for the expectant mothers, but also for their unborn children. SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally known to cause serious concerns about future health and life. The data on the severity of COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety in pregnant women are insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety among pregnant women in Poland. Materials and Methods: The study included 173 pregnant women who volunteered for the research. The research was conducted by means of an online diagnostic survey containing an original questionnaire and the following standardized tools: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Results: Women hospitalised during pregnancy differed statistically significantly in terms of STAI-X1 scores. Primiparas obtained statistically significantly higher SHAI scores than multiparas. Women with higher education had higher SHAI scores. In the GAD-7 scale, 13.3% of respondents obtained a score suggesting a suspected generalised anxiety disorder. Conclusions: Pregnant women are concerned about both developing COVID-19 and the consequences of infection for themselves and their unborn children. The study demonstrated anxiety of varying severity (depending on the tool used). Hospital stay during pregnancy is an additional stressor in expectant women. Further studies are needed to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety to assess this phenomenon in Poland in more detail.
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- 2021
24. The Assessment of the Severity of COVID-19-Related Anxiety Symptoms in Participants of the University of the Third Age in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study among Internet Survey Respondents
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Urszula Cwalina, Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak, Mateusz Cybulski, and Dorota Sadowska
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Cross-sectional study ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) ,short health anxiety inventory (SHAI) ,Third age ,Population ,Article ,medicine ,Trait anxiety ,education ,older adults ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,anxiety ,humanities ,Mild symptoms ,Medicine ,Anxiety ,fear ,state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Introduction: Fear of infection with SARS-CoV-2 has become widespread. All over the world, since the very beginning of the pandemic, older adults have been considered one of the groups at highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death due to COVID-19. The aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of anxiety symptoms related to COVID-19 in the older adults who are participants of the Universities of the Third Age in Poland. Material and methods: The study included participants of the University of the Third Age in Poland. A total of 296 persons were enrolled, including 258 women and 38 men. The study was a diagnostic survey, conducted with the use of the following validated psychometric scales: General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: In two scales (STAI and SHAI), the mean scores demonstrated mild symptoms indicative of anxiety disorders in the older respondents. Women and men did differ significantly in terms of the scores obtained in STAI X-1 and STAI X-2. Single respondents differed significantly from divorced ones in terms of STAI X-1 scores. Moreover, widows/widowers differed significantly from divorced ones in terms of STAI X-2, and GAD-7 scores. Respondents declaring their financial status as average differed significantly from those declaring their financial status as good in terms of: STAI X-1, STAI X-2, SHAI, and GAD-7 scores. Conclusions: The subjective experience of anxiety symptoms associated with fear of contracting COVID-19 was increased due to the ongoing pandemic, but was not significantly high in the analysed population of older people. COVID-19-related anxiety was significantly more common in lonely individuals and in those of worse financial status. Women and men differed significantly in terms of perceived state anxiety and trait anxiety measured by STAI. More studies addressing COVID-19-related anxiety in older people participating in the Polish Universities of the Third Age are needed to determine a more accurate distribution of this phenomenon in Poland.
- Published
- 2021
25. Antenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic:a cross-sectional study in pregnant women from routine health care contact in Greece
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Georgios Papazisis, Apostolos Athanasiadis, Apostolos Mamopoulos, Ioannis Tsakiridis, Rebecca M. Pearson, and Themistoklis Dagklis
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) ,Cross-sectional study ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Anxiety ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,education.field_of_study ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Greece ,business.industry ,Depression ,Public health ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,COVID-19 ,Covid19 ,medicine.disease ,anxiety ,Mental health ,Pregnancy Complications ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,depression ,Antenatal depression ,Female ,pregnancy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Objectives The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures introduced to control it, on mental health, is largely unknown. Research conducted during past epidemics found that pregnant women are more vulnerable psychologically. The aim of this study was to investigate antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms during this pandemic in Greece. Methods All women receiving routine antenatal care, during a three-month period, starting one week after the total lockdown in Greece, in a University department, were asked to fill in two questionnaires, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results Overall, 505 women (93.3% of the eligible population) agreed to participate. The prevalence of antenatal depression (EPDS score≥13) in the population of the study was 13.5%. Unplanned pregnancy (OR: 2.447; 95% CI: 1.235–4.846), smoking (OR: 2.268; 95% CI: 1.166–4.411) and antenatal anxiety (OR: 5.074; 95% CI: 2.898–8.883) increased the risk of antenatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. State (current)-anxiety affected 34.1% of the participants, whereas Trait (lifetime)-anxiety affected 15.8%. The State-anxiety score (median) was significantly higher than the Trait-anxiety (median) (41 vs. 36; p Conclusions The unprecedented situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased anxiety, but not depression levels of pregnant women in Greece. Population level interventions to address adverse effects on anxiety status in the initial phases of similar situations may be helpful in the future.
- Published
- 2021
26. Cough variant asthma patients are more depressed and anxious than classic asthma patients.
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Saito, Norihiro, Itoga, Masamichi, Tamaki, Mami, Yamamoto, Ayako, and Kayaba, Hiroyuki
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ASTHMATICS , *COUGH , *MENTAL depression , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *OUTPATIENT medical care , *SOCIAL anxiety - Abstract
Objective Many recent studies have indicated that depression and anxiety are more common in asthmatic patients than in the general population and psychological stress can lead to asthma exacerbations, but no study specifically targets cough variant asthma (CVA) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate depression and anxiety levels in CVA patients compared with classic asthma patients and to identify the psychological features of CVA patients. Methods Fifty-nine outpatients with CVA and 128 outpatients with classic asthma were interviewed about psychosomatic and psychiatric symptoms, and they underwent three psychological tests: Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Comprehensive Asthma Inventory (CAI). They were ultimately screened for major and minor depression, dysthymia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Results CVA patients showed higher SDS and STAI scores than classic asthma patients, and mood disorders and anxiety disorders were more common than in classic asthma outpatients. The psychological factors ‘frustration’, ‘fright into illness’, and ‘distorted lifestyle’ were more prominent in CVA patients than in classic asthma patients. Conclusion CVA patients are on average more depressed and anxious than classic asthma outpatients. Though CVA appears pathologically to be just an early stage of typical asthma, the psychological stress may often be more serious than in asthma controlled by medication, which may explain why CVA cannot be controlled by a bronchodilator alone and patients often require no less intense therapy than for severe asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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27. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
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Shahid, Azmeh, Wilkinson, Kate, Marcu, Shai, Shapiro, Colin M., Shahid, Azmeh, editor, Wilkinson, Kate, editor, Marcu, Shai, editor, and Shapiro, Colin M, editor
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- 2012
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28. Preoperative Anxiety in Candidates for Heart Surgery.
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Fathi, Mehdi, Alavi, Seyed Mostafa, Joudi, Marjan, Joudi, Mitra, Mahdikhani, Helia, Ferasatkish, Rasool, Bakhshandeh, Houman, and Nooghabi, Mehdi Jabbari
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ANXIETY , *CARDIAC surgery , *HEALTH of older people , *PREOPERATIVE care , *DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics , *PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate preoperative anxiety and its predisposing factors in a group of adult patients who were candidate for any kind of heart surgery. Methods: We evaluated preoperative anxiety in 300 patients undergoing heart surgery whose ages ranged between 18-65 years. Relationship of probable demographic factors like gender, educational level, marital status, number of children, family support, opium addiction, occupational status, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with anxiety level of the patients were evaluated. To determine anxiety, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was completed by the subjects. Results: Descriptive anxiety levels showed that mean of state and trait anxiety of our studied patients were in moderate scaling. Correlation between state and trait anxiety was more prominent in females (r = 0.80) than in males (r = 0.70) (p < 0.001). Distribution of males and females was significantly different (p = 0.048). All the patients had significantly different underlying diseases (p = 0.018), opioid addiction (yes/no) was significantly different in all of the patients (p < 0.001), while family support (yes/no) was not significantly different in all of the patients (p = 0.453). There were significant differences between mean of preoperative anxiety at different LVEF values of any EF level (p < 0.001, F = 6.47); those who had LVEF of more than 50% had significantly lower mean anxiety scores. Conclusion: Preoperative psychiatric consultation should be focused more on women and patients with higher EF. Moreover, physical activity strength may be effective on reducing preoperative anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
29. Characteristics of Neurotic Angst of Martial Arts Athletes: A Study using STAI and EQS.
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NAKAMURA, KOUICHI, KODAMA, TAKAYUKI, and MUKAINO, YOSHITO
- Abstract
[Purpose] We investigated the mental characteristics of martial arts athletes using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EQS). [Subjects] The subjects were 80 healthy male martial arts athletes with an average age of 22.6±4.7. [Methods] We conducted STAI and EQS assessments, divided the athletes into Boxing (boxers and kick-boxers) and Grappling (judo and wrestlers) groups, and investigated and compared the types of sport and groups. [Results] In the STAI no differences were found between the groups or sports, but state anxiety and trait anxiety showed a tendency to have high scores compared to the standard score. In the EQS, the Boxing group showed significantly high values of self-control, and significantly low values of empathy. [Conclusion] The results suggest that a mental characteristic of martial arts athletes is a tendency to be susceptible to anxiety, and that the characteristics of a particular sport give shape to differences in areas of emotional intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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30. Nigella sativa L. seeds modulate mood, anxiety and cognition in healthy adolescent males.
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Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Shams, Tahiatul, Fahim Hossain, Sarder, Rahman, Md. Rezowanur, Mostofa, AGM, Fahim Kadir, Mohammad, Mahmood, Sharif, and Asaduzzaman, Md.
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AFFECT (Psychology) , *ALTERNATIVE medicine , *ANXIETY in adolescence , *CLINICAL trials , *COGNITION in adolescence , *NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *MEDICINAL plants , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *STATISTICAL sampling , *SEEDS , *ADOLESCENT health , *PLANT extracts , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Previous studies conducted on animals linked consumption of Nigella sativa L. seeds (NS) to decreased anxiety and improved memory. The present study, which was carried out at a boarding school in Bangladesh, was designed to examine probable effect of NS on mood, anxiety and cognition in adolescent human males. Materials and methods: Forty-eight healthy adolescent human males aged between 14 to 17 years were randomly recruited as volunteers and were randomly split into two groups: A (n=24) and B (n=24). The treatment procedure for group A and B were one capsule of 500mg placebo and 500mg NS respectively once daily for four weeks. All the volunteers were assessed for cognition with modified California verbal learning test-II (CVLT-II), mood with Bond–Lader scale and anxiety with State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at the beginning and after four weeks of either NS or placebo ingestion. Results and discussion: No parameter showed statistically significant variation between A and B in measurements in the beginning, but after 4 weeks of one capsule of NS 500mg intake, there was statistically significant variation of mood within group B but there was not statistically significant variation between group A and B. No significant variation was found in state anxiety within groups and between group A and B but in case of trait anxiety, significant variation was found within group B but not between group A and B. In case of CVLT II, there was significant variation within B in immediate short-term recall at trial 4 and 5 whereas this difference was found only in case of trial 5 between group A and B. Within group B, short term-free recall, long-term free recall and long-term cued recall had statistical difference whereas between group A and B long-term free recall and long-term cued recall had statistical difference. No parameters had significant variation within group A after placebo intake for 4 weeks. Conclusions: Over the 4 weeks study period, the use of NS as a nutritional supplement been observed to- stabilize mood, decrease anxiety and modulate cognition positively. However, long term study is suggested before using NS extensively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2014
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31. A semi-immersive virtual reality incremental swing balance task activates prefrontal cortex: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.
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Basso Moro, Sara, Bisconti, Silvia, Muthalib, Makii, Spezialetti, Matteo, Cutini, Simone, Ferrari, Marco, Placidi, Giuseppe, and Quaresima, Valentina
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PREFRONTAL cortex , *NEAR infrared spectroscopy , *BRAIN imaging , *VIRTUAL reality , *HYPOTHESIS , *BRAIN function localization , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: Previous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies indicated that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in the maintenance of the postural balance after external perturbations. So far, no studies have been conducted to investigate the PFC hemodynamic response to virtual reality (VR) tasks that could be adopted in the field of functional neurorehabilitation. The aim of this fNIRS study was to assess PFC oxygenation response during an incremental and a control swing balance task (ISBT and CSBT, respectively) in a semi-immersive VR environment driven by a depth-sensing camera. It was hypothesized that: i) the PFC would be bilaterally activated in response to the increase of the ISBT difficulty, as this cortical region is involved in the allocation of attentional resources to maintain postural control; and ii) the PFC activation would be greater in the right than in the left hemisphere considering its dominance for visual control of body balance. To verify these hypotheses, 16 healthy male subjects were requested to stand barefoot while watching a 3 dimensional virtual representation of themselves projected onto a screen. They were asked to maintain their equilibrium on a virtual blue swing board susceptible to external destabilizing perturbations (i.e., randomizing the forward-backward direction of the impressed pulse force) during a 3-min ISBT (performed at four levels of difficulty) or during a 3-min CSBT (performed constantly at the lowest level of difficulty of the ISBT). The center of mass (COM), at each frame, was calculated and projected on the floor. When the subjects were unable to maintain the COM over the board, this became red (error). After each error, the time required to bring back the COM on the board was calculated (returning time). An eight-channel continuous wave fNIRS system was employed for measuring oxygenation changes (oxygenated-hemoglobin, O2Hb; deoxygenated-hemoglobin, HHb) related to the PFC activation (Brodmann Areas 10, 11 and 46). The results have indicated that the errors increased between the first and the second level of difficulty of the ISBT, then decreased and remained constant; the returning time progressively increased during the first three levels of difficulty and then remained constant. During the CSBT, the errors and the returning time did not change. In the ISBT, the increase of the first three levels of difficulty was accompanied by a progressive increase in PFC O2Hb and a less consistent decrease in HHb. A tendency to plateau was observable for PFC O2Hb and HHb changes in the fourth level of difficulty of the ISBT, which could be partly explained by a learning effect. A right hemispheric lateralization was not found. A lower amplitude of increase in O2Hb and decrease in HHb was found in the PFC in response to the CSBT with respect to the ISBT. This study has demonstrated that the oxygenation increased over the PFC while performing an ISBT in a semi-immersive VR environment. These data reinforce the involvement of the PFC in attention-demanding balance tasks. Considering the adaptability of this virtual balance task to specific neurological disorders, the absence of motion sensing devices, and the motivating/safe semi-immersive VR environment, the ISBT adopted in this study could be considered valuable for diagnostic testing and for assessing the effectiveness of functional neurorehabilitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2014
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32. Dysregulated responses to emotions among abstinent heroin users: Correlation with childhood neglect and addiction severity.
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Gerra, G., Somaini, L., Manfredini, M., Raggi, M.A., Saracino, M.A., Amore, M., Leonardi, C., Cortese, E., and Donnini, C.
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HEROIN , *STIMULUS & response (Biology) , *EMOTIONAL conditioning , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *BLOOD sampling , *ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC hormone - Abstract
Abstract: The aim of this paper was to investigate the subjective responses of abstinent heroin users to both neutral and negative stimuli and the related hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal reactions to emotional experience in relationship to their perception of childhood adverse experiences. Thirty male abstinent heroin dependents were included in the study. Emotional responses and childhood neglect perception were measured utilizing the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y-1 and the Child Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. Neutral and unpleasant pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System and the Self-Assessment Manikin procedure have been used to determine ratings of pleasure and arousal. These ratings were compared with normative values obtained from healthy volunteers used as control. Blood samples were collected before and after the experimental sessions to determine both adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol plasma levels. Basal anxiety scores, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were higher in abstinent heroin users than in controls. Tests showed that anxiety scores did not change in controls after the vision of neutral slides, whilst they did in abstinent heroin addicts, increasing significantly; and increased less significantly after the unpleasant task, in comparison to controls. Abstinent heroin users showed significantly higher levels of parent antipathy and childhood emotional neglect perception than controls for both the father and the mother. Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels did not significantly increase after unpleasant slide set viewing among addicted individuals, because of the significantly higher basal levels characterizing the addicted subjects in comparison with controls. Multiple regression correlation showed a significant relationship between childhood neglect perception, arousal reaction, impaired hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis response and addiction severity. Early adverse experiences seem to affect the entire interaction between hyper-arousal, reduced hormonal response to stress and addiction severity. Our findings, although obtained in a small number of subjects, indicate a significant link between the perception of parental style/care/support during childhood and the ability to cope with stressful emotional stimuli in adulthood and addiction severity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
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33. Türkiye A Milli Güreş Takımındaki sporcuların ağırlık kaybı dönemlerindeki beslenme ve kaygı durumları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi
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Şahiner, Merve, Öztürk, Rabia İclal, Ersoy, Gülgün, and Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı
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State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Beslenme ,Güreş ,Beslenme ve Diyetetik ,Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı ,Wrestling ,Nutrition - Abstract
Bu çalışma, Türkiye A Milli Güreş Takımındaki 18 yaş üstü sporcuların ağırlık kaybı dönemlerindeki beslenme ve kaygı durumları arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma; serbest stil kadın ve erkekler ile greko-romen stil erkekler milli güreş takımı kamplarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya 25 kadın, 23 erkek toplamda 48 sporcu katılmıştır. Kadınların yaş ortalaması 21.20±2.41 yıl, erkeklerin yaş ortalaması 25.56±4.18 yıldır. Sporculara araştırma modeline uygun şekilde düzenlenmiş gönüllü onay formu, sosyodemografik özellikleri, beslenme ve antrenman durumlarını araştıran bir anket formu ile sezon içi hazırlık dönemlerinde ve müsabakadan önceki hafta içinde iki kez olmak üzere besin tüketim formu ile durumluk ve sürekli kaygı durumlarını ölçmek için STAI Form TX-1,2 ölçekleri uygulanmıştır. Sporcuların beslenme durumları Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BEBİS) ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda; müsabaka döneminde erkek sporcuların kaygı puanının kadınlara oranla daha yüksek olduğu, ancak sürekli kaygı puanları dikkate alındığında kadın sporcuların erkeklere göre daha yüksek sürekli kaygı puanına sahip olduğu ve evli sporcuların müsabaka dönemi durumluk kaygı puanının bekar sporculardan daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Müsabaka öncesi hazırlık döneminde su/sıvı kısıtlamasının müsabaka dönemi durumluk kaygı puanlarının artırdığı bulunmuştur. Müsabaka öncesi hazırlık döneminde vücut ağırlığının sıklete göre ayarlandığı gün sayısı azaldıkça, durumluk kaygının arttığı gözlemlenmiştir (p
- Published
- 2020
34. Pain modulation induced by respiration: Phase and frequency effects.
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Arsenault, Marianne, Ladouceur, Alexandra, Lehmann, Alexandre, Rainville, Pierre, and Piché, Mathieu
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PAIN , *RESPIRATION , *BRAIN physiology , *RELAXATION for health , *ANALGESIA , *SOLITARY nucleus , *ELECTROMYOGRAPHY , *COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Highlights: [•] Manipulation of respiration produced small effects on shock pain and brain activity. [•] Hypoalgesic effects involved respiration phase but not frequency. [•] Hypoalgesic effects were independent of the inhibition of spinal nociception. [•] Pain inhibition was marginal compared with studies on relaxation techniques. [•] The analgesic effects of these techniques may not only depend on respiration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2013
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35. Evaluation of the occurrence of anxiety in pregnant women with regard to environmental conditions
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Anna Jurczak, Andrzej Torbé, Bożena Mroczek, Marta Stanisz, Przemysław Ciepiela, Rafał Kurzawa, Dorota Branecka-Woźniak, and Beata Karakiewicz
- Subjects
Pregnancy ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,General Medicine ,anxiety ,medicine.disease ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,medicine ,Anxiety ,pregnancy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,environment ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2018
36. Neuropsychological functioning in young subjects with generalized anxiety disorder with and without pharmacotherapy.
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Tempesta, D., Mazza, M., Serroni, N., Moschetta, F.S., Di Giannantonio, M., Ferrara, M., and De Berardis, D.
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NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *NEUROPSYCHOLOGY , *ANXIETY disorders , *DRUG therapy , *COGNITIVE ability , *CONTROL groups , *COMORBIDITY - Abstract
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuropsychological functioning and the effect of antidepressant drug intake on cognitive performance in a group of relatively young generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients. Forty patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of GAD and 31 healthy subjects participated in the study (Control group, CON). None of the selected subjects had comorbid depression. GAD subjects were divided into two different subgroups: 18 were taking antidepressants [GAD-pharmacotherapy (GAD-p group)] and 22 were treatment-naïve (GAD group). Each group was administered with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to assess attention, memory and executive functions. Performance on executive and non-verbal memory tasks of both GAD groups was largely worse than the CON group. However, these deficits seem to be more marked in patients taking antidepressants, especially in the domains of attention, non-verbal memory and executive functions. The present study indicates that GAD is associated with cognitive impairments among young adults. However, the observed association of neuropsychological deficits and the use of pharmacotherapy suggest a possible effect of antidepressant treatment on attention, executive functioning and non-verbal memory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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37. Prefrontal cortex activity during motor tasks with additional mental load requiring attentional demand: A near-infrared spectroscopy study.
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Mandrick, Kevin, Derosiere, Gérard, Dray, Gérard, Coulon, Denis, Micallef, Jean-Paul, and Perrey, Stéphane
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PREFRONTAL cortex , *MOTOR neurons , *ATTENTION , *NEAR infrared spectroscopy , *NEURAL stimulation , *TASK performance - Abstract
Highlights: [•] We investigated the right prefrontal cortex activation during a dual-task paradigm. [•] The performance on the arithmetic task decreased when the level of force increased. [•] Submaximal handgrip tasks increased relatively prefrontal activity. [•] Motor and mental stimuli do not interact in generating higher prefrontal activation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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38. Psychosocial predictors of self-reported fatigue in patients with moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome.
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Lackner, Jeffrey M., Gudleski, Gregory D., DiMuro, Jennifer, Keefer, Laurie, and Brenner, Darren M.
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IRRITABLE colon , *FATIGUE (Physiology) , *GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux , *PERCEIVED Stress Scale , *MENTAL depression , *ATTENTION restoration theory , *PATIENTS , *DISEASES - Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the level, impact, and predictors of fatigue in patients with moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). One hundred seventy five patients meeting Rome III criteria for IBS completed a variety of measures including the vitality scale of the SF-12, IBS-Symptom Severity Scale, IBS-QOL, Brief Symptom Inventory-18, Screening for Somatoform Symptoms (SOMS-7), and a semi structured clinical interview (IBS-PRO) as part of a pretreatment evaluation of an NIH funded clinical trial of cognitive behavior therapy for IBS. Fatigue was the third most common somatic complaint, reported by 61% of the patients. Levels of fatigue were associated with both somatic (more severe IBS symptoms, greater number of unexplained medical symptoms), behavioral (frequency of restorative experiences) and psychological (e.g., trait anxiety, depression) outcomes after holding constant confounding variables. The final model in multiple regression analyses accounted for 41.6% of the variance in self-reported fatigue scores with significant predictors including anxiety sensitivity, perceived stress, IBS symptom severity, restorative activities and depression. The clinical implications of data as they relate to both IBS and CBT in general are discussed in the context of attention restoration theory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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39. Machine-Based Hand Massage Ameliorates Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Awaiting Ambulatory Surgery
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Cheng-Hua Ni, Chia Che Wu, Pao-Yu Chou, Li Wei, Ching-Chiu Kao, Chueh-Ho Lin, and Yeu-Hui Chuang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Vital signs ,preoperative ,Anxiety ,hand massage ,03 medical and health sciences ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,ambulatory surgery ,Prospective cohort study ,Massage therapies ,Massage ,030504 nursing ,business.industry ,Original Articles ,Hand ,Surgery ,Blood pressure ,Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ,Ambulatory ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,business - Abstract
Background Hand massage therapies have been used to relieve anxiety and pain in various clinical situations. The effects of machine-based hand massage on preoperative anxiety in ambulatory surgery settings have not been evaluated. Purpose This prospective study was designed to investigate the effect of machine-based hand massage on preoperative anxiety and vital signs in ambulatory surgery patients. Methods One hundred ninety-nine patients aged 18 years and older who were scheduled to receive ambulatory surgery were recruited from the Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital in Taipei City, Taiwan. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (n = 101), which received presurgical machine-based hand massage therapy, and the control group (n = 98), which received no intervention. The patients in both groups completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form at preintervention (baseline) and postintervention. Results Within-group comparisons of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form scores showed significant decreases between preintervention and postintervention scores in the experimental group (44.3 ± 11.2 to 37.9 ± 8.7) and no significant change in the control group. Within-group comparisons of vital signs revealed a significant increase in mean respiration rate between baseline and postintervention in both groups (both ps < .05). Blood pressure was found to have decreased significantly only in the control group at postintervention (p < .05). No significant preintervention to postintervention change in pulse was observed in either group. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that machine-based hand massage reduces anxiety significantly in patients awaiting ambulatory surgery while not significantly affecting their vital signs.
- Published
- 2021
40. An Assessment of the Level of COVID-19 Anxiety among Pregnant Women in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Janik, Kinga, Cwalina, Urszula, Iwanowicz-Palus, Grażyna, and Cybulski, Mateusz
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PREGNANT women , *GENERALIZED anxiety disorder , *STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *COVID-19 pandemic , *ANXIETY - Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused general anxiety worldwide. Pregnant women are at a much higher risk of developing the infection due to multiple changes that occur in the body during this period. The consequences of the disease can be dramatic not only for the expectant mothers, but also for their unborn children. SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally known to cause serious concerns about future health and life. The data on the severity of COVID-19 pandemic-related anxiety in pregnant women are insufficient. The aim of the study was to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety among pregnant women in Poland. Materials and Methods: The study included 173 pregnant women who volunteered for the research. The research was conducted by means of an online diagnostic survey containing an original questionnaire and the following standardized tools: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Results: Women hospitalised during pregnancy differed statistically significantly in terms of STAI-X1 scores. Primiparas obtained statistically significantly higher SHAI scores than multiparas. Women with higher education had higher SHAI scores. In the GAD-7 scale, 13.3% of respondents obtained a score suggesting a suspected generalised anxiety disorder. Conclusions: Pregnant women are concerned about both developing COVID-19 and the consequences of infection for themselves and their unborn children. The study demonstrated anxiety of varying severity (depending on the tool used). Hospital stay during pregnancy is an additional stressor in expectant women. Further studies are needed to assess the level of COVID-19-related anxiety to assess this phenomenon in Poland in more detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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41. Psychometric Properties of the State—Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA): Comparison to the State—Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
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Grös, Daniel F., Antony, Martin M., Simms, Leonard J., and McCabe, Randi E.
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ANXIETY testing , *SOMATIZATION disorder , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *MENTAL depression , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *FACTOR analysis , *STANDARD deviations , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research - Abstract
The State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA; M. J. Ree, C. MacLeod, D. French, & V. Locke, 2000) was designed to assess cognitive and somatic symptoms of anxiety as they pertain to one's mood in the moment (state) and in general (trait). This study extended the previous psychometric findings to a clinical sample and validated the STICSA against a well-published measure of anxiety, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; C. D. Spielberger, 1983). Patients (N = 567) at an anxiety disorders clinic were administered a battery of questionnaires. The results of confirmatory factor analyses (Bentler-Bonnett nonnormed fit index, comparative fit index, and Bollen fit index > .90; root-mean-square error of approximation < .05); convergent and discriminant validity analyses; and group comparisons supported the reliability and validity of the STICSA as a measure of state and trait cognitive and somatic anxiety. In addition, compared with the STAI (anxiety: rs ≤ .52; depression: rs ≤ .64), the STICSA was more strongly correlated with another measure of anxiety (rs ≥ .67) and was less strongly correlated with a measure of depression (rs ≤ .61). These findings suggest that the STICSA may be a purer measure of anxiety symptomatology than is the STAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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42. Evaluation of anxiety in Parkinson's disease with some commonly used rating scales.
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Mondolo, F., Jahanshahi, M., Granà, A., Biasutti, E., Cacciatori, E., Di Benedetto, P., and Granà, A
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ANXIETY , *PARKINSON'S disease , *AGITATION (Psychology) , *MENTAL depression , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *ANXIETY diagnosis , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *NONPARAMETRIC statistics , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *RESEARCH , *SEX distribution , *EVALUATION research , *SEVERITY of illness index , *STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *DISEASE complications ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
This study assessed the concurrent validity of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (Ham-A) for evaluating anxiety in a group of 46 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The magnitude of correlations between the scales was high (all p<0.01), indicating a good concurrent validity. The item-by item analysis indicated that the main characteristics of anxiety in PD patients were 'inability to relax', 'restlessness or inability to feel calm' and 'feeling tense'. The association between anxiety, as measured by the HADS-A, with demographic characteristics or clinical features of PD was not significant, supporting existing data suggesting that anxiety in PD is not closely correlated with the severity of motor symptoms or the degree of disability. The HADS-A may be the most appropriate scale for documenting patient-reported anxiety in depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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43. Primary Hyperhidrosis and Anxiety: a Prospective Preoperative Survey of 158 Patients.
- Author
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Ramos, R., Moya, J., Turón, V., Pérez, J., Villalonga, R., Morera, R., Perna, V., and Ferrer, G.
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HYPERHIDROSIS ,PSYCHOMETRICS ,ANXIETY ,SYMPTOMS ,PALPITATION - Abstract
Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
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44. Flunitrazepam-induced changes in neurophysiological, behavioural, and subjective measures used to assess sedation
- Author
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Lucchesi, Lígia M., Pompéia, Sabine, Manzano, Gilberto M., Kohn, André F., Galduroz, José C.F., Bueno, Orlando F.A., and Tufik, Sérgio
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BENZODIAZEPINES , *EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology) - Abstract
Introduction: Certain features of event-related potentials (ERPs), electroencephalographic (EEG), and behavioural measures vary with differing states of alertness and/or sedation. Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate changes in several measures usually viewed as reflecting states of sedation/sleepiness associated with the use of a range of doses of the hypnotic benzodiazepine (BZD) flunitrazepam (FNZ). Methods: This was a double blind, independent group design study of the effects of acute oral doses of FNZ in young healthy volunteers. Forty-eight subjects were randomly allocated to one of four groups—FNZ (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mg) and placebo (PLAC)—and tested prior to treatment and then in a posttreatment session close to the theoretical peak plasma concentration. ERP latencies and amplitudes were measured at midfrontal (Fz), midcentral (Cz), and midparietal (Pz) using a standard auditory oddball paradigm. EEG changes were assessed at Pz. Behavioural measures included the digit–symbol substitution test (DSST), a cancellation task (CT), and subjective ratings of alertness and attentiveness by the subjects (SUB) and the experimenter (EXP). Results: FNZ led to psychomotor impairments and decreased alertness and attention; these effects were consistent with previous findings. A progressive, dose-related increase in P3 latency occurred in Fz, Cz, and Pz, and there was an increase in N1 (Fz, Cz) and N2 (Fz). N2–P3 amplitude decreased in Fz. EEG power bands beta 1 increased for the two highest doses, but no significant differences were noted in theta, delta, and alpha bands. P3 latencies, experimenter-rated levels of alertness, and DSST scores differentiated all three doses of FNZ from PLAC. Conclusion: The most sensitive measures used were P3 latencies of the ERPs (which varied with FNZ dose), DSST, and the experimenter-rated levels of alertness. However, we found no evidence for the assumption that one single phenomenon was reflected in all measures and different mechanisms were probably involved. Further experiments will be needed for more in-depth probing of the finer mechanisms underlying sedation/sleepiness and how they affect behavioural and eletrophysiological measures of the central nervous system (CNS) function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
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45. Maternal anxiety in late pregnancy: effect on fetal movements and fetal heart rate
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Sjöström, Karin, Valentin, Lil, Thelin, Thomas, and Maršál, Karel
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FETAL heart rate monitoring , *ANXIETY - Abstract
Aim: To determine whether maternal state and trait anxiety levels affect fetal movements or fetal heart rate (FHR) in the third trimester. Subjects: Forty-one healthy pregnant nulliparous women not on medication and with a singleton pregnancy. Study design: Maternal anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger State- Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) at 36 gestational weeks. The fetuses of the women were examined at 37–40 gestational weeks with ultrasound observation of fetal movements and cardiotocography (CTG). The results of the fetal examinations were compared between women with low and high anxiety scores (low scores being defined as scores below the median and high scores as scores equal to or above the median of the study population), and correlation analyses between anxiety scores and the outcome variables were performed. Outcome measures: The presence and duration (expressed as a percentage of the total examination time) of FHR patterns A, B, C, and D, the percentage duration of fetal movements in each FHR pattern, baseline FHR and FHR variability in each FHR pattern. Results: The presence of FHR patterns A, B, C, and D, the duration of FHR patterns A, B, and C, FHR variability in FHR patterns A, B, and C, baseline FHR and the percentage duration of fetal movements in each FHR pattern did not differ between women with low and high state and trait anxiety scores. In fetuses with FHR pattern D, the duration of FHR pattern D increased with increasing maternal trait anxiety scores, (rho=0.88; p=0.008), and FHR variability in FHR pattern D increased with maternal state and trait anxiety scores (r=0.86, p=0.01; r=0.96, p=0.001). Conclusion: Maternal anxiety does not seem to affect fetal movements or baseline FHR in late pregnancy, but there is a possible association between maternal anxiety and the duration of FHR pattern D and FHR variability in FHR pattern D. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2002
46. The Assessment of the Severity of COVID-19-Related Anxiety Symptoms in Participants of the University of the Third Age in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study among Internet Survey Respondents.
- Author
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Cybulski, Mateusz, Cwalina, Urszula, Sadowska, Dorota, and Krajewska-Kułak, Elżbieta
- Subjects
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OLDER people , *ANXIETY sensitivity , *STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory , *INTERNET surveys , *ANXIETY , *LONELINESS - Abstract
Introduction: Fear of infection with SARS-CoV-2 has become widespread. All over the world, since the very beginning of the pandemic, older adults have been considered one of the groups at highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death due to COVID-19. The aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of anxiety symptoms related to COVID-19 in the older adults who are participants of the Universities of the Third Age in Poland. Material and methods: The study included participants of the University of the Third Age in Poland. A total of 296 persons were enrolled, including 258 women and 38 men. The study was a diagnostic survey, conducted with the use of the following validated psychometric scales: General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: In two scales (STAI and SHAI), the mean scores demonstrated mild symptoms indicative of anxiety disorders in the older respondents. Women and men did differ significantly in terms of the scores obtained in STAI X-1 and STAI X-2. Single respondents differed significantly from divorced ones in terms of STAI X-1 scores. Moreover, widows/widowers differed significantly from divorced ones in terms of STAI X-2, and GAD-7 scores. Respondents declaring their financial status as average differed significantly from those declaring their financial status as good in terms of: STAI X-1, STAI X-2, SHAI, and GAD-7 scores. Conclusions: The subjective experience of anxiety symptoms associated with fear of contracting COVID-19 was increased due to the ongoing pandemic, but was not significantly high in the analysed population of older people. COVID-19-related anxiety was significantly more common in lonely individuals and in those of worse financial status. Women and men differed significantly in terms of perceived state anxiety and trait anxiety measured by STAI. More studies addressing COVID-19-related anxiety in older people participating in the Polish Universities of the Third Age are needed to determine a more accurate distribution of this phenomenon in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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47. Machine-Based Hand Massage Ameliorates Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Awaiting Ambulatory Surgery.
- Author
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NI, Cheng-Hua, WEI, Li, WU, Chia-Che, LIN, Chueh-Ho, CHOU, Pao-Yu, CHUANG, Yeu-Hui, and KAO, Ching-Chiu
- Subjects
- *
ANXIETY treatment , *PREOPERATIVE care , *MASSAGE therapy , *VITAL signs , *MANN Whitney U Test , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *T-test (Statistics) , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *AMBULATORY surgery , *STATISTICAL sampling , *LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Background: Hand massage therapies have been used to relieve anxiety and pain in various clinical situations. The effects of machine-based hand massage on preoperative anxiety in ambulatory surgery settings have not been evaluated. Purpose: This prospective study was designed to investigate the effect of machine-based hand massage on preoperative anxiety and vital signs in ambulatory surgery patients. Methods: One hundred ninety-nine patients aged 18 years and older who were scheduled to receive ambulatory surgery were recruited from the Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital in Taipei City, Taiwan. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (n = 101), which received presurgical machine-based hand massage therapy, and the control group (n = 98), which received no intervention. The patients in both groups completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form at preintervention (baseline) and postintervention. Results: Within-group comparisons of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form scores showed significant decreases between preintervention and postintervention scores in the experimental group (44.3 ± 11.2 to 37.9 ± 8.7) and no significant change in the control group. Within-group comparisons of vital signs revealed a significant increase in mean respiration rate between baseline and postintervention in both groups (both p s <.05). Blood pressure was found to have decreased significantly only in the control group at postintervention (p <.05). No significant preintervention to postintervention change in pulse was observed in either group. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that machine-based hand massage reduces anxiety significantly in patients awaiting ambulatory surgery while not significantly affecting their vital signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A randomized prospective study on anxiety reduction by preparatory disclosure with and without video film show about a planned heart catheterization.
- Author
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HERRMANN, K. S. and KREUZER, H.
- Abstract
Unfortunately, giving preparatory information to the patient is generally regarded as legally mandatory for obtaining his written consent to an invasive procedure. Disclosure, however, could be used to reduce his anxiety as well; we hypothesized that showing a preparatory video film might be helpful in this respect. Patients who were admitted for elective coronary angiography were eligible for the study. 65 were randomized to two groups: both groups received the same leaflet and personal interview with the doctor, but only one group (Group 2) additionally watched a 14 min preparatory video. Anxiety was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The two groups did not differ with respect to initial anxiety levels and other important parameters. Group 1 patients, who did not watch the video had no significant reduction in anxiety score; group 2 patients showed a significant benefit. We conclude that disclosure with the additional aid of a video film may be an easy, yet effective way to reduce patients' anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
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49. Investigation of trait anxiety as a predictor of dental anxiety
- Author
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Olszewska-Czyż, Iwona, Kantorowicz, Małgorzata, and Chomyszyn-Gajewska, Maria
- Subjects
lęk ,Skala Lęku Stomatologicznego Coraha (DAS) ,lęk stomatologiczny ,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,trait anxiety ,dental anxiety ,Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) ,Inwentarz do Pomiaru Lęku Stanu i Cechy (STAI) ,state anxiety - Abstract
Wstęp. Uczucie lęku towarzyszące leczeniu stomatologicznemu jest znanym zjawiskiem. Niektóre badania wykazują związek pomiędzy lękiem stomatologicznym a strachem czy innymi dysfunkcjami psychologicznymi. Cel badania. Celem badania było określenie związku pomiędzy lękiem stomatologicznym a lękiem jako cechą i stanem. W badaniu uwzględniono również parametry socjodemograficzne. Materiał i metody. 138 dorosłych pacjentów (65 kobiet i 73 mężczyzn) zostało włączonych do badania w Uniwersyteckiej Klinice Stomatologicznej w Krakowie. Badanie ankietowe składało się ze Skali Lęku Stomatologicznego Coraha (DAS) oraz Inwentarza do Pomiaru Lęku jako Stanu i Cechy (STAI). Do analizy statystycznej wykorzystano współczynnik alfa Cronbacha oraz współczynnik korelacji Pearsona. Poziom istotności statystycznej wynosił p=0,05. Wyniki. Lęk stomatologiczny korelował z lękiem jako stanem (0,9016) oraz lękiem jako cechą (0,8643). Silna korelacja wystąpiła pomiędzy lękiem stomatologicznym a badanymi parametrami socjodemograficznymi: wiek (0,2093), płeć (0,2216), wykształcenie (-0,3814). Wnioski. Lęk stomatologiczny ma związek z ogólną tendencją do odczuwania stanów lękowych. Odpowiednia opieka nad pacjentem z objawami lęku może znacznie wpłynąć na poprawę jakości jego życia. Introduction. Feeling of anxiety related to dental treatment is a fairly common phenomenon. Some studies have shown that there is an association between dental anxiety and general fears, neuroticism and general psychological disorders. Aim of the study. To examine the relationship between the dental, state and trait anxiety. Also the socio-demographic variables were considered in the study. Materials and Methods. The survey included 138 adult patients (65 women and 73 men) with the mean age (± standard deviation) of 39.3 (±14) years that were admitted to the University Dental Clinic in Cracow, Poland. The Polish version of Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used for the assessment of dental, state and trait anxiety. For statistical analysis the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise progressive regression were applied. The cutoff level of significance was taken as p=0.05. Results. Dental anxiety was significantly correlated to the state (0.9016) and trait anxiety (0.8643). Strong relation was found between dental anxiety and the socio-demographic variables: age (0.2093), sex (0.2216), education (-0.3814) and the date of the last dental appointment (0.8134). Conclusions. Dental anxiety is related to the general tendency to be apprehensive and to manifest anxiety. It seems reasonable to manage patient’s dental anxiety symptoms properly, as this might increase their quality of life.
- Published
- 2016
50. Evaluation of Anxiety in College Students Undergoing Camp Program Using State-Traitt Anxiety Inventry (STAI) Method
- Author
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Takashi, Ono, Maki, Ueya, Masayuki, Nishimaki, Yumiko, Takase, Haruo, Sugiura, Naoaki, Ishida, Etsuo, Ueya, Minoru, Ohnuki, 論文, and Article
- Subjects
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ,welfare education camp ,camp guidance ,状態不安(STAI) ,anxiety ,生活体験学習 ,福祉教育キャンプ - Abstract
本研究は、浦和大学短期大学部福祉科で実施されるキャンプ実習(スポーツ実技B)に参加した学生60名(男子学生7名、女子学生53名)を対象に、キャンプ実習の体験学習が学生の心理的側面にどのような影響を及ぼすのかSTAI日本語版X-1(状態不安)調査用紙を用いてキャンプの効用を明らかにした。その結果、 1)キャンプ実習前のSTAIは、学生全体の60.0%が高い不安得点であった。 2)キャンプ実習後のSTAIは、高い不安得点は全体の21.7%へと減少した。 3)キャンプ実習前後の不安得点の平均値は、実習前の45.2±9.8点から、実習後に35.8±8.6点へと有意に低下していた。, The purpose of this study was to evaluate of anxiety in college students undergoing a camp program by using a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) method. Sixty students (7 males and 53 females) undergoing the camp program in a series of four days included three nights were studied. We evaluated the change of students' state anxiety pre-and post-camping with the STAI (Form X-1, Japanese Version) method, and investigated difference of students' state anxiety pre and post camping by paired t-test. The results obtained were as follows: 1)In the pre-camp, 60% of the student body showed high state anxiety. 2)In the post-camp, the state anxiety significantly decreased (from 60% to 21.7%) compared with the pre-camp. 3)The anxiety score in the post-camp (35.8±8.6 points) was significantly lower than that in the pre-camp (45.2±9.8 points).
- Published
- 2004
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