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International audience; Flagstaff, Arizona, United States, April 15, 1958: the city council adopts the ordinance n°440 which aims at “preventing a rapid deterioration of the visibility of the starry sky”. This regulation results from the mobilization of the Lowell Observatory astronomers against certain public lighting devices. Through this political act, the elected officials place their city at the epicenter of an emergent international movement: the ‘Dark-sky movement’. The first replica of this movement is felt in 1972 in Tucson, Arizona. From a discomfort perceived by astronomers from the Lowell and Kitt Peak observatories, the idea of ‘light pollution’ emerges and begins to spread through different networks and authorities in astronomy and lighting. The negative effects of artificial nocturnal light (ALAN) spread with the urban sprawl, and leads in the 90's, under the aegis of professional astronomers, to attempts at the patrimonialization of the starry sky in international organizations such as UNESCO. However, these attempts remain at the level of a declaration of principle: the starry sky, an intangible asset, does not fall within the criteria of UNESCO's heritage protection. The associations of the Dark-sky movement pursue their objective of preserving the starry sky by relying on ‘International dark sky places’, built on the center-periphery spatial model of protected areas. The recent rise in ecological issues and human and non-human well-being are redefining the methods of combating light pollution and its governance. Our communication will return to this paradigm shift. It will discuss the concept of the ‘dark ecological network’ as a social-ecological framework capable of extending the fight against light pollution to exceptional as well as ordinary skies. We will thus show that for us, making the starry sky a common good involves the territorialization of the darkness preservation in remarkable and ordinary territories.

Plasmablastic Lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a low survival rate. It is associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection but also affects patients with autoimmune diseases as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, systemic lupus erythematosus and with long-term immunosuppression for heart and kidney transplants, ulcerative colitis. It has been reported in immunocompetent and HIV negative patients, determining the diagnosis more challenging. A rare case of bleeding gingival hyperplastic PBL in the left posterior mandibular area in a 61-year-old HIV negative male patient is reported. Histological assessment showed that oral mucosa was infiltrated by a monomorphic population of large lymphoid elements with morphological characteristics similar to immunoblasts with a “starry sky” appearance. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for CD138, Kappa and Lambda light chains, and negative for CKAE1/3, Synaptophysine, Chromogranin, CD56, and CD20. The detection of the primary oral manifestation of PBL remains challenging in immunocompetent patients and this case report aims to broaden the knowledge of the possible oral clinical aspects of PBL.

Si « ce qui est rare est cher », alors ce qui se raréfie prend de la valeur. Plus exactement, et parce qu’il n’est pas de création ex nihilo, la valeur de cette chose, jusqu’alors méconnue ou négligée, se trouve révélée par la menace de son érosion. Sous l’effet de la pollution lumineuse, l’obscurité et le ciel étoilé́ sont de ces objets devenus rares et dont nous mesurons les apports maintenant qu’ils semblent nous échapper. En réaction, des territoires organisent la protection de ces « objets de nature » devenus chers, activant ainsi leurs multiples valeurs. Les pieds sur terre et la tête dans les étoiles, nous remontons le fil des valeurs qui émergent de la filière ciel étoilé et des multiples services et activités qu’elle valorise, et pas que monétairement. En tension avec d’autres activités et besoins humains, l’accessibilité à l’obscurité et donc au ciel étoilé est de plus en plus inégalement répartie dans l’espace. Pour autant, cette disparité spatiale se mue en une nouvelle carte à jouer pour des territoires jusqu’alors isolés des gains de la modernité. If “that which is rare is precious”, then that which becomes scarce gains value. More precisely—and because nothing is created ex nihilo—the value of that thing, previously little-known or neglected, ends up being revealed by the threat of its erosion. Under the effect of light pollution, darkness and the starry sky are among those objects that have become rare, and we are assessing what they provide now that they seem to be eluding us. In reaction to this, territories are organising the protection of these “objects of nature” that have become precious, thus activating their multiple values. Feet on the ground and head in the stars, we look at values that are emerging from the starry sky industry and from the multiple services and activities it valorises, not only monetarily. Being in tension with other human needs and activities, access to darkness and therefore to the starry sky is more and more unequally distributed in space. Nevertheless, for territories previously isolated from the gains of modernity, this spatial disparity is turning into a new card to play.

In this project, the causes and consequences of light pollution were discussed. The students concluded that light pollution is not only responsible for the “disappearance” of the starry sky in cities, but also a threat to living beings and a huge waste of energy. They also concluded that the measures to avoid light pollution are within the reach of citizens and municipalities and are based on the use of energy-efficient exterior lighting that directs light only downwards. Students shared their findings with the community and, at the same time, developed an interest in Astronomy, together with their families.

Latar belakang. Limfoma Burkitt merupakan bentuk keganasan pada anak yang jarang ditemukan dibandingkankeganasan lain. Angka kematian limfoma Burkitt sangat tinggi, namun prognosis menjadi sedikitlebih baik karena banyak pilihan kemoterapi.Tujuan. Mengetahui gambaran limfoma Burkitt pada anak di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta.Metode. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan mengambil data dari rekam medik Divisi Hematologi-Onkologi RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo periode Januari 2001 hingga Desember 2006. Semuapasien yang datang ke Poliklinik rawat jalan dan ruang rawat inap dengan diagnosis Limfoma Burkittdiikutsertakan dalam penelitian.Hasil. Tercatat 7 kasus limfoma Burkitt, terdiri dari 6 laki-laki dan 1 perempuan. Usia termuda 1 tahun 5bulan sedangkan usia tertua 14 tahun 10 bulan. Enam kasus mendapat kemoterapi, yaitu 4 kasus mendapatkemoterapi dan operasi 2 kasus. Dari 7 kasus yang tercatat satu orang meninggal dunia.Kesimpulan. Limfoma Burkitt adalah penyakit keganasan pada anak yang jarang ditemukan.

Before the International Year of Astronomy in 2009, the night sky protection was not understood or not known outside the background of the professional and amateur astronomers. But this international event suddenly publicized the night sky protection as a framework of thought and action whose content exceeds the astronomy background for integrate environnemental and sustainable development issues.Since then, the night sky protection is implemented by labels that recognize in particular parc and dark sky reserve. In 2009, there were two areas of night sky protection certified. In 2016, there were more than eighty areas of night sky protection mainly located in North America and Europe. This dissemination and this dazzling developpement attests of the gradual institutionalization of this singularity.Protagonist and observer of this reality, we propose in this PhD an analysis of the social dimension of the dynamics at work in the protection of the night sky, firstly for define and understand this item, secondly to apprehend the tools by which it is realized, and finally to determinate the limits ands the stakes of its implementation.; Avant l’Année Mondiale de l’Astronomie en 2009, l’idée de protection du ciel étoilé faisait très rarement écho en termes de sens et d’applications au-delà du milieu initié des astronomes professionnels et amateurs. Mais cet évènement international a soudain médiatisé la protection du ciel étoilé sous la forme d’un cadre de pensée et d’action dont le contenu et les perspectives dépassent largement la sphère astronomique pour s’insérer dans les problématiques liées à l’environnement et au développement durable. Depuis lors, la protection du ciel étoilé a pris pied sur la scène publique en étant mise en œuvre à partir de labels qui reconnaissent notamment des parcs et réserves de ciel étoilé. Ces espaces labellisés sont passés de deux exemples en 2009 à plus de quatre-vingts en 2016 essentiellement répartis en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. La diffusion et le développement fulgurants de la protection du ciel étoilé attestent de l’institutionnalisation progressive de cette singularité. Acteur et observateur de cette réalité, nous proposons dans cette thèse une analyse de la dimension sociale des dynamiques à l’œuvre dans la construction de la protection du ciel étoilé, d’une part pour comprendre et définir cet objet, d’autre part pour appréhender les outils par lesquels il se réalise et enfin pour déterminer les enjeux et limites de sa mise en œuvre.

A 27 year old lady was admitted with high-grade fever, severe headache along with dry-cough and she was being treated for neurocysticercosis on basis of ‘starry sky’ pattern on her magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain. She was found to have hemorrhagic and exudative pleural effusion (Light’s criteria) with lymphocytic pleocytosis, adenosine deaminase (ADA) value was 105.2 U/L, cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) for tubercular bacilli from fluid came positive and Mantoux test was positive also. With a strong suspicion of tuberculosis the patient was put on anti-tubercular therapy along with anticonvulsants and oral steroid. Interestingly she showed remarkable permanent improvement.

National audience

Звездное небо являлось одним из источников древних знаний человечества, отраженных в мифах, религиях, каменных монументах, в рисунках на камнях и керамике, в структуре древних поселений. С помощью астрономических программ мы можем воссоздать картины звездного неба древних эпох и попытаться связать их с известными нам древними памятниками. Большой интерес в культурном отношении вызывает переход человечества от неолита к энеолиту, когда повсеместно в Северном полушарии Земли возникли новые геометрические символы креста, круга, колеса и др. Всеобщность явления заставляет искать ответы на поставленные находками вопросы в одной картине звездного неба для наблюдателей всего Северного полушария Земли. Одним из предположений является тот факт, что в результате Прецессии в Полюс Мира встала Полярная звезда альфа Дракона, что помогло показать центр вращения неба на севере. На Полярную звезду альфа Дракона указывала ось вращения Земли, что могло явиться причиной появления новых Солнечных божеств, как бы властвующих над суточным вращением Солнца вокруг земли в представлениях древних людей. Часто роль солнечных символов выполняли околополюсные созвездия в виде священных животных, как бы несущих Солнце по небу в ночное время Оленя, Коня, Лося и др. Этот Полюс Мира находится в околополюсной картине звездного неба рядом с другим полюсом неба, давно известным человечеству Полюсом Эклиптики в созвездии Дракона точкой, равноудаленной от всех точек Эклиптики, по которой наблюдается видимое движение Солнца, Луны и планет, почитаемое в виде Лунных и планетарных божеств. В памятниках того времени часто фиксируется два центра астрономических наблюдений, по-видимому, соответствующих положениям двух Полюсов на небе. Но и южное направление было отмечено для жителей средних северных широт Земли того времени до 1600 гг. до н.э. в южной части неба всходило созвездие Южный крест, что могло быть отражено в погребальной символике взаимодействующих между собой в культурном отношении народов. Точное положение Севера и Юга на горизонте, могло помогать нахождению точного положения Запада и Востока. Это могло быть причиной появления символа равностороннего креста, а также могло помогать уточнять календари, многие из которых были созданы в то время., The starry sky has been one of the central ancient sources of human knowledge reflected in myths, religious practice, the arrangements of stone monuments, designs on stone and ceramics, and in the spatial orientation of ancient settlements. We can recreate a picture of the sky as it appeared in ancient times with the help of astronomy software, and try to relate to ourselves the meaning of features known from ancient monuments. Humanity's transition from Neolithic to Chalcolithic culture, when everywhere in the Northern Hemisphere there emerged new geometrical symbols, such as crosses, circles, the wheel, etc is exceedingly important and relevant to people of today. The apparent universality of symbolic phenomena permits our search for answers to questions posed by such findings to be transposed from one picture of the sky onto analogous observations on Earth throughout the entire Northern Hemisphere. One suggestion is based on the fact that, as a result of continuous precession affecting the orientation of the celestial pole, Alpha Draconis [Thuban] as an ancestral Polaris helped to show the center of rotation of the northern sky. It was the celestial pole, Alpha Dragonis, that pointed toward the Earth's axis, which should be sufficient cause for its consideration as a new solar deity, ruling over the daily cycle of the Earth in relative to the apparent path of the sun in the ideas of ancient people. Often, solar symbols performed the indicative role as proxies for circumpolar constellations taking the form of sacred animals, as if carrying the sun across the sky at night: the deer, the horse, the elk, etc. This celestial pole is near the other pole of the sky, the ecliptic pole, in the constellation Draco, had long been known to humanity as the ecliptic axis orienting a circumpolar picture of the sky a point equidistant from all other points on the ecliptic by which the apparent motion of the sun, moon and planets, revered as lunar and planetary deities, is observed. In the monuments of that time, there are commonly two fixed centers of astronomical observation that seem consistent with provisions for these two polar positions in the sky. Conversely, Also interesting a southerly directionality was observed for inhabitants of middle-northern latitudes at the time about 1600 BCE in the ascent of the southern sky constellation Southern Cross [Crux], plausibly reflected in the funerary symbolism common to culturally-interacting peoples. The exact position of north and south on the horizon would assist the exact orientation of east and west. This could be the original cultural-iconographic source for the equilateral cross symbol, and the reconstruction of its coeval orientation could also help clarify calendars, many of which were created at the time.

Manuscrit auteur, 16 pages, article disponible en ligne. Pour citer cet article : Challéat Samuel. " Sauver la Nuit "Géographie de la pollution lumineuse. Sciences Humaines Combinées [en ligne], Numéro 8 - Actes du colloque interdoctoral 2011, 15 septembre 2011. Disponible sur Internet : http://revuesshs.u-bourgogne.fr/lisit491/document.php?id=840 ISSN 1961-9936; International audience; La nuit n'est pas un espace-temps inexploré par le géographe, mais il reste jeune et nécessite donc d'être observé, afin d'être cerné, dans une globalité parfois déroutante, mais souvent stimulante. Si la nuit, et plus spécifiquement la nuit urbaine, a effectivement été appréhendée par le chercheur, il s'agit souvent - encore aujourd'hui - d'analyser comment cet espace-temps peut être optimisé dans ses différents usages, notamment par la lumière artificielle qui les accompagne. Prenant le contre-pied de ces démarches, nous proposons ici de montrer le renversement qui s'opère actuellement quant aux considérations de cette lumière artificielle, la faisant passer du statut quasi-exclusif de progrès technologique à celui d'une source de gêne, de nuisance, voire même de pollution.

The paper discusses the image of the starry sky in Japanese visual poetry. The starry sky is a central theme in Western concrete poetry. The constellation is not only a poetic subject (the cosmos), it also leads to a specific layout of the written text that tries to create an energetic relation between the words similar to the one that links the stars in the sky. Japanese concrete poets too have referred to the constellation. Focusing on works by Niikuni Seiichi, Yamanaka Ryo, Pierre Garnier and Yoshizawa Shoji, the paper shows how the poets played with the written character and the surface of the paper, giving new interpretations of the relations between poetry and writing., L'article s'intéresse à l'image du ciel étoilé dans la poésie visuelle japonaise. Le ciel étoilé est un thème privilégié de la poésie concrète occidentale. La constellation, si elle correspond à un sujet poétique (le cosmos), induit aussi en effet au niveau du support du texte écrit une mise en page particulière, qui vise à créer entre les mots un rapport d'énergie analogue à celui qu'entretiennent les étoiles dans le ciel. Les poètes concrets japonais ont repris à leur compte cette référence constellative. A partir de poèmes de Niikuni Seiichi, Yamanaka Ryô, Pierre Garnier et Yoshizawa Shôji, l'analyse tente de montrer comment ils ont joué dans leur œuvre des relations entre l'écriture et le support, apportant une dimension nouvelle aux relations entre poésie et écriture.

National audience