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The increasing vehicles have brought convenience to people as well as many traffic problems. The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an extension of the intelligent transportation system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), which is the omnibearing network connection among “Vehicles, Loads, Clouds”. However, IoV also faces threats from various known and unknown security vulnerabilities. Traditional security defense methods can only deal with known attacks, while there is no effective way to deal with unknown attacks. In this paper, we show an IoV system deployed on a Mimic Common Operating Environment (MCOE). At the sensing layer, we introduce a lightweight cryptographic algorithm, LBlock, to encrypt the data collected by the hardware. Thus, we can prevent malicious tampering of information such as vehicle conditions. At the application layer, we firstly put the IoV system platform into MCOE to make it dynamic, heterogeneous and redundant. Extensive experiments prove that the sensing layer can encrypt data reliably and energy-efficiently. And we prove the feasibility and security of the Internet of Vehicles system platform on MCOE.

Scheduling algorithm is an important step in cloud computing, which determines the effectiveness of the system. Focus on the business requirement of mimic common operating environment (MCOE), especially the incomplete consideration of load balancing and heterogeneous in traditional scheduling algorithms, this paper presents an entropy weight clustering scheduling (EWCS) algorithm, which combines the dynamic heterogeneous redundancy (DHR) architecture of mimetic defense theory and K-Means clustering of machine learning to complete the nodes selection on the cloud platform. This algorithm consists of four steps: risk value screening, load balancing, entropy weight calculation and clustering optimization. The simulation results show that the algorithm is reasonable and can serve MCOE well. It is also an effective attempt to apply machine learning method to scheduling problem.

Will OSs in 2025 still resemble the Unix-like consensus of today, or will a very different design achieve widespread adoption?

Honeynet is deployed to trap attackers and learn their behavior patterns and motivations. Conventional honeynet is implemented by dedicated hardware and software. It suffers from inflexibility, high CAPEX and OPEX. There have been several virtualized honeynet architectures to solve those problems. But they lack a standard operating environment and common architecture for dynamic scheduling and adaptive resource allocation. Software Defined Security (SDS) framework has a centralized control mechanism and intelligent decision making ability for different security functions. In this paper, we present a new intelligent honeynet architecture based on SDS framework. It implements security functions over Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure (NFVI). Under uniform and intelligent control, security functional modules can be dynamically deployed and collaborated to complete different tasks. It migrates resources according to the workloads of each honeypot and power off unused modules. Simulation results show that intelligent honeynet has a better performance in conserving resources and reducing energy consumption. The new architecture can fit the needs of future honeynet development and deployment.

This paper study three mainstream operating system,their kernel module on-demand loading mechanism, their safety and reliability measures, points out the weaknesses these operating systems have in the kernel module security control. Along with the study of two new operating system -- dynamic extensible operating system and virtual address space based on file operation system, make a prospects on the operating system architecture development

Today, smart cards are widely used in variety of applications of human life.The nature of these cards depends on theirs operating system, in other words the operating system determines that card can be used in what field. Hardware development on the one hand and increasing use of smart cards on the other, have led to that the operating systems have progressed dramatically.Moving from special-purpose operating systems with single application into multi-purpose operating systems with open architecture, is proof of claim.Increase the number of operating systems and variety of their applications, caused that the need to categorize and classify operating systems be felt more than ever.Smart card operating systems can be categorized based on different parameters such as file management, applications management, and historical generations. In this paper we will discussion about smart card operating systems and their classification based on these parameters.

Operating Linux Application softwares on Windows platform, can not only promote the development of interoperability technology of these two operating systems, but also strengthen the status Windows has in the market. Because of the differences in the architectures of Linux and Windows, when running Linux application programs in Windows operating system, we need to resort to some certain kinds of technologies such as Services For Unix, Application Programming Interface emulation, virtual machine platform, source codes refactoring, etc. This paper aims at making deep analyses on the principles and features of these technologies.

As the fastest growing operating system, Linux is applied in broader areas, and more and more people start to use Linux operating system. In allusion to the hot issues like Linux and UnixLinux and free softwares, Linux kernelLinux DistroLinux and embedded systemLinux and WindowsLinux teaching, the research results have been summarized in the article.

This paper describes the development of a simple, real-time operating system for educational purposes. The system provides soft real-time capabilities to serve real time processes and data and meet deadlines. The main contribution of this paper is a very simple open source operating system that implements different real-time algorithms. The code is kept minimal as the kernel is only 15000 lines long. It supports high definition graphics and easy modification which allows more real-time algorithms to be implemented.

Information is the fuel of modern society; from social media to the stock exchange, the ability for individual entities to connect with each other over distance makes everything possible. Similarly, the ability to leverage information across a complex battlespace is one of the key elements that makes the U.S. Army such a potent fighting force. At the heart of this capability is a robust and adaptive tactical network that facilitates mission command at every echelon. Though the Army possess a strong network, continuing efforts to improve it over time is a struggle. Cost and schedule overruns have become normal occurrences as individual systems fail to pass the Army's rigorous interoperability certification requirements. Without interoperability, the network does not work. The Army's acquisition community's shift to focus on a new paradigm of network development, the Common Operating Environment (COE), promised to create a better system for insuring network interoperability in a timely manner. Old habits and practices, however, have threatened the promise of the new paradigm in terms of development, evaluation, and certification. This document examines current practices and issues regarding network development and makes a recommendation for how to approach COE to achieve greater levels of interoperability faster and cheaper. By utilizing an agile based approach, COE can be developed as a system of systems through iterative sprints that focus on developing an interconnected network that works the first time.

This paper describes a home monitoring system designed using Intel Galileo Gen2 development board. The system offers the ability to measure, infer and understand environmental indicators such as temperature, motion and sound by their respective sensors. The proliferation of such sensors and board with a communicating network creates a common operating environment using an open source platform Arduino. The performance of the system will be validated by the designed application of android smart device. It encompasses the ability to smart home monitoring and automation. It focuses on making it possible for the people to monitor their premises smartly so that they can react quickly in case of emergencies.

As the course of computer operating system requires students to understand the interactions between computer systems, users and hardware platform, this paper concentrates on the problem of using the virtualization technology in computer operating system teaching. Particularly, virtualization technology is designed to simulate the real computer hardware environment, and then make the operating system run in a virtual computer environment. Because the virtual machine software can simulate real computer hardware equipment, several operating systems are supported, such as Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Unix etc. The main idea of this paper is to utilize the VMware software in operating system teaching. VMware provides a completely virtualized set of hardware for a specific operating system. Afterwards, we discuss how to design and implement an experimental platform with multiple operating systems based on VMware.

Adaptation of operating systems to a new processor architecture is a complicated process during which incompatible parts of an embedded operating system have to be redesigned and missing parts have to be implemented. The complications grow when there is a need to adapt operating system to completely different processor architecture as was an operating system optimised for. During our work on this problem we proposed a tool which reduces effect of these complications to a minimum. The tool uses a processor formal description file, which can act as a standard for processor manufacturers, and could help during generation of a platform dependent code of the operating system kernel. As a result of a platform code generation the adaptation time of operating system was reduced into platform independent adjustments. In this paper reader will find the recent status of work on an operating system adaptation process. A generator of platform-dependent code is described together with a framework that will help to shorten the adaptation process of any operating system.

Climate change will impact health through a variety of pathways - both direct and indirect. Identifying the specific link between climate-related hazards and vulnerability will require the integration of socio-environmental, meteorological, and health data. An enhanced monitoring and tracking system is critical for public health efforts to identify and reach populations vulnerable to climate-related hazards, mobilize resources, and inform local climate action policy to reduce climate-related health risks. In this paper we present a novel application of a geospatial tool that integrates multiple data sources, allowing for the streamlined visualization of environmental risk, socio-economic and demographic vulnerability, baseline mortality, and policy intervention measures. GEMSS (Geospatial Emergency Management Support System) is a browser-based application that is designed to assemble geospatial information from multiple local or remote sources in a common operating environment, allowing for multi-data visualization. Using vulnerability to extreme heat and heavy rainfall-induced flooding as climate impacts on health, we tested GEMSS’s capability as a multi-data platform to visually analyze spatial patterns of climate change environmental public health indicators at the local level. The selected indicators relied on socio-environmental and demographic vulnerability, health, policy, and weather data. The GEMSS system has the potential to support multiple goals including: a) the ongoing monitoring and assessment of climate-related vulnerability through visualization; b) providing policymakers with an open-source tool for understanding how vulnerable populations and the environment could be impacted by proposed climate action policies; c) tracking the ongoing status of climate change policies in reducing socio-environmental vulnerability; d) raising awareness among the general public about the links between climate change and public health; and, e) providing a basis for epidemiologic research (i.e., identifying gaps between climate and human vulnerability leading to hypotheses and hypotheses-testing).

Each operating system has its own partition utility like parted for Unix based operating systems, disk management utility for Windows operating system and partedUtil for ESX operating system. A partition utility for a particular operating system can able to detect only certain disk labels of other operating systems. We need to develop a Utility by named partition table generator utility which generates a partition table on a raw-disk for a specified disk label. This utility is used to test the capabilities of partition-utility of a particular operating system in cloud environment.

This chapter contains sections titled: Specific Operating Systems (OSS) Applications Example Detailed Security Requirements for Specific Operating Systems and Applications Chapter Summary Further Reading and Resources Questions Exercises

This paper gives an overview of educational operating system called COLIBROS. It is small, object oriented, library operating system, based on micro-kernel concepts, supporting high level concurrency and synchronization primitives. In fact, COLIBROS is simplified operating system kernel accompanied with hardware emulation layer that emulates keyboard, monitor, disk and interrupt mechanism. A concurrent COLIBROS program behaves like stand alone program executing in emulated environment, in our case as plain GNU/Linux process. Encapsulating all critical concepts in host operating system user space makes COLIBROS development and debugging easier and more user friendly.

This article discussed the Google new online operating system that could be a Windows killer. It is a fast operating system that has a limitless resources and the entire open-source community at its disposal.

This work presents several approaches for designing self-stabilizing operating systems. The first approach is based on periodical automatic reinstalling of the operating system and restart. The second reinstalls the executable portion of the operating system and uses predicates on the operating system state (content of variables) to ensure that the operating system does not diverge from its specifications. The last approach presents an example of a tailored self-stabilizing very tiny operating system. Prototypes using the Intel Pentium processor were composed.

A method to independently run two coexisting Linux systems on one computer is proposed. Up to the present time a virtual computer method has been used as a method to run multiple operating systems on one computer. This method has a problem, however, in which the guest operating system depends on the running state of the host operating system making it impossible to efficiently utilize the processing performance of each operating system. In contrast to this, because each operating system runs independently in the proposed method by time sharing the processes and exclusively dividing the other hardware resources, one of the operating systems and applications running on the operating systems are not influenced by the other operating system and the applications running on the operating system. This paper presents the proposed method and reports the results of performance evaluations when actually implemented in Linux. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 90(9): 56– 68, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20343

An end-element, a logic solver system and a sensor are essential parts of safety-critical systems. The time to market of a brand new logic solver system might drastically increase when a safety-critical operating system needs to be written from scratch. According to our observations, the commercial safety-critical operating systems are not flexible enough to be reused for a brand-new platform. Consequently, we are going to present a generic safety-critical operating system. The operating system is written in an object-oriented programming language. Inheritance and polymorphism are used to achieve hardware independency. The first results show that more than thirty percent of source code might be reused. Thus, a lot of time for testing, documenting and certifying can be saved.

Modern user interfaces grow more and more complex and cannot be possibly handled by the same software components in charge of the timely execution of safety-critical control tasks. Evidence Srl recently proposed a single-board dual-OS system aimed at combining the flexibility of the Linux general-purpose operating system, which is able to produce any complex user interface, and the reliability of the automotive-grade ERIKA Enterprise operating system, a small-footprint real-time OS suitable for safety-critical control tasks and able to execute commands triggered by Linux. The operating systems run on dedicated cores and, for efficiency reasons, they share memory with limited support for memory protection: although the system allows running two operating systems, from a safety certification point of view it suffers from the fact that safety-critical and non-safety-critical components should be isolated from each other. In this paper we present, as an improvement to the initial implementation, again a double-OS system running, on a dual-core platform, ERIKA Enterprise and a full-featured Linux OS, but using the Xen hypervisor to run the two operating systems in two isolated domains. In the proposed setup, each of the domains runs on a dedicated core, assigned statically by the hypervisor. Linux runs as the control domain, and is therefore able to execute any of the components of the Xen toolstack; it is also able to grant to the real-time operating system access to any I/O-memory range needed for control tasks. The described system also provides a simple, safe communication mechanism between the two operating systems, based on Xen's inter-domain event notification primitives and explicit sharing of a dedicated set of memory pages by the real-time operating system.

This article gives a design overview of a new reliable distributed operating system environment, combining the world of functional and distributed programming using a virtual machine approach for hiding system dependencies, offering rapid prototyping facilities. The basic operating system concepts used are derived from the Amoeba operating system by Andrew Tanenbaum and his work group, developed 20 years ago. VAMNET is not only a native operating system. It is a hybrid solution for expanding widely used operating systems like UNIX with a distributed execution environment.

The realization of interoperability between Linux and Windows is beneficial to the development of operating system technology in depth and breadth. From such aspects as architecture, kernel module, user module,system call,device driver module and so on, this paper elaborates a design scheme of operating system to run Windows' application programs on Linux platform.

Computer Music Journal, 27:4, pp. 27–42, Winter 2003 2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The purpose of this article is to introduce readers to Linux and to describe the factors that make this operating system attractive to computer musicians. I have divided this exposition into two main parts. The first describes and assesses Linux as a general platform for computing. The second, longer section focuses on Linux’s audio and music capabilities. In that section, a historical overview precedes a necessarily brief account of the Linux audio software base, followed by a prediction for the near future of Linux audio development and the acceptance of Linux for music applications.

In order to efficiently use multiple computers on a network, resource management that takes all those computers into account is desirable. However, the resources that each conventional operating system manages are limited to those of the computer on which it works. By making the operating system itself work in a location-transparent fashion, it becomes possible to manage all resources on multiple computers with a single operating system. In this paper, we propose an abstraction method for location-transparent management of computer resources such as memory, CPUs, interrupts, and peripheral devices. The structure and performance evaluations of the Solelc distributed operating system, which is based on this method, are described. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 33(10): 54–63, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10011

Most of today's computer systems, including rapidly emerging embedded ones, rely on an operating system. Consequently, the development of embedded systems and related software often requires a deeper understanding of operating systems. This paper presents a new incrementally built operating system and a learning course formed around it. Each increment builds on the previous one and introduces new system elements, new concepts and solutions, and a new set of assignments for improving or extending operations or simply demonstrating its use. Increments and assignments are designed to extend theoretical and practical knowledge in the operating system domain, give experience with non-trivial software systems and their development tools, familiarize the learner with basic computer hardware components and demonstrate device driver construction. The audience targeted by this operating system and course materials includes advanced students with (basic) knowledge of computer architecture, programming and operating systems. In addition, materials may be used individually as part of a lifelong learning process.

The real-time control systems for the Gemini Telescopes were designed and built in the 1990s using state-of-the-art software tools and operating systems of that time. Since these systems are in use every night they have not been kept upto- date and are now obsolete and very labor intensive to support. Gemini is currently engaged in a major upgrade of its telescope control systems. This paper reviews the studies performed to select and develop a new standard operating environment for Gemini real-time systems and the work performed so far in implementing it.

A cloud operating system or cloud OS provides an operating system(OS), which can be accessed from anywhere, that has objects and all sorts of resources for normal computing purposes that are deployed in the resource providers, that is the cloud OS provider data center. The cloud operating system provides the environment and feels like normal operating system which can be accessed by either of the two types. One is a simple client system to be installed at the client side as a stand-alone or work alongside another OS, using which the cloud applications can be run at the providers server from the client system. The second method is the need of internet enabled browser, which is just enough to access the operating system located at the server using internet. The model to be implemented is a location free access operating system under Linux platform that can be accessed by a web browser. It is enabled by handling the operating system procedures as html or xml requests and responses. As the workload increases, the performance issue needs to be considered. Performance analysis needs to be associated in parallel along with implementing the components SaaS services like File Splitter, Image Editor and Office Suite, PaaS services like compiler(UTF), Kernel for Scheduling and Kernel for Mutual Exclusion and IaaS services like File Storage, Shared Memory and Shared bandwidth.

Summary form only given. In this presentation, several issues regarding operating system security will be investigated. The general problems of OS security are to be addressed. We also discuss why we should consider the security aspects of the OS, and when a secure OS is needed. We delve into the topic of secure OS design as well focusing on covert channel analysis. The specific operating systems under consideration include Windows and Android.

DOI: 10.14684/intertech.13.2014.42-44 This work profiles a collection of demonstrations and assignments designed to augment a hands-on operating systems class featuring an instructional operating system with examples from the more complex Linux environment. In addition to describing the course and its place in the curriculum, hands-on student activities involving Linux device-drivers and user-space file systems are described, along with practical observations and resources for their implementation. Index Terms - Operating systems, Linux, MINIX, pedagogy.

To effectively carry out search and rescue, drug enforcement, fisheries enforcement, alien interdiction, and defense operations missions, the U.S. Coast Guard’s Famous class medium endurance cutters require a robust electronic navigation system fully integrated with the ship’s command and control system. The Command and Control Engineering Center (C2CEN) has been working the last three years to develop a fully integrated C2 navigation system built upon the Department of Defense's Defense Information Infrastructure – Common Operating Environment (DII-COE). The Coast Guard's requirements for an integrated navigation system are based on existing mission needs, international standards and specifications for Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS), and additional standards for warships developed by the U.S. Navy and NATO. The Coast Guard has installed this integrated C2 navigation system on seven cutters. The U.S. Navy has joined the Coast Guard in this development effort and will use the same DII-COE foundation and navigation software for the Navigation Sensor System Interface (NAVSSI) scheduled to be installed on over 100 surface ships and for the Navigation Data Distribution and Display (ND 3 ) function of the new Virginia class attack submarines scheduled for launch in 2002. Within the next year, the Coast Guard will have installed its system on 14 Coast Guard cutters. During that same time the Navy plans to install it on two surface ships and one retrofit Los Angeles class attack submarine. Over 150 Coast Guard cutters and Navy vessels will potentially be using this C2 navigation system by 2003. The Coast Guard system incorporates tactical and navigation requirements necessary for the Navy and Coast Guard to meet existing and emerging mission demands. Recognizing the need to "go anywhere, anytime," this jointly developed software enables these cutters and ships to fix their position using all available means of navigation, including electronic, visual, or radar methods, on any available chart source. This multifaceted and multi-fueled system enhances the navigation team's ability to effectively carry out any mission, anywhere, and in any weather conditions. By combining efforts with the Navy, the Coast Guard has dramatically reduced costs and provided a multi-mission capable integrated system meeting the diverse needs of both sea services.

The dawning of this millennium coincides with the start of a new epoch-that of Internet-distributed computing-and, as is typical with epochal changes, the entrenched are being uprooted. A new breed of device-the Internet appliance-is dethroning the PC, which has held sway over the computing industry for the last two decades. Microsoft Inc., the Redmond, Wash., software megalith whose Windows operating system has towered over the system software arena for the last decade, must now do battle on two fronts: at the heart of the network-the server-and at the edges, with the new Internet devices. As the number and size of Web publishers mushroom, so does the demand for servers and storage. Sales of server hardware and operating systems are growing rapidly, and Microsoft 2000, formerly known as Windows NT 5.0, must duke it out with established Unix systems and new Linux boxes. With growing reliance on the Internet for all kinds of information, computing is acquiring an unsuspected mobility. Unlike a laptop computer, which requires that the user be stationary (preferably seated) to be of use, Internet appliances free the user to work on the go, in ways not previously possible. Even as information technology reaches the next stage in its evolution, the PC has become something of a dinosaur, a metamorphosis that cannot be stopped even by Microsoft. In fact, while the outcome of its confrontation with the US Department of Justice may be to reshape the company in some way, it is the Internet that is truly restructuring Microsoft.

Supporters frequently tout Windows NT as being the most secure commercially available operating system. Others tend to believe this opinion after hearing of Unix's many infamous security vulnerabilities. In reality, the two operating systems have far more in common from a security point of view than people expect. This, then, makes it difficult to honestly assert that NT is more secure than Unix. By providing a brief introduction to the security architectures of Unix and Windows, we hope to convince readers that both operating systems have substantial merit from a security point of view and that neither operating system offers clearly superior security.

This article discusses the Linux Operating System — one of the most popular operating systems used on PCs available free-of-cost on the Internet.

NetGuide has used Linux as its major operating system with good results for four years. The article describes the system setup and evolution, problems and their solutions, positive experiences with Linux, and the training and expertise required to successfully run Linux in a commercial setting.

No business can afford lengthy downtimes, which makes the selection of an operating system critical. Linux, a relatively new option available to the commercial world, combines some of the best features of both Windows and Unix, and offers businesses both exceptional technology and an attitude that encourages the best possible mix of community and commercial involvement.

Not content with dominating the market for desktop computer operating systems, Microsoft is now involved in a struggle for what could be an even bigger business-the real-time system software required by handhelds, set-top devices, and car PCs. In future, access to information over the Internet will be basic to most if not all applications. Adding support for Web access into the operating system is logical when it is viewed as a basic input/output function, and the size of the operating system is not an issue. But the general-purpose operating system, although bound to assimilate the naturally related browser technology, is not itself assimilable into some up-and-coming consumer areas. The technology of desktop Windows is inadequate for such new devices as hand-held and palm computers, Web-telephones, Web-to-TV set-top boxes, and automobile PCs. Accordingly, Microsoft's latest target is the need of these novel consumer electronic items for a real-time operating system (RTOS)-its home-grown Windows CE. The author discusses the competition between Microsoft and others in this new market.

A key goal of the ARINC 653 (APEX) specification is the achievement of software re-use through provision of a standard operating environment for applications software. Reuse of software can be achieved in two ways: (i) by re-using operating systems, which provide common functions across the application spectrum, eg. health monitoring, process management, communications mechanisms; and (ii) by re-using the applications software which provides avionics applications functions. By provision of a standardised interface between applications and operating system, ARINC 653 facilitates both forms of re-use Operating systems are by nature tightly coupled to the underlying hardware platform, re-use of operating systems is therefore limited to modules employing the same hardware unless a new standard such as COEX (Core Executive Interface) can be tightly defined Applications software is often dependent on the actual aircraft implementation. Direct re-use of applications will not always be possible; however, by use of ARINC 653, it will be possible to re-use individual partitions of an application in other applications ARINC 653 is language-dependent and within languages such as Ada there is scope for functionally identical implementations which are syntactically different. Unless definitive language implementations of ARINC 653 are adhered to, language issues will become a major hurdle to re-use A large cost of avionics development (particularly software) is the cost of certification. Currently, avionics functions are certified at the ‘system’ level. In order to maximise the benefits of software re-use, means must be found to claim credit for previously-developed software components of a system. EUROCAE WG48 and RTCA SC182 are currently investigating this issue in their definition of an Avionics Computing Resource. It is hoped that these groups, working in co-operation with ARINC 653, will provide the means to achieve the benefits of re-use

Today's applications have exploded in their diversity, but most operating systems are still general-purpose and inefficient. One of the benefits of using an OO approach is the ability to modify very small details of an operating system, which makes it easy to tailor the system to the application. My experience indicates that optimizing an operating system for the general case can result in mediocre performance for specialized applications, especially parallel applications. Therefore, I envision a customizable operating system built from components that will allow an optimal match between application behavior and hardware architecture. I propose an object-oriented operating system in which design frameworks support alternative implementations of key systems software services.

This paper presents the basics of an operating systems plus RTOS(Real Time Operating System) specific features. Readers are expected to have an overview of the foundations of embedded operating systems and especially RTOS. Operating systems have been evaluated by different commercial and non profit organizations. It can be seen the main lines of different operating systems.

Currently many training systems acquired, fielded and sustained by the U.S. Army are unable to seamlessly comply with a continuously evolving and often complex computational environment. The current state of such training systems must advance to a Training as a Service (TaaS) future state in order to adapt to a volatile defense budget, conform to policy updates, and enhance the training capabilities afforded to the War fighter. TaaS will transform current Army training applications into distributed web-based services, allowing them to be accessible across any location via thin client workstations and wireless mobile devices. The motivation behind this migration is coming from the Common Operating Environment (COE) Architecture Guidance published by the U.S. Army Chief Information Officer and the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology. In order to achieve the COE objectives, the Army recently launched a pilot study on the Common Training Instrumentation Architecture (CTIA). CTIA is the foundation architecture of the Army's Live Training Transformation (LT2) Product Line that provides software infrastructure and services to live training product applications. This paper describes the migration of CTIA to TaaS using a specific set of modern computing technologies that will enable rapid delivery of training capabilities across servers, mobile devices, and heterogeneous platforms. Specifically service-oriented architecture (SOA) and cloud computing are considered which can satisfy the requirements of the TaaS and COE, and meet user demands for an enhanced training experience. Furthermore, this paper discusses the approach taken to elicit the future needs of the Army's live training community, and how cloud computing and SOA are leveraged to meet required capabilities. Lastly, this paper discusses some unique considerations on SOA-related security issues.

Linux and other UNIX-like operating systems are prevalent on the Internet for a number of reasons. As an operating system designed to be flexible and robust, UNIX lends itself to providing a wide array of host- and network-based services. UNIX also has a rich culture because of its long history as a fundamental part of computing research in industry and academia. UNIX and related operating systems have a key role as platforms for delivering the key services that make the Internet possible. For these reasons, it is important that information security practitioners understand fundamental UNIX concepts in support of practical knowledge of how UNIX systems might be securely operated. This chapter is an introduction to UNIX in general and to Linux in particular, presenting some historical context and describing some fundamental aspects of the operating system architecture. Considerations for hardening UNIX deployments will be contemplated from network-centric, host-based, and systems management perspectives. Finally, proactive considerations are presented to identify security weaknesses, correct them, and deal effectively with security breaches when they do occur.

Performance test plays a fundamental and irreplaceable role in the field of software test, especially in guaranteeing the quality and reliability of an operating system. The performance of the process scheduling subsystem directly affects the accuracy and stability of the whole operating system. Linux operating system vendors execute performance test almost in every period of the Linux operating system research and development to enhance their products' competitiveness. However, the lack of methods and tools for the Linux process scheduling performance test has caused great difficulties for Linux operating system vendors to evaluate and tune the Linux kernel performance. Therefore, in order to solve the issues mentioned above, this paper, based on the analysis of Linux process scheduling mechanism, proposes a Linux process scheduling performance test method, implements a Linux process scheduling performance test tool as well, and finally validates the tool experimentally.

Era of the many core ships will begin soon. Multi core chips are already mean a challenge for the whole software industry. In this paper the problems are details from the view point of the operating system. A new operating system architecture is introduced to efficiently support many core chip based systems.