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1. Durability of Original Monovalent mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against COVID-19 Omicron-Associated Hospitalization in Children and Adolescents - United States, 2021-2023.

Author

Zambrano, Laura, Newhams, Margaret, Simeone, Regina, Payne, Amanda, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber, Halasa, Natasha, Calixte, Jemima, Pannaraj, Pia, Mongkolrattanothai, Kanokporn, Boom, Julie, Sahni, Leila, Kamidani, Satoshi, Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa, Maddux, Aline, Irby, Katherine, Schuster, Jennifer, Mack, Elizabeth, Biggs, Austin, Coates, Bria, Michelson, Kelly, Bline, Katherine, Nofziger, Ryan, Crandall, Hillary, Hobbs, Charlotte, Gertz, Shira, Heidemann, Sabrina, Bradford, Tamara, Walker, Tracie, Schwartz, Stephanie, Staat, Mary, Bhumbra, Samina, Hume, Janet, Kong, Michele, Stockwell, Melissa, Connors, Thomas, Cullimore, Melissa, Flori, Heidi, Levy, Emily, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Zinter, Matt, Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Zerr, Danielle, Guzman-Cottrill, Judith, Gonzalez, Ivan, Campbell, Angela, and Randolph, Adrienne

Subjects
Humans, Adolescent, Child, United States, COVID-19 Vaccines, COVID-19, mRNA Vaccines, Vaccine Efficacy, SARS-CoV-2, Hospitalization, RNA, Messenger
Abstract

Pediatric COVID-19 vaccination is effective in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalization, but duration of protection of the original monovalent vaccine during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron predominance merits evaluation, particularly given low coverage with updated COVID-19 vaccines. During December 19, 2021-October 29, 2023, the Overcoming COVID-19 Network evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of ≥2 original monovalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses against COVID-19-related hospitalization and critical illness among U.S. children and adolescents aged 5-18 years, using a case-control design. Too few children and adolescents received bivalent or updated monovalent vaccines to separately evaluate their effectiveness. Most case-patients (persons with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result) were unvaccinated, despite the high frequency of reported underlying conditions associated with severe COVID-19. VE of the original monovalent vaccine against COVID-19-related hospitalizations was 52% (95% CI = 33%-66%) when the most recent dose was administered

Published
2024

2. Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Vaccine-Eligible US Children Under-5 Years Hospitalized for Acute COVID-19 in a National Network.

Author

Zambrano, Laura, Newhams, Margaret, Simeone, Regina, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine, Halasa, Natasha, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber, Kamidani, Satoshi, Pannaraj, Pia, Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa, Maddux, Aline, Schuster, Jennifer, Crandall, Hillary, Kong, Michele, Nofziger, Ryan, Staat, Mary, Bhumbra, Samina, Irby, Katherine, Boom, Julie, Sahni, Leila, Hume, Janet, Gertz, Shira, Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Levy, Emily, Bradford, Tamara, Walker, Tracie, Schwartz, Stephanie, Mack, Elizabeth, Guzman-Cottrill, Judith, Hobbs, Charlotte, Zinter, Matt, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Bline, Katherine, Hymes, Saul, Campbell, Angela, and Randolph, Adrienne

Subjects
Child, Humans, Child, Preschool, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Hospitalization, Vaccination
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In June 2022, the mRNA COVID-19 vaccination was recommended for young children. We examined clinical characteristics and factors associated with vaccination status among vaccine-eligible young children hospitalized for acute COVID-19. METHODS: We enrolled inpatients 8 months to

Published
2024

3. Effectiveness of Maternal mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy Against COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations in Infants Aged <6 Months During SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Predominance - 20 States, March 9, 2022-May 31, 2023.

Author

Simeone, Regina, Zambrano, Laura, Halasa, Natasha, Fleming-Dutra, Katherine, Newhams, Margaret, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber, Kamidani, Satoshi, Pannaraj, Pia, Irby, Katherine, Maddux, Aline, Hobbs, Charlotte, Cameron, Melissa, Boom, Julie, Sahni, Leila, Kong, Michele, Nofziger, Ryan, Schuster, Jennifer, Crandall, Hillary, Hume, Janet, Staat, Mary, Mack, Elizabeth, Bradford, Tamara, Heidemann, Sabrina, Levy, Emily, Gertz, Shira, Bhumbra, Samina, Walker, Tracie, Bline, Katherine, Michelson, Kelly, Zinter, Matt, Flori, Heidi, Campbell, Angela, and Randolph, Adrienne

Subjects
Female, Pregnancy, Infant, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, RNA, Messenger, Stored, Case-Control Studies, Hospitalization, Mothers, Vaccination
Abstract

Infants aged

Published
2023

4. NFKB2 haploinsufficiency identified via screening for IFN-α2 autoantibodies in children and adolescents hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2–related complications

Author

Bodansky, Aaron, Vazquez, Sara E, Chou, Janet, Novak, Tanya, Al-Musa, Amer, Young, Cameron, Newhams, Margaret, Kucukak, Suden, Zambrano, Laura D, Mitchell, Anthea, Wang, Chung-Yu, Moffitt, Kristin, Halasa, Natasha B, Loftis, Laura L, Schwartz, Stephanie P, Walker, Tracie C, Mack, Elizabeth H, Fitzgerald, Julie C, Gertz, Shira J, Rowan, Courtney M, Irby, Katherine, Sanders, Ronald C, Kong, Michele, Schuster, Jennifer E, Staat, Mary A, Zinter, Matt S, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z, Tarquinio, Keiko M, Coates, Bria M, Flori, Heidi R, Dahmer, Mary K, Crandall, Hillary, Cullimore, Melissa L, Levy, Emily R, Chatani, Brandon, Nofziger, Ryan, Investigators, Overcoming COVID-19 Network Study Group, Yates, Masson, Smith, Chelsea, Zinter, MattS, McLaughlin, Gwenn, Randolph, Adrienne G, Newhams, Margaret M, Moon, Hye Kyung, Kobayashi, Takuma, Melo, Jeni, Chen, Sabrina R, Behl, Supriya, Drapeau, Noelle M, McCulloh, Russell J, Nofziger, Ryan A, Staat, Mary Allen, Rohlfs, Chelsea C, Reed, Nelson, Geha, Raif S, DeRisi, Joseph, Campbell, Angela P, and Anderson, Mark

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Lung, Vaccine Related, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Pneumonia, Clinical Research, Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biodefense, Pediatric, Genetics, Autoimmune Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Humans, Child, Adolescent, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Autoantibodies, NF-kappa B, Haploinsufficiency, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Interferon Type I, NF-kappa B p52 Subunit, Anti-interferon autoantibody, MIS-C, NFKB2, inborn errors of immunity, Overcoming COVID-19 Network Study Group Investigators, Immunology, Allergy
Abstract

BackgroundAutoantibodies against type I IFNs occur in approximately 10% of adults with life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The frequency of anti-IFN autoantibodies in children with severe sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is unknown.ObjectiveWe quantified anti-type I IFN autoantibodies in a multicenter cohort of children with severe COVID-19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and mild SARS-CoV-2 infections.MethodsCirculating anti-IFN-α2 antibodies were measured by a radioligand binding assay. Whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and functional studies of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to study any patients with levels of anti-IFN-α2 autoantibodies exceeding the assay's positive control.ResultsAmong 168 patients with severe COVID-19, 199 with MIS-C, and 45 with mild SARS-CoV-2 infections, only 1 had high levels of anti-IFN-α2 antibodies. Anti-IFN-α2 autoantibodies were not detected in patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin before sample collection. Whole-exome sequencing identified a missense variant in the ankyrin domain of NFKB2, encoding the p100 subunit of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells, aka NF-κB, essential for noncanonical NF-κB signaling. The patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibited impaired cleavage of p100 characteristic of NFKB2 haploinsufficiency, an inborn error of immunity with a high prevalence of autoimmunity.ConclusionsHigh levels of anti-IFN-α2 autoantibodies in children and adolescents with MIS-C, severe COVID-19, and mild SARS-CoV-2 infections are rare but can occur in patients with inborn errors of immunity.

Published
2023

5. Risk factors for health impairments in children after hospitalization for acute COVID-19 or MIS-C.

Author

Maddux, Aline, Young, Cameron, Kucukak, Suden, Zambrano, Laura, Newhams, Margaret, Rollins, Caitlin, Halasa, Natasha, Gertz, Shira, Mack, Elizabeth, Schwartz, Stephanie, Kong, Michele, Loftis, Laura, Irby, Katherine, Rowan, Courtney, Tarquinio, Keiko, Zinter, Matt, Crandall, Hillary, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Schuster, Jennifer, Fitzgerald, Julie, Staat, Mary, Hobbs, Charlotte, Nofziger, Ryan, Shein, Steven, Flori, Heidi, Cullimore, Melissa, Chatani, Brandon, Levy, Emily, Typpo, Katri, Hume, Janet, Campbell, Angela, and Randolph, Adrienne

Subjects
COVID-19, COVID-19 post-intensive care syndrome, MIS-C, SARS-CoV-2, critical care outcomes, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, pediatrics, post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for persistent impairments after pediatric hospitalization for acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. METHODS: Across 25 U.S. Overcoming COVID-19 Network hospitals, we conducted a prospective cohort study of patients

Published
2023

6. Underutilization of Influenza Antiviral Treatment Among Children and Adolescents at Higher Risk for Influenza-Associated Complications--United States, 2023-2024

Author

Frutos, Aaron M., Ahmad, Haris M., Ujamaa, Dawud, O'Halloran, Alissa C., Englund, Janet A., Klein, Eileen J., Zerr, Danielle M., Crossland, Melanie, Staten, Holly, Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Halasa, Natasha B., Stewart, Laura S., Hamdan, Olla, Stopczynski, Tess, Schaffner, William, Talbot, H. Keipp, Michaels, Marian G., Williams, John V., Sutton, Melissa, Hendrick, M. Andraya, Staat, Mary A., Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Tesini, Brenda L., Felsen, Christina B., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Anderson, Bridget J., Rowlands, Jemma V., Khalifa, Murtada, Martinez, Marc, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schuster, Jennifer E., Lynfield, Ruth, McMahon, Melissa, Kim, Sue, Nunez, Val Tellez, Ryan, Patricia A., Monroe, Maya L., Wang, Yun F., Openo, Kyle P., Meek, James, Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly, Alden, Nisha B., Armistead, Isaac, Rao, Suchitra, Chai, Shua J., Kirley, Pam Daily, Toepfer, Ariana P., Dawood, Fatimah S., Moline, Heidi L., Uyeki, Timothy M., Ellington, Sascha, Garg, Shikha, Bozio, Catherine H., and Olson, Samantha M.

Subjects
Merck & Company Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vaccination, Influenza viruses, Influenza vaccines -- Complications and side effects, Influenza -- Complications and side effects -- Drug therapy, Hospital patients -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

Introduction Annually, seasonal influenza virus infections among children and adolescents in the United States are estimated to result in millions of medical visits, tens of thousands of hospitalizations, and hundreds [...]

Published
2024

8. On-time childhood vaccination before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in seven communities: Findings from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network

Author

Hofstetter, Annika M., Klein, Eileen J., Strelitz, Bonnie, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schuster, Jennifer E., Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Halasa, Natasha B., Stewart, Laura S., Staat, Mary Allen, Rohlfs, Chelsea, Szilagyi, Peter G., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Williams, John V., Michaels, Marian G., Moline, Heidi, Mirza, Sara A., Harrison, Christopher J., and Englund, Janet A.

Published
2024
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9. Author Correction: Cross-reactive immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is low in pediatric patients with prior COVID-19 or MIS-C.

Author

Tang, Juanjie, Novak, Tanya, Hecker, Julian, Grubbs, Gabrielle, Zahra, Fatema Tuz, Bellusci, Lorenza, Pourhashemi, Sara, Chou, Janet, Moffitt, Kristin, Halasa, Natasha B, Schwartz, Stephanie P, Walker, Tracie C, Tarquinio, Keiko M, Zinter, Matt S, Staat, Mary A, Gertz, Shira J, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z, Schuster, Jennifer E, Loftis, Laura L, Coates, Bria M, Mack, Elizabeth H, Irby, Katherine, Fitzgerald, Julie C, Rowan, Courtney M, Kong, Michele, Flori, Heidi R, Maddux, Aline B, Shein, Steven L, Crandall, Hillary, Hume, Janet R, Hobbs, Charlotte V, Tremoulet, Adriana H, Shimizu, Chisato, Burns, Jane C, Chen, Sabrina R, Moon, Hye Kyung, Lange, Christoph, Randolph, Adrienne G, and Khurana, Surender

Subjects
Good Health and Well Being
Published
2022

10. Medical Costs of Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Associated Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits in Children Aged Younger Than 5 Years: Observational Findings from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, 2016-2019

Author

Clopper, Benjamin R., Zhou, Yingtao, Tannis, Ayzsa, Staat, Mary Allen, Rice, Marilyn, Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Harrison, Christopher J., Halasa, Natasha B., Stewart, Laura S., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Klein, Eileen J., Englund, Janet A., Rha, Brian, Lively, Joana Y., Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R., McMorrow, Meredith L., and Moline, Heidi L.

Published
2024
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12. Effectiveness of Maternal Vaccination with mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy Against COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization in Infants Aged <6 Months - 17 States, July 2021-January 2022.

Author

Halasa, Natasha, Olson, Samantha, Staat, Mary, Newhams, Margaret, Price, Ashley, Boom, Julie, Sahni, Leila, Cameron, Melissa, Pannaraj, Pia, Bline, Katherine, Bhumbra, Samina, Bradford, Tamara, Chiotos, Kathleen, Coates, Bria, Cullimore, Melissa, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Flori, Heidi, Gertz, Shira, Heidemann, Sabrina, Hobbs, Charlotte, Hume, Janet, Irby, Katherine, Kamidani, Satoshi, Kong, Michele, Levy, Emily, Mack, Elizabeth, Maddux, Aline, Michelson, Kelly, Nofziger, Ryan, Schuster, Jennifer, Schwartz, Stephanie, Smallcomb, Laura, Tarquinio, Keiko, Walker, Tracie, Zinter, Matt, Gilboa, Suzanne, Polen, Kara, Campbell, Angela, Randolph, Adrienne, and Patel, Manish

Subjects
COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, Case-Control Studies, Female, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Immunity, Maternally-Acquired, Immunization, Passive, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2, United States, Vaccines, Synthetic, mRNA Vaccines
Abstract

COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for persons who are pregnant, breastfeeding, trying to get pregnant now, or who might become pregnant in the future, to protect them from COVID-19.§ Infants are at risk for life-threatening complications from COVID-19, including acute respiratory failure (1). Evidence from other vaccine-preventable diseases suggests that maternal immunization can provide protection to infants, especially during the high-risk first 6 months of life, through passive transplacental antibody transfer (2). Recent studies of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy suggest the possibility of transplacental transfer of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies that might provide protection to infants (3-5); however, no epidemiologic evidence currently exists for the protective benefits of maternal immunization during pregnancy against COVID-19 in infants. The Overcoming COVID-19 network conducted a test-negative, case-control study at 20 pediatric hospitals in 17 states during July 1, 2021-January 17, 2022, to assess effectiveness of maternal completion of a 2-dose primary mRNA COVID-19 vaccination series during pregnancy against COVID-19 hospitalization in infants. Among 379 hospitalized infants aged

Published
2022

13. Cross-reactive immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is low in pediatric patients with prior COVID-19 or MIS-C

Author

Tang, Juanjie, Novak, Tanya, Hecker, Julian, Grubbs, Gabrielle, Zahra, Fatema Tuz, Bellusci, Lorenza, Pourhashemi, Sara, Chou, Janet, Moffitt, Kristin, Halasa, Natasha B, Schwartz, Stephanie P, Walker, Tracie C, Tarquinio, Keiko M, Zinter, Matt S, Staat, Mary A, Gertz, Shira J, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z, Schuster, Jennifer E, Loftis, Laura L, Coates, Bria M, Mack, Elizabeth H, Irby, Katherine, Fitzgerald, Julie C, Rowan, Courtney M, Kong, Michele, Flori, Heidi R, Maddux, Aline B, Shein, Steven L, Crandall, Hillary, Hume, Janet R, Hobbs, Charlotte V, Tremoulet, Adriana H, Shimizu, Chisato, Burns, Jane C, Chen, Sabrina R, Moon, Hye Kyung, Lange, Christoph, Randolph, Adrienne G, and Khurana, Surender

Subjects
Pediatric, Pneumonia, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Biodefense, Immunization, Prevention, Vaccine Related, Lung, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Membrane Glycoproteins, Neutralization Tests, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Viral Envelope Proteins
Abstract

Neutralization capacity of antibodies against Omicron after a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents is not well studied. Therefore, we evaluated virus-neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants by age-stratified analyses (5 years of age. As expected, convalescent pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C cohorts demonstrate higher neutralization titers than hospitalized acute COVID-19 patients. Overall, children and adolescents show some loss of cross-neutralization against all variants, with the most pronounced loss against Omicron. In contrast to SARS-CoV-2 infection, children vaccinated twice demonstrated higher titers against Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. These findings can influence transmission, re-infection and the clinical disease outcome from emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and supports the need for vaccination in children.

Published
2022

14. Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Vaccine-Eligible US Children Under-5 Years Hospitalized for Acute COVID-19 in a National Network

Author

Zambrano, Laura D., Newhams, Margaret M., Simeone, Regina M., Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E., Halasa, Natasha, Wu, Michael, Orzel-Lockwood, Amber O., Kamidani, Satoshi, Pannaraj, Pia S., Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa A., Maddux, Aline B., Schuster, Jennifer E., Crandall, Hillary, Kong, Michele, Nofziger, Ryan A., Staat, Mary A., Bhumbra, Samina S., Irby, Katherine, Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Hume, Janet R., Gertz, Shira J., Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Levy, Emily R., Bradford, Tamara T., Walker, Tracie C., Schwartz, Stephanie P., Mack, Elizabeth H., Guzman-Cottrill, Judith A., Hobbs, Charlotte V., Zinter, Matt S., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Bline, Katherine E., Hymes, Saul R., Campbell, Angela P., Randolph, Adrienne G., Murdock, Meghan, Kelley, Heather, Sanders, Ronald C., Miron, Laura, Barkely, Hannah, Jumarang, Jaycee, Hakimi, Daniel, Niell, Liria Muriscot, Baig, Natasha, Temte, Elizabeth, Thayer, Imogene, Petruccelli, Lexi, Zorensky, Frances, Sierra, Yamila, Gonzalez, Mark D., Ciric, Caroline R., Choi, Jong-Ha C., Baida, Nadine, Randolph, Adrienne G., Kucukak, Suden, Listerud, Eve, Clark, Maya, Dittrich, Rylie, Johnson, Brandi A., Drapeau, Noelle M., Martin, Lora, Malloch, Lacy, Martin, Maygan, Sanders, Cameron, Patterson, Kayla, Sullivan, Melissa, Pruitt, Shannon, Hymes, Saul, Harwayne-Gidansky, Ilana, Rohlfs, Chelsea C., Wolfe, Amber, Phengchomphet, Kathlyn, Bush, Jenny, Mohammed, Fatima A., Stewart, Laura S., Fernandez, Kailee, Abojaib, Leenah, Kyles, Molly J., and Campbell, Angela P.

Published
2023
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15. Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA Vaccination Against COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Persons Aged 12-18 Years - United States, June-September 2021.

Author

Olson, Samantha, Newhams, Margaret, Halasa, Natasha, Price, Ashley, Boom, Julie, Sahni, Leila, Irby, Katherine, Walker, Tracie, Schwartz, Stephanie, Pannaraj, Pia, Maddux, Aline, Bradford, Tamara, Nofziger, Ryan, Boutselis, Benjamin, Cullimore, Melissa, Mack, Elizabeth, Schuster, Jennifer, Gertz, Shira, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Kong, Michele, Cameron, Melissa, Staat, Mary, Levy, Emily, Chatani, Brandon, Chiotos, Kathleen, Zambrano, Laura, Campbell, Angela, Patel, Manish, and Randolph, Adrienne

Subjects
Adolescent, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, Child, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, United States, Vaccines, Synthetic, mRNA Vaccines
Abstract

Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is authorized for use in children and adolescents aged 12-15 years and is licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for persons aged ≥16 (1). A randomized placebo-controlled trial demonstrated an efficacy of 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 75.3%-100%) in preventing outpatient COVID-19 in persons aged 12-15 years (2); however, data among adolescents on vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 in real-world settings are limited, especially among hospitalized patients. In early September 2021, U.S. pediatric COVID-19 hospitalizations reached the highest level during the pandemic (3,4). In a test-negative, case-control study at 19 pediatric hospitals in 16 states during June 1-September 30, 2021, the effectiveness of 2 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization was assessed among children and adolescents aged 12-18 years. Among 464 hospitalized persons aged 12-18 years (179 case-patients and 285 controls), the median age was 15 years, 72% had at least one underlying condition, including obesity, and 68% attended in-person school. Effectiveness of 2 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization was 93% (95% CI = 83%-97%), during the period when B.1.617.2 (Delta) was the predominant variant. This evaluation demonstrated that 2 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine are highly effective at preventing COVID-19 hospitalization among persons aged 12-18 years and reinforces the importance of vaccination to protect U.S. youths against severe COVID-19.

Published
2021

16. Breastfeeding Disparities and Their Mediators in an Urban Birth Cohort of Black and White Mothers.

Author

Morrow, Ardythe, McClain, Janelle, Conrey, Shannon, Niu, Liang, Kinzer, Alexandra, Cline, Allison, Piasecki, Alexandra, DeFranco, Emily, Ward, Laura, Ware, Julie, Payne, Daniel, Staat, Mary, and Nommsen-Rivers, Laurie

Subjects
breastfeeding, equity, health disparity, race, social determinants of health, Black or African American, Breast Feeding, Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Mothers, Pregnancy, Racial Groups, United States, White People
Abstract

Background: Black mothers in the United States have shorter breastfeeding (BF) durations and less exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) than others. The factors underlying these disparities require investigation. Methods: Using longitudinal data from a CDC-sponsored birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio, we analyzed the factors mediating racial disparity in BF outcomes. Study mothers were enrolled in prenatal clinics associated with two large birth hospitals. Analysis was restricted to racial groups with sufficient numbers in the cohort, non-Hispanic Black (n = 92) and White (n = 113) mothers, followed to at least 6 months postpartum. Results: Black mothers were 25 times more likely to reside in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods and 20 times more likely to have an annual household income

Published
2021

18. Multi-omics analysis of mucosal and systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 after birth

Author

Wimmers, Florian, Burrell, Allison R., Feng, Yupeng, Zheng, Hong, Arunachalam, Prabhu S., Hu, Mengyun, Spranger, Sara, Nyhoff, Lindsay E., Joshi, Devyani, Trisal, Meera, Awasthi, Mayanka, Bellusci, Lorenza, Ashraf, Usama, Kowli, Sangeeta, Konvinse, Katherine C., Yang, Emily, Blanco, Michael, Pellegrini, Kathryn, Tharp, Gregory, Hagan, Thomas, Chinthrajah, R. Sharon, Nguyen, Tran T., Grifoni, Alba, Sette, Alessandro, Nadeau, Kari C., Haslam, David B., Bosinger, Steven E., Wrammert, Jens, Maecker, Holden T., Utz, Paul J., Wang, Taia T., Khurana, Surender, Khatri, Purvesh, Staat, Mary A., and Pulendran, Bali

Published
2023
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19. Evaluation of association of anti-PEG antibodies with anaphylaxis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination

Author

Zhou, Zhao-Hua, Cortese, Margaret M., Fang, Jia-Long, Wood, Robert, Hummell, Donna S., Risma, Kimberly A., Norton, Allison E., KuKuruga, Mark, Kirshner, Susan, Rabin, Ronald L., Agarabi, Cyrus, Staat, Mary A., Halasa, Natasha, Ware, Russell E., Stahl, Anna, McMahon, Maureen, Browning, Peter, Maniatis, Panagiotis, Bolcen, Shanna, Edwards, Kathryn M., Su, John R., Dharmarajan, Sai, Forshee, Richard, Broder, Karen R., Anderson, Steven, and Kozlowski, Steven

Published
2023
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20. Early Estimate of Nirsevimab Effectiveness for Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Among Infants Entering Their First Respiratory Syncytial Virus Season--New Vaccine Surveillance Network, October 2023-February 2024

Author

Moline, Heidi L., Tannis, Ayzsa, Toepfer, Ariana P., Williams, John V., Boom, Julie A., Englund, Janet A., Halasa, Natasha B., Staat, Mary Allen, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Michaels, Marian G., Sahni, Leila C., Klein, Eileen J., Stewart, Laura S., Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Szilagyi, Peter G., Schuster, Jennifer E., Goldstein, Leah, Musa, Samar, Piedra, Pedro A., Zerr, Danielle M., Betters, Kristina A., Rohlfs, Chelsea, Albertin, Christina, Banerjee, Dithi, McKeever, Erin R., Kalman, Casey, Clopper, Benjamin R., McMorrow, Meredith L., and Dawood, Fatimah S.

Subjects
Merck & Company Inc., Palivizumab, Vaccination, Diseases -- Pennsylvania -- United States -- Ohio -- Texas, Infants, Vaccines, Pharmaceutical industry, Health
Abstract

Introduction Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in U.S. infants, responsible for 50,000-80,000 hospitalizations annually in children aged Methods Data Collection and Inclusion Criteria The New [...]

Published
2024

22. Contributors

Author

Abzug, Mark J., primary, Adderson, Elisabeth E., additional, Agarwal, Aastha, additional, Agwu, Allison L., additional, Albenberg, Lindsey, additional, Albert, Jonathan, additional, Alby, Kevin, additional, Aldrovandi, Grace M., additional, Allen, Upton D., additional, Alvarez-Hernndez, Gerardo, additional, Ampofo, Krow, additional, Anderson, Evan J., additional, Appiah, Grace D., additional, Ardura, Monica I., additional, Arnon, Stephen S., additional, Aronson, Naomi E., additional, Arvin, Ann M., additional, Ashkenazi, Shai, additional, Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Liat, additional, Asturias, Edwin J., additional, Aukstuolis, Kestutis, additional, Badalyan, Vahe, additional, Baker, Carol J., additional, Balakrishnan, Karthik, additional, Barnett, Elizabeth D., additional, Bechtel, Kirsten, additional, Benitz, William E., additional, Berkovich, Rachel, additional, Berman, David M., additional, Bialek, Stephanie R., additional, Bijker, Else M., additional, Bizzarro, Matthew J., additional, Bloch, Karen C., additional, Bocchini, Joseph A., additional, Boyce, Thomas G., additional, Bradley, John S., additional, Bratcher, Denise F., additional, Braverman, Paula K., additional, Brook, Itzhak, additional, Brown, Kevin Edward, additional, Bryant, Kristina P., additional, Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F., additional, Caete-Gibas, Connie F., additional, Cantey, Joseph B., additional, Cantey, Paul, additional, Cardemil, Cristina V., additional, Caserta, Mary T., additional, Castagnini, Luis A., additional, Cataldi, Jessica R., additional, Chadwick, Ellen Gould, additional, Chancey, Rebecca J., additional, Cherry, Cara C., additional, Chiang, Silvia S., additional, Choi, Mary, additional, Christenson, John C., additional, Coffin, Susan E., additional, Cohn, Amanda, additional, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina G., additional, Conway, James H., additional, Cortese, Margaret M., additional, Creech, C. Buddy, additional, Crews, Jonathan D., additional, Curtis, Donna, additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Danziger-Isakov, Lara A., additional, Darville, Toni, additional, Dasch, Gregory A., additional, Daskalaki, Irini, additional, Davies, H. Dele, additional, Dawood, Fatimah S., additional, Day, J. Christopher, additional, Teresa de la Morena, M., additional, DeMuri, Gregory P., additional, Despommier, Dickson D., additional, Dodson, Daniel S., additional, Dolgner, Stephen J., additional, Dunn, Clinton, additional, Dyal, Jonathan, additional, Edwards, Kathryn M., additional, Edwards, Morven S., additional, Eichenfield, Dawn Z., additional, Eichenfield, Lawrence F., additional, Elston, Dirk M., additional, Emerson, Beth, additional, Enane, Leslie A., additional, Ephros, Moshe, additional, Erdem, Guliz, additional, Eremeeva, Marina E., additional, Esposito, Douglas H., additional, Farley, Monica M., additional, Feingold, Anat R., additional, Feja, Kristina N., additional, Finn, Adam, additional, Fischer, Marc, additional, Fisher, Brian T., additional, Fisher, Randall G., additional, Flynn, Patricia Michele, additional, Foster, Monique A., additional, Fox, LeAnne M., additional, Frank, Michael M., additional, Fredrick, Douglas R., additional, Frenck, Robert W., additional, Gaensbauer, James, additional, Gans, Hayley A., additional, Gauthier, Gregory M., additional, Gavigan, Patrick, additional, Gerber, Jeffrey S., additional, Gernez, Yael, additional, Gigliotti, Francis, additional, Gilger, Mark A., additional, Glaser, Carol A., additional, Gould, Jane M., additional, Graziano, James, additional, Green, Amanda M., additional, Green, Michael, additional, Griffin, Daniel, additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Griffith, David C., additional, Gupta, Piyush, additional, Gutelius, Bruce J., additional, Gutman, Julie R., additional, Hall, Aron J., additional, Hamdy, Rana F., additional, Han, Jin-Young, additional, Handy, Lori K., additional, Hanisch, Benjamin, additional, Harper, Marvin B., additional, Harris, Aaron M., additional, Harrison, Christopher J., additional, Haslam, David B., additional, Haston, Julia C., additional, Hawkes, Sarah.J., additional, Heald-Sargent, Taylor, additional, Hendley, J. Owen, additional, Hersh, Adam L., additional, Hilinski, Joseph A., additional, Hills, Susan L., additional, Hong, David K., additional, Hotez, Peter J., additional, Hsu, Katherine K., additional, Huang, Felicia Scaggs, additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Hunt, W. Garrett, additional, Hwang, Loris Y., additional, Ilboudo, Christelle M., additional, Jaggi, Preeti, additional, Jean, Sophonie, additional, Jhaveri, Ravi, additional, Jirk-Pomajbkov, Kateina, additional, Kadry, Nadia A., additional, Kamb, Mary L., additional, Kapadia, Ronak K., additional, Katz, Ben Z., additional, Katz, Sophie E., additional, Kaur, Ishminder, additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Khan, Muhammad Ali, additional, Khurana, Ananta, additional, Kimberlin, David W., additional, Klein, Bruce, additional, Kobayashi, Miwako, additional, Kociolek, Larry K., additional, Koh, Andrew Y., additional, Kotloff, Karen L., additional, Kroger, Andrew T., additional, Kronman, Matthew P., additional, Lalor, Leah, additional, Lauren, Christine T., additional, Leber, Amy, additional, Leshem, Eyal, additional, Lewis, David B., additional, Livingston, Robyn A., additional, Llata, Eloisa, additional, Lloyd, Kevin, additional, Loh, Katrina, additional, Long, Sarah S., additional, Lopman, Benjamin A., additional, Lucero, Yalda C., additional, Lugo, Debra J., additional, Lujn-Zilbermann, Jorge, additional, Maldonado, Yvonne A., additional, Manaloor, John J., additional, Manthiram, Kalpana, additional, Martin, Stacey W., additional, Mathew, Roshni, additional, Mazzulli, Tony, additional, McFarland, Elizabeth J., additional, McGann, Kathleen A., additional, McNamara, Lucy A., additional, Meislich, Debrah, additional, Meissner, H. Cody, additional, Mejias, Asuncion, additional, Mertsola, Jussi, additional, Messacar, Kevin, additional, Mhaissen, Mohammad Nael, additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Miller, Melissa B., additional, Miller-Handley, Hilary, additional, Mintz, Eric, additional, Mohan, Parvathi, additional, Montgomery, Susan P., additional, Montoya, Jose G., additional, Moorman, Anne C., additional, Moro, Pedro L., additional, Moscicki, Anna-Barbara, additional, Muller, William J., additional, Myers, Angela L., additional, Nadel, Simon, additional, Nayak, Jennifer Lynn, additional, Neely, Michael Noel, additional, Neil, Karen P., additional, Nelson, Christina A., additional, Nelson, Noele P., additional, Nichols, Megin, additional, Nicholson, William, additional, Nopper, Amy Jo, additional, Norton, Laura E., additional, Ochoa, Theresa J., additional, Olarte, Liset, additional, Onarecker, Timothy R., additional, Orenstein, Walter A., additional, ORyan, Miguel, additional, Otto, William R., additional, Ouellette, Christopher P., additional, Paddock, Christopher D., additional, Palazzi, Debra L., additional, Panuganti, Suresh Kumar, additional, Pappas, Diane E., additional, Paret, Michal, additional, Pastula, Daniel M., additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Petersen, Brett W., additional, Petrosyan, Mikael, additional, Pickering, Larry K., additional, Pindyck, Talia, additional, Pinninti, Swetha, additional, Pittet, Laure F., additional, Planet, Paul J., additional, Pollard, Andrew J., additional, Posfay-Barbe, Klara M., additional, Poulsen, Casper S., additional, Poutanen, Susan M., additional, Powers, Ann M., additional, Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger, additional, Pritt, Bobbi S., additional, Prober, Charles G., additional, Puar, Neha, additional, Quilter, Laura A.S., additional, Ramilo, Octavio, additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Ratner, Adam J., additional, Rawstron, Sarah A., additional, Read, Jennifer S., additional, Relich, Ryan F., additional, Reller, Megan E., additional, Robinson, Candice L., additional, Romero, Jos R., additional, Rosen, David A., additional, Ross, Shannon A., additional, Rours, G. Ingrid J.G., additional, Rowe, Peter C., additional, Rowley, Anne H., additional, Rubin, Lorry G., additional, Ryan, Edward T., additional, Sacharok, Alexandra, additional, Sandora, Thomas J., additional, Sapp, Sarah G.H., additional, Sardana, Kabir, additional, Sauberan, Jason B., additional, Schaffzin, Joshua K., additional, Schillie, Sarah, additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Sederdahl, Bethany K., additional, Serpa-Alvarez, Jose, additional, Shah, Kara N., additional, Shah, Samir S., additional, Shaikh, Nader, additional, Shane, Andi L., additional, Shapiro, Eugene D., additional, Shaw, Jana, additional, Shetty, Avinash K., additional, Shope, Timothy R., additional, Dairiki Shortliffe, Linda M., additional, Shulman, Stanford T., additional, Shust, Gail F., additional, Siberry, George Kelly, additional, Siegel, Jane D., additional, Siegel, Robert David, additional, Simonsen, Kari A., additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Smith, Christiana, additional, Smith, Lauren L., additional, Song, Eunkyung, additional, Souder, Emily, additional, Spearman, Paul, additional, St. Geme, Joseph W., additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Staples, J. Erin, additional, Starke, Jeffrey R., additional, Statler, Victoria A., additional, Steinbach, William J., additional, Stensvold, Christen Rune, additional, Stokes, Erin K., additional, Stoner, Bradley P., additional, Storch, Gregory A., additional, Straily, Anne, additional, Sullivan, Kathleen E., additional, Swanson, Douglas S., additional, Tanz, Robert R., additional, Taormina, Gillian, additional, Tate, Jacqueline E., additional, Taveras, Jeanette, additional, Tebruegge, Marc, additional, Teshale, Eyasu H., additional, Thompson, George R., additional, Thompson-Stone, Robert, additional, Thomsen, Isaac, additional, Thomson, Richard B., additional, Thorell, Emily A., additional, Tien, Vivian, additional, Tobin, Nicole H., additional, Toltzis, Philip, additional, Treat, James, additional, Troy, Stephanie B., additional, Van Dvke, Russell B., additional, Vaz, Louise Elaine, additional, Vijayan, Vini, additional, Vodzak, Jennifer, additional, Wagner, Thor A., additional, Wald, Ellen R., additional, Wallihan, Rebecca, additional, Wang, Huanyu, additional, Wangu, Zoon, additional, Washam, Matthew, additional, Waters, Valerie, additional, Watson, Joshua R., additional, Weatherhead, Jill E., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Weng, Mark K., additional, Wiederhold, Nathan P., additional, Wiesenfeld, Harold C., additional, Williams, Cydni, additional, Williams, John V., additional, Willoughby, Rodney E., additional, Wittler, Robert R., additional, Wood, James B., additional, Woods, Charles Reece, additional, Workowski, Kimberly A., additional, Wright, Terry W., additional, Wu, Hsi-Yang, additional, Xu, Huan, additional, Yagupsky, Pablo, additional, Yi, Jumi, additional, Yoder, Jonathan, additional, Young, Edward J., additional, Zaenglein, Andrea L., additional, Zimmermann, Petra, additional, and Zong, Wenjing, additional

Published
2023
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23. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations in Children &lt;5 Years: 2016–2022

Author

McMorrow, Meredith L., primary, Moline, Heidi L., additional, Toepfer, Ariana P., additional, Halasa, Natasha B., additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Staat, Mary A., additional, Williams, John V., additional, Klein, Eileen J., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Clopper, Benjamin R., additional, Boom, Julie A., additional, Stewart, Laura S., additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Englund, Janet A., additional, Albertin, Christina S., additional, Mahon, Barbara E., additional, Hall, Aron J., additional, Sahni, Leila C., additional, and Curns, Aaron T., additional

Published
2024
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24. Cepheid Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV evaluation performed by minimally trained non-laboratory operators in a CLIA-waived environment

Author

Shihabuddin, Bashar S., Faron, Matthew L., Relich, Ryan F., Van Heukelom, Paul, Mayne, Donna, Staat, Mary Allen, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Hueschen, Leslie A., Wolk, Donna M., House, Stacey, Harnett, Glenn, McGann, Kevin, Steele, Mark T., Romero, Jose R., Arms, Joe, Lander, Owen, Loeffelholz, Michael, Strouts, Fiona, and Cohen, Daniel

Published
2022
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25. Risk Factors for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case-control Investigation

Author

Zambrano, Laura D., Wu, Michael J., Martin, Lora, Malloch, Lacy, Chen, Sabrina, Newhams, Margaret M., Kucukak, Suden, Son, Mary Beth, Sanders, Cameron, Patterson, Kayla, Halasa, Natasha, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Leroue, Matthew K., Hall, Mark, Irby, Katherine, Rowan, Courtney M., Wellnitz, Kari, Sahni, Leila C., Loftis, Laura, Bradford, Tamara T., Staat, Mary, Babbitt, Christopher, Carroll, Christopher L., Pannaraj, Pia S., Kong, Michele, Schuster, Jennifer E., Chou, Janet, Patel, Manish M., Randolph, Adrienne G., Campbell, Angela P., and Hobbs, Charlotte V.

Published
2023
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26. Interim Estimates of 2023-24 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness--United States

Author

Frutos, Aaron M., Price, Ashley M., Harker, Elizabeth, Reeves, Emily L., Ahmad, Haris M., Murugan, Vel, Martin, Emily T., House, Stacey, Saade, Elie A., Zimmerman, Richard K., Gaglani, Manjusha, Wernli, Karen J., Walter, Emmanuel B., Michaels, Marian G., Staat, Mary A., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Boom, Julie A., Klein, Eileen J., Halasa, Natasha B., Ginde, Adit A., Gibbs, Kevin W., Zhu, Yuwei, Self, Wesley H., Tartof, Sara Y., Klein, Nicola P., Dascomb, Kristin, DeSilva, Malini B., Weber, Zachary A., Yang, Duck-Hye, Ball, Sarah W., Surie, Diya, DeCuir, Jennifer, Dawood, Fatimah S., Moline, Heidi L., Toepfer, Ariana P., Clopper, Benjamin R., Link-Gelles, Ruth, Payne, Amanda B., Chung, Jessie R., Flannery, Brendan, Lewis, Nathaniel M., Olson, Samantha M., Adams, Katherine, Tenforde, Mark W., Garg, Shikha, Grohskopf, Lisa A., Reed, Carrie, and Ellington, Sascha

Subjects
United States. National Institutes of Health, Merck & Company Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vaccination -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Influenza vaccines -- Health aspects, Influenza -- Health aspects, Medical colleges -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects, Health, Vanderbilt University. Medical Center
Abstract

Introduction CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends annual influenza vaccination for all persons aged [greater than or equal to]6 months (1). During previous influenza seasons, influenza vaccination prevented hundreds [...]

Published
2024

27. SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology and COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Among Infants and Children Aged 6 Months-4 Years--New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, July 2022-September 2023

Author

Tannis, Ayzsa, Englund, Janet A., Perez, Ariana, Harker, Elizabeth J., Staat, Mary Allen, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Halasa, Natasha B., Stewart, Laura S., Williams, John V., Michaels, Marian G., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schuster, Jennifer E., Sahni, Leila C., Boom, Julie A., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Clopper, Benjamin R., Zhou, Yingtao, McMorrow, Meredith L., Klein, Eileen J., and Moline, Heidi L.

Subjects
United States. National Institutes of Health, Merck & Company Inc., Pfizer Inc., Vaccination, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Messenger RNA, Infection, Children -- Health aspects, Epidemiology, Vaccines, Disease susceptibility, Pharmaceutical industry, Health
Abstract

Introduction SARS-CoV-2 infection in young children and adolescents commonly manifests as a mild or asymptomatic illness; however, some children are at risk for severe disease, including those with certain chronic [...]

Published
2023

28. Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Gastroenteritis: 2009-2022.

Author

Diallo, Alpha Oumar, Wikswo, Mary E., Sulemana, Iddrisu, Sahni, Leila C., Boom, Julie A., Ramani, Sasirekha, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Moffatt, Mary E., Harrison, Christopher J., Halasa, Natasha, Chappell, James, Stewart, Laura, Staat, Mary Allen, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth, Quigley, Christina, Klein, Eileen J., Englund, Janet A., Zerr, Danielle M., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., and Szilagyi, Peter G.

Published
2024
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29. Evaluation of a Modified Vesikari Severity Score as a Research Tool for Assessing Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis.

Author

Wikswo, Mary E, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Szilagyi, Peter G, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Harrison, Christopher J, Klein, Eileen J, Englund, Janet A, Sahni, Leila C, Boom, Julie A, Halasa, Natasha B, Stewart, Laura S, Staat, Mary Allen, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, Azimi, Parvin H, Johnston, Samantha H, and Mirza, Sara A

Subjects
RISK assessment, PARENTS, JOB absenteeism, DISEASE duration, RESEARCH funding, RESEARCH methodology evaluation, RETROVIRUS diseases, HOSPITAL emergency services, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SEVERITY of illness index, GASTROENTERITIS, GUARDIAN & ward, VOMITING, COMPARATIVE studies, EVALUATION, CHILDREN
Abstract

A modified Vesikari severity score (MVSS) is a useful research tool for assessing severity of acute gastroenteritis. We present a MVSS for studies in which a follow-up assessment of symptoms cannot be obtained. The MVSS significantly correlated with other markers of severity, including illness duration and work and school absenteeism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Correlates of Rotavirus Vaccine Shedding and Seroconversion in a US Cohort of Healthy Infants.

Author

Burke, Rachel M, Payne, Daniel C, McNeal, Monica, Conrey, Shannon C, Burrell, Allison R, Mattison, Claire P, Casey-Moore, Mary C, Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica, Gautam, Rashi, Esona, Mathew D, Thorman, Alexander W, Bowen, Michael D, Parashar, Umesh D, Tate, Jacqueline E, Morrow, Ardythe L, and Staat, Mary A

Subjects
ROTAVIRUS vaccines, VACCINE immunogenicity, VACCINE effectiveness, GENERALIZED estimating equations, VIRAL vaccines
Abstract

Background Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe pediatric gastroenteritis; 2 highly effective vaccines are used in the United States (US). We aimed to identify correlates of immune response to rotavirus vaccination in a US cohort. Methods Pediatric Respiratory and Enteric Virus Acquisition and Immunogenesis Longitudinal (PREVAIL) is a birth cohort of 245 mother-child pairs enrolled in 2017–2018 and followed for 2 years. Infant stool samples and symptom information were collected weekly. Shedding was defined as reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction detection of rotavirus vaccine virus in stools collected 4–28 days after dose 1. Seroconversion was defined as a 3-fold rise in immunoglobulin A between the 6-week and 6-month blood draws. Correlates were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and logistic regression. Results Prevaccination immunoglobulin G (IgG) (odds ratio [OR], 0.84 [95% confidence interval {CI},.75–.94] per 100-unit increase) was negatively associated with shedding. Shedding was also less likely among infants with a single-nucleotide polymorphism inactivating FUT2 antigen secretion ("nonsecretors") with nonsecretor mothers, versus all other combinations (OR, 0.37 [95% CI,.16–.83]). Of 141 infants with data, 105 (74%) seroconverted; 78 (77%) had shed vaccine virus following dose 1. Prevaccination IgG and secretor status were significantly associated with seroconversion. Neither shedding nor seroconversion significantly differed by vaccine product. Conclusions In this US cohort, prevaccination IgG and maternal and infant secretor status were associated with rotavirus vaccine response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Clinical Features of Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Ambulatory Children Aged 5–13 Years

Author

Howard, Leigh M, Edwards, Kathryn M, Zhu, Yuwei, Griffin, Marie R, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Szilagyi, Peter G, Staat, Mary A, Payne, Daniel C, and Williams, John V

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Pneumonia, Pediatric, Lung, Pneumonia & Influenza, Infection, Adolescent, Ambulatory Care, Child, Child, Preschool, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Male, Metapneumovirus, Paramyxoviridae Infections, Respiratory Tract Infections, United States, acute respiratory illness, human metapneumovirus, older children, Medical microbiology, Paediatrics
Abstract

We detected human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in 54 (5%) of 1055 children aged 5 to 13 years with acute respiratory illness (ARI) identified by outpatient and emergency department surveillance between November and May 2003-2009. Its clinical features were similar to those of HMPV-negative ARI, except a diagnosis of pneumonia was more likely (13% vs 4%, respectively; P = .005) and a diagnosis of pharyngitis (7% vs 24%, respectively; P = .005) was less likely in patients with HMPV- positive ARI than those with HMPV-negative ARI.

Published
2018

32. Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Author

Zhou, Ying, primary, Leahy, Karen, additional, Grose, Andrew, additional, Lykins, Joseph, additional, Siddiqui, Maryam, additional, Leong, Nicole, additional, Goodall, Perpetua, additional, Withers, Shawn, additional, Ashi, Kevin, additional, Schrantz, Stephen, additional, Tesic, Vera, additional, Abeleda, Ana Precy, additional, Beavis, Kathleen, additional, Clouser, Fatima, additional, Ismail, Mahmoud, additional, Christmas, Monica, additional, Piarroux, Raphael, additional, Limonne, Denis, additional, Chapey, Emmanuelle, additional, Abraham, Sylvie, additional, Baird, Isabelle, additional, Thibodeau, Juliette, additional, Boyer, Kenneth M., additional, Torres, Elizabeth, additional, Conrey, Shannon, additional, Wang, Kanix, additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Back, Nancy, additional, L’Ollivier, Coralie, additional, Mahinc, Caroline, additional, Flori, Pierre, additional, Gomez-Marin, Jorge, additional, Peyron, Francois, additional, Houzé, Sandrine, additional, Wallon, Martine, additional, and McLeod, Rima, additional

Published
2024
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33. Accuracy of Influenza ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes in Identifying Influenza Illness in Children

Author

Antoon, James W., primary, Stopczynski, Tess, additional, Amarin, Justin Z., additional, Stewart, Laura S., additional, Boom, Julie A., additional, Sahni, Leila C., additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Williams, John V., additional, Englund, Janet A., additional, Klein, Eileen J., additional, Staat, Mary A., additional, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Szilagyi, Peter G., additional, Perez, Ariana, additional, Moline, Heidi L., additional, Spieker, Andrew J., additional, Grijalva, Carlos G., additional, Olson, Samantha M., additional, and Halasa, Natasha B., additional

Published
2024
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34. Endemic Coronavirus Infections are Associated with Strong Homotypic Immunity in a US Cohort of Children from Birth to 4 Years

Author

Morrow, Ardythe L, primary, Payne, Daniel C, additional, Conrey, Shannon C, additional, McMorrow, Meredith, additional, McNeal, Monica M, additional, Niu, Liang, additional, Burrell, Allison R, additional, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, additional, Mattison, Claire, additional, Burke, Rachel M, additional, DeFranco, Emily, additional, Teoh, Zheyi, additional, Wrammert, Jens, additional, Atherton, Lydia J, additional, Thornburg, Natalie J, additional, and Staat, Mary A, additional

Published
2024
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35. Medical Costs of RSV-associated Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits in Children Aged <5 years: Observational Findings from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN), 2016-2019

Author

Clopper, Benjamin R., primary, Zhou, Yingtao, additional, Tannis, Ayzsa, additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Rice, Marilyn, additional, Boom, Julie A., additional, Sahni, Leila C., additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Harrison, Christopher J., additional, Halasa, Natasha B., additional, Stewart, Laura S., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Szilagyi, Peter G., additional, Klein, Eileen J., additional, Englund, Janet A., additional, Rha, Brian, additional, Lively, Joana Y., additional, Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R., additional, McMorrow, Meredith L., additional, and Moline, Heidi L., additional

Published
2024
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36. Data-driven clustering identifies features distinguishing multisystem inflammatory syndrome from acute COVID-19 in children and adolescents

Author

Geva, Alon, Patel, Manish M., Newhams, Margaret M., Young, Cameron C., Son, Mary Beth F., Kong, Michele, Maddux, Aline B., Hall, Mark W., Riggs, Becky J., Singh, Aalok R., Giuliano, John S., Hobbs, Charlotte V., Loftis, Laura L., McLaughlin, Gwenn E., Schwartz, Stephanie P., Schuster, Jennifer E., Babbitt, Christopher J., Halasa, Natasha B., Gertz, Shira J., Doymaz, Sule, Hume, Janet R., Bradford, Tamara T., Irby, Katherine, Carroll, Christopher L., McGuire, John K., Tarquinio, Keiko M., Rowan, Courtney M., Mack, Elizabeth H., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Spinella, Philip C., Staat, Mary A., Clouser, Katharine N., Soma, Vijaya L., Dapul, Heda, Maamari, Mia, Bowens, Cindy, Havlin, Kevin M., Mourani, Peter M., Heidemann, Sabrina M., Horwitz, Steven M., Feldstein, Leora R., Tenforde, Mark W., Newburger, Jane W., Mandl, Kenneth D., and Randolph, Adrienne G.

Published
2021
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37. Maternal Vaccination and Risk of Hospitalization for Covid-19 Among Infants

Author

Halasa, Natasha B., Olson, Samantha M., Staat, Mary A., Newhams, Margaret M., Price, Ashley M., Pannaraj, Pia S., Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Chiotos, Kathleen, Cameron, Melissa A., Bline, Katherine E., Hobbs, Charlotte V., Maddux, Aline B., Coates, Bria M., Michelson, Kelly N., Heidemann, Sabrina M., Irby, Katherine, Nofziger, Ryan A., Mack, Elizabeth H., Smallcomb, Laura, Schwartz, Stephanie P., Walker, Tracie C., Gertz, Shira J., Schuster, Jennifer E., Kamidani, Satoshi, Tarquinio, Keiko M., Bhumbra, Samina S., Maamari, Mia, Hume, Janet R., Crandall, Hillary, Levy, Emily R., Zinter, Matt S., Bradford, Tamara T., Flori, Heidi R., Cullimore, Melissa L., Kong, Michele, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Gilboa, Suzanne M., Polen, Kara N., Campbell, Angela P., Randolph, Adrienne G., and Patel, Manish M.

Published
2023
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38. Understanding Variation in Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness Estimates in the United States: The Role of Rotavirus Activity and Diagnostic Misclassification

Author

Amin, Avnika B., Lash, Timothy L., Tate, Jacqueline E., Waller, Lance A., Wikswo, Mary E., Parashar, Umesh D., Stewart, Laura S., Chappell, James D., Halasa, Natasha B., Williams, John V., Michaels, Marian G., Hickey, Robert W., Klein, Eileen J., Englund, Janet A., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Staat, Mary Allen, McNeal, Monica M., Boom, Julie A., Sahni, Leila C., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Harrison, Christopher J., Moffatt, Mary E., Schuster, Jennifer E., Pahud, Barbara A., Weddle, Gina M., Azimi, Parvin H., Johnston, Samantha H., Payne, Daniel C., Bowen, Michael D., and Lopman, Benjamin A.

Published
2022
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39. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations in Children <5 Years: 2016-2022.

Author

McMorrow, Meredith L., Moline, Heidi L., Toepfer, Ariana P., Halasa, Natasha B., Schuster, Jennifer E., Staat, Mary A., Williams, John V., Klein, Eileen J., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Clopper, Benjamin R., Boom, Julie A., Stewart, Laura S., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Michaels, Marian G., Englund, Janet A., Albertin, Christina S., Mahon, Barbara E., Hall, Aron J., and Sahni, Leila C.

Published
2024
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40. Reemergence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections in Children and Adolescents After the COVID-19 Pandemic, United States, 2018-2024

Author

Edens, Chris, Clopper, Benjamin R., DeVies, Jourdan, Benitez, Alvaro, McKeever, Erin R., Johns, Dylan, Wolff, Bernard, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Schuster, Jennifer E., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Szilagyi, Peter G., Dawood, Fatimah S., Radhakrishnan, Lakshmi, Quigley, Christina, Sahni, Leila C., Halasa, Natasha, Stewart, Laura S., McMorrow, Meredith L., Whitaker, Brett, Zerr, Danielle M., Avadhanula, Vasanthi, Williams, John V., Michaels, Marian G., Kite-Powell, Aaron, Englund, Janet A., Staat, Mary Allen, Hartnett, Kathleen, Moline, Heidi L., Cohen, Adam L., and Diaz, Maureen

Subjects
Bacterial pneumonia -- Health aspects, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Health aspects, Pneumonia -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory infections, particularly in school-aged children. Most infections display as a mild respiratory illness sometimes referred to as 'walking pneumonia.' However, some persons [...]

Published
2024

41. Notes from the Field: Reemergence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections in Children and Adolescents After the COVID-19 Pandemic, United States, 2018–2024

Author

Edens, Chris, primary, Clopper, Benjamin R., additional, DeVies, Jourdan, additional, Benitez, Alvaro, additional, McKeever, Erin R., additional, Johns, Dylan, additional, Wolff, Bernard, additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Szilagyi, Peter G., additional, Dawood, Fatimah S., additional, Radhakrishnan, Lakshmi, additional, Quigley, Christina, additional, Sahni, Leila C., additional, Halasa, Natasha, additional, Stewart, Laura S., additional, McMorrow, Meredith L., additional, Whitaker, Brett, additional, Zerr, Danielle M., additional, Avadhanula, Vasanthi, additional, Williams, John V., additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Kite-Powell, Aaron, additional, Englund, Janet A., additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Hartnett, Kathleen, additional, Moline, Heidi L., additional, Cohen, Adam L., additional, and Diaz, Maureen, additional

Published
2024
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42. Factors Associated With Prolonged Respiratory Virus Detection From Polymerase Chain Reaction of Nasal Specimens Collected Longitudinally in Healthy Children in a US Birth Cohort

Author

Teoh, Zheyi, primary, Conrey, Shannon, additional, McNeal, Monica, additional, Burrell, Allison, additional, Burke, Rachel M, additional, Mattison, Claire P, additional, McMorrow, Meredith, additional, Thornburg, Natalie, additional, Payne, Daniel C, additional, Morrow, Ardythe L, additional, and Staat, Mary Allen, additional

Published
2024
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43. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children &lt;5 Years Old: 2016 to 2020

Author

Curns, Aaron T., primary, Rha, Brian, additional, Lively, Joana Y., additional, Sahni, Leila C., additional, Englund, Janet A., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, Halasa, Natasha B., additional, Staat, Mary A., additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Michaels, Marian, additional, Moline, Heidi, additional, Zhou, Yingtao, additional, Perez, Ariana, additional, Rohlfs, Chelsea, additional, Hickey, Robert, additional, Lacombe, Kirsten, additional, McHenry, Rendie, additional, Whitaker, Brett, additional, Schuster, Jennifer, additional, Pulido, Claudia Guevara, additional, Strelitz, Bonnie, additional, Quigley, Christina, additional, DNP, Gina Weddle, additional, Avadhanula, Vasanthi, additional, Harrison, Christopher J., additional, Stewart, Laura S., additional, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth, additional, Szilagyi, Peter G., additional, Klein, Eileen J., additional, Boom, Julie, additional, Williams, John V., additional, Langley, Gayle, additional, Gerber, Susan I., additional, Hall, Aron J., additional, and McMorrow, Meredith L., additional

Published
2024
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44. Rotavirus Strain Trends During the Postlicensure Vaccine Era: United States, 2008–2013

Author

Bowen, Michael D, Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica, Esona, Mathew D, Teel, Elizabeth N, Gautam, Rashi, Sturgeon, Michele, Azimi, Parvin H, Baker, Carol J, Bernstein, David I, Boom, Julie A, Chappell, James, Donauer, Stephanie, Edwards, Kathryn M, Englund, Janet A, Halasa, Natasha B, Harrison, Christopher J, Johnston, Samantha H, Klein, Eileen J, McNeal, Monica M, Moffatt, Mary E, Rench, Marcia A, Sahni, Leila C, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Staat, Mary A, Szilagyi, Peter G, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Wikswo, Mary E, Parashar, Umesh D, and Payne, Daniel C

Subjects
Prevention, Vaccine Related, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Child, Child, Preschool, Epidemiological Monitoring, Female, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Male, Rotavirus, Rotavirus Infections, Rotavirus Vaccines, United States, rotavirus, genotype, prevalence, surveillance, vaccine, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

BackgroundGroup A rotaviruses (RVA) are a significant cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) has conducted active surveillance for RVA at pediatric hospitals and emergency departments at 3-7 geographically diverse sites in the United States since 2006.MethodsOver 6 consecutive years, from 2008 to 2013, 1523 samples from NVSN sites that were tested positive by a Rotaclone enzyme immunoassay were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for genotyping.ResultsIn the 2009, 2010, and 2011 seasons, genotype G3P[8] was the predominant genotype throughout the network, with a 46%-84% prevalence. In the 2012 season, G12P[8] replaced G3P[8] as the most common genotype, with a 70% prevalence, and this trend persisted in 2013 (68.0% prevalence). Vaccine (RotaTeq; Rotarix) strains were detected in 0.6%-3.4% of genotyped samples each season. Uncommon and unusual strains (eg, G8P[4], G3P[24], G2P[8], G3P[4], G3P[6], G24P[14], G4P[6], and G9P[4]) were detected sporadically over the study period. Year, study site, and race were found to be significant predictors of genotype.ConclusionsContinued active surveillance is needed to monitor RVA genotypes in the United States and to detect potential changes since vaccine licensure.

Published
2016

45. Enterovirus D68–Associated Acute Respiratory Illness — New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, July–October, 2017 and 2018

Author

Kujawski, Stephanie A., Midgley, Claire M., Rha, Brian, Lively, Joana Y., Nix, W. Allan, Curns, Aaron T., Payne, Daniel C., Englund, Janet A., Boom, Julie A., Williams, John V., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Staat, Mary A., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Halasa, Natasha B., Klein, Eileen J., Sahni, Leila C., Michaels, Marian G., Shelley, Lynne, McNeal, Monica, Harrison, Christopher J., Stewart, Laura S., Lopez, Adriana S., Routh, Janell A., Patel, Manisha, Oberste, M. Steven, Watson, John T., and Gerber, Susan I.

Published
2019

46. Long-term Consistency in Rotavirus Vaccine Protection: RV5 and RV1 Vaccine Effectiveness in US Children, 2012–2013

Author

Payne, Daniel C, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Azimi, Parvin H, Boom, Julie A, Englund, Janet A, Staat, Mary Allen, Halasa, Natasha B, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Szilagyi, Peter G, Chappell, James, McNeal, Monica, Klein, Eileen J, Sahni, Leila C, Johnston, Samantha H, Harrison, Christopher J, Baker, Carol J, Bernstein, David I, Moffatt, Mary E, Tate, Jacqueline E, Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica, Esona, Mathew D, Wikswo, Mary E, Curns, Aaron T, Sulemana, Iddrisu, Bowen, Michael D, Gentsch, Jon R, and Parashar, Umesh D

Subjects
Prevention, Health Services, Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Patient Safety, Clinical Research, Vaccine Related, Pediatric, Digestive Diseases, 3.4 Vaccines, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Infection, Antigens, Viral, Child, Child, Preschool, Emergency Medical Services, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Epidemiological Monitoring, Feces, Female, Gastroenteritis, Genotype, Hospitalization, Humans, Infant, Male, RNA, Viral, Rotavirus Infections, Rotavirus Vaccines, Treatment Outcome, United States, Vaccines, Attenuated, rotavirus vaccine, RV1-Rotarix, RV5-RotaTeq, acute gastroenteritis, surveillance, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

BackgroundUsing a multicenter, active surveillance network from 2 rotavirus seasons (2012 and 2013), we assessed the vaccine effectiveness of RV5 (RotaTeq) and RV1 (Rotarix) rotavirus vaccines in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits for numerous demographic and secular strata.MethodsWe enrolled children hospitalized or visiting the ED with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) for the 2012 and 2013 seasons at 7 medical institutions. Stool specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped, and rotavirus vaccination histories were compared for rotavirus-positive cases and rotavirus-negative AGE controls. We calculated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) for preventing rotavirus associated hospitalizations and ED visits for each vaccine, stratified by vaccine dose, season, clinical setting, age, predominant genotype, and ethnicity.ResultsRV5-specific VE analyses included 2961 subjects, 402 rotavirus cases (14%) and 2559 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV1-specific VE analyses included 904 subjects, 100 rotavirus cases (11%), and 804 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Over the 2 rotavirus seasons, the VE for a complete 3-dose vaccination with RV5 was 80% (confidence interval [CI], 74%-84%), and VE for a complete 2-dose vaccination with RV1 was 80% (CI, 68%-88%).Statistically significant VE was observed for each year of life for which sufficient data allowed analysis (7 years for RV5 and 3 years for RV1). Both vaccines provided statistically significant genotype-specific protection against predominant circulating rotavirus strains.ConclusionsIn this large, geographically and demographically diverse sample of US children, we observed that RV5 and RV1 rotavirus vaccines each provided a lasting and broadly heterologous protection against rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Published
2015

47. CrAssphage as a Novel Tool to Detect Human Fecal Contamination on Environmental Surfaces and Hands

Author

Park, Geun Woo, Ng, Terry Fei Fan, Freeland, Amy L., Marconi, Vincent C., Boom, Julie A., Staat, Mary A., Montmayeur, Anna Maria, Browne, Hannah, Narayanan, Jothikumar, Payne, Daniel C., Cardemil, Cristina V., Treffiletti, Aimee, and Vinje, Jan

Subjects
Microbial contamination -- Analysis, Norovirus -- Identification and classification -- Health aspects, DNA sequencing -- Methods, Health
Abstract

Hygienic practices, including disinfection of environmental surfaces, are important to reduce exposure to pathogens that spread through fecaloral transmission. Thus, monitoring of human fecal contamination and identifying the source of [...]

Published
2020
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48. Seasonality, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease by Subtype Among Children Aged <5 Years: New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, 2016–2020.

Author

Toepfer, Ariana P, Amarin, Justin Z, Spieker, Andrew J, Stewart, Laura S, Staat, Mary Allen, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, Szilagyi, Peter G, Englund, Janet A, Klein, Eileen J, Michaels, Marian G, Williams, John V, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Harrison, Christopher J, Lively, Joana Y, Piedra, Pedro A, Avadhanula, Vasanthi, Rha, Brian, Chappell, James, and McMorrow, Meredith

Subjects
PUBLIC health surveillance, SEASONS, RESEARCH funding, INTERVIEWING, HOSPITAL care, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections, EVALUATION of medical care, SEVERITY of illness index, AGE distribution, HOSPITAL emergency services, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, LONGITUDINAL method, VIRAL vaccines, MEDICAL records, ACQUISITION of data, TIME
Abstract

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illnesses in children. RSV can be broadly categorized into 2 major subtypes: A and B. RSV subtypes have been known to cocirculate with variability in different regions of the world. Clinical associations with viral subtype have been studied among children with conflicting findings such that no conclusive relationships between RSV subtype and severity have been established. Methods During 2016–2020, children aged <5 years were enrolled in prospective surveillance in the emergency department or inpatient settings at 7 US pediatric medical centers. Surveillance data collection included parent/guardian interviews, chart reviews, and collection of midturbinate nasal plus/minus throat swabs for RSV (RSV-A, RSV-B, and untyped) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Among 6398 RSV-positive children aged <5 years, 3424 (54%) had subtype RSV-A infections, 2602 (41%) had subtype RSV-B infections, and 272 (5%) were not typed, inconclusive, or mixed infections. In both adjusted and unadjusted analyses, RSV-A–positive children were more likely to be hospitalized, as well as when restricted to <1 year. By season, RSV-A and RSV-B cocirculated in varying levels, with 1 subtype dominating proportionally. Conclusions Findings indicate that RSV-A and RSV-B may only be marginally clinically distinguishable, but both subtypes are associated with medically attended illness in children aged <5 years. Furthermore, circulation of RSV subtypes varies substantially each year, seasonally and geographically. With introduction of new RSV prevention products, this highlights the importance of continued monitoring of RSV-A and RSV-B subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children <5 Years Old: 2016 to 2020.

Author

Curns, Aaron T., Rha, Brian, Lively, Joana Y., Sahni, Leila C., Englund, Janet A., Weinberg, Geoffrey A., Halasa, Natasha B., Staat, Mary A., Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Michaels, Marian, Moline, Heidi, Yingtao Zhou, Perez, Ariana, Rohlfs, Chelsea, Hickey, Robert, Lacombe, Kirsten, McHenry, Rendie, Whitaker, Brett, Schuster, Jennifer, and Pulido, Claudia Guevara

Published
2024
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50. 2644. Presence of Respiratory Viruses in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Febrile Infants ≤90 Days Old is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Invasive Bacterial Infection

Author

Nicholson, Erin G, primary, Stopczynski, Tess, additional, Sahni, Leila C, additional, Avadhanula, Vasanthi, additional, Piedra, Pedro A, additional, Amarin, Justin Z, additional, Chappell, James, additional, Klein, Eileen J, additional, Englund, Janet A, additional, Williams, John V, additional, Michaels, Marian G, additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A, additional, Szilagyi, Peter G, additional, Schuster, Jennifer E, additional, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, additional, Staat, Mary A, additional, Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P, additional, Burkel, Veronica, additional, Moline, Heidi L, additional, Halasa, Natasha B, additional, and Boom, Julie A, additional

Published
2023
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