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2. The haptic paradigm in education: Challenges and case studies

Author

Hamza-Lup, Felix G. and Stanescu, Ioana A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

The process of learning involves interaction with the learning environment through our five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste). Until recently, distance education focused only on the first two of those senses, sight and sound. Internet-based learning environments are predominantly visual with auditory components. With the advent of haptic technology we can now simulate/generate forces and, as a result, the sense of touch. The gaming industry has promoted the "touch" on the "wire", allowing complex multi-modal interactions online. In this article we provide a brief overview of the evolution of haptic technology, its potential for education, and existing challenges. We review recent data on 21st century students' behaviors, and share our experiences in designing interactive haptic environments for education. From the "Community of Inquiry" framework perspective, we discuss the potential impact of haptic feedback on cognitive and social presence.

Published
2018

3. Blockchain and Smart-contracts Modeled in a SwarmESB Ecosystem

Author

Stanescu, Ioana, Alboaie, Lenuta, and Panu, Andrei

Subjects
Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Abstract

Blockchain has emerged as a trusted and secure distributed ledger for transactions while also being decentralised, distributed and its legitimacy not guaranteed by a trusted authority. Since the appearance of Bitcoin, Blockchain has known many implementations based on P2P architectures. This paper presents how the blockchain and smart contracts technologies can be integrated into the SwarmESB ecosystem. SwarmESB is a framework that helps building distributed applications, which benefit from privacy and scalability features. Our proposal will present the flexibility in building not only microservices based applications, but also decen-tralised applications employing blockchain and smart-contracts by modeling a sample Dapp.

Published
2018

5. Neuroplasticity pathophysoiological mechanisms underlaying neuro-optometric rehabilitation in ischemic stroke – a brief review

Author

BULBOACA Adriana Elena, STANESCU Ioana Cristina, NICULA Cristina, and BULBOACA Angelo

Subjects
neuroplasticity, neuro-optometric rehabilitation, ischemic stroke, Science
Abstract

Neuroplasticity is an essential phenomenon underlying on neurorehabilitation process, by which the brain can remodel the dysfunction consequent to a lesion. Ischemic brain lesions are the most frequent brain lesions often associated with visual function disability. Experimental and clinical studies established that visual function disability can impede the neurorehabilitation therapy efficiency. Neuro-optometric therapy has been proved to significantly improve the patient outcome after brain lesions. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this process are yet to be deciphered. Current knowledge regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ischemic lesions and neuroplasticity as a reparation process offers real support to a more efficient neurorehabilitation therapy that can contribute to the improvement of life quality in stroke patients.

Published
2021
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6. Rehabilitation challenges in COVID-19 induced acute polyradiculoneuropathies

Author

STANESCU Ioana, BULBOACA Angelo, CORDOS Angela Ioana, FODOR Dana M, and BULBOACA Adriana Elena

Subjects
therapeutic plasma exchange, plasmapheresis, neuroimmune disorders, rehabilitation, Science
Abstract

Introduction. SARS-COV 2 infection causes damage of the peripheral nervous system: loss of smell loss of taste and demyelination or axonal injury in the spinal roots and motor and sensory nerves with acute polyradiculoneuritis. As many people are affected by COVID-19, the number of patients with secondary peripheral nervous system damage is increasing. Material and method. There are a significant number of Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) cases reported in COVID-19 positive patients, leading to the recognition of GBS as one of the peripheral nervous system complications of SARS-COV 2 infection. We are trying to summarise the particularities of specific rehabilitation in post-COVID patients. Results and discussions. The rehabilitation of a COVID patients has particularities, first – because of infectious risk carried by the patient during the procedures, second by the patient’s pulmonary and physical impairments induced by the Coronavirus. Conclusions. There is scarce evidence for rehabilitation interventions, and many recommendations are based on methods developed in other viral infections or chronic pulmonary and neurologic conditions. There is a urgent need for studies regarding the efficacy of interventions in COVID rehabilitation, as the number of patients is constantly increasing.

Published
2021
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7. Blockchain and Smart-Contracts Modeled in a SwarmESB Ecosystem

Author

Stănescu, Ioana, Alboaie, Lenuţa, Panu, Andrei, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series Editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series Editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series Editor, Washio, Takashi, Series Editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series Editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series Editor, Ghosh, Ashish, Series Editor, Park, Jong Hyuk, editor, Shen, Hong, editor, Sung, Yunsick, editor, and Tian, Hui, editor

Published
2019
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8. Framing the Adoption of Serious Games in Formal Education

Author

Arnab, Sylvester, Berta, Riccardo, Earp, Jeffrey, de Freitas, Sara, Popescu, Maria, Romero, Margarida, Stanescu, Ioana, and Usart, Mireia

Abstract

Nowadays formal education systems are under increasing pressure to respond and adapt to rapid technological innovation and associated changes in the way we work and live. As well as accommodation of technology in its ever-diversifying forms, there is a fundamental need to enhance learning processes through evolution in pedagogical approaches, so as to make learning in formal education more engaging and, it is hoped, more effective. One opportunity attracting particularly close attention is Serious Games (SG), which offer considerable potential for facilitating both informal and formal learning. SG appear to offer the chance to "hook" today's (largely) digital-native generation of young learners, who are at risk of falling into an ever-widening gap between "networked" lifestyles and the relative stagnant environment they experience in school and university. However, there are a number of inhibitors preventing wider SG take-up in mainstream education. This paper investigates SG in formal education, initially by concentrating on pedagogical issues from two different but complementary perspectives, game design and game deployment. It then goes on to examine game based practice in formal settings and focuses on the pivotal role of the educator within the emerging panorama. This is followed by a brief look at some specific implementation strategies, collaboration and game building, which are opening up new possibilities. Finally some points for further consideration are offered. (Contains 3 figures.)

Published
2012

9. A Different Vision in eLearning: Metaphors

Author

Tuncay, Nazime, Stanescu, Ioana Andreea, and Tuncay, Mustafa

Abstract

Metaphors are figures of speech in which a word or phrase that denotes a certain object or idea is applied to another word or phrase to imply some similarity between them. Due to their ability to make speaking and writing more lively and interesting, metaphors have always been popular among students. While metaphors provide significant enhancement of contexts and build upon the sense of community, they can limit the boundaries of the communication between students and teachers. In order to carry out student oriented courses, teachers ought to consider the metaphors students use. In an effort to understand and fill in this communication gap, the authors of this paper have initiated a study that aimed to drive out the e-education students' metaphors in order to suggest a vision for future e-courses. The authors have designed the "E-Education Metaphor Analysis Survey" that comprised 35 items and captured data about e-education students' metaphors. The questionnaire was posted on Surveymonkey.com and was distributed to e-education students in two countries: Turkey and Cyprus. 352 students filled the questionnaire. The answers revealed that the metaphors students use are influenced by their way of life, their personal characteristics, their educational background and their feelings. Internet was the most common metaphor used for e-education. A very interesting fact was that 47% of the students considered E-Student to be equivalent to "rich students' education" and that the term recalled them the metaphor "richness". Although there were many research studies on common metaphors and their impact on e-education, there were no studies in the literature about eLearning metaphors. This paper presents an innovative approach that focuses on 7 key research questions and represents a first step of a more detailed future project undertaken by the authors. (Contains 2 tables and 3 figures.)

Published
2011

12. A novel rapamycin cream formulation improves facial angiofibromas associated with tuberous sclerosis complex: a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Aitken, Phillip, primary, Stanescu, Ioana, additional, Boddington, Laura, additional, Mahon, Caroline, additional, Fogarasi, Andras, additional, Liao, Yi-Hua, additional, Ivars, Marta, additional, Moreno-Artero, Ester, additional, Trauner, Doris, additional, DeRoos, Steven T, additional, Jancic, Jasna, additional, Nikolic, Milos, additional, Balážová, Patrícia, additional, Price, Harper N, additional, Hadzsiev, Kinga, additional, Riney, Kate, additional, Stapleton, Stacie, additional, Tollefson, Megha M, additional, Bauer, Derek, additional, Pinková, Blanka, additional, and Atkinson, Hartley, additional

Published
2023
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13. Using Gamification Mechanisms and Digital Games in Structured and Unstructured Learning Contexts

Author

Stanescu, Ioana Andreea, Stefan, Antoniu, Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke Madeleine, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Wallner, Günter, editor, Kriglstein, Simone, editor, Hlavacs, Helmut, editor, Malaka, Rainer, editor, Lugmayr, Artur, editor, and Yang, Hyun-Seung, editor

Published
2016
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14. Towards Modding and Reengineering Digital Games for Education

Author

Stanescu, Ioana Andreea, Baalsrud Hauge, Jannicke, Stefan, Antoniu, Lim, Theodore, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, De Gloria, Alessandro, editor, and Veltkamp, Remco, editor

Published
2016
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15. Cloud-Based Decision Support Ecosystem for Renewable Energy Providers

Author

Stănescu, Ioana Andreea, Ştefan, Antoniu, Filip, Florin Gheorghe, Rannenberg, Kai, Editor-in-chief, Sakarovitch, Jacques, Series editor, Goedicke, Michael, Series editor, Tatnall, Arthur, Series editor, Neuhold, Erich J., Series editor, Pras, Aiko, Series editor, Tröltzsch, Fredi, Series editor, Pries-Heje, Jan, Series editor, Whitehouse, Diane, Series editor, Reis, Ricardo, Series editor, Murayama, Yuko, Series editor, Dillon, Tharam, Series editor, Gulliksen, Jan, Series editor, Rauterberg, Matthias, Series editor, Camarinha-Matos, Luis M., editor, Baldissera, Thais A., editor, Di Orio, Giovanni, editor, and Marques, Francisco, editor

Published
2015
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16. A Conceptual Model Towards the Scaffolding of Learning Experience

Author

Arnab, Sylvester, Ger, Pablo Moreno, Lim, Theodore, Lameras, Petros, Hendrix, Maurice, Kiili, Kristian, Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud, Ninaus, Manuel, de Freitas, Sara, Mazzetti, Alessandro, Dahlbom, Anders, Degano, Cristiana, Stanescu, Ioana, Riveiro, Maria, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, and De Gloria, Alessandro, editor

Published
2015
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18. Harmonizing Interoperability – Emergent Serious Gaming in Playful Stochastic CAD Environments

Author

Kosmadoudi, Z., Lim, Theodore, Ritchie, James M., Liu, Y., Sung, R., Balsrud Hauge, Jannicke, Garbaya, Samir, Wendrich, Robert E., Stanescu, Ioana A., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, and De Gloria, Alessandro, editor

Published
2014
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19. The Move Beyond Edutainment: Have We Learnt Our Lessons from Entertainment Games?

Author

Azadegan, Aida, Balsrud Hauge, Jannicke, Bellotti, Francesco, Berta, Riccardo, Bidarra, Rafael, Harteveld, Casper, Riedel, Johann C. K. H., Stanescu, Ioana Andreea, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, and De Gloria, Alessandro, editor

Published
2014
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20. Narrative Serious Game Mechanics (NSGM) – Insights into the Narrative-Pedagogical Mechanism

Author

Lim, Theodore, Louchart, Sandy, Suttie, Neil, Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud, Stanescu, Ioana A., Ortiz, Ivan M., Moreno-Ger, Pablo, Bellotti, Francesco, Carvalho, Maira B., Earp, Jeffrey, Ott, Michela, Arnab, Sylvester, Berta, Riccardo, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Göbel, Stefan, editor, and Wiemeyer, Josef, editor

Published
2014
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21. Serious Game Mechanics, Workshop on the Ludo-Pedagogical Mechanism

Author

Lim, Theodore, Louchart, Sandy, Suttie, Neil, Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud, Stanescu, Ioana A., Bellotti, Francesco, Carvalho, Maira B., Earp, Jeffrey, Ott, Michela, Arnab, Sylvester, Brown, Damian, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Göbel, Stefan, editor, and Wiemeyer, Josef, editor

Published
2014
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23. The Haptic Paradigm in Education: Challenges and Case Studies

Author

Hamza-Lup, Felix G. and Stanescu, Ioana A.

Abstract

The process of learning involves interaction with the learning environment through our five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste). Until recently, distance education focused only on the first two of those senses, sight and sound. Internet-based learning environments are predominantly visual with auditory components. With the advent of haptic technology we can now simulate/generate forces and, as a result, the sense of touch. The gaming industry has promoted the "touch" on the "wire," allowing complex multimodal interactions online. In this article we provide a brief overview of the evolution of haptic technology, its potential for education, and existing challenges. We review recent data on 21st century students' behaviors, and share our experiences in designing interactive haptic environments for education. From the "Community of Inquiry" framework perspective, we discuss the potential impact of haptic feedback on cognitive and social presence. (Contains 3 figures.)

Published
2010
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33. An integrated safety analysis of combined acetaminophen and ibuprofen (Maxigesic®/Combogesic®) in adults

Author

Aitken, Phillip, Stanescu, Ioana, Playne, Rebecca, Zhang, Jennifer, Frampton, Christopher M A, and Atkinson, Hartley C

Subjects
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, multimodal pain management, paracetamol, surgical pain, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, postoperative analgesia, Original Research
Abstract

Introduction Acetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IBP) are two analgesic compounds with a long history of use. Both are considered safe at recommended over-the-counter daily doses. Chronic use, high doses, or concomitant medication can produce safety risks for both drugs. APAP is associated with increased risk of hepatic injury, while IBP can produce gastric bleeding and thromboembolic events. Using a combination of APAP and IBP provides superior analgesia without transgressing daily dose limits of each individual drug. Methods The present study aimed to determine if treatment with a fixed-dose combination (FDC) containing APAP and IBP results in any unexpected adverse events (AEs) and/or changes in the safety profiles of its two ingredients compared to monotherapy. The analysis will examine clinical safety data obtained from either single dose trials, multiple dose trials, a long-term exposure trial, and post-marketing surveillance data of APAP/IBP FDC tablets (Maxigesic®/Combogesic®, AFT Pharmaceuticals Ltd). The largest dataset was obtained by pooling the four randomized-controlled, multiple-dose clinical studies with either APAP 325 mg + IBP 97.5 mg (FDC 325/97.5, three tablets per dose) or APAP 500 mg + IBP 150 mg (FDC 500/150, two tablets per dose). At maximum doses, the two FDCs are bioequivalent, permitting the pooling of data for the analysis of safety. Results A safety population of 922 patients who received full doses of either FDC, APAP alone, IBP alone, or placebo was compiled from the four studies. A total of 521 AEs were experienced with the incidence of FDC AEs similar to or below either monotherapy group or placebo. The FDC did not alter the incidence and percentage of the most common AEs, including gastrointestinal events and postoperative bleeding. Conclusion Overall, the FDC is well tolerated and has a strong safety profile at single and multiple doses with improved efficacy over monotherapy.

Published
2019

34. Narrative Serious Game Mechanics (NSGM) – Insights into the Narrative-Pedagogical Mechanism

Author

Lim, Theodore, primary, Louchart, Sandy, additional, Suttie, Neil, additional, Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud, additional, Stanescu, Ioana A., additional, Ortiz, Ivan M., additional, Moreno-Ger, Pablo, additional, Bellotti, Francesco, additional, Carvalho, Maira B., additional, Earp, Jeffrey, additional, Ott, Michela, additional, Arnab, Sylvester, additional, and Berta, Riccardo, additional

Published
2014
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35. Serious Game Mechanics, Workshop on the Ludo-Pedagogical Mechanism

Author

Lim, Theodore, primary, Louchart, Sandy, additional, Suttie, Neil, additional, Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud, additional, Stanescu, Ioana A., additional, Bellotti, Francesco, additional, Carvalho, Maira B., additional, Earp, Jeffrey, additional, Ott, Michela, additional, Arnab, Sylvester, additional, and Brown, Damian, additional

Published
2014
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37. Refractive Lens Exchange in Hyperopic Presbyopes with the Acrysof IQ Panoptix Intraocular Lens: One-Year Results and Analysis of the Literature

Author

Nicula,Cristina Ariadna, Popescu,Raluca, Rednik,Anca Maria, Nicula,Dorin, Bulboaca,Adriana Elena, and Stanescu,Ioana

Subjects
genetic structures, Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, eye diseases
Abstract

Cristina Ariadna Nicula,1,2 Raluca Popescu,2 Anca Maria Rednik,3 Dorin Nicula,2 Adriana Elena Bulboaca,4 Ioana Stanescu5 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medicine and Pharmacy University “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj Napoca, Romania; 2Oculens Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Eye County Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 4Department of Pathophysiology, Medicine and Pharmacy University “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj Napoca, Romania; 5Department of Neurology, Medicine and Pharmacy University “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj Napoca, RomaniaCorrespondence: Cristina Ariadna NiculaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Medicine and Pharmacy University “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj Napoca, RomaniaTel +40-722849575Email niculacristina65@yahoo.comPurpose: To assess the functional and refractive outcomes in hyperopia and presbyopia correction by clear lens exchange with the intraocular trifocal artificial lens (IOL) Acrysof IQ Panoptix implant at 1 year.Materials and Methods: A number of 128 eyes (64 patients) underwent clear lens exchange with placement of the trifocal IOL Acrysof IQ Panoptix implant for hyperopia and presbyopia. Prior to the surgery the patients had a complete ocular examination. In all cases the artificial lens was implanted in the bag without any intraoperative complications. Visual acuity (VA) at distance, intermediate and near and ocular refraction were evaluated at 4 weeks, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.Results: The mean age was 53.49 ± 7.377 years old (range 40– 73 years). As high as 51.57% of the patients were males and 48.43% were females. The mean achieved refraction was 0.26 ± 0.73D. Almost 60.93% of patients were within ± 0.25D of the target refraction, with 82.03% eyes within ± 0.50D of the planned correction. At 1 year after surgery, 96.45% of eyes had a stable refraction (p > 0.05). At 1 year, a total of 92.25%, 89.92% and 91.47% achieved a monocular uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity of 0.2 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or better, respectively. At the same time point, a total of 95.35%, 91.47% and 93.80% achieved a binocular uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity of 0.2 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or better, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between the postoperative uncorrected and best corrected VA (distance, intermediate, near) at 6 months and postoperative uncorrected and best corrected VA (distance, intermediate, near) at 12 months. None of our patients had any intraoperative complications. Two cases (1.56%) developed posterior capsule opacification. Twelve patients (18.75%) complained about photic phenomena such as glare and haloes, but this symptom disappeared after 6 months postoperatively. As high as93.56% of patients had a high satisfaction with the outcomes of the surgery. Spectacle independence was obtained in 97.65% eyes.Conclusion: The Acrysof Panoptix trifocal artificial lens offers a good vision at distance, intermediate and near, with a good quality of vision and refraction.Keywords: trifocal artificial lens, hyperopia, presbyopia, clear lens exchange

Published
2020

38. Game-Enhanced Learning

Author

Ott, Michela, primary, Popescu, Maria Magdalena, additional, Stanescu, Ioana Andreea, additional, and de Freitas, Sara, additional

Published
2013
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41. The Effect of Nano-Epigallocatechin-Gallate on Oxidative Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Author

Bulboaca, Adriana Elena, primary, Boarescu, Paul-Mihai, additional, Porfire, Alina Silvia, additional, Dogaru, Gabriela, additional, Barbalata, Cristina, additional, Valeanu, Madalina, additional, Munteanu, Constantin, additional, Râjnoveanu, Ruxandra Mioara, additional, Nicula, Cristina Ariadna, additional, and Stanescu, Ioana Cristina, additional

Published
2020
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45. An integrated safety analysis of combined acetaminophen and ibuprofen (Maxigesic®/ Combogesic®) in adults

Author

Aitken,Phillip, Stanescu,Ioana, Playne,Rebecca, Zhang,Jennifer, Frampton,Christopher M. A., and Atkinson,Hartley C.

Subjects
Journal of Pain Research
Abstract

Phillip Aitken,1 Ioana Stanescu,1 Rebecca Playne,1 Jennifer Zhang,1 Christopher MA Frampton,2 Hartley C Atkinson1 1Drug Development, AFT Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand; 2Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand Introduction: Acetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IBP) are two analgesic compounds with a long history of use. Both are considered safe at recommended over-the-counter daily doses. Chronic use, high doses, or concomitant medication can produce safety risks for both drugs. APAP is associated with increased risk of hepatic injury, while IBP can produce gastric bleeding and thromboembolic events. Using a combination of APAP and IBP provides superior analgesia without transgressing daily dose limits of each individual drug.Methods: The present study aimed to determine if treatment with a fixed-dose combination (FDC) containing APAP and IBP results in any unexpected adverse events (AEs) and/or changes in the safety profiles of its two ingredients compared to monotherapy. The analysis will examine clinical safety data obtained from either single dose trials, multiple dose trials, a long-term exposure trial, and post-marketing surveillance data of APAP/IBP FDC tablets (Maxigesic®/Combogesic®, AFT Pharmaceuticals Ltd). The largest dataset was obtained by pooling the four randomized-controlled, multiple-dose clinical studies with either APAP 325 mg + IBP 97.5 mg (FDC 325/97.5, three tablets per dose) or APAP 500 mg + IBP 150 mg (FDC 500/150, two tablets per dose). At maximum doses, the two FDCs are bioequivalent, permitting the pooling of data for the analysis of safety. Results: A safety population of 922 patients who received full doses of either FDC, APAP alone, IBP alone, or placebo was compiled from the four studies. A total of 521 AEs were experienced with the incidence of FDC AEs similar to or below either monotherapy group or placebo. The FDC did not alter the incidence and percentage of the most common AEs, including gastrointestinal events and postoperative bleeding. Conclusion: Overall, the FDC is well tolerated and has a strong safety profile at single and multiple doses with improved efficacy over monotherapy. Keywords: paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, surgical pain, postoperative analgesia, multimodal pain management

Published
2019

46. The Haptic Paradigm in Education: Challenges and Case Studies

Author

Hamza-Lup, Felix and Stanescu, Ioana A.

Abstract

The process of learning involves interaction with the learning environment through our five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste). Until recently, distance education focused only on the first two of those senses, sight and sound. Internet-based learning environments are predominantly visual with auditory components. With the advent of haptic technology we can now simulate/generate forces and, as a result, the sense of touch. The gaming industry has promoted the “touch” on the “wire,” allowing complex multi modal interactions online. In this article we provide a brief overview of the evolution of haptic technology, its potential for education, and existing challenges. We review recent data on 21st century students' behaviors, and share our experiences in designing interactive haptic environments for education. From the “Community of Inquiry” framework perspective, we discuss the potential impact of haptic feedback on cognitive and social presence.

Published
2018
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