165 results on '"Stanley, Grant"'
Search Results
2. Characterizing the Social-Ecological System for Inland Freshwater Salinization using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps: Implications for Collective Management
- Author
-
Megan Rippy, Stanley Grant, Benjamin Roston, Emily Berglund, Payam Aminpour, Lauren Krauss, Shantanu Bhide, Todd Schenk, Kristin Rowles, Shalini Misra, Thomas Birkland, and Sujay Kaushal
- Abstract
Current regulatory tools are not well suited to address freshwater salinization in urban areas and the conditions under which bottom-up management is likely to emerge remain unclear. We hypothesize that Ostrom’s social-ecological-systems (SES) framework can be used to explore how current understanding of salinization might foster or impede its collective management. Our study focuses on the Occoquan Reservoir, a critical urban water supply in Northern Virginia, U.S., and uses fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) to characterize stakeholder understanding of the SES that underpins salinization in the region. Hierarchical clustering of FCMs reveals four stakeholder groups with distinct views on the causes and consequences of salinization, and actions that could be taken to mitigate it, including technological, policy, and governance interventions and innovations. Similarities and differences across these four groups, and their degree of concordance with measured/modeled SES components, point to actions that could be taken to catalyze collective management of salinization in the region.
- Published
- 2023
3. CalSWIM: A Wiki-Based Data Sharing Platform.
- Author
-
Yasser Ganjisaffar, Sara Javanmardi, Stanley Grant, and Cristina Videira Lopes
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Raising and Doubling 'Standards' in Professional Discourse: A Critical Bid
- Author
-
Stanley, Grant Edward and Stronach, Ian
- Abstract
In this article, a deconstructive "survol" of the term "standards" suggests that the concept contributes to an "outside-in" professionalism masquerading as "inside-out" professionalism. In examining a case of "standards" in action, the authors point out the inadequacy of "standards" as tools of appraisal with remainders, reductions, displacements, elisions and embellishments--"mistranslations"--being inevitable. The second part of the article addresses the external world of standards, as a form of power applied by state agencies to professional work and identity, in which the application of standards typically strip out subjectivity, and with it much of the immeasurable dimensions that constitute professional action. Rather than writing off "standards" as yet another bureaucratic self-delusion, the authors take note of Strathern's call for a "new political and managerial discourse of uncertainty" and suggest that professional or peer review would benefit if parties to the appraisal process, "inter alia," undertake the "risk" of decision, acknowledge the inevitability of "incomplete evidence", engage in extended empathy and avoid overly reductive quantification. (Contains 8 notes.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Research Capacity-Building with New Technologies within New Communities of Practice: Reflections on the First Year of the Teacher Education Research Network
- Author
-
Fowler, Zoe, Stanley, Grant, Murray, Jean, Jones, Marion, and McNamara, Olwen
- Abstract
This article focuses on a virtual research environment (VRE) and how it facilitated the networking of teacher educators participating in an Economic and Social Research Council-funded research capacity-building project. Using the theoretical lenses of situated learning and socio-cultural approaches to literacy, participants' ways of engaging with this technology are described, and the reasons why their existing technical expertise did not unproblematically transfer to the new technology are explored. We argue that three main factors affected the use of the VRE, and in particular its wiki tool: the individual's motivation to learn and to engage with (more) new technologies; the emerging dynamics of each research group as they developed shared working practices; and the institutional climates, which supported or discouraged the individuals' engagement with both the technology and a regional Teacher Education Research Network that used this technology. In conclusion, we suggest that successful engagement with new technologies in future academic communities of practice might well benefit from a shared commitment to agreed working practices across the group and the provision of brokerage and championing of the technology by key individuals who are in the position to inspire, motivate and support others. (Contains 1 figure and 1 note.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Analytical representations of the Residence Time Distribution associated with hyporheic exchange beneath dune-like bedforms for different normalized sediment bed depths and groundwater underflow velocities
- Author
-
Ahmed Monofy, Fulvio Boano, and Stanley Grant
- Abstract
The hyporheic exchange below dune-shaped bedforms has a great impact on the stream environment. One of the most important properties of the hyporheic zone is the residence time distribution (RTD) of flow paths in the sediment domain. Here, we evaluate the influence of dimensionless sediment depths d b * = 2 π d b / λ where λ is the dune wavelength and different values of dimensionless groundwater underflow values u b * (similar to dune migration celerity), on the shape of the hyporheic exchange RTD. Empirical RTDs were generated, over a range of combinations between d b * and u b * values, from numerical particle tracking experiments in which 10000 particles were released over a flat domain. These empirical RTDs are represented by different distributions over the range of d b * and u b * . A Fréchet RTD is the best fit for deep beds ( d b * >3.2) and negligible underglow ( u b *
- Published
- 2022
7. Influence of sediment depth and groundwater underflow on residence time distributions in dune-shaped streambeds
- Author
-
Fulvio Boano, Ahmed Monofy, and Stanley Grant
- Abstract
Stream dunes have been widely recognized among the major morphological features driving water exchange between a stream and its sediments, and many modeling studies have been performed to characterize hyporheic exchange induced by this type of bedforms. Despite of these efforts, the high number of factors that affect hyporheic exchange has not been completely addressed yet, mainly because of the simplifying assumptions that are unavoidably required to reduce the complexity of the problem. For instance, the effect of the limited extent of the thickness of the sediment layer on the Residence Time Distribution (RTDs) of hyporheic exchange has not been fully explored. This incomplete knowledge is particularly relevant due to the paramount role of RTDs in controlling biogeochemical reactions in microbiologically active sediments.In this context, this study presents a modeling analysis of RTDs in dune-shaped streambeds of finite depth in the presence of groundwater flow. Numerical simulations of particle tracking have been performed to determine the combined influence of sediment depth and horizontal underflow on the shape of RTDs. Moreover, different analytical distributions (Exponential, Gamma, LogNormal, Fréchet) have been fitted to the numerical RTDs, and the best distribution for each range of dimensionless sediment depth and underflow velocity have been identified on the basis of Anderson-Darling tests.
- Published
- 2022
8. Implementing the Opening Minds Curriculum in a Secondary School in England: An Alternative to the One-Size-Fits-All National Curriculum?
- Author
-
Stanley, Grant, Jones, Marion, and Murphy, Jan
- Abstract
"The Importance of Teaching: The Schools White Paper 2010," which grants schools increased autonomy in curriculum development and implementation, heralded a new era of curriculum reform in England. This article critically examines how this process took place in a Catholic secondary school that decided to use the RSA Opening Minds (OM) curriculum with its Year 7 students. The discussion will be shaped by a range of perspectives, including the RSA point of view, literature on cross-curricular learning and Catholic education, student responses to a post-transition questionnaire, and the experiences and perceptions of the school's OM coordinator. From this, the following aspects have been identified as warranting critical consideration and further investigation: adequate staffing and resourcing; staff expertise to ensure teaching competence across a wide range of subject areas; achieving a balance between creative approaches to learning that promote engagement and a focus on in-depth subject knowledge and academic achievement. Finally, we pose the question whether the implementation of the OM curriculum as practised in this particular school can assist students from disadvantaged backgrounds, who may have limited access to life-transforming educational experiences outside of school, to acquire cultural capital and "high status knowledge". (Contains 1 note.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Anticoagulación estratificada por riesgos
- Author
-
Max Méndez-López, Stanley Grant-Villegas, and Andrés Romero-Polini
- Subjects
Medicine - Abstract
El tromboembolismo venoso es una causa de morbilidad y mortalidad importante en todo el mundo. El manejo adecuado de los pacientes anticoagulados es fundamental en su evolución. El establecimiento de clínicas de anticoagulación ha demostrado reducir complicaciones y mejorar el manejo de los pacientes que reciben esta terapia cuando se toman decisiones basadas en la evidencia. La presente revisión pretende plantear una guía para facilitar las decisiones, estratificando pacientes según el riesgo de sangrado utilizando escalas previamente validadas para el manejo de pacientes con problemas trombóticos.
- Published
- 2014
10. Facilitating Teacher Educators' Professional Learning through a Regional Research Capacity-Building Network
- Author
-
Jones, Marion, Stanley, Grant, McNamara, Olwen, and Murray, Jean
- Abstract
This paper reports on the Teacher Education Research Network (TERN) initiative, which piloted a model for research capacity building in teacher education in the North West of England with the aim of providing early and mid career researchers from seven regional universities with opportunities for professional learning and development. It explores the intricate dynamics of the learning journeys undertaken by the participants and critically examines the structural, social and cultural factors involved in the navigation of the complex ecologies in which they were embedded as teacher educators and how this impacted on their learning. It concludes that initiatives such as TERN can result in academic learning and professional development, but in view of the internal and external pressures confronting education departments today it also raises pertinent issues with regard to the sustainability of such projects. As such the paper makes a strong contribution to the growing international literature on academic learning and professional development within a research capacity-building context. (Contains 1 table.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Collaborative Action Research: A Democratic Undertaking or a Web of Collusion and Compliance?
- Author
-
Jones, Marion and Stanley, Grant
- Abstract
Raising standards in education has been the mantra for educational stakeholders in England for the past two decades and has informed national, regional and local agendas for school improvement. In the relentless pursuit of finding solutions to pedagogical problems, action research has been promoted as an effective strategy. Informed by an emancipatory agenda, action research provides a framework for the generation of knowledge through different perspectives. However, the relentless drive for school effectiveness and the commodification of research impose external and internal pressures on those conducting the research. This paper provides a critical appraisal of leading such a project by making explicit the cocktail of potential tensions that have remained largely disregarded. It posits the claim that educational action research conceived as a critical collaborative inquiry has surrendered its democratic values to an all-pervading performativity culture. Finally, we conclude that collaborative action research conducted in the politicized educational contexts of today cannot be true to its ideal and that in order to preserve its moral integrity, it needs to come clean by acknowledging the mess inherent in all collaborative enterprises conducted in the real micro-political worlds. (Contains 5 notes.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Capacity = Expertise x Motivation x Opportunities: Factors in Capacity Building in Teacher Education in England
- Author
-
Murray, Jean, Jones, Marion, McNamara, Olwen, and Stanley, Grant
- Abstract
This article offers an initial account of the Teacher Education Research Network (TERN), a pilot education research capacity building project funded by the ESRC and designed to test a "social practices" model for building an educational research infrastructure across England. The TERN project is still running at the time of writing, so it is not yet possible to offer a full evaluation or a theorised analysis of the project. Setting the initiative within the regional context of teacher education in the North West of England, the article describes elements of the project and begins to explore their significance, drawing on early evaluation data. The article adapts Charles Desforges' equation of research capacity building as "Capacity = expertise x motivation x opportunities" as a frame for this exploration. (Contains 2 tables, 1 figure and 1 note.)
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Children's Lost Voices: Ethical Issues in Relation to Undertaking Collaborative, Practice-Based Projects Involving Schools and the Wider Community
- Author
-
Jones, Marion and Stanley, Grant
- Abstract
The growing emphasis on teachers as "reflective" and "expert practitioners" has led to a noticeable increase in action research involving a wide range of educational practitioners as well as professionals from the academic community. In the light of the complex demands frequently faced by action researchers, this article examines the ethical considerations involved in conducting a collaborative action research project which is concerned with children's experiences of transition from Key Stage 2 to Key Stage 3. By exploring a range of theoretical and practical perspectives the discussion focuses on the problematic issue of "informed consent". The article argues that, as a result of having to comply with the regulations imposed by institutional ethics committees, educational researchers, particularly when working with children, are often restricted in exercising the moral autonomy and professional discretion required to negotiate the complex, potentially conflicting imperatives confronting them.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección conservada
- Author
-
Enrique Pacheco Ovares and Stanley Grant Villegas
- Subjects
Insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección conservada ,insuficiencia cardiaca ,tratamiento ,pronóstico ,cardiología ,Medicine - Abstract
La creciente tasa de insuficiencia cardíaca (IC ) con fracción de eyección conservada ha recibido más atención por parte de la sociedad médica internacional. La alta prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares ha hecho de la IC un diagnóstico común en nuestras sociedades. Es importante diferenciar síntomas tales como edema o falta de respiración por otras causas no cardiovasculares tales como la EPOC , la obesidad , anemia , medicamentos . Las conclusiones de los altos niveles de los biomarcadores específicos, los síntomas relacionados con la IC, y la estructura cardiovascular y alteraciones funcionales son la piedra angular para el diagnóstico . Desafortunadamente no hay pruebas directas limitadas para apoyar un régimen específico de medicamentos para el tratamiento de la IC con fracciónde eyección conservada
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Síndrome de Brugada
- Author
-
Enrique Pacheco Ovares and Stanley Grant Villegas
- Subjects
Síndrome de Brugada ,desfibrilador automático implantable ,mutación SCN5A ,canalopatía de sodio ,cardiología ,paro cardiaco súbito ,Medicine - Abstract
El Síndrome de Brugada es una de las causas más importantes de un paro cardíaco repentino y la muerte súbita cardiaca , por fibrilación ventricular. Pertenece a una serie de anomalías en el ritmo en el que se detectaron daños en la estructura cardíaca. La penetración genética variable del síndrome provoca que muchos pacientes pueden ser asintomáticos , mientras que otros pueden perecer antes del primer año de vida. La mutación de un canal de sodio es la causa directa y la mutación del gen SCN5A se relaciona directamente con este anomalías y hay otras mutaciones genéticas que se encuentran actualmente en estudio. Los medicamentos no son en realidad la primera línea de tratamiento para los pacientes sintomáticos , actualmente la ICP ( desfibrilador automático implantable ) debería ser el tratamiento de primera línea para casi todos los pacientes.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Evaluation of high molecular weight PAH degradation by a pyrene-enriched microbial community in inoculated soils
- Author
-
Juhasz, Albert L., Stanley, Grant A., Davey, Brent, Britz, Margaret L., and Wise, Donald L., editor
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. A rapid, high-throughput method for quantitative determination of ethanol tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
-
Tran, Tina M. T., Stanley, Grant A., Chambers, Paul J., and Schmidt, Simon A.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Addressing the Contribution of Indirect Potable Reuse to Inland Freshwater Salinization
- Author
-
Shantanu Bhide, Stanley Grant, Emily Parker, Megan Rippy, Adil Godrej, Sujay Kaushal, Greg Prelewicz, Niffy Saji, Shannon Curtis, Peter Vikesland, Ayella Maile-Moskowitz, Marc Edwards, Kathryn Lopez, Thomas Birkland, and Todd Schenk
- Abstract
Inland freshwater salinity is on the rise in many regions across the globe—a phenomenon called the freshwater salinization syndrome (FSS). In this paper we investigate a potential conflict between managing the FSS and indirect potable reuse, the practice of augmenting water supplies through the addition of reclaimed wastewater to surface waters and groundwaters. From time-series data collected over the past 25 years, we quantify the contributions of three salinity sources—a wastewater reclamation facility and two rapidly urbanizing watersheds—to the rising concentration of sodium (a major ion associated with the FSS) in a regionally important drinking water reservoir in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Sodium mass loading to the reservoir is primarily from watershed runoff during wet weather periods and reclaimed wastewater during dry weather periods. Across all timescales evaluated, sodium concentration in the reclaimed wastewater is higher than in outflow from the two watersheds. Sodium in reclaimed wastewater originates from chemicals added during wastewater treatment, industrial and commercial discharges, human excretion, and down drain disposal of drinking water and sodium-rich household products. Thus, numerous opportunities exist to reduce the contribution of indirect potable reuse to sodium pollution at this site, and the FSS more generally. On the ground implementation will require deliberative engagement with a diverse community of watershed stakeholders and careful consideration of the local political, social, and environmental context.
- Published
- 2020
19. Transcriptional changes associated with ethanol tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
-
Stanley, Dragana, Chambers, Paul J., Stanley, Grant A., Borneman, Anthony, and Fraser, Sarah
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Retrotransposon expression in ethanol-stressed Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
-
Stanley, Dragana, Fraser, Sarah, Stanley, Grant A., and Chambers, Paul J.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Generation and characterisation of stable ethanol-tolerant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
-
Stanley, Dragana, Fraser, Sarah, Chambers, Paul J., Rogers, Peter, and Stanley, Grant A.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Corrigendum: Brief alcohol intervention for risky drinking in young people aged 14–15 years in secondary schools: the SIPS JR-HIGH RCT
- Author
-
Giles, Emma L, primary, McGeechan, Grant J, additional, Coulton, Simon, additional, Deluca, Paolo, additional, Drummond, Colin, additional, Howel, Denise, additional, Kaner, Eileen, additional, McColl, Elaine, additional, McGovern, Ruth, additional, Scott, Stephanie, additional, Stamp, Elaine, additional, Sumnall, Harry, additional, Todd, Liz, additional, Vale, Luke, additional, Albani, Viviana, additional, Boniface, Sadie, additional, Ferguson, Jennifer, additional, Gilvarry, Eilish, additional, Hendrie, Nadine, additional, Howe, Nicola, additional, Mossop, Helen, additional, Ramsay, Amy, additional, Stanley, Grant, additional, and Newbury-Birch, Dorothy, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Turbulent Mixing in the benthic biolayer of streams with bedforms
- Author
-
Ahmed Mostafa Ibrahem Mostafa Monofy and Stanley Grant
- Abstract
The importance of the benthic biolayer (the first few centimeters in the shallow part of the streambed) comes from the active biogeochemical reactions that happen within this thin layer. Currently, many studies use the simplified approach of using the constant profile to represent the diffusivity in the sedimented; however, other studies claim that the exponential profile is a better representation due to the turbulence penetration into the sediment bed. In this work, we are using an analytical model to simulate the temporal variation of solute concentration in water column in bedform morphology type by adopting two diffusivity profile; constant diffusivity profile, and exponential diffusivity profile. This rigorous analytical framework was built by Grant et al. 2019 (not published yet), and is based on Duhamel’s Theorem. The model is used to fit a set of laboratory data that were performed on streams with dunes type bedforms, where temporal concentration variation is measured in the water column. Based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and modified Akaike Information Criterion (AICc), the exponential profile is superior over the whole range of Permeability Reynolds Number, and it can be considered as the best fit for the laboratory data compared to the constant diffusivity. Additionally, the influence of sediment bed depth on the effective diffusivity, and therefore, on the benthic biolayer characteristics is investigated here by running the model with constant diffusivity profile in Infinite and finite sediment bed cases. An indicator () to determine whether the sediment bed depth influences the diffusivity within the sediment domain or not, is introduced here. when this indicator is larger than 1, the sediment bed depth will likely influence the diffusivity within the sediment. Based on our results, our analytical framework can be a predictive tool for the solute transfer into the benthic layer in bedform morphology type.
- Published
- 2020
24. Characteristics of cellulase preparations affecting the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose to ethanol
- Author
-
Golias, Helen, Dumsday, Geoffrey J., Stanley, Grant A., and Pamment, Neville B.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Degradation and mineralization of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by defined fungal-bacterial cocultures
- Author
-
Boonchan, Sudarat, Britz, Margaret L., and Stanley, Grant A.
- Subjects
Bioremediation -- Research ,Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Research ,Biological sciences - Abstract
The biodegradation of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can be enhanced by inoculating them with fungal-bacterial co-cultures. These PAHs are often hard to remove in most bioremediation systems.
- Published
- 2000
26. Degradation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Pseudomonas cepacia
- Author
-
Juhasz, Albert L., Britz, Margaret L., and Stanley, Grant A.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Product formation and phosphoglucomutase activities in Lactococcus lactis: cloning and characterization of a novel phosphoglucomutase gene
- Author
-
Qian, Ny, Stanley, Grant A., Bunte, Annicka, and Radstrom, Peter
- Subjects
Bacteria -- Genetic aspects ,Lactose -- Genetic aspects ,Microbial enzymes -- Genetic aspects ,Microbiological synthesis -- Genetic aspects ,Biological sciences - Abstract
The biochemical characteristics and molecular structure of the gene encoding beta-phoshoglucomusate (beta-PGM) which mediates maltose metabolism was analyzed in Lactococcus lactis. Analysis of pgmB gene from the Lactococcus lactis genomic library indicated the presence of a 24210 Da polypeptide that was expressed by the beta-PGM gene. Furthermore, the expression of pgmB gene in Lactococcus lactis was inhibited by the presence of lactose.
- Published
- 1997
28. Purification and characterization of two phosphoglucomutases from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and their regulation in maltose- and glucose-utilizing cells
- Author
-
Qian, Ny, Stanley, Grant A., Hahn-Hagerdal, Barbel, and Radstrom, Peter
- Subjects
Phosphoglucomutase -- Research ,Bacteria -- Physiological aspects ,Biological sciences - Abstract
Strains 65.1 and 19435 of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis consist of two phosphoglucomutase (PGM) enzymes, alpha-PGM and beta-PGM, with isoelectric points and molecular masses of 4.4 and 4.8, and 65 kDa and 28 kDa, respectively. Beta-PGM's activity and synthesis increase rapidly in the presence of maltose but decreases sharply in the presence of glucose, indicating the inhibitory action of glucose on beta-PGM synthesis. However, alpha-PGM activity does not vary in the presence of glucose or maltose.
- Published
- 1994
29. Free access to the concert hall: widening university students’ participation in extracurricular activity?
- Author
-
Peiser, Gillian, primary and Stanley, Grant, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Brief alcohol intervention for risky drinking in young people aged 14–15 years in secondary schools: the SIPS JR-HIGH RCT
- Author
-
Giles, Emma L, primary, McGeechan, Grant J, additional, Coulton, Simon, additional, Deluca, Paolo, additional, Drummond, Colin, additional, Howel, Denise, additional, Kaner, Eileen, additional, McColl, Elaine, additional, McGovern, Ruth, additional, Scott, Stephanie, additional, Stamp, Elaine, additional, Sumnall, Harry, additional, Todd, Liz, additional, Vale, Luke, additional, Albani, Viviana, additional, Boniface, Sadie, additional, Ferguson, Jennifer, additional, Gilvarry, Eilish, additional, Hendrie, Nadine, additional, Howe, Nicola, additional, Mossop, Helen, additional, Ramsay, Amy, additional, Stanley, Grant, additional, and Newbury-Birch, Dorothy, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Evaluation of a recombinant Klebsiella oxytoca strain for ethanol production from cellulose by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation: comparison with native cellobiose-utilising yeast strains and performance in co-culture with thermotolerant yeast and Zymomonas mobilis
- Author
-
Golias, Helen, Dumsday, Geoffrey J., Stanley, Grant A., and Pamment, Neville B.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Addressing the Decline in the Uptake of the Iowa Maternal and Prenatal Screening Program
- Author
-
Stephanie A. Stewart, Andrew Ghattas, Stanley Grant, Elizabeth T. Momany, Timothy Ginader, Jane F. Pendergast, and Sandra Daack-Hirsch
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Public health ,Public policy ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Child health ,Prenatal screening ,Diabetes mellitus ,Environmental health ,Health insurance ,Medicine ,Maternal health ,business - Published
- 2017
33. Anticoagulación estratificada por riesgos
- Author
-
Andrés Romero-Polini, Max Méndez-López, and Stanley Grant-Villegas
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Warfarin ,Medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Heparin ,business ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care medicine ,Thrombosis ,Venous thromboembolism ,medicine.drug - Abstract
El tromboembolismo venoso es una causa de morbilidad y mortalidad importante en todo el mundo. El manejo adecuado de los pacientes anticoagulados es fundamental en su evolución. El establecimiento de clínicas de anticoagulación ha demostrado reducir complicaciones y mejorar el manejo de los pacientes que reciben esta terapia cuando se toman decisiones basadas en la evidencia. La presente revisión pretende plantear una guía para facilitar las decisiones, estratificando pacientes según el riesgo de sangrado utilizando escalas previamente validadas para el manejo de pacientes con problemas trombóticos.
- Published
- 2014
34. Multicentre individual randomised controlled trial of screening and brief alcohol intervention to prevent risky drinking in young people aged 14-15 in a high school setting (SIPS JR-HIGH):Study protocol
- Author
-
Giles, Emma L., Coulton, Simon, Deluca, Paolo, Drummond, Colin, Howel, Denise, Kaner, Eileen, McColl, Elaine, McGovern, Ruth, Scott, Stephanie, Stamp, Elaine, Sumnall, Harry, Tate, Les, Todd, Liz, Vale, Luke, Albani, Viviana, Boniface, Sadie, Ferguson, Jennifer, Frankham, Jo, Gilvarry, Eilish, Hendrie, Nadine, Howe, Nicola, McGeechan, Grant J, Stanley, Grant, and Newbury-Birch, Dorothy
- Subjects
Counseling ,Male ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,School Setting ,education ,Health Promotion ,Brief Intervention ,Risk-Taking ,RA0421 ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,London ,Protocol ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Students ,School Health Services ,Schools ,Mentors ,Alcoholism ,England ,Adolescent Behavior ,Research Design ,Female ,Public Health ,HV5001 ,Alcohol ,Alcoholic Intoxication ,Randomised Controlled Trial - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Drinking has adverse impacts on health, well-being, education and social outcomes for adolescents. Adolescents in England are among the heaviest drinkers in Europe. Recently, the proportion of adolescents who drink alcohol has fallen, although consumption among those who do drink has actually increased. This trial seeks to investigate how effective and efficient an alcohol brief intervention is with 11-15 years olds to encourage lower alcohol consumption. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is an individually randomised two-armed trial incorporating a control arm of usual school-based practice and a leaflet on a healthy lifestyle (excl. alcohol), and an intervention arm that combines usual practice with a 30 min brief intervention delivered by school learning mentors and a leaflet on alcohol. At least 30 schools will be recruited from four regions in England (North East, North West, London, Kent and Medway) to follow-up 235 per arm. The primary outcome is total alcohol consumed in the last 28 days, using the 28 day Timeline Follow Back questionnaire measured at the 12-month follow-up. The analysis of the intervention will consider effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. A qualitative study will explore, via 1:1 in-depth interviews with (n=80) parents, young people and school staff, intervention experience, intervention fidelity and acceptability issues, using thematic narrative synthesis to report qualitative data. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by Teesside University. Dissemination plans include academic publications, conference presentations, disseminating to local and national education departments and the wider public health community, including via Fuse, and engaging with school staff and young people to comment on whether and how the project can be improved. TRIAL REGISTRATION TRIAL: ISRCTN45691494; Pre-results.
- Published
- 2016
35. Free access to the concert hall: widening university students' participation in extracurricular activity?
- Author
-
Peiser, Gillian and Stanley, Grant
- Subjects
- *
STUDENT participation , *STUDENT activities , *HIGHER education , *PROTECTION of cultural property , *CONCERT halls , *MUSIC education - Abstract
The role of extracurricular activity in higher education is receiving increasing international attention as a means for developing social and cultural resources for steering social and employment networks. The focus of this paper is on a post-1992 English university partnership with an orchestra, enabling students to attend free concerts. The initiative aspired to extend the student experience, break down barriers, and encourage students to try a new musical experience. This study explores students' experiences and contrasts these with the aspirations of the vice chancellor. In view of studies establishing relationships between extracurricular activity and inequality of opportunity, this paper also investigates whether financial subsidies widen participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Proceedings of the 14th annual conference of INEBRIA
- Author
-
Holloway, Aisha S., primary, Ferguson, Jennifer, additional, Landale, Sarah, additional, Cariola, Laura, additional, Newbury-Birch, Dorothy, additional, Flynn, Amy, additional, Knight, John R., additional, Sherritt, Lon, additional, Harris, Sion K., additional, O’Donnell, Amy J., additional, Kaner, Eileen, additional, Hanratty, Barbara, additional, Loree, Amy M., additional, Yonkers, Kimberly A., additional, Ondersma, Steven J., additional, Gilstead-Hayden, Kate, additional, Martino, Steve, additional, Adam, Angeline, additional, Schwartz, Robert P., additional, Wu, Li-Tzy, additional, Subramaniam, Geetha, additional, Sharma, Gaurav, additional, McNeely, Jennifer, additional, Berman, Anne H., additional, Kolaas, Karoline, additional, Petersén, Elisabeth, additional, Bendtsen, Preben, additional, Hedman, Erik, additional, Linderoth, Catharina, additional, Müssener, Ulrika, additional, Sinadinovic, Kristina, additional, Spak, Fredrik, additional, Gremyr, Ida, additional, Thurang, Anna, additional, Mitchell, Ann M., additional, Finnell, Deborah, additional, Savage, Christine L., additional, Mahmoud, Khadejah F., additional, Riordan, Benjamin C., additional, Conner, Tamlin S., additional, Flett, Jayde A. M., additional, Scarf, Damian, additional, McRee, Bonnie, additional, Vendetti, Janice, additional, Gallucci, Karen Steinberg, additional, Robaina, Kate, additional, Clark, Brendan J., additional, Jones, Jacqueline, additional, Reed, Kathryne D., additional, Hodapp, Rachel M., additional, Douglas, Ivor, additional, Burnham, Ellen L., additional, Aagaard, Laura, additional, Cook, Paul F., additional, Harris, Brett R., additional, Yu, Jiang, additional, Wolff, Margaret, additional, Rogers, Meighan, additional, Barbosa, Carolina, additional, Wedehase, Brendan J., additional, Dunlap, Laura J., additional, Mitchell, Shannon G., additional, Dusek, Kristi A., additional, Gryczynski, Jan, additional, Kirk, Arethusa S., additional, Oros, Marla T., additional, Hosler, Colleen, additional, O’Grady, Kevin E., additional, Brown, Barry S., additional, Angus, Colin, additional, Sherborne, Sidney, additional, Gillespie, Duncan, additional, Meier, Petra, additional, Brennan, Alan, additional, de Vargas, Divane, additional, Soares, Janaina, additional, Castelblanco, Donna, additional, Doran, Kelly M., additional, Wittman, Ian, additional, Shelley, Donna, additional, Rotrosen, John, additional, Gelberg, Lillian, additional, Edelman, E. Jennifer, additional, Maisto, Stephen A., additional, Hansen, Nathan B., additional, Cutter, Christopher J., additional, Deng, Yanhong, additional, Dziura, James, additional, Fiellin, Lynn E., additional, O’Connor, Patrick G., additional, Bedimo, Roger, additional, Gibert, Cynthia, additional, Marconi, Vincent C., additional, Rimland, David, additional, Rodriguez-Barradas, Maria C., additional, Simberkoff, Michael S., additional, Justice, Amy C., additional, Bryant, Kendall J., additional, Fiellin, David A., additional, Giles, Emma L., additional, Coulton, Simon, additional, Deluca, Paolo, additional, Drummond, Colin, additional, Howel, Denise, additional, McColl, Elaine, additional, McGovern, Ruth, additional, Scott, Stephanie, additional, Stamp, Elaine, additional, Sumnall, Harry, additional, Vale, Luke, additional, Alabani, Viviana, additional, Atkinson, Amanda, additional, Boniface, Sadie, additional, Frankham, Jo, additional, Gilvarry, Eilish, additional, Hendrie, Nadine, additional, Howe, Nicola, additional, McGeechan, Grant J., additional, Ramsey, Amy, additional, Stanley, Grant, additional, Clephane, Justine, additional, Gardiner, David, additional, Holmes, John, additional, Martin, Neil, additional, Shevills, Colin, additional, Soutar, Melanie, additional, Chi, Felicia W., additional, Weisner, Constance, additional, Ross, Thekla B., additional, Mertens, Jennifer, additional, Sterling, Stacy A., additional, Shorter, Gillian W., additional, Heather, Nick, additional, Bray, Jeremy, additional, Cohen, Hildie A., additional, McPherson, Tracy L., additional, Adam, Cyrille, additional, López-Pelayo, Hugo, additional, Gual, Antoni, additional, Segura-Garcia, Lidia, additional, Colom, Joan, additional, Ornelas, India J., additional, Doyle, Suzanne, additional, Donovan, Dennis, additional, Duran, Bonnie, additional, Torres, Vanessa, additional, Gaume, Jacques, additional, Grazioli, Véronique, additional, Fortini, Cristiana, additional, Paroz, Sophie, additional, Bertholet, Nicolas, additional, Daeppen, Jean-Bernard, additional, Satterfield, Jason M., additional, Gregorich, Steven, additional, Alvarado, Nicholas J., additional, Muñoz, Ricardo, additional, Kulieva, Gozel, additional, Vijayaraghavan, Maya, additional, Adam, Angéline, additional, Cunningham, John A., additional, Díaz, Estela, additional, Palacio-Vieira, Jorge, additional, Godinho, Alexandra, additional, Kushir, Vladyslav, additional, O’Brien, Kimberly H. M., additional, Aguinaldo, Laika D., additional, Sellers, Christina M., additional, Spirito, Anthony, additional, Chang, Grace, additional, Blake-Lamb, Tiffany, additional, LaFave, Lea R. Ayers, additional, Thies, Kathleen M., additional, Pepin, Amy L., additional, Sprangers, Kara E., additional, Bradley, Martha, additional, Jorgensen, Shasta, additional, Catano, Nico A., additional, Murray, Adelaide R., additional, Schachter, Deborah, additional, Andersen, Ronald M., additional, Rey, Guillermina Natera, additional, Vahidi, Mani, additional, Rico, Melvin W., additional, Baumeister, Sebastian E., additional, Johansson, Magnus, additional, Sinadinovic, Christina, additional, Hermansson, Ulric, additional, Andreasson, Sven, additional, O’Grady, Megan A., additional, Kapoor, Sandeep, additional, Akkari, Cherine, additional, Bernal, Camila, additional, Pappacena, Kristen, additional, Morley, Jeanne, additional, Auerbach, Mark, additional, Neighbors, Charles J., additional, Kwon, Nancy, additional, Conigliaro, Joseph, additional, Morgenstern, Jon, additional, Magill, Molly, additional, Apodaca, Timothy R., additional, Borsari, Brian, additional, Hoadley, Ariel, additional, Scott Tonigan, J., additional, Moyers, Theresa, additional, Fitzgerald, Niamh M., additional, Schölin, Lisa, additional, Barticevic, Nicolas, additional, Zuzulich, Soledad, additional, Poblete, Fernando, additional, Norambuena, Pablo, additional, Sacco, Paul, additional, Ting, Laura, additional, Beaulieu, Michele, additional, Wallace, Paul George, additional, Andrews, Matthew, additional, Daley, Kate, additional, Shenker, Don, additional, Gallagher, Louise, additional, Watson, Rod, additional, Weaver, Tim, additional, Bruguera, Pol, additional, Oliveras, Clara, additional, Gavotti, Carolina, additional, Barrio, Pablo, additional, Braddick, Fleur, additional, Miquel, Laia, additional, Suárez, Montse, additional, Bruguera, Carla, additional, Brown, Richard L., additional, Capell, Julie Whelan, additional, Paul Moberg, D., additional, Maslowsky, Julie, additional, Saunders, Laura A., additional, McCormack, Ryan P., additional, Scheidell, Joy, additional, Gonzalez, Mirelis, additional, Bauroth, Sabrina, additional, Liu, Weiwei, additional, Lindsay, Dawn L., additional, Lincoln, Piper, additional, Hagle, Holly, additional, Wallhed Finn, Sara, additional, Hammarberg, Anders, additional, Andréasson, Sven, additional, King, Sarah E., additional, Vargo, Rachael, additional, Kameg, Brayden N., additional, Acquavita, Shauna P., additional, Van Loon, Ruth Anne, additional, Smith, Rachel, additional, Brehm, Bonnie J., additional, Diers, Tiffiny, additional, Kim, Karissa, additional, Barker, Andrea, additional, Jones, Ashley L., additional, Skinner, Asheley C., additional, Hinman, Agatha, additional, Svikis, Dace S., additional, Thacker, Casey L., additional, Resnicow, Ken, additional, Beatty, Jessica R., additional, Janisse, James, additional, Puder, Karoline, additional, Bakshi, Ann-Sofie, additional, Milward, Joanna M., additional, Kimergard, Andreas, additional, Garnett, Claire V., additional, Crane, David, additional, Brown, Jamie, additional, West, Robert, additional, Michie, Susan, additional, Rosendahl, Ingvar, additional, Andersson, Claes, additional, Gajecki, Mikael, additional, Blankers, Matthijs, additional, Donoghue, Kim, additional, Lynch, Ellen, additional, Maconochie, Ian, additional, Phillips, Ceri, additional, Pockett, Rhys, additional, Phillips, Tom, additional, Patton, R., additional, Russell, Ian, additional, Strang, John, additional, Stewart, Maureen T., additional, Quinn, Amity E., additional, Brolin, Mary, additional, Evans, Brooke, additional, Horgan, Constance M., additional, Liu, Junqing, additional, McCree, Fern, additional, Kanovsky, Doug, additional, Oberlander, Tyler, additional, Zhang, Huan, additional, Hamlin, Ben, additional, Saunders, Robert, additional, Barton, Mary B., additional, Scholle, Sarah H., additional, Santora, Patricia, additional, Bhatt, Chirag, additional, Ahmed, Kazi, additional, Hodgkin, Dominic, additional, Gao, Wenwu, additional, Merrick, Elizabeth L., additional, Drebing, Charles E., additional, Larson, Mary Jo, additional, Sharma, Monica, additional, Petry, Nancy M., additional, Saitz, Richard, additional, Weisner, Constance M., additional, Young-Wolff, Kelly C., additional, Lu, Wendy Y., additional, Blosnich, John R., additional, Lehavot, Keren, additional, Glass, Joseph E., additional, Williams, Emily C., additional, Bensley, Kara M., additional, Chan, Gary, additional, Dombrowski, Julie, additional, Fortney, John, additional, Rubinsky, Anna D., additional, Lapham, Gwen T., additional, Forray, Ariadna, additional, Olmstead, Todd A., additional, Gilstad-Hayden, Kathryn, additional, Kershaw, Trace, additional, Dillon, Pamela, additional, Weaver, Michael F., additional, Grekin, Emily R., additional, Ellis, Jennifer D., additional, and McGoron, Lucy, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Statistics for Sports and Exercise Science : A Practical Approach
- Author
-
John Newell, Tom Aitchison, Stanley Grant, John Newell, Tom Aitchison, and Stanley Grant
- Subjects
- GV558
- Abstract
Statistics in Sport and Exercise Science assumes no prior knowledge of statistics and uses real-life case studies to introduce the importance of statistics in sport and exercise science. Statistical tests and techniques are described here in a friendly and easy-to-understand manner, giving you the confidence to analyses data and complete your own statistical studies.
- Published
- 2014
38. Multicentre individual randomised controlled trial of screening and brief alcohol intervention to prevent risky drinking in young people aged 14–15 in a high school setting (SIPS JR-HIGH): study protocol
- Author
-
Giles, Emma L, primary, Coulton, Simon, additional, Deluca, Paolo, additional, Drummond, Colin, additional, Howel, Denise, additional, Kaner, Eileen, additional, McColl, Elaine, additional, McGovern, Ruth, additional, Scott, Stephanie, additional, Stamp, Elaine, additional, Sumnall, Harry, additional, Tate, Les, additional, Todd, Liz, additional, Vale, Luke, additional, Albani, Viviana, additional, Boniface, Sadie, additional, Ferguson, Jennifer, additional, Frankham, Jo, additional, Gilvarry, Eilish, additional, Hendrie, Nadine, additional, Howe, Nicola, additional, McGeechan, Grant J, additional, Stanley, Grant, additional, and Newbury-Birch, Dorothy, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Statistics for Sports and Exercise Science
- Author
-
John Newell, Tom Aitchison, and Stanley Grant
- Published
- 2014
40. Seasonality in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Young Children
- Author
-
Abigail Fisher, John J. Reilly, Colette Montgomery, Louise A. Kelly, Avril Williamson, Diane M. Jackson, James Y. Paton, and Stanley Grant
- Subjects
Sedentary time ,Total physical activity ,Gerontology ,Physical activity ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Sedentary behavior ,Biology ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,Childhood obesity ,Child health ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Analysis of variance ,Demography - Abstract
This study examined whether there was a significant seasonal variation in objectively measured habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior in young children. Participants were children who attend nursery in Glasgow, Scotland, and measurements were taken using uniaxial accelerometry over 3 to 6 days. There were small but significant seasonal associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior (ANOVA: p < .001 in both cases). Total physical activity (accelerometry cpm) was significantly lower in spring than in summer, fall, and winter. We also found slight but significant seasonal variations in time spent in low-intensity activity and in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity. Sedentary time was significantly lower in summer vs. spring and in fall vs. spring. The present study suggests that seasonality plays only a limited role in physical activity and sedentary behavior in young children in our setting. Single measures of these variables should be adequate for research purposes in the absence of marked seasonal variability. In our sample and setting, the limited degree of seasonality precluded identification of major seasonal barriers to and opportunities for physical activity.
- Published
- 2005
41. Comparison of Two Accelerometers for Assessment of Physical Activity in Preschool Children
- Author
-
Sarah Barrie, James Y. Paton, John J. Reilly, Sheila C. Fairweather, Stanley Grant, and Louise A. Kelly
- Subjects
Total physical activity ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Direct observation ,Physical activity ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Accelerometer ,business - Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to test the validity of two accelerometers, CSA/MTI WAM-7164 and Actiwatch®, against direct observation of physical activity using the Children’s Physical Activity Form (CPAF). CSA/MTI WAM-7164 and Actiwatch accelerometers simultaneously measured activity during structured-play classes in 3- to 4-year olds. Accelerometry output was synchronized to CPAF assessments of physical activity in 78 children. Rank order correlations between accelerometry and direct observation evaluated the ability of the accelerometers to assess total physical activity. Within-child minute-to-minute correlations were calculated between accelerometry output and direct observation. For total physical activity, CSA/MTI output was significantly correlated with CPAF (r = .72, p < .001), but output from the Actiwatch was not (r = .16, p > .05).
- Published
- 2004
42. Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Anemia Secondary to a Large Chorioangioma
- Author
-
Asha Rijhsinghani, Neil Hamill, Roger A. Williamson, and Stanley Grant
- Subjects
Adult ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Middle Cerebral Artery ,Placenta Diseases ,Anemia ,Prenatal diagnosis ,Pregnancy ,medicine.artery ,Placenta ,Prenatal Diagnosis ,Fetal hemoglobin ,medicine ,Humans ,Fetal Hemoglobin ,Fetus ,Vascular disease ,Obstetrics ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Ultrasonography, Doppler ,medicine.disease ,Fetal Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,embryonic structures ,Middle cerebral artery ,Female ,alpha-Fetoproteins ,business ,Hemangioma ,Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic ,Blood Flow Velocity - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chorioangiomas are benign vascular tumors of the placenta. Complications occur when their size exceeds 5 cm. CASE: We report the use of peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery, fetal hemoglobin levels in maternal circulation, and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in the diagnosis and management of fetal anemia in a patient with a large placental chorioangioma. CONCLUSION: Fetal hemoglobin levels in maternal circulation and abrupt elevations of middle cerebral artery peak velocity may be useful in detecting fetal anemia.
- Published
- 2003
43. Numerical and Experimental Simulation of Mountain Bike Suspension Systems Subject to Regular Impact Excitation
- Author
-
A.R. Whittaker, Mark C. Davie, Anthony C. Fairlie-Clarke, John K. Titlestad, and Stanley Grant
- Subjects
Materials science ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Work (physics) ,Test rig ,Thrust ,Structural engineering ,Numerical models ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Axle ,Mechanics of Materials ,Torque ,General Materials Science ,business ,Suspension (vehicle) ,Simulation ,Saddle - Abstract
The aim of the work reported here was to investigate the potential benefits of rear suspension systems for mountain bikes and to develop numerical models that could be used in future to help with the design of improved suspension configurations. As the basis for a study of the effect of rear suspensions, two bicycles were chosen: one with full suspension and one with only front suspension (hard tail). Apart from the rear suspension, all other aspects of the bicycles were closely matched. In order to control the number of variables, a special rolling road test rig was used. Eight subjects were asked to ride each bicycle on the rig in random order. Measurements were taken of pedal torque and speed, rear wheel speed, forward thrust at front axle and vertical acceleration at the saddle and handlebars. Physiological measurements were also taken, but these are reported elsewhere. A DADS model of the rolling road rig, bicycle and rider was created and numerical simulations were performed. The results of the numerical simulations compared well with the experimental results. Unmeasured parameters predicted by the DADS model could therefore be used with reasonable confidence to aid the understanding of the suspension performance. Physiological results, mechanical measurements and simulation results all indicate that the full suspension bicycle shows a significant improvement in terms of comfort and energy expenditure when riding over regular bumps. The good correlation between measurement and simulation provides a tool that can be used in future for optimization of bicycle suspension design.
- Published
- 2003
44. An Objective Method for Measurement of Sedentary Behavior in 3- to 4-Year Olds
- Author
-
Jennifer Coyle, Louise A. Kelly, James Y. Paton, Stanley Grant, John J. Reilly, and Genevieve Burke
- Subjects
Male ,Validation study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Direct observation ,Physical activity ,Child Behavior ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Objective method ,Sedentary behavior ,Motor Activity ,medicine.disease ,Childhood obesity ,Endocrinology ,Child, Preschool ,medicine ,Physical therapy ,Humans ,Female ,business ,Motion sensors ,Food Science - Abstract
Objective: To test the ability of accelerometry to quantify sedentary behavior in 3- to 4-year-old children. Research Methods and Procedures: We developed a cut-off for accelerometry output (validation study) in 30 healthy 3 to 4 year olds, which provided highest sensitivity and specificity for the detection of sedentary behavior relative to a criterion method of measurement, direct observation using the children's physical activity form. We then cross-validated the cut-off in an independent sample of healthy 3 to 4 year olds (n = 52). Results: In the validation study, optimal sensitivity and specificity for the detection of sedentary behavior were obtained at an accelerometry output cut-off of
- Published
- 2003
45. Climbing-specific finger endurance: a comparative study of intermediate rock climbers, rowers and aerobically trained individuals
- Author
-
Jim Kay, C Shields, I Watt, Stanley Grant, A. Whitaker, W Ming Loh, and V Fitzpatrick
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pain Threshold ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Blood Pressure ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Isometric exercise ,Fingers ,Oxygen Consumption ,Voluntary contraction ,Task Performance and Analysis ,medicine ,Humans ,Pain perception ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Lactic Acid ,Exercise physiology ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Exercise ,Physical Education and Training ,biology ,business.industry ,Athletes ,Sustained exercise ,biology.organism_classification ,body regions ,Blood pressure ,Climbing ,Physical Endurance ,Physical therapy ,business ,Muscle Contraction ,Sports - Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the climbing-specific finger endurance of climbers, rowers and aerobically leg trained athletes. Twenty-seven males aged 21.2 +/- 2.2 years (mean +/- s) volunteered for the study. The participants were intermediate rock climbers (n = 9), rowers (n = 9) and leg trained athletes (n = 9). Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was determined on climbing-specific finger apparatus. Endurance isometric exercise was performed at 40% MVC in three tests performed in a random order: (1) sustained exercise; (2) 6 s exercise, 4 s rest; and (3) 18 s exercise, 12 s rest. Pre- and post-exercise blood pressure and blood lactate concentration, together with post-exercise pain perception, were measured. The climbers had a significantly greater MVC (383 +/- 35.6 N) than the rowers (321 +/- 49.5 N, P = 0.007) and aerobically leg trained athletes (288 +/- 60.6 N, P = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of endurance times for any of the tests. In the test with 18 s exercise and 12 s rest, the climbers showed a significantly higher increase in blood lactate concentration, on average, than the rowers by 0.01-0.89 mmol x l(-1) (P = 0.006); there were no significant differences, on average, in the comparisons of climbers and the leg trained athletes and rowers and the leg trained athletes. There were no significant differences in the average changes in blood pressure from rest to post-exercise between any of the groups. Although the climbers had greater MVC on average than the other two groups, there were no significant differences in average endurance times amongthe groups. These findings suggest that training for rock climbing and participation in rock climbing may result in some specific adaptations. However, we acknowledge that this study is descriptive and there is the possibility that differences between groups could be attributed to self-selection.
- Published
- 2003
46. Randomized controlled trial of quadriceps training after proximal femoral fracture
- Author
-
Brendan J Martin, Stanley Grant, David J. Stott, and Sarah L Mitchell
- Subjects
030506 rehabilitation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Randomization ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Thigh ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Quality of life ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Femur ,Aged ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Femoral fracture ,medicine.disease ,Exercise Therapy ,Clinical trial ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Nottingham Health Profile ,Quality of Life ,Physical therapy ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Femoral Fractures ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective: To determine whether systematic progressive high-intensity quadriceps training increases leg extensor power and reduces disability in patients rehabilitating after proximal femoral fracture. Design: Open parallel group randomized controlled trial comparing the addition of six weeks quadriceps training (40 patients) with standard physiotherapy alone (40 patients). The training group exercised twice weekly, with six sets of 12 repetitions of knee extension (both legs), progressing up to 80% of their one-repetition maximum. Setting: Orthogeriatric unit, and community follow-up. Subjects: Eighty patients rehabilitating after proximal femoral fracture. Main outcome measures: Measurements of leg extensor power (Nottingham Power Rig), functional mobility (elderly mobility score), disability (Barthel Index) and quality of life (Nottingham Health Profile) were made at baseline, after six weeks (at the end of the intervention) and at 16 weeks. Results: Leg extensor power increased significantly in the quadriceps training group (fractured leg mean improvement at six weeks 157% (standard error 16), nonfractured leg 80% (12)) compared with the control group (63% (11) and 26% (8) respectively, unpaired Student's t-test p = 0.007 and p = 0.01 for between-group comparisons). Significant benefits were maintained at 16 weeks. Quadriceps training resulted in a greater increase in elderly mobility scale score compared with standard rehabilitation (between-group difference of 2.5 (95% CI 1.1,3.8) at week 6 and 1.9 (0.4,3.4) at week 16). Barthel score increased significantly from week 0 to 6 in the quadriceps training group compared with controls (Mann–Whitney U-test p = 0.05). Patients in the quadriceps training group scored significantly better in the energy subscore of the Nottingham Health Profile at the end of follow-up (Mann–Whitney U-test p = 0.0185). Conclusions: Progressive high-intensity quadriceps training in elderly proximal femoral fracture patients increased leg extensor power and reduced disability. This was accompanied by an increase in energy as measured by the Nottingham Health Profile. This intervention may provide a simple practical way of improving outcome in these patients.
- Published
- 2001
47. Using the Computer Science and Applications (CSA) Activity Monitor in Preschool Children
- Author
-
A.R. Whittaker, Sheila C. Fairweather, James Y. Paton, Stanley Grant, and John J. Reilly
- Subjects
Activity monitor ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Exercise class ,Biological significance ,Statistical significance ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Physical activity ,medicine ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Mean age ,Audiology - Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to assess the ability of the CSA accelerometer to measure physical activity in preschool children. A secondary aim was to examine inter-instrument differences and the effect of accelerometer placement on output. Eleven subjects (mean age = 4.0 years, SD = 0.4) wore the CSA-7164 for a 45-min preschool exercise class. They were observed throughout the class, and their engagement in activity was quantified using the Children’s Physical Activity Form (CPAF). The effect of accelerometer positioning (left vs. right hip) was assessed in 10 subjects over 2 days. CSA output during the class was highly correlated with the CPAF score (r = 0.87, p < .001), and rank order correlations between the 2 methods were also highly significant (r = 0.79, p < .01). Differences in CSA output between left and right hip reached statistical significance (paired t, p < .05), but these differences were small and probably of limited biological significance. The CSA appears to be an appropriate tool for assessment of physical activity in preschool children, but further studies on stability of activity as measured by CSA, as well as its validity, are urged.
- Published
- 1999
48. Outcomes of a 12-week Functional Exercise Programme for Institutionalised Elderly People
- Author
-
John MacDonald, Elaine Gillies, Stanley Grant, and Tom Aitchison
- Subjects
Functional training ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Functional exercise ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Confidence interval ,Test (assessment) ,law.invention ,Stair descent ,law ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,Elderly people ,business ,human activities ,Stopwatch - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week exercise programme on the functional status of institutionalised elderly people. Fifteen subjects from two residential homes were assigned to either a control or an exercise group: six exercisers (mean ± sd) 88 ± 5 years and nine controls, 87 ± 4 years. The exercise sessions were carried out twice a week for 12 weeks. The variables measured were distance walked in 15 seconds, single and triple chair rise, and timed stair ascent and descent (all timed using a stopwatch). The exercise sessions consisted of a seven-minute warm-up, a circuit (including walking, chair rising, stair ascent and stair descent) and a ten-minute cool-down. Paired sample and two sample t-tests were used to assess changes. The exercise group improved significantly in all variables post-intervention, while the control group improved significantly in timed stair ascent and timed single chair rise. The exercise group did not significantly improve over the controls in any of the variables, except for walking. Confidence intervals of 95% showed that on average, the exercisers improved between 2 and 5 metres more than the controls in the walking test. The improvement in walking performance in the exercise group may result in increased physical activity and an enhanced lifestyle.
- Published
- 1999
49. Process options for conversion of Agave tequilana leaves into bioethanol
- Author
-
Rijal, Deepa, primary, Vancov, Tony, additional, McIntosh, Shane, additional, Ashwath, Nanjappa, additional, and Stanley, Grant A., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The relationship between 3 km running performance and selected physiological variables
- Author
-
Stanley Grant, T. Aitchison, J. Wilson, and Ian Craig
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Ergometry ,Chemistry ,Lactate threshold ,Treadmill Tests ,Physical Exertion ,Analytical chemistry ,VO2 max ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Running ,Oxygen Consumption ,Distance running ,Reference Values ,Physical performance ,Reference values ,Running economy ,Blood lactate ,Humans ,Regression Analysis ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Lactic Acid ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Simulation - Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between a number of physiological variables and running velocity at 3 km (v-3km) in a group of male runners. Sixteen well-trained middle- and long-distance runners (mean +/-s: age 22.4 +/- 4.2 years, body mass 63.5 +/- 6.2 kg, VO2 max 73.3 +/- 6.7 ml kg-1 min-1) underwent laboratory treadmill tests to determine their maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max), running economy at three submaximal velocities (12.9, 14.5 and 16.1 km h-1 or 14.5, 16.1 and 17 km h-1), predicted velocity at VO2 max (v-VO2max), velocity (v-Tlac) and VO2 (VO2-Tlac) at the lactate threshold and their velocity (v-4mM) and VO2 (VO2-4mM) at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mM. Distance running performance was determined by 3 km time-trials on an indoor 200 m track for which the average time was 9.46 +/- 0.74 min. The mean (+/-s) velocities for v-Tlac, v-4mM and v-VO2max were 16.0 +/- 1.8, 17.1 +/- 1.9 and 20.7 +/- 2.1 km h-1 respectively, all significantly different on average (all P0.05) from that for v-3km (19.1 +/- 1.5 km h-1). Many of these physiological variables were found to be individually (and significantly at 5%) related to v-3km. The best single predictors of v-3km were v-Tlac and v-4mM (both with a sample correlation, r2 of 0.93), while v-VO2max was slightly poorer (r = 0.86). Neither VO2 max nor running economy was strongly correlated with v-3km. A stepwise multiple-regression analysis revealed that v-Tlac alone was the best single predictor of v-3km and explained 87% of the variability in 3 km running velocity, while the addition of any of the other physiological variables did not significantly improve the prediction of v-3km. We conclude that, in a group of well-trained runners, the running velocity at the lactate threshold was all that was required to explain a large part of the variability in 3 km running performance.
- Published
- 1997
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.