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1. Author Correction: Integrative genetic analysis illuminates ALS heritability and identifies risk genes

Author: Salim Megat, Natalia Mora, Jason Sanogo, Olga Roman, Alberto Catanese, Najwa Ouali Alami, Axel Freischmidt, Xhuljana Mingaj, Hortense De Calbiac, François Muratet, Sylvie Dirrig-Grosch, Stéphane Dieterle, Nick Van Bakel, Kathrin Müller, Kirsten Sieverding, Jochen Weishaupt, Peter Munch Andersen, Markus Weber, Christoph Neuwirth, Markus Margelisch, Andreas Sommacal, Kristel R. Van Eijk, Jan H. Veldink, Project Mine Als Sequencing Consortium, Géraldine Lautrette, Philippe Couratier, Agnès Camuzat, Isabelle Le Ber, Maurizio Grassano, Adriano Chio, Tobias Boeckers, Albert C. Ludolph, Francesco Roselli, Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke, Stéphanie Millecamps, Edor Kabashi, Erik Storkebaum, Chantal Sellier, and Luc Dupuis
Subjects: Science
Published: 2023
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2. Integrative genetic analysis illuminates ALS heritability and identifies risk genes

Author: Salim Megat, Natalia Mora, Jason Sanogo, Olga Roman, Alberto Catanese, Najwa Ouali Alami, Axel Freischmidt, Xhuljana Mingaj, Hortense De Calbiac, François Muratet, Sylvie Dirrig-Grosch, Stéphane Dieterle, Nick Van Bakel, Kathrin Müller, Kirsten Sieverding, Jochen Weishaupt, Peter Munch Andersen, Markus Weber, Christoph Neuwirth, Markus Margelisch, Andreas Sommacal, Kristel R. Van Eijk, Jan H. Veldink, Project Mine Als Sequencing Consortium, Géraldine Lautrette, Philippe Couratier, Agnès Camuzat, Isabelle Le Ber, Maurizio Grassano, Adriano Chio, Tobias Boeckers, Albert C. Ludolph, Francesco Roselli, Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke, Stéphanie Millecamps, Edor Kabashi, Erik Storkebaum, Chantal Sellier, and Luc Dupuis
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has substantial heritability, in part shared with fronto-temporal dementia (FTD). We show that ALS heritability is enriched in splicing variants and in binding sites of 6 RNA-binding proteins including TDP-43 and FUS. A transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) identified 6 loci associated with ALS, including in NUP50 encoding for the nucleopore basket protein NUP50. Independently, rare variants in NUP50 were associated with ALS risk (P = 3.71.10−03; odds ratio = 3.29; 95%CI, 1.37 to 7.87) in a cohort of 9,390 ALS/FTD patients and 4,594 controls. Cells from one patient carrying a NUP50 frameshift mutation displayed a decreased level of NUP50. Loss of NUP50 leads to death of cultured neurons, and motor defects in Drosophila and zebrafish. Thus, our study identifies alterations in splicing in neurons as critical in ALS and provides genetic evidence linking nuclear pore defects to ALS.
Published: 2023
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3. The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis M114T PFN1 Mutation Deregulates Alternative Autophagy Pathways and Mitochondrial Homeostasis

Author: Elisa Teyssou, Laura Chartier, Delphine Roussel, Nirma D. Perera, Ivan Nemazanyy, Dominique Langui, Mélanie Albert, Thierry Larmonier, Safaa Saker, François Salachas, Pierre-François Pradat, Vincent Meininger, Philippe Ravassard, Francine Côté, Christian S. Lobsiger, Séverine Boillée, Bradley J. Turner, Danielle Seilhean, and Stéphanie Millecamps
Subjects: ALS, genetics, mutations, alternative autophagy, RAB9, mitochondrial homeostasis, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Mutations in profilin 1 (PFN1) have been identified in rare familial cases of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). PFN1 is involved in multiple pathways that could intervene in ALS pathology. However, the specific pathogenic role of PFN1 mutations in ALS is still not fully understood. We hypothesized that PFN1 could play a role in regulating autophagy pathways and that PFN1 mutations could disrupt this function. We used patient cells (lymphoblasts) or tissue (post-mortem) carrying PFN1 mutations (M114T and E117G), and designed experimental models expressing wild-type or mutant PFN1 (cell lines and novel PFN1 mice established by lentiviral transgenesis) to study the effects of PFN1 mutations on autophagic pathway markers. We observed no accumulation of PFN1 in the spinal cord of one E117G mutation carrier. Moreover, in patient lymphoblasts and transfected cell lines, the M114T mutant PFN1 protein was unstable and deregulated the RAB9-mediated alternative autophagy pathway involved in the clearance of damaged mitochondria. In vivo, motor neurons expressing M114T mutant PFN1 showed mitochondrial abnormalities. Our results demonstrate that the M114T PFN1 mutation is more deleterious than the E117G variant in patient cells and experimental models and suggest a role for the RAB9-dependent autophagic pathway in ALS.
Published: 2022
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4. Oxidation of SQSTM1/p62 mediates the link between redox state and protein homeostasis

Author: Bernadette Carroll, Elsje G. Otten, Diego Manni, Rhoda Stefanatos, Fiona M. Menzies, Graham R. Smith, Diana Jurk, Niall Kenneth, Simon Wilkinson, Joao F. Passos, Johannes Attems, Elizabeth A. Veal, Elisa Teyssou, Danielle Seilhean, Stéphanie Millecamps, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Agnieszka K. Bronowska, David C. Rubinsztein, Alberto Sanz, and Viktor I. Korolchuk
Subjects: Science
Abstract: The cellular mechanisms underlying autophagy are conserved; however it is unclear how they evolved in higher organisms. Here the authors identify two oxidation-sensitive cysteine residues in the autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 in vertebrates which allow activation of pro-survival autophagy in stress conditions.
Published: 2018
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5. Clinical and Molecular Landscape of ALS Patients with SOD1 Mutations: Novel Pathogenic Variants and Novel Phenotypes. A Single ALS Center Study

Author: Emilien Bernard, Antoine Pegat, Juliette Svahn, Françoise Bouhour, Pascal Leblanc, Stéphanie Millecamps, Stéphane Thobois, Claire Guissart, Serge Lumbroso, and Kevin Mouzat
Subjects: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, copper zinc superoxide dismutase 1, SOD1, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Mutations in the copper zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene are the second most frequent cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Nearly 200 mutations of this gene have been described so far. We report all SOD1 pathogenic variants identified in patients followed in the single ALS center of Lyon, France, between 2010 and 2020. Twelve patients from 11 unrelated families are described, including two families with the not yet described H81Y and D126N mutations. Splice site mutations were detected in two families. We discuss implications concerning genetic screening of SOD1 gene in familial and sporadic ALS.
Published: 2020
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6. Neurofilament accumulations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients’ motor neurons impair axonal initial segment integrity

Author: Cynthia Lefebvre-Omar, Elise Liu, Carine Dalle, Boris Lamotte d’Incamps, Stéphanie Bigou, Clément Daube, Léa Karpf, Marc Davenne, Noémie Robil, Coline Jost Mousseau, Stéphane Blanchard, Guillaume Tournaire, Charles Nicaise, François Salachas, Lucette Lacomblez, Danielle Seilhean, Christian S. Lobsiger, Stéphanie Millecamps, Séverine Boillée, and Delphine Bohl
Subjects: Pharmacology, Motoneurons, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Neurofilaments, Degeneration, Molecular Medicine, Human induced pluripotent stem cells, Cell Biology, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Axonal initial segment, Molecular Biology
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron (MN) disease in adults with no curative treatment. Neurofilament (NF) level in patient’ fluids have recently emerged as the prime biomarker of ALS disease progression, while NF accumulation in MNs of patients is the oldest and one of the best pathological hallmarks. However, the way NF accumulations could lead to MN degeneration remains unknown. To assess NF accumulations and study the impact on MNs, we compared MNs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of patients carrying mutations in C9orf72, SOD1 and TARDBP genes, the three main ALS genetic causes. We show that in all mutant MNs, light NF (NF-L) chains rapidly accumulate in MN soma, while the phosphorylated heavy/medium NF (pNF-M/H) chains pile up in axonal proximal regions of only C9orf72 and SOD1 MNs. Excitability abnormalities were also only observed in these latter MNs. We demonstrate that the integrity of the MN axonal initial segment (AIS), the region of action potential initiation and responsible for maintaining axonal integrity, is impaired in the presence of pNF-M/H accumulations in C9orf72 and SOD1 MNs. We establish a strong correlation between these pNF-M/H accumulations, an AIS distal shift, increased axonal calibers and modified repartition of sodium channels. The results expand our understanding of how NF accumulation could dysregulate components of the axonal cytoskeleton and disrupt MN homeostasis. With recent cumulative evidence that AIS alterations are implicated in different brain diseases, preserving AIS integrity could have important therapeutic implications for ALS.
Published: 2023

7. Modifying macrophages at the periphery has the capacity to change microglial reactivity and to extend ALS survival

Author: Matthieu Ribon, Lorenzo Schiaffino, Christian S Lobsiger, Michel Mallat, Pierre de la Grange, Félix Berriat, Danielle Seilhean, Delphine Bohl, Charlène Iltis, Séverine Boillée, Aude Chiot, Sakina Zaïdi, Ariane Jolly, Stéphanie Millecamps, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), GenoSplice [Paris], Département de Neuropathologie, APHP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France., and CHIOT, Aude
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Therapeutic gene modulation, MESH: Axons, Myeloid, MESH: Mice, Transgenic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, Proinflammatory cytokine, MESH: Spinal Cord, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, medicine, MESH: Animals, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, MESH: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Humans, Microglia, Chemistry, General Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, MESH: Macrophages, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Cell biology, MESH: Microglia, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Sciatic Nerve, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sciatic nerve, MESH: Female, Neuroscience, MESH: Motor Neurons, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Microglia and peripheral macrophages have both been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although their respective roles have yet to be determined. We now show that macrophages along peripheral motor neuron axons in mouse models and patients with ALS react to neurodegeneration. In ALS mice, peripheral myeloid cell infiltration into the spinal cord was limited and depended on disease duration. Targeted gene modulation of the reactive oxygen species pathway in peripheral myeloid cells of ALS mice, using cell replacement, reduced both peripheral macrophage and microglial activation, delayed symptoms and increased survival. Transcriptomics revealed that sciatic nerve macrophages and microglia reacted differently to neurodegeneration, with abrupt temporal changes in macrophages and progressive, unidirectional activation in microglia. Modifying peripheral macrophages suppressed proinflammatory microglial responses, with a shift toward neuronal support. Thus, modifying macrophages at the periphery has the capacity to influence disease progression and may be of therapeutic value for ALS.
Published: 2020

8. Phenoconversion from Spastic Paraplegia to ALS/FTD Associated with CYP7B1 Compound Heterozygous Mutations

Author: Julian Theuriet, Antoine Pegat, Pascal Leblanc, Sandra Vukusic, Cécile Cazeneuve, Stéphanie Millecamps, Guillaume Banneau, Marine Guillaud-Bataille, Emilien Bernard, Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Neuroradiologie [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité fonctionnelle de neurogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5
Subjects: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, CYP7B1, Genetics, Case Report, ALS/FTD, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], QH426-470, hereditary spastic paraplegia, SPG5, frontotemporal dementia, nervous system diseases
Abstract: Biallelic mutations in the CYP7B1 gene lead to spastic paraplegia-5 (SPG5). We report herein the case of a patient whose clinical symptoms began with progressive lower limb spasticity during childhood, and who secondly developed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) at the age of 67 years. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) gene analysis identified the compound heterozygous mutations c.825T>A (pTyr275*) and c.1193C>T (pPro398Leu) in CYP7B1 gene. No other pathogenic variant in frequent ALS/FTD causative genes was found. The CYP7B1 gene seems, therefore, to be the third gene associated with the phenoconversion from HSP to ALS, after the recently described UBQLN2 and ERLIN2 genes. We therefore expand the phenotype associated with CYP7B1 biallelic mutations and make an assumption about a link between cholesterol dyshomeostasis and ALS/FTD.
Published: 2021

9. Loss of nucleoporin Nup50 is a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author: Jan H. Veldink, Edor Kabashi, Sylvie Dirrig-Grosch, Peter M Andersen, Najwa Ouali Alami, Luc Dupuis, Kirsten Sieverding, Axel Freischmidt, Natalia Mora, Albert C. Ludolph, Tobias M. Boeckers, Markus Margelisch, Philippe Couratier, Francesco Roselli, François Muratet, Andreas Sommacal, Chantal Sellier, Géraldine Lautrette, Erik Storkebaum, Markus Weber, Nick H.M. van Bakel, Stéphane Dieterlé, Stéphanie Millecamps, Kristel R. van Eijk, Jochen H. Weishaupt, Alberto Catanese, Kathrin Muller, Salim Megat, Xhuljana Mingaj, Christoph Neuwirth, Jason Sanogo, Hortense de Calbiac, and Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke
Subjects: Genetics, BCS1L, RNA splicing, Gene expression, medicine, RNA-binding protein, Genome-wide association study, Nucleoporin, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Biology, medicine.disease, Gene
Abstract: The genetic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is still incompletely understood. Using two independent genetic strategies, we show here that a large part of ALS heritability lies in genes expressed in inhibitory and excitatory neurons, especially at splicing sites regulated by a defined set of RNA binding proteins including TDP-43 and FUS. We conducted a transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) and identified 59 loci associated with ALS, including 14 previously identified genes, some of them not previously reaching significance in genome wide association studies. Among the 45 novel genes, several genes are involved in pathways known to be affected in ALS such as mitochondrial metabolism (including ATP5H, ATP5D, BCS1L), proteostasis (including COPS7A, G2E3, TMEM175, USP35) or gene expression and RNA metabolism (including ARID1B, ATXN3, PTBP2, TAF10). Interestingly, decreased expression of NUP50, a constrained gene encoding a nuclear pore basket protein, was associated with ALS in TWAS (Zscore = −4, FDR = 0.034). 11 potentially pathogenic variants (CADD score > 20) in 23 patients were identified in the NUP50 gene, most of them in the region of the protein mediating interaction with Importin alpha, and including 2 frameshift mutations. In cells from two patients carrying NUP50 variants, we showed decreased levels of NUP50 protein. Importantly, knocking down Nup50 led to increased neuronal death associated with p62 and nucleoporin inclusions in cultured neurons, and motor defects in Drosophila and zebrafish models. In all, our study identifies alterations in splicing in neurons as a critical pathogenic process in ALS, uncovers several new loci potentially contributing to ALS missing heritability, and provides genetic evidence linking nuclear pore defects to ALS.
Published: 2021

10. Impact of a frequent nearsplice SOD1 variant in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: optimizing SOD1 genetic screening for gene therapy opportunities

Author: Stéphanie Millecamps, Aude-Marie Grapperon, Serge Lumbroso, François Salachas, Patrick Vourc'h, Aude Chiot, Delphine Bohl, Cécile Cazeneuve, Emilien Bernard, Anne-Laure Fauret-Amsellem, Kevin Mouzat, William Camu, Maria del Mar Amador, Christian S Lobsiger, Philippe Corcia, Beata Gyorgy, Séverine Boillée, Jean-Christophe Antoine, Shahram Attarian, Elisa Teyssou, Annie Verschueren, Yannick Marie, Claire Guissart, Jean-Philippe Camdessanché, Danielle Seilhean, Eric Leguern, François Muratet, Vincent Meininger, Justine Guegan, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centres de référence pour la sclérose latérale amyotrophique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital privé des Peupliers (Paris), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et maladies du motoneurone [CHU de Saint-Étienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Unité fonctionnelle de neurogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Tours] (SLA CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Neurologie, maladies neuro-musculaires [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et maladies du motoneurone [CHU Saint-Etienne], and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)
Subjects: MESH: Mutation, MESH: Pedigree, Genetic enhancement, animal diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SOD1, Disease, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Phenotype, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, medicine, Missense mutation, MESH: Superroxide Dismutase-1, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gene, MESH: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, MESH: Aged, MESH: Genetic Therapy, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Genetic Testing, nutritional and metabolic diseases, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Phenotype, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, nervous system diseases, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, nervous system, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: ObjectiveMutations in superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1), encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase protein, are the second most frequent high penetrant genetic cause for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) motor neuron disease in populations of European descent. More than 200 missense variants are reported along the SOD1 protein. To limit the production of these aberrant and deleterious SOD1 species, antisense oligonucleotide approaches have recently emerged and showed promising effects in clinical trials. To offer the possibility to any patient with SOD1-ALS to benefit of such a gene therapy, it is necessary to ascertain whether any variant of unknown significance (VUS), detected for example in SOD1 non-coding sequences, is pathogenic.MethodsWe analysed SOD1 mutation distribution after SOD1 sequencing in a large cohort of 470 French familial ALS (fALS) index cases.ResultsWe identified a total of 27 SOD1 variants in 38 families including two SOD1 variants located in nearsplice or intronic regions of the gene. The pathogenicity of the c.358–10T>G nearsplice SOD1 variant was corroborated based on its high frequency (as the second most frequent SOD1 variant) in French fALS, the segregation analysis confirmed in eight affected members of a large pedigree, the typical SOD1-related phenotype observed (with lower limb onset and prominent lower motor neuron involvement), and findings on postmortem tissues showing SOD1 misaccumulation.ConclusionsOur results highlighted nearsplice/intronic mutations in SOD1 are responsible for a significant portion of French fALS and suggested the systematic analysis of the SOD1 mRNA sequence could become the method of choice for SOD1 screening, not to miss these specific cases.
Published: 2021

11. New advances in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genetics: towards gene therapy opportunities for familial and young cases

Author: Stéphanie Millecamps, Elisa Teyssou, Maria-Del-Mar Amador, François Muratet, Séverine Boillée, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centres de référence pour la sclérose latérale amyotrophique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Motor neuron diseases, Genetic counseling, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Disease, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, pathogenic mutation, TARDBP, frontotemporal dementia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, inclusion body myopathy, C9orf72, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Genetic Testing, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Genetics, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Oligogenic Inheritance, Genetic Therapy, medicine.disease, Penetrance, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, Neurology (clinical), Paget's disease of bone, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: International audience; Due to novel gene therapy opportunities, genetic screening is no longer restricted to familial cases of ALS (FALS) cases but also aplies to the sporadic populations (SALS). Screening of four main genes (C9orf72, SOD1, TARDBP and FUS) identified the causes in 15% of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients (two third of the familial cases and 8% of the sporadic ones) but their respective contribution to ALS phenotype varies according the age of disease onset. The genetic overlap between ALS and other diseases is expanding and includes frontotemporal dementia, Paget's Disease of Bone, myopathy for adult cases, HSP and CMT for young cases highlighing the importance of retrieving the exhaustive familial history for each indivdual with ALS. Incomplete disease penetrance, diversity of the possible phenotypes, as well as the lack of confidence concerning the pathogenicity of most identified variants and/or possible oligogenic inheritance are burdens of ALS genetic counseling to be delivered to patients and at risk individuals. The multitude of rare ALS genetic causes identifed seems to converge to similar cellular pathways leading to inapropriate response to stress emphacising new potential therapeutic options for the disease.
Published: 2021

12. Muscle cells of sporadic ALS patients secrete neurotoxic vesicles

Author: Ouandaogo Zg, Meininger, P. Laforêt, Jeanne Lainé, Langlet T, Leblanc P, David Devos, Behin A, Gall Ll, Julie Dumonceaux, Stéphanie Millecamps, Le Forestier N, O. Lucas, Jean-Philippe Loeffler, Del Mar Amador M, Udaya Geetha Vijayakumar, Pierre-François Pradat, Stephanie Duguez, T. Maisonobe, Browne Gb, Giorgia Querin, C. Martinat, Cédric Raoul, Milla, Ekene Anakor, González De Aguilar J, William Duddy, Owen Connolly, Lucette Lacomblez, Gaëlle Bruneteau, Blasco H, Peter Bede, Mariot, S. Knoblach, François Salachas, Adele Hesters, Laura Robelin, Alexandre Henriques, and T. Stojkovic
Subjects: medicine.anatomical_structure, Myogenesis, medicine, Skeletal muscle, Myocyte, Motor neuron, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gene mutation, Biology, medicine.disease, Neuromuscular junction, Immunostaining, Cell biology
Abstract: BackgroundThe cause of the motor neuron (MN) death that drives terminal pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) remains unknown, and it is thought that the cellular environment of the MN may play a key role in MN survival. Several lines of evidence implicate vesicles in ALS, including that extracellular vesicles may carry toxic elements from astrocytes towards motor neurons, and that pathological proteins have been identified in circulating extracellular vesicles of sporadic ALS patients. Since MN degeneration at the neuromuscular junction is a feature of ALS, and muscle is a vesicle-secretory tissue, we hypothesized that muscle vesicles may be involved in ALS pathology.MethodsSporadic ALS patients were confirmed to be ALS according to El Escorial criteria, were genotyped to test for classic gene mutations associated with ALS, and physical function was assessed using the ALSFRS-R score. Muscle biopsies of either mildly affected deltoids of ALS patients (n=27) or deltoids of aged-matched healthy subjects (n=30) were used for extraction of muscle stem cells, to perform immunohistology, or for electron microscopy. Muscle stem cells were characterized by immunostaining, RTqPCR and transcriptomic analysis. Secreted muscle vesicles were characterized by proteomic analysis, Western blot, NanoSight, and electron microscopy. The effects of muscle vesicles isolated from the culture medium of ALS and healthy myotubes were tested on healthy human-derived iPSC motor neurons and on healthy human myotubes, with untreated cells used as controls.ResultsAn accumulation of multivesicular bodies was observed in muscle biopsies of sporadic ALS patients by immunostaining and electron microscopy. Study of muscle biopsies and biopsy-derived denervation-naïve differentiated muscle stem cells (myotubes) revealed a consistent disease signature in ALS myotubes, including intracellular accumulation of exosome-like vesicles and disruption of RNA-processing. Compared to vesicles from healthy control myotubes, when administered to healthy motor neurons the vesicles of ALS myotubes induced shortened, less branched neurites, cell death, and disrupted localization of RNA and RNA-processing proteins. The RNA-processing protein FUS and a majority of its binding partners were present in ALS muscle vesicles, and toxicity was dependent on the expression level of FUS in recipient cells. Toxicity to recipient motor neurons was abolished by anti-CD63 immuno-blocking of vesicle uptake.ConclusionALS muscle vesicles are shown to be toxic to motor neurons, which establishes the skeletal muscle as a potential source of vesicle-mediated toxicity in ALS.One Sentence SummaryMuscle cells of ALS patients secrete vesicles that are toxic to motor neurons
Published: 2021

13. Genetic screening of ANXA11 revealed novel mutations linked to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Author: Selma Machat, Elisa Teyssou, Vincent Meininger, Yannick Marie, Géraldine Lautrette, Beata Gyorgy, Stéphanie Millecamps, Philippe Couratier, Séverine Boillée, Mélanie Ferrien, Danielle Seilhean, Cécile Cazeneuve, François Muratet, Thierry Larmonier, Justine Guegan, François Salachas, Pascal Cintas, Safaa Saker, Nadine Le Forestier, Maria-Del-Mar Amador, William Camu, Eric LeGuern, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centres de référence pour la sclérose latérale amyotrophique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et autres maladies du motoneurone [CHU Limoges] (SLA CHU Limoges), CHU Limoges, Généthon, Unité fonctionnelle de neurogénétique moléculaire et cellulaire, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Sclérose Latérale amyotrophique [CHU Toulouse], Département Neurologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Neurosciences [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Neurosciences [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Hôpital privé des Peupliers (Paris), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de Neuropathologie [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière], Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et maladies, Unité de neurophysiologie clinique [CHU Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Aging, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Annexins, Datasets as Topic, ANXA11, frontotemporal dementia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Databases, Genetic, medicine, Humans, Exome, Motor neuron disease, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Cognitive decline, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Genetic Association Studies, neuropathology, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, FTD, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Motor neuron, Spinal cord, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mutation, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), France, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, ALS, Annexin A11, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: ANXA11 mutations have previously been discovered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) motor neuron disease. To confirm the contribution of ANXA11 mutations to ALS, a large exome data set obtained from 330 French patients, including 150 familial ALS index cases and 180 sporadic ALS cases, was analyzed, leading to the identification of 3 rare ANXA11 variants in 5 patients. The novel p.L254V variant was associated with early onset sporadic ALS. The novel p.D40Y mutation and the p.G38R variant concerned patients with predominant pyramidal tract involvement and cognitive decline. Neuropathologic findings in a p.G38R carrier associated the presence of ALS typical inclusions within the spinal cord, massive degeneration of the lateral tracts, and type A frontotemporal lobar degeneration. This mutant form of annexin A11 accumulated in various brain regions and in spinal cord motor neurons, although its stability was decreased in patients' lymphoblasts. Because most ANXA11 inclusions were not colocalized with transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 or p62 deposits, ANXA11 aggregation does not seem mandatory to trigger neurodegeneration with additional participants/partner proteins that could intervene.
Published: 2021

14. Impact of a frequent nearsplice

Author: François, Muratet, Elisa, Teyssou, Aude, Chiot, Séverine, Boillée, Christian S, Lobsiger, Delphine, Bohl, Beata, Gyorgy, Justine, Guegan, Yannick, Marie, Maria Del Mar, Amador, Francois, Salachas, Vincent, Meininger, Emilien, Bernard, Jean-Christophe, Antoine, Jean-Philippe, Camdessanché, William, Camu, Cécile, Cazeneuve, Anne-Laure, Fauret-Amsellem, Eric, Leguern, Kevin, Mouzat, Claire, Guissart, Serge, Lumbroso, Philippe, Corcia, Patrick, Vourc'h, Aude-Marie, Grapperon, Shahram, Attarian, Annie, Verschueren, Danielle, Seilhean, and Stéphanie, Millecamps
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, DNA Mutational Analysis, Genetic Therapy, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Phenotype, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Mutation, Humans, Female, Genetic Testing, Aged
Abstract: Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 gene (We analysed SOD1 mutation distribution after SOD1 sequencing in a large cohort of 470 French familial ALS (fALS) index cases.We identified a total of 27 SOD1 variants in 38 families including two SOD1 variants located in nearsplice or intronic regions of the gene. The pathogenicity of the c.358-10TG nearspliceOur results highlighted nearsplice/intronic mutations in
Published: 2020

15. Deletion of the inflammatory S100-A9/MRP14 protein does not influence survival in hSOD1

Author: Matthieu, Ribon, Céline, Leone, Aude, Chiot, Félix, Berriat, Martine, Rampanana, Julie, Cottin, Delphine, Bohl, Stéphanie, Millecamps, Christian S, Lobsiger, Michael T, Heneka, and Séverine, Boillée
Subjects: Inflammation, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Survival, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Animals, Calgranulin B, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Microglia, Gene Deletion
Abstract: Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in hSOD1
Published: 2020

16. Analysis of shared common genetic risk between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and epilepsy

Author: Schijven, D., Stevelink, R., Mccormack, M., van Rheenen, W., Luykx, J. J., Koeleman, B. P. C., Veldink, J. H., Aleksey, Shatunov, Mclaughlin, Russell L., van der Spek, Rick A. A., Alfredo, Iacoangeli, Kenna, Kevin P., van Eijk, Kristel R., Nicola, Ticozzi, Boris, Rogelj, Katarina, Vrabec, Metka, Ravnik-Glavač, Blaž, Koritnik, Janez, Zidar, Lea, Leonardis, Leja Dolenc Grošelj, Stéphanie, Millecamps, François, Salachas, Vincent, Meininger, Mamede de Carvalho, Susana, Pinto, Marta, Gromicho, Ana, Pronto-Laborinho, Mora, Jesus S., Ricardo, Rojas-García, Meraida, Polak, Siddharthan, Chandran, Shuna, Colville, Robert, Swingler, Morrison, Karen E., Shaw, Pamela J., John, Hardy, Orrell, Richard W., Alan, Pittman, Katie, Sidle, Pietro, Fratta, Andrea, Malaspina, Simon, Topp, Susanne, Petri, Susanna, Abdulla, Carsten, Drepper, Michael, Sendtner, Thomas, Meyer, Ophoff, Roel A., Staats, Kim A., Martina, Wiedau-Pazos, Catherine, Lomen-Hoerth, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M., Trojanowski, John Q., Lauren, Elman, Leo, Mccluskey, Nazli Basak, A., Thomas, Meitinger, Peter, Lichtner, Milena, Blagojevic-Radivojkov, Andres, Christian R., Gilbert, Bensimon, Bernhard, Landwehrmeyer, Alexis, Brice, Payan, Christine A. M., Safaa, Saker-Delye, Alexandra, Dürr, Wood, Nicholas W., Lukas, Tittmann, Wolfgang, Lieb, Andre, Franke, Marcella, Rietschel, Sven, Cichon, Nöthen, Markus M., Philippe, Amouyel, Christophe, Tzourio, Jean-François, Dartigues, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Fernando, Rivadeneira, Karol, Estrada, Albert, Hofman, Charles, Curtis, van der Kooi, Anneke J., Markus, Weber, Shaw, Christopher E., Smith, Bradley N., Daisy, Sproviero, Cristina, Cereda, Mauro, Ceroni, Luca, Diamanti, Roberto Del Bo, Stefania, Corti, Comi, Giacomo P., Sandra, D'Alfonso, Lucia, Corrado, Bertolin, Cinzia, Soraru', Gianni, Letizia, Mazzini, Viviana, Pensato, Cinzia, Gellera, Cinzia, Tiloca, Antonia, Ratti, Andrea, Calvo, Cristina, Moglia, Maura, Brunetti, Simona, Arcuti, Rosa, Capozzo, Chiara, Zecca, Christian, Lunetta, Silvana, Penco, Nilo, Riva, Alessandro, Padovani, Massimiliano, Filosto, Ian, Blair, Nicholson, Garth A., Rowe, Dominic B., Roger, Pamphlett, Kiernan, Matthew C., Julian, Grosskreutz, Witte, Otto W., Robert, Steinbach, Tino, Prell, Beatrice, Stubendorff, Ingo, Kurth, Hübner, Christian A., Nigel Leigh, P., Federico, Casale, Adriano, Chio, Ettore, Beghi, Elisabetta, Pupillo, Rosanna, Tortelli, Giancarlo, Logroscino, John, Powell, Ludolph, Albert C., Weishaupt, Jochen H., Wim, Robberecht, Philip Van Damme, Brown, Robert H., Glass, Jonathan D., Landers, John E., Orla, Hardiman, Andersen, Peter M., Philippe, Corcia, Patrick, Vourc'H, Vincenzo, Silani, van Es, Michael A., Jeroen Pasterkamp, R., Lewis, Cathryn M., Gerome, Breen, Ammar, Al-Chalabi, van den Berg, Leonard H., Veldink, Jan H., Daniela, Calini, Isabella, Fogh, Barbara, Castellotti, Franco, Taroni, Stella, Gagliardi, Giacomo, Comi, Sandra, D’Alfonso, Pegoraro, Elena, Giorgia, Querin, Francesca, Gerardi, Fabrizio, Rinaldi, Maria Sofia Cotelli, Luca, Chiveri, Maria Cristina Guaita, Patrizia, Perrone, Giancarlo, Comi, Carlo, Ferrarese, Lucio, Tremolizzo, Marialuisa, Delodovici, Giorgio, Bono, Stefania, Cammarosano, Antonio, Canosa, Dario, Cocito, Leonardo, Lopiano, Luca, Durelli, Bruno, Ferrero, Antonio, Bertolotto, Alessandro, Mauro, Luca, Pradotto, Roberto, Cantello, Enrica, Bersano, Dario, Giobbe, Maurizio, Gionco, Daniela, Leotta, Lucia, Appendino, Cavallo, Cavallo, Enrico, Odddenino, Claudio, Geda, Fabio, Poglio, Paola, Santimaria, Umberto, Massazza, Antonio, Villani, Roberto, Conti, Fabrizio, Pisano, Mario, Palermo, Franco, Vergnano, Paolo, Provera, Maria Teresa Penza, Marco, Aguggia, Nicoletta Di Vito, Piero, Meineri, Ilaria, Pastore, Paolo, Ghiglione, Danilo, Seliak, Nicola, Launaro, Giovanni, Astegiano, Bottacchi, Edo, Isabella Laura Simone, Stefano, Zoccolella, Michele, Zarrelli, Franco, Apollo, William, Camu, Jean Sebastien Hulot, Francois, Viallet, Philippe, Couratier, David, Maltete, Christine, Tranchant, Marie, Vidailhet, Bassel, Abou-Khalil, Pauls, Auce, Andreja, Avbersek, Melanie, Bahlo, David, J Balding, Thomas, Bast, Larry, Baum, Albert, J Becker, Felicitas, Becker, Bianca, Berghuis, Samuel, F Berkovic, Katja, E Boysen, Jonathan, P Bradfield, Lawrence, C Brody, Russell, J Buono, Ellen, Campbell, Gregory, D Cascino, Claudia, B Catarino, Gianpiero, L Cavalleri, Stacey, S Cherny, Krishna, Chinthapalli, Alison, J Coffey, Alastair, Compston, Antonietta, Coppola, Patrick, Cossette, John, J Craig, Gerrit-Jan de Haan, Peter De Jonghe, Carolien G, F de Kovel, Norman, Delanty, Chantal, Depondt, Orrin, Devinsky, Dennis, J Dlugos, Colin, P Doherty, Christian, E Elger, Johan, G Eriksson, Thomas, N Ferraro, Martha, Feucht, Ben, Francis, Jacqueline, A French, Saskia, Freytag, Verena, Gaus, Eric, B Geller, Christian, Gieger, Tracy, Glauser, Simon, Glynn, David, B Goldstein, Hongsheng, Gui, Youling, Guo, Kevin, F Haas, Hakon, Hakonarson, Kerstin, Hallmann, Sheryl, Haut, Erin, L Heinzen, Ingo, Helbig, Christian, Hengsbach, Helle, Hjalgrim, Michele, Iacomino, Andrés, Ingason, Michael, R Johnson, Reetta, Kälviäinen, Anne-Mari, Kantanen, Dalia, Kasperavičiūte, Dorothee Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite, Heidi, E Kirsch, Robert, C Knowlton, Bobby P, C Koeleman, Roland, Krause, Martin, Krenn, Wolfram, S Kunz, Ruben, Kuzniecky, Patrick, Kwan, Dennis, Lal, Yu-Lung, Lau, Anna-Elina, Lehesjoki, Holger, Lerche, Costin, Leu, Dick, Lindhout, Warren, D Lo, Iscia, Lopes-Cendes, Daniel, H Lowenstein, Alberto, Malovini, Anthony, G Marson, Thomas, Mayer, Mark, Mccormack, James, L Mills, Nasir, Mirza, Martina, Moerzinger, Rikke, S Møller, Anne, M Molloy, Hiltrud, Muhle, Mark, Newton, Ping-Wing, Ng, Markus, M Nöthen, Peter, Nürnberg, Terence, J O’Brien, Karen, L Oliver, Aarno, Palotie, Faith, Pangilinan, Sarah, Peter, Slavé, Petrovski, Annapurna, Poduri, Michael, Privitera, Rodney, Radtke, Sarah, Rau, Philipp, S Reif, Eva, M Reinthaler, Felix, Rosenow, Josemir, W Sander, Thomas, Sander, Theresa, Scattergood, Steven, C Schachter, Christoph, J Schankin, Ingrid, E Scheffer, Bettina, Schmitz, Susanne, Schoch, Pak, C Sham, Jerry, J Shih, Graeme, J Sills, Sanjay, M Sisodiya, Lisa, Slattery, Alexander, Smith, David, F Smith, Michael, C Smith, Philip, E Smith, Anja C, M Sonsma, Doug, Speed, Michael, R Sperling, Bernhard, J Steinhoff, Ulrich, Stephani, Remi, Stevelink, Konstantin, Strauch, Pasquale, Striano, Hans, Stroink, Rainer, Surges, K Meng Tan, Liu Lin Thio, G Neil Thomas, Marian, Todaro, Rossana, Tozzi, Maria, S Vari, Eileen P, G Vining, Frank, Visscher, Sarah von Spiczak, Nicole, M Walley, Yvonne, G Weber, Zhi, Wei, Judith, Weisenberg, Christopher, D Whelan, Peter, Widdess-Walsh, Markus, Wolff, Stefan, Wolking, Wanling, Yang, Federico, Zara, Fritz, Zimprich, Project MinE ALS GWAS Consortium, International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsies, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Clinicum, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, and HUS Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District
Subjects: Risk, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Genetic correlation, Geriatrics & Gerontology, education, Genome-wide association study, Biology, ALS, Epilepsy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Gene Frequency, Humans, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Negative Results, Article, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetic variation, medicine, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Allele frequency, Genetics, Science & Technology, Mechanism (biology), General Neuroscience, 3112 Neurosciences, Neurosciences, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Minor allele frequency, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Because hyper-excitability has been shown to be a shared pathophysiological mechanism, we used the latest and largest genome-wide studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 36,052) and epilepsy (n = 38,349) to determine genetic overlap between these conditions. First, we showed no significant genetic correlation, also when binned on minor allele frequency. Second, we confirmed the absence of polygenic overlap using genomic risk score analysis. Finally, we did not identify pleiotropic variants in meta-analyses of the 2 diseases. Our findings indicate that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and epilepsy do not share common genetic risk, showing that hyper-excitability in both disorders has distinct origins. ispartof: NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING vol:92 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2020

17. Modifying macrophages at the periphery has the capacity to change microglial reactivity and to extend ALS survival

Author: Aude, Chiot, Sakina, Zaïdi, Charlène, Iltis, Matthieu, Ribon, Félix, Berriat, Lorenzo, Schiaffino, Ariane, Jolly, Pierre, de la Grange, Michel, Mallat, Delphine, Bohl, Stéphanie, Millecamps, Danielle, Seilhean, Christian S, Lobsiger, and Séverine, Boillée
Subjects: Adult, Male, Motor Neurons, Macrophages, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Mice, Transgenic, Middle Aged, Sciatic Nerve, Axons, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Spinal Cord, Animals, Humans, Female, Microglia, Aged
Abstract: Microglia and peripheral macrophages have both been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although their respective roles have yet to be determined. We now show that macrophages along peripheral motor neuron axons in mouse models and patients with ALS react to neurodegeneration. In ALS mice, peripheral myeloid cell infiltration into the spinal cord was limited and depended on disease duration. Targeted gene modulation of the reactive oxygen species pathway in peripheral myeloid cells of ALS mice, using cell replacement, reduced both peripheral macrophage and microglial activation, delayed symptoms and increased survival. Transcriptomics revealed that sciatic nerve macrophages and microglia reacted differently to neurodegeneration, with abrupt temporal changes in macrophages and progressive, unidirectional activation in microglia. Modifying peripheral macrophages suppressed proinflammatory microglial responses, with a shift toward neuronal support. Thus, modifying macrophages at the periphery has the capacity to influence disease progression and may be of therapeutic value for ALS.
Published: 2020

18. Adolescence/adult onset MTHFR deficiency may manifest as isolated and treatable distinct neuro-psychiatric syndromes

Author: Claudio Salim, Stéphane Giraudier, Vincent Navarro, Stéphanie Millecamps, Marion Masingue, Yann Nadjar, Claude Adam, Ana Gales, and Laure Grosliere
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency, Encephalopathy, Metabolic disease, lcsh:Medicine, Review, 030105 genetics & heredity, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic Diseases, Seizures, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Cognitive decline, Clinical neurology examination, Genetics (clinical), Gait Disorders, Neurologic, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2), biology, business.industry, lcsh:R, Genetic disorder, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Discontinuation, Psychotic Disorders, Muscle Spasticity, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, biology.protein, Ataxia, Homocystinuria, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Gait disorders/ataxia, All epilepsy/seizures, MRI
Abstract: 5,10-Methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency is a genetic disorder that can occur at any age and can be easily detected by increased homocysteinemia. In adolescence/adult onset forms, the clinical picture is often complex with association of various neurological features and thrombosis. Here we report the cases of two adult siblings who experienced focal epilepsy at 18 years old as a first disease manifestation, without other symptom during several years. Upon diagnosis, both patients received metabolic treatment comprising B9, B12 and betaine which has stopped the occurrence of seizures, allowing discontinuation of anti-epileptic drugs. Among 24 reviewed adolescent/adult onset patients with MTHFR deficiency in the literature, clinical manifestations included gait disorder (96%, from motor central or peripheral origin), cognitive decline (74%), epileptic syndromes (50%), encephalopathy (30%), psychotic symptoms (17%), and thrombotic events (21%). A total of 41% presented a single neurological manifestation that could stay isolated during at least 3 years, delaying achievement of the diagnosis. Brain MRI showed a mostly periventricular white matter changes in 71% of cases. All patients stabilized or improved following metabolic treatment. Despite being rare, adolescence/adult onset MTHFR deficiency can nevertheless be successfully treated. Therefore, homocysteinemia should be tested in various unexplained neuro-psychiatric syndromes like epilepsy or spastic paraparesis, even if isolated, since waiting for completion of the clinical picture is likely to increase the risk of irreversible neurological damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-018-0767-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018

19. Amygdala TDP-43 Pathology in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Motor Neuron Disease

Author: Isabelle Le Ber, Kazuo Kitagawa, Charles Duyckaerts, Stéphanie Millecamps, Véronique Sazdovitch, Toshiki Uchihara, Takahiro Takeda, and Danielle Seilhean
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Protein TDP-43, Numerical density, tau Proteins, Disease, Amygdala, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Progranulins, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, medicine, Humans, Motor Neuron Disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Aged, C9orf72 Protein, business.industry, Proteins, General Medicine, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Middle Aged, Motor neuron, medicine.disease, DNA-Binding Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Gene Expression Regulation, Neurology, Mutation, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Female, Neurology (clinical), Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: TDP-43-positive inclusions are present in the amygdala in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and motor neuron disease (MND) including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Behavioral abnormalities, one of the chief symptoms of FTLD, could be, at least partly, related to amygdala pathology. We examined TDP-43 inclusions in the amygdala of patients with sporadic FTLD/MND (sFTLD/MND), FTLD/MND with mutation of the C9ORF72 (FTLD/MND-C9) and FTLD with mutation of the progranulin (FTLD-GRN). TDP-43 inclusions were common in each one of these subtypes, which can otherwise be distinguished on topographical and genetic grounds. Conventional and immunological stainings were performed and we quantified the numerical density of inclusions on a regional basis. TDP-43 inclusions in amygdala could be seen in 10 out of 26 sFTLD/MND cases, 5 out of 9 FTLD/MND-C9 cases, and all 4 FTLD-GRN cases. Their numerical density was lower in FTLD/MND-C9 than in sFTLD/MND and FTLD-GRN. TDP-43 inclusions were more numerous in the ventral region of the basolateral nucleus group in all subtypes. This contrast was apparent in sporadic and C9-mutated FTLD/MND, while it was less evident in FTLD-GRN. Such differences in subregional involvement of amygdala may be related to the region-specific neuronal connections that are differentially affected in FTLD/MND and FTLD-GRN.
Published: 2017

20. Increased prevalence of granulovacuolar degeneration in C9orf72 mutation

Author: Charles Duyckaerts, Mari Yoshida, Susana Boluda, Gen Sobue, Yuichi Riku, Takashi Ando, Stéphanie Millecamps, Masahisa Katsuno, Isabelle Le Ber, Danielle Seilhean, François Salachas, Isabelle Plu, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'éthique médicale et médecine légale (LEM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Department of neurology, The University of Tokyo, Department of Neuropathology, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, TDP-43, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, Prevalence, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Fisher's exact test, Inclusion Bodies, Neurons, Mutation, Granulovacuolar degeneration, DNA Repeat Expansion, Neurofibrillary Tangles, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, symbols, Female, FTLD, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, symbols.namesake, Dipeptide repeat, mental disorders, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Aged, C9orf72 Protein, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Charged multivesicular body protein 2B, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, ALS, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) is usually found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases or in elderly individuals. Its severity correlates positively with the density of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Mechanisms underlying GVD formation are unknown. We assessed the prevalence and distribution of GVD in cases with TDP-43-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-TDP). Consecutively autopsied cases with FTLD/ALS-TDP and C9orf72 mutations (FTLD/ALS-C9; N = 29), cases with FTLD/ALS-TDP without C9orf72 mutations (FTLD/ALS-nonC9; N = 46), and age-matched healthy controls (N = 40) were studied. The prevalence of GVD was significantly higher in the FTLD/ALS-C9 cases (26/29 cases) than in the FTLD/ALS-nonC9 cases (15/46 cases; Fisher exact test; p
Published: 2019

21. Spastic paraplegia due to recessive or dominant mutations in ERLIN2 can convert to ALS

Author: Jean-Philippe Camdessanché, Emilien Bernard, Jean-Christophe Antoine, Guillaume Banneau, Etienne Allart, Maria-Del-Mar Amador, François Muratet, Elisa Teyssou, Gabrielle Rudolf, Giovanni Stevanin, Christine Tranchant, Véronique Danel-Brunaud, Marie-Céline Fleury, Stéphanie Millecamps, Mathieu Anheim, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, CHU de Lille, Service de neurologie [CHU de Saint-Étienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Service de Neurologie [CHU Strasbourg], Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg]-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg (CHU de Strasbourg ), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Service de Neurologie [Hospices civils de Lyon - Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), MILLECAMPS, Stéphanie, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Hereditary spastic paraplegia, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, medicine, Spasticity, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Exome, Tetraplegia, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Bulbar palsy, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, medicine.disease, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether mutations in ERLIN2, known to cause SPG18, a recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (SP) responsible for the degeneration of the upper motor neurons leading to weakness and spasticity restricted to the lower limbs, could contribute to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a distinct and more severe motor neuron disease (MND), in which the lower motor neurons also profusely degenerates, leading to tetraplegia, bulbar palsy, respiratory insufficiency, and ultimately the death of the patients.MethodsWhole-exome sequencing was performed in a large cohort of 200 familial ALS and 60 sporadic ALS after a systematic screening for C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion. ERLIN2 variants identified by exome analysis were validated using Sanger analysis. Segregation of the identified variant with the disease was checked for all family members with available DNA.ResultsHere, we report the identification of ERLIN2 mutations in patients with a primarily SP evolving to rapid progressive ALS, leading to the death of the patients. These mutations segregated with the disease in a dominant (V168M) or recessive (D300V) manner in these families or were found in apparently sporadic cases (N125S).ConclusionsInheritance of ERLIN2 mutations appears to be, within the MND spectrum, more complex that previously reported. These results expand the clinical phenotype of ERLIN2 mutations to a severe outcome of MND and should be considered before delivering a genetic counseling to ERLIN2-linked families.
Published: 2019

22. Electrophysiological Characterization of C9ORF72-Associated Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Retrospective Study

Author: Emilien Bernard, Kevin Mouzat, Benoit Pegat, Emmanuel Broussolle, Antoine Pegat, Christophe Vial, Françoise Bouhour, Serge Lumbroso, Stéphanie Millecamps, Pascal Leblanc, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Sensory system, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], Medicine, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Electrical impedance myography, C9orf72 Protein, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Electromyoneurography, Retrospective cohort study, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Electrophysiology, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Phenotype, Neurology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Anesthesia, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Sensory neuropathy, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective: C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of the present study was to determine whether C9ORF72-associated ALS (C9-ALS) patients present distinctive electrophysiological characteristics that could differentiate them from non C9ORF72-associated ALS (nonC9-ALS) patients. Methods: Clinical and electrodiagnostic data from C9-ALS patients and nonC9-ALS patients were collected retrospectively. For electroneuromyography, the mean values of motor conduction, myography, and the mean values of sensory conduction were considered. Furthermore, the proportion of ALS patients with electrophysiological sensory neuropathy was determined. Results: No significant difference was observed between 31 C9-ALS patients and 22 nonC9-ALS patients for mean motor conduction and myography. For sensory conduction analyses, mean sensory conduction was not significantly different between both groups. In total, 38% of C9-ALS patient and 21% of nonC9-ALS patients presented electrophysiological sensory neuropathy (p = 0.33). In C9-ALS patients with electrophysiological sensory neuropathy, 80% (8/10) were male and 67% (6/9) presented spinal onset compare to 25% (4/16, p = 0.014) male and 25% (4/16, p = 0.087) with spinal onset in those without electrophysiological sensory neuropathy. Conclusion: Although not different from nonC9-ALS, these results suggest that sensory involvement is a frequent feature of C9-ALS patients, expanding the phenotype of the disease beyond the motor and cognitive domains.
Published: 2019

23. Forme juvénile de SLA : l’idée doit FUSer !

Author: Annaïck Desmaison, Stéphanie Millecamps, Nathalie Guy, Pierre Clavelou, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Neurology, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neurology (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Introduction Les formes juveniles de sclerose laterale amyotrophique (FJSLA) sont familiales dans la grande majorite des cas. Recemment, des mutations du gene FUS ont ete identifiees dans un sous-groupe de FJSLA. Observation Une femme de 17 ans, sans antecedent notable, developpe des troubles de la marche d’aggravation progressive, associes a une perte de poids et une asthenie. L’examen clinique retrouve un deficit moteur des quatre membres, predominant a gauche, une amyotrophie du quadriceps, des interosseux et de la loge thenar a gauche et une hyperreflexie aux membres superieurs. Elle ne presente ni trouble sensitif ni signe bulbaire. Un premier EMG retrouve une atteinte neurogene des territoires L3-4-5 et S1. Quatre mois plus tard, elle est tetraparetique et a developpe un syndrome pseudo-bulbaire. L’EMG met en evidence un effondrement des amplitudes des reponses motrices et une atteinte neurogene diffuse. Ces resultats confortent le diagnostic de sclerose laterale amyotrophique (SLA). Elle decede dans l’annee suivant le debut des symptomes. Il n’y a pas d’antecedent neuromusculaire dans sa famille. Les analyses genetiques mettent en evidence la presence d’un variant c.1574c > t a l’etat heterozygote dans le dernier exon du gene FUS qui entraine un changement d’acide amine p.P525L (Proline remplacee par une Leucine) dans la proteine FUS. Ce variant n’a pas ete retrouve chez ses parents. Discussion Les FJSLA ont une duree plus longue que les SLA developpees chez les adultes. Or, le variant c.1574c > t du gene FUS est associe a un phenotype clinique de debut precoce et d’evolution rapide de SLA, le plus souvent sporadique. La proteinopathie qui en resulte s’accumule dans le cytoplasme, induisant une degenerescence des neurones moteurs. Conclusion Ce cas clinique illustre l’importance de faire des analyses genetiques chez des patients developpant une FJSLA, meme en l’absence d’antecedent familial, car il peut s’agir de neomutations.
Published: 2020

24. Phenotypic and genotypic studies of ALS cases in ALS-SMA families

Author: Christian R. Andres, Patrick Vourc'h, Audrey Dangoumau, Rémi Bellance, Fausto Viader, Philippe Corcia, Claude Desnuelle, Salah Eddine Bakkouche, Stéphanie Millecamps, William Camu, Vivien Pautot, Hélène Blasco, François Salachas, Vincent Meininger, Philippe Couratier, Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Tours] (SLA CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], CHU Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine (NIMH), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Service de neurologie [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, SOD1, Muscular Atrophy, Spinal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, SMA, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Age of Onset, genes, Aged, Family Health, C9orf72 Protein, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Mean age, Spinal muscular atrophy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein, SMN, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Mutation, FALS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are the most frequent motor neuron disorders in adulthood and infancy, respectively. There is a growing literature supporting common pathophysiological patterns between those disorders. One important clinical issue for that is the co-occurrence of both diseases within a family.OBJECTIVES:To collect families in which ALS and SMA patients co-exist and describe the phenotype and the genotype of ALS patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Nine families with co-occurrence of SMA and ALS have been gathered over the last 15 years. Epidemiological, phenotype and genetic status were collected.RESULTS:Out of the nine families, six corresponded to the criteria of familial ALS (FALS). Clinical data were available for 11 patients out of the 15 ALS cases. Mean age of onset was 58.5 years, site of onset was lower limbs in nine cases (81.8%), median duration was 22 months. Four ALS patients carried a mutation: three mutations in SOD1 gene (G147N in two cases and one with E121G) and one repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene. Three patients had abnormal SMN1 copy numbers.CONCLUSIONS:While the high proportion of familial history of ALS cases in these ALS-SMA pedigrees could have suggested that these familial clusters of the two most frequent MND rely on a genetic background, we failed to exclude that this occurred by chance.
Published: 2018

25. Genetic correlation between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and schizophrenia

Author: Cristina Cereda, Jurjen J. Luykx, Sandra Meier, Derek W. Morris, Douglas M. Ruderfer, Mythily Subramaniam, Paul Cormican, Lyudmila Georgieva, John Landers, Silvana Penco, Marian L. Hamshere, Frank Dudbridge, Mari Nelis, Dick Schijven, Jimmy Lee, Sarah E. Bergen, Alessandro Padovani, Nicholas W. Wood, Meraida Polak, Hannelore Ehrenreich, Nancy G. Buccola, Noa Carrera, Stefan Herms, Panos Roussos, Marion Friedl, Teimuraz Silagadze, Jim van Os, Annette M. Hartmann, Ole A. Andreassen, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, Sibylle G. Schwab, Aleksey Shatunov, Eli A. Stahl, David A. Collier, Farooq Amin, Michael Conlon O'Donovan, Guiqing Cai, Kung-Yee Liang, Denis C. Bauer, Charles Curtis, Brion S. Maher, Ashley R. Jones, Sara L. Pulit, Sarah Tosato, Milan Macek, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, Vincenzo Silani, Pietro Fratta, Bettina Konte, Rosanna Tortelli, Dan Rujescu, T. Scott Stroup, Elizabeth Bevilacqua, Christian Lunetta, Bradley T. Webb, Christophe Tzourio, Patrick Vourc'h, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Gilbert Bensimon, Timothy G. Dinan, Thomas G. Schulze, Richard A. Belliveau, Daniel R. Weinberger, Andrew McQuillin, Qingqin S. Li, Orla Hardiman, Claudine Laurent, Masashi Ikeda, Tim Kahlke, Rodney J. Scott, Frans Henskens, Tune H. Pers, Wolfgang Lieb, Christian Hammer, Elvira Bramon, Hana Kuzelova-Ptackova, Raquelle I. Mesholam-Gately, Ingrid Melle, Nadine Cohen, David Cohen, Nazli Basak, Elisabeth Stögmann, Nelson B. Freimer, Peter Eichhammer, J. Mallet, Preben Bo Mortensen, Robert H. Brown, Wouter van Rheenen, Roberto Del Bo, Dai Wang, Laurent Essioux, Larry J. Seidman, Hreinn Stefansson, Erik G. Jönsson, Mads V. Hollegaard, Raymond C.K. Chan, Susana Pinto, Alexander Richards, Jubao Duan, Peter Holmans, George Kirov, Pablo V. Gejman, Philippe Amouyel, Stephanie Godard, Dieter B. Wildenauer, Martina Wiedau-Pazos, Stacy Steinberg, Ole Mors, Andres Metspalu, Rolf Adolfsson, Shaun Purcell, Hugh Gurling, Joseph I. Friedman, Erik Söderman, Mark Weiser, Giacomo P. Comi, James A. Knowles, Peter M. Andersen, Brien P. Riley, Nakao Iwata, Jeremy M. Silverman, Mark J. Daly, Elena Parkhomenko, Digby Quested, Srinivas Thirumalai, Ulrich Schall, Jan Lubinski, Dragan M. Svrakic, Aaron R. Wolen, S. Hong Lee, Andrew Pocklington, Bernard Lerer, Vahram Haroutunian, Matthew C. Kiernan, Kenneth L. Davis, Assen Jablensky, William Byerley, Karol Estrada, Aarno Palotie, Cinzia Tiloca, Eadbhard O'Callaghan, Perry T.C. van Doormaal, Colm McDonald, Federico Casale, Thomas Meitinger, Robert Freedman, Gerome Breen, Milena Blagojevic-Radivojkov, Ian P. Blair, Ann E. Pulver, Jan H. Veldink, Giancarlo Logroscino, Miaoxin Li, Abraham Reichenberg, Esben Agerbo, Siddharthan Chandran, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Andrew M. McIntosh, Gianni Sorarù, Maura Brunetti, Xuebin Zheng, Madeline Alexander, James L. Kennedy, Douglas Blackwood, Menachem Fromer, Martilias S. Farrell, Alan R. Sanders, Dominic B. Rowe, Alexis Brice, Jonathan Pimm, Emily H. M. Wong, Jana Strohmaier, André G. Uitterlinden, Andrea Calvo, Carsten Drepper, John Q. Trojanowski, Marcella Rietschel, Siow Ann Chong, Karen E. Morrison, Sang-Yun Oh, Laura Nisenbaum, Margaret O'Brien, Alkes L. Price, Carin J. Meijer, Michael Davidson, John Powell, Petr Slominsky, Wiepke Cahn, Cinzia Gellera, Vihra Milanova, Peter M. Visscher, Patricia T. Michie, Dimitris Dikeos, Jianxin Shi, Veikko Salomaa, Philip Van Damme, James J. Crowley, Younes Mokrab, Valentina Escott-Price, Jesus S. Mora, Stanley V. Catts, David St Clair, Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, John Hardy, Kristin K. Nicodemus, Dominique Campion, Juha Veijola, Wim Robberecht, Thomas Meyer, Peter Lichtner, Christos Pantelis, Markus Weber, Nilo Riva, Jin P. Szatkiewicz, Michele T. Pato, Cinzia Bertolin, Frank P. Diekstra, Simon Arcuti, Bryan J. Mowry, Hon-Cheong So, Adriano Chiò, Viviana Pensato, Yunjung Kim, Jean-François Dartigues, Zita Ausrele Kucinskiene, Inez Myin-Germeys, Jaana Suvisaari, Sophie E. Legge, Roel A. Ophoff, Philippe Corcia, Gerald Nestadt, Stephan Ripke, Kuang Lin, Paola Giusti-Rodríguez, Michael John Owen, Chris C. A. Spencer, Safa Saker-Delye, Robert W. McCarley, Kimberley D. Chambert, Brandon Wormley, Isabella Fogh, Mamede de Carvalho, Pamela J. Shaw, Tõnu Esko, Ronald Y. L. Chan, Jianjun Liu, Tim B. Bigdeli, Christian R. Andres, David M. Hougaard, Michael Gill, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Colm O'Dushlaine, Rick A.A. van der Spek, Gary Donohoe, Tao Li, Jonathan D. Glass, Christopher Shaw, Draga Toncheva, Leonard H. van den Berg, Liene Nikitina-Zake, Morten Mattingsdal, François Salachas, Andrey Khrunin, Line Olsen, Jochen H. Weishaupt, Jo Knight, Katie Sidle, Filip Eftimov, Massimiliano Filosto, Russell L. McLaughlin, Pak C. Sham, Joshua L. Roffman, Thomas Hansen, Naser Durmishi, Deborah A. Nertney, Juha Karjalainen, Robert Swingler, Ditte Demontis, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Jennifer L. Moran, Leo McCluskey, Donald W. Black, Eric F.C. Cheung, Qiang Wang, Olli Pietilainen, Vera Golimbet, Anna K. Kähler, Clement C. Zai, Nigel Williams, Annelie Nordin, Wolfgang Maier, Bradley N. Smith, Ettore Beghi, Rosa Capozzo, Garth A. Nicholson, Markus M. Nöuthen, Jordan W. Smoller, Eric Y.H. Chen, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Letizia Mazzini, Andrea Malaspina, Antonio Julià, Stephanie Williams, Tracey L. Petryshen, Christine Payan, Johan G. Eriksson, Carmel M. Loughland, Elodie Drapeau, Lieuwe de Haan, Martin Begemann, Lukas Tittmann, Franziska Degenhardt, Mark Reimers, Jurgen Del Favero, Jacqueline I. Goldstein, Annelot M. Dekker, Sergi Papiol, Svetlana A. Limborska, René S. Kahn, Shuna Colville, Kelly L. Williams, Pamela Sklar, Diana O. Perkins, Lili Milani, Ayman H. Fanous, Nicola Ticozzi, Fernando Rivadeneira, Marianne de Visser, P. Nigel Leigh, James T.R. Walters, Josef Frank, Aiden Corvin, Silviu Alin Bacanu, John L. Waddington, Stephanie H. Witt, Tiina Paunio, Margot Albus, Catherine Lomen-Hoerth, Sara Marsal, Per Hoffmann, David Curtis, Cindy Maurel, Todd Lencz, Orietta Pansarasa, Manuel Mattheisen, Anneke J. van der Kooi, A. Hofman, Dermot Walsh, Hailiang Huang, Ann Olincy, Anders D. Børglum, Ricardo Rojas-García, William Sproviero, Albert C. Ludolph, Edward M. Scolnick, Danielle Posthuma, George N. Papadimitriou, Michael A. van Es, Fritz Zimprich, F. Anthony O'Neill, Lude Franke, Jouko Lönnqvist, Daniel G. Bradley, Sven Cichon, Susanna Abdulla, Kristel R. van Eijk, Ingrid Agartz, Elisabetta Pupillo, Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic, Antonia Ratti, Henrik B. Rasmussen, Kari Stefansson, Brendan Bulik-Sullivan, Béla Melegh, Stéphanie Millecamps, Janis Klovins, Enrico Domenici, Michael Sendtner, Kai-How Farh, Randy L. Buckner, Albert Hofman, Benjamin M. Neale, Naomi R. Wray, An Goris, Kang Sim, Lauren Elman, Giulio Genovese, Jens R. Wendland, Rita M. Cantor, Ariel Darvasi, Christina M. Hultman, Sandra D'Alfonso, Cristina Moglia, Carlos N. Pato, Sena Karachanak-Yankova, Nicholas John Craddock, Richard W. Orrell, Richard Bruggeman, Kenneth S. Kendler, Alan M. Pittman, Robin M. Murray, Richard E. Straub, Cathryn M. Lewis, Srdjan Djurovic, Vincent Meininger, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Phil Lee, David J. Kavanagh, Srihari Gopal, Igor Nenadic, Matthew C. Keller, Christian R. Schubert, Jacob Gratten, Alexandra Durr, Roger Pamphlett, Douglas F. Levinson, Luba Kalaydjieva, Chiara Zecca, Anil K. Malhotra, Andre Franke, Vaughan J. Carr, Steven A. McCarroll, C. Robert Cloninger, Judit Bene, Ina Giegling, Wei Cheng, Hualin Simon Xi, Thomas Werge, Eric Strengman, Susanne Petri, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Mark Hansen, Patrick F. Sullivan, Kieran C. Murphy, Inge Joa, Complex Trait Genetics, McLaughlin, Russell L, Schijven, Dick, Van Rheenen, Wouter, Van Eijk, Kristel R, O'Brien, Margaret, Kahn, René S, Ophoff, Roel A, Goris, An, Bradley, Daniel G, Al-Chalabi, Ammar, Van Den Berg, Leonard H, Luykx, Jurjen J, Hardiman, Orla, Veldink, Jan H, Lee, S Hong, Project MinE GWAS Consortium, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Kučinskas, Vaidutis, Kučinskienė, Zita Aušrelė, Other departments, Neurology, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Adult Psychiatry, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortiumz, Germeys, Inez, Robberecht, Wim, and Van Damme, Philip
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Linkage disequilibrium, Multifactorial Inheritance, General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association study, Comorbidity, VARIANTS, Neurodegenerative, Biochemistry, DISEASE, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, Linkage Disequilibrium, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics research, Odds Ratio, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Aetiology, ARCHITECTURE, Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry (all), Motor neuron disease, Schizophrenia, BIPOLAR DISORDER, Single Nucleotide, Serious Mental Illness, 3. Good health, Mental Health, RC0346, motor neuron disease, Project MinE GWAS Consortium, medicine.medical_specialty, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Science, European Continental Ancestry Group, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Physics and Astronomy (all), Rare Diseases, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, MD Multidisciplinary, mental disorders, medicine, Genetics, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Family, Bipolar disorder, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Polymorphism, Biology, METAANALYSIS, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Human Genome, Case-control study, 3112 Neurosciences, Neurosciences, General Chemistry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, R1, Brain Disorders, 030104 developmental biology, genetics research, Case-Control Studies, RC0321, Linear Models, PLEIOTROPY, Human medicine, 3111 Biomedicine, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), ALS, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: We have previously shown higher-than-expected rates of schizophrenia in relatives of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting an aetiological relationship between the diseases. Here, we investigate the genetic relationship between ALS and schizophrenia using genome-wide association study data from over 100,000 unique individuals. Using linkage disequilibrium score regression, we estimate the genetic correlation between ALS and schizophrenia to be 14.3% (7.05–21.6; P=1 × 10−4) with schizophrenia polygenic risk scores explaining up to 0.12% of the variance in ALS (P=8.4 × 10−7). A modest increase in comorbidity of ALS and schizophrenia is expected given these findings (odds ratio 1.08–1.26) but this would require very large studies to observe epidemiologically. We identify five potential novel ALS-associated loci using conditional false discovery rate analysis. It is likely that shared neurobiological mechanisms between these two disorders will engender novel hypotheses in future preclinical and clinical studies., Relatives of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have an unexpectedly high incidence of schizophrenia. Here, the authors show a genetic link between the two conditions, suggesting shared neurobiological mechanisms.
Published: 2017

26. Genome-wide association analyses identify new risk variants and the genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author: Aleksey Shatunov, An Goris, John Hardy, Thomas F. Meyer, Sandra D'Alfonso, Christian A. Hübner, Karol Estrada, Susana Pinto, Cristina Moglia, Perry T.C. van Doormaal, Simona Arcuti, Thomas Meitinger, Siddharthan Chandran, Kim A. Staats, Cinzia Bertolin, Peter M. Andersen, Ricardo Rojas-García, William Sproviero, Katie Sidle, François Salachas, Robert Swingler, Anna M. Blokhuis, Thomas M. Ringer, Emily P. McCann, Garth A. Nicholson, Lude Franke, Sven Cichon, Julian Grosskreutz, Markus M. Nöthen, Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, Lukas Tittmann, Jennifer A. Fifita, Christian R. Andres, Alice Vajda, Viviana Pensato, Lauren Elman, Gijs H.P. Tazelaar, Christian Lunetta, Patrick Vourc'h, Christopher Shaw, Gilbert Bensimon, Orla Hardiman, Kuang Lin, Pamela J. Shaw, Alessandro Padovani, Massimiliano Filosto, Jan H. Veldink, Boris Rogelj, Giacomo P. Comi, Matthew C. Kiernan, Philippe Corcia, Giancarlo Logroscino, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Blaž Koritnik, Safaa Saker-Delye, Ian P. Blair, Alexis Brice, Jochen H. Weishaupt, Gianni Sorarù, Maura Brunetti, Alan M. Pittman, Vincenzo Silani, Cindy Maurel, Alexandra Durr, Catherine Lomen-Hoerth, Matthew R. Robinson, Russell L. McLaughlin, Martina Wiedau-Pazos, Chiara Zecca, Nilo Riva, Ashley R. Jones, Andre Franke, Tune H. Pers, Roberto Del Bo, Dominic B. Rowe, Susanne Petri, Sara L. Pulit, John Q. Trojanowski, Wim Robberecht, Christine Payan, Otto W. Witte, Katharine Y. Zhang, Jesus S. Mora, Rick A.A. van der Spek, Urmo Võsa, Kevin P. Kenna, Marcella Rietschel, Milena Radivojkov-Blagojevic, Tino Prell, Philip Van Damme, Leja Dolenc Grošelj, Androniki Menelaou, Beatrice Stubendorff, Cristina Cereda, Kristel R. van Eijk, Leo McCluskey, Jean-François Dartigues, Rosa Capozzo, Markus Weber, Cinzia Tiloca, Michael A. van Es, Wouter van Rheenen, Paul I.W. de Bakker, Carsten Drepper, Bradley N. Smith, Ettore Beghi, Jian Yang, Peter M. Visscher, Hamid Hamzeiy, John Landers, A. Nazli Basak, Hylke M. Blauw, Annelot M. Dekker, Richard W. Orrell, Silvana Penco, Fernando Rivadeneira, Marianne de Visser, Ceren Tunca, Cathryn M. Lewis, Vincent Meininger, Andrea Malaspina, Raymond D. Schellevis, Leonard H. van den Berg, Rosanna Tortelli, Shuna Colville, Anneke J. van der Kooi, Ingo Kurth, Roger Pamphlett, Stéphanie Millecamps, Janez Zidar, Michael Sendtner, Simone de Jong, Roel A. Ophoff, Mamede de Carvalho, Karen E. Morrison, Robbert Jan Stuit, Letizia Mazzini, Jonathan D. Glass, Yesim Parman, Albert Hofman, Lea Leonardis, Naomi R. Wray, Meraida Polak, William J. Brands, Susanne Abdulla, Bernard Muller, Cinzia Gellera, Max Koppers, Pietro Fratta, John Powell, Charles Curtis, Peter Lichtner, Frank P. Diekstra, Adriano Chiò, Isabella Fogh, Federico Casale, Nicholas W. Wood, Katarina Vrabec, André G. Uitterlinden, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, Gerome Breen, Wolfgang Lieb, Oliver Harschnitz, Nicola Ticozzi, P. Nigel Leigh, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, Simon Topp, Metka Ravnik-Glavač, Christophe Tzourio, Robert H. Brown, Andrea Calvo, Orietta Pansarasa, Jelena Medic, Albert C. Ludolph, Elisabetta Pupillo, Antonia Ratti, Philippe Amouyel, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Erasmus MC other, Pediatric Surgery, Internal Medicine, Epidemiology, Neurology, and ANS - Neurodegeneration
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Population, EFFICIENT, Genome-wide association study, Locus (genetics), Biology, SUSCEPTIBILITY, SEQUENCE, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Munc18 Proteins, medicine, Journal Article, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Comparative Study, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, education, POPULATION, Genetic association, Netherlands, PITFALLS, education.field_of_study, HEXANUCLEOTIDE REPEAT, COMPLEX, Project MinE, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Proteins, PATHWAYS, FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA, medicine.disease, Genetic architecture, Cytoskeletal Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, ALS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Imputation (genetics), Myelin Proteins, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Copyright © 2016, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved., To elucidate the genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and find associated loci, we assembled a custom imputation reference panel from whole-genome-sequenced patients with ALS and matched controls (n = 1,861). Through imputation and mixed-model association analysis in 12,577 cases and 23,475 controls, combined with 2,579 cases and 2,767 controls in an independent replication cohort, we fine-mapped a new risk locus on chromosome 21 and identified C21orf2 as a gene associated with ALS risk. In addition, we identified MOBP and SCFD1 as new associated risk loci. We established evidence of ALS being a complex genetic trait with a polygenic architecture. Furthermore, we estimated the SNP-based heritability at 8.5%, with a distinct and important role for low-frequency variants (frequency 1-10%). This study motivates the interrogation of larger samples with full genome coverage to identify rare causal variants that underpin ALS risk.
Published: 2016

27. Defining the spectrum of frontotemporal dementias associated with TARDBP mutations

Author: Isabelle Le Ber, Agnès Camuzat, Véronique Golfier, John C. van Swieten, Serena Lattante, Serge Belliard, Alexis Brice, Bernard Laurent, Sophie Auriacombe, Stéphanie Millecamps, Bruno Dubois, Lena Guillot-Noel, Catherine Thomas-Antérion, Philippe Couratier, Tsz Hang Wong, Paola Caroppo, Fabienne Clot, Marc Teichmann, The Foundation 'Carlo Besta' Institute of Neurology ( IRCCS ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs ( EMC ), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ), Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Neurology
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Genetic counseling, Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA, TARDBP, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mental disorders, Genotype, Medicine, Family history, frontotemporal dementias, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, business.industry, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Phenotype, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), business, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: We describe the largest series of patients with TARDBP mutations presenting with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and review the cases in the literature to precisely characterize FTD diseases associated with this genotype.Methods: The phenotypic characteristics of 29 TARDBP patients, including 10 new French and Dutch cases and 19 reviewed from the literature, were evaluated.Results: The most frequent phenotype was a behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), but a significant proportion (40%) of our patients had semantic (svFTD) or nonfluent variants (nfvFTD) at onset; and svFTD was significantly more frequent in TARDBP carriers than in other FTD genotypes (p < 0.001). Remarkably, only a minority (40%) of our patients secondarily developed amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Two patients carried a homozygous mutation but strikingly different phenotypes (bvFTD and ALS) indicating that homozygosity does not result in a specific phenotype. Earlier age at onset in children than parent's generations, mimicking an apparent “anticipation” (21.8 ± 9.3 years, p = 0.001), and possible reduced penetrance were present in most families.Conclusions: This study enlarges the phenotypic spectrum of TARDBP and will have important clinical implications: (1) FTD can be the only clinical manifestation of TARDBP mutations; (2) Initial language or semantic disorders might be indicative of a specific genotype; (3) Mutations should be searched in all FTD phenotypes after exclusion of major genes, even in the absence of ALS in the proband or in family history; (4) reduced penetrance and clinical variability should be considered to deliver appropriate genetic counseling.
Published: 2016

28. Recurrent G41S mutation in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1) causing familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a large Polish family

Author: Anna Łusakowska, François Salachas, Magdalena Kuźma-Kozakiewicz, Stefania Battistini, Paola Carrera, Cezary Zekanowski, Claudia Ricci, Hubert Kwieciński, Stéphanie Millecamps, Mariusz Berdyński, Justyna Kubiszewska, and Vincent Meininger
Subjects: Adult, Male, DNA Mutational Analysis, SOD1, Biology, Superoxide dismutase, Superoxide Dismutase-1, medicine, Humans, Point Mutation, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gene, Aged, Family Health, Genetics, Superoxide Dismutase, Point mutation, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Haplotype, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Phenotype, Neurology, Mutation (genetic algorithm), biology.protein, Female, France, Poland, Neurology (clinical), Founder effect
Abstract: Mutations in the superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene have been found in 12-23% of patients with a diagnosis of ALS. Here we describe a large ALS Polish family with a branch in France, carrying a G41S mutation in the SOD1, and characterized by an early onset of the disease and extremely short survival time. The mutation has been initially detected in Italian ALS families with common founder effect. However, in the Polish population the G41S mutation most probably originated from an independent mutation event, as indicated by haplotype analysis. Collected data support the hypothesis that a SOD1 mutation is not the sole factor determining the clinical ALS phenotype.
Published: 2011

29. Fronto-temporal lobar degeneration: neuropathology in 60 cases

Author: Marie Sarazin, Alexis Brice, Pierre-François Pradat, Bruno Dubois, Lucette Lacomblez, François Salachas, Stéphanie Millecamps, Vincent Meininger, Jean-Jacques Hauw, Isabelle Le Ber, Danielle Seilhean, Nadine Le Forestier, Eric LeGuern, and Charles Duyckaerts
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Nerve Tissue Proteins, tau Proteins, Neuropathology, Biology, Statistics, Nonparametric, Cortex (anatomy), mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Subiculum, Brain, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Organ Size, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Middle Aged, Motor neuron, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Neurology (clinical), Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Abstract: Sixty cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) were collected over 22 years. Brain weight was negatively correlated with disease duration. The neuronal and/or glial inclusions were labeled by anti-TDP, anti-FUS or anti-TAU antibodies, respectively, in 40, 3 and 12 cases. In the FTLD-TDP group, mutation of the progranulin gene was found in four cases (FTD-GRN), with nuclear, cat eye inclusions and severe neuronal loss in CA1 and subiculum. The motor neurons were involved in 27 cases (fronto-temporal dementia with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis = FTD-ALS). Familial FTD-ALS cases lived longer than sporadic ones. In nine cases, there was no ALS, no GRN mutation (FTD-NAP). The cases in the FTD-ALS and FTD-NAP subgroups were of Sampathu type 2 (TDP-positive inclusions located mostly in cell bodies and short neurites) with the exception of five cases which belonged to type 1 (long TDP-positive neurites in the superficial layers of the cortex). All of the FTLD-FUS of this series cases were affected by neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID). They were young. The survival was short. In the FTLD-tau group, mutations P301P (previously not recognized as pathogenic), P301L and S305N were identified. Pick disease (n = 5) appeared as a homogeneous sporadic disorder. The current nomenclature allows the neuropathological classification of nearly all the cases of FTD. The prevalence of the different types of FTD is tightly linked to the recruitment. This series was enriched in motor neuron disease (explaining the overall predominance of type 2 TDP inclusions).
Published: 2011

30. New movements in neurofilament transport, turnover and disease

Author: Jean-Pierre Julien, Devin M. Barry, Michael L. Garcia, Stéphanie Millecamps, University of Missouri [Columbia] (Mizzou), University of Missouri System, Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CRCHUQ), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: Neurofilament, Protein subunit, Dynein, Intermediate Filaments, Disease, Biology, Axonal Transport, Nervous System, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Neurofilament Proteins, Slow axonal transport, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Intermediate filament, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cell Biology, Axons, Cell biology, Protein Subunits, Biochemistry, Mutation, Phosphorylation, Kinesin, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Revealing the mechanisms by which neurofilament transport and turnover are regulated has proven difficult over the years but recent studies have given new insight into these processes. Mature neurofilament fibers may incorporate a fourth functional subunit, alpha-internexin, as new evidence suggests. Recent findings have made the role of phosphorylation in regulating neurofilament transport velocity controversial. Kinesin and dynein may transport neurofilaments in slow axonal transport as they have been found to associate with neurofilaments. Neurofilament transport and turnover rates may be reduced depending on the existing stationary neurofilament network. Finally, mutations in neurofilament light that have been linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease as well as other neurofilament abnormalities in human disease are discussed.
Published: 2007

31. TBK1 mutation frequencies in French frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cohorts

Author: Isabelle Le Ber, Anne De Septenville, Stéphanie Millecamps, Agnès Camuzat, Paola Caroppo, Philippe Couratier, Frédéric Blanc, Lucette Lacomblez, François Sellal, Marie-Céline Fleury, Vincent Meininger, Cécile Cazeneuve, Fabienne Clot, Olivier Flabeau, Eric LeGuern, Alexis Brice, Sophie Auriacombe, Mira Didic, Bruno Dubois, Véronique Golfier, Didier Hannequin, Richard Levy, Bernard-François Michel, Florence Pasquier, Catherine Thomas-Anterion, Michèle Puel, François Salachas, and Martine Vercelletto
Subjects: Aging, Mutation rate, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, Mutation Rate, C9orf72, mental disorders, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Loss function, Genetic Association Studies, Optineurin, Genetics, Mutation, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Frontotemporal Dementia, Neurology (clinical), France, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Developmental Biology, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: TANK1-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) has been recently identified as a new amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) gene. Loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in TBK1 could be responsible for 0.4%-4% of ALS. Considering the strong genetic overlap existing between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and ALS, we have evaluated the frequencies of TBK1 mutations in a cohort of French FTD and of ALS patients. We identified 5 LoF mutations, in 4 FTD-ALS and 1 ALS patients. We also identified 5 heterozygous missense variants, predicted to be deleterious, in 1 isolated FTD, 1 FTD-ALS, and 3 ALS cases. Our results demonstrate that TBK1 loss-of-function mutations are more frequent in patients with FTD-ALS (10.8%) than in isolated ALS. TBK1 should thus also be sequenced, after exclusion of C9orf72 mutation, in patients presenting FTD, particularly in cases secondarily associated with ALS.
Published: 2015

32. Haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes familial ALS and fronto-temporal dementia

Author: Susana Pinto, Axel Freischmidt, Thomas Wieland, Markus Otto, Emilien Bernard, Dietmar Rudolf Thal, Peter M Andersen, Stéphanie Millecamps, Nicolai Marroquin, Marie-Hélène Soriani, Albert C. Ludolph, Andrea Sylvia Winkler, Alexander E Volk, Marisa S. Feiler, Annemarie Hübers, Veronique Schaeffer, Johannes Dorst, Benjamin Richter, Kathrin Muller, Wolfgang Ruf, Claude Desnuelle, Petri Kursula, Tobias M. Boeckers, Jochen H. Weishaupt, Ulrika Nordström, Ivan Dikic, Frida Nordin, Elisabeth Graf, Karin M Danzer, Rayomond Press, Thomas F. Meyer, Patrick Weydt, Mamede de Carvalho, Thomas Meitinger, Thomas Brännström, Stefan Putz, Juliane Winkelman, Nicolas Molko, Peter Lichtner, Tim M. Strom, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
Subjects: Male, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Missense, Cell Cycle Proteins, Genome-wide association study, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, Genetic Heterogeneity, Gene Frequency, Transcription Factor TFIIIA, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Exome, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alleles, Cells, Cultured, Exome sequencing, Optineurin, Genetics, Genetic heterogeneity, General Neuroscience, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Membrane Transport Proteins, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Europe, Codon, Nonsense, Frontotemporal Dementia, Female, Haploinsufficiency, Neuroscience, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Copyright © 2015, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved., Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative syndrome hallmarked by adult-onset loss of motor neurons. We performed exome sequencing of 252 familial ALS (fALS) and 827 control individuals. Gene-based rare variant analysis identified an exome-wide significant enrichment of eight loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in TBK1 (encoding TANK-binding kinase 1) in 13 fALS pedigrees. No enrichment of LoF mutations was observed in a targeted mutation screen of 1,010 sporadic ALS and 650 additional control individuals. Linkage analysis in four families gave an aggregate LOD score of 4.6. In vitro experiments confirmed the loss of expression of TBK1 LoF mutant alleles, or loss of interaction of the C-terminal TBK1 coiled-coil domain (CCD2) mutants with the TBK1 adaptor protein optineurin, which has been shown to be involved in ALS pathogenesis. We conclude that haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes ALS and fronto-temporal dementia.
Published: 2015

33. 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium neurotoxicity is attenuated by adenoviral gene transfer of human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase

Author: Philippe Horellou, Jacques Mallet, Martine Barkats, Stéphanie Millecamps, Philippe Colin, Nicole Faucon-Biguet, Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, MESH: Neurotoxicity Syndromes, Tetrazolium Salts, Cell Count, Striatum, MESH: Rotarod Performance Test, Pharmacology, Neuroblastoma, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Genetic Vectors, MESH: Animals, Transgenes, MESH: Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, MESH: Superoxide Dismutase, MESH: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Dopaminergic, Gene Transfer Techniques, Parkinson Disease, MESH: Tetrazolium Salts, Immunohistochemistry, MESH: Motor Activity, Substantia Nigra, Female, Neurotoxicity Syndromes, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase, MESH: Rats, Genetic Vectors, SOD1, MESH: Substantia Nigra, MESH: Thiazoles, MESH: Transgenes, MESH: Gene Transfer Techniques, Substantia nigra, Motor Activity, Neuroprotection, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cell Line, Tumor, Dopaminergic Cell, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Superoxide Dismutase, MESH: Cell Count, Neurotoxicity, MESH: Immunohistochemistry, Genetic Therapy, medicine.disease, MESH: Neuroblastoma, Molecular biology, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Thiazoles, nervous system, Rotarod Performance Test, biology.protein, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, MESH: Gene Therapy, MESH: Female, MESH: Parkinson Disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Oxidative stress has been suggested to be an important mediator of dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the neuroprotective potential of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) overexpression in the rat substantia nigra (SN) following adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. Human dopaminergic SK-N-SH cells were transduced with adenoviral vectors expressing either human SOD1 (Ad-SOD1) or β-galactosidase (Ad-βgal) before exposure to 1 mM of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+). A strong neuroprotective effect of SOD1 gene transfer was observed in the SK-N-SH cells exposed to MPP+ compared with controls. Adult rats were then given unilateral injections of either Ad-SOD1 or Ad-βgal into the striatum, and MPP+ was administered 8 days later at the same location. Strong transgene expression was detected in the SN dopaminergic neurons, a consequence of retrograde axonal transport of the adenoviral particles. The amphetamine-induced rotational behavior of the rats was markedly lower in Ad-SOD1-injected rats than in control animals. Also, behavioral recovery significantly correlated with the number of tyrosine hydrolase-expressing neurons in the SN of the treated rats. These results are consistent with oxidative stress contributing to the MPP+-induced neurodegenerative process. They also indicate that SOD1 gene transfer into the nigrostriatal system may be a potential neuroprotective strategy for treating PD. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2006

34. Muscle cells of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients secrete neurotoxic vesicles

Author: Laura Le Gall, William J. Duddy, Cecile Martinat, Virginie Mariot, Owen Connolly, Vanessa Milla, Ekene Anakor, Zamalou G. Ouandaogo, Stephanie Millecamps, Jeanne Lainé, Udaya Geetha Vijayakumar, Susan Knoblach, Cedric Raoul, Olivier Lucas, Jean Philippe Loeffler, Peter Bede, Anthony Behin, Helene Blasco, Gaelle Bruneteau, Maria Del Mar Amador, David Devos, Alexandre Henriques, Adele Hesters, Lucette Lacomblez, Pascal Laforet, Timothee Langlet, Pascal Leblanc, Nadine Le Forestier, Thierry Maisonobe, Vincent Meininger, Laura Robelin, Francois Salachas, Tanya Stojkovic, Giorgia Querin, Julie Dumonceaux, Gillian Butler Browne, Jose‐Luis González De Aguilar, Stephanie Duguez, and Pierre Francois Pradat
Subjects: Secreted vesicles, Cell–cell communication, MND, sporadic ALS, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935, Human anatomy, QM1-695
Abstract: Abstract Background The cause of the motor neuron (MN) death that drives terminal pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains unknown, and it is thought that the cellular environment of the MN may play a key role in MN survival. Several lines of evidence implicate vesicles in ALS, including that extracellular vesicles may carry toxic elements from astrocytes towards MNs, and that pathological proteins have been identified in circulating extracellular vesicles of sporadic ALS patients. Because MN degeneration at the neuromuscular junction is a feature of ALS, and muscle is a vesicle‐secretory tissue, we hypothesized that muscle vesicles may be involved in ALS pathology. Methods Sporadic ALS patients were confirmed to be ALS according to El Escorial criteria and were genotyped to test for classic gene mutations associated with ALS, and physical function was assessed using the ALSFRS‐R score. Muscle biopsies of either mildly affected deltoids of ALS patients (n = 27) or deltoids of aged‐matched healthy subjects (n = 30) were used for extraction of muscle stem cells, to perform immunohistology, or for electron microscopy. Muscle stem cells were characterized by immunostaining, RT‐qPCR, and transcriptomic analysis. Secreted muscle vesicles were characterized by proteomic analysis, Western blot, NanoSight, and electron microscopy. The effects of muscle vesicles isolated from the culture medium of ALS and healthy myotubes were tested on healthy human‐derived iPSC MNs and on healthy human myotubes, with untreated cells used as controls. Results An accumulation of multivesicular bodies was observed in muscle biopsies of sporadic ALS patients by immunostaining and electron microscopy. Study of muscle biopsies and biopsy‐derived denervation‐naïve differentiated muscle stem cells (myotubes) revealed a consistent disease signature in ALS myotubes, including intracellular accumulation of exosome‐like vesicles and disruption of RNA‐processing. Compared with vesicles from healthy control myotubes, when administered to healthy MNs the vesicles of ALS myotubes induced shortened, less branched neurites, cell death, and disrupted localization of RNA and RNA‐processing proteins. The RNA‐processing protein FUS and a majority of its binding partners were present in ALS muscle vesicles, and toxicity was dependent on the expression level of FUS in recipient cells. Toxicity to recipient MNs was abolished by anti‐CD63 immuno‐blocking of vesicle uptake. Conclusions ALS muscle vesicles are shown to be toxic to MNs, which establishes the skeletal muscle as a potential source of vesicle‐mediated toxicity in ALS.
Published: 2022
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35. Neuronal transfer of the human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene increases the resistance of dopaminergic neurons to 6-hydroxydopamine

Author: Alicia Bilang-Bleuel, Martine Barkats, Jacques Mallet, and Stéphanie Millecamps
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Pars compacta, Dopaminergic, Genetic transfer, SOD1, Substantia nigra, Biochemistry, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, nervous system, Dopamine, Dopaminergic Cell, Internal medicine, biology.protein, medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Several mechanisms are thought to be involved in the progressive decline in neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) that leads to Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which induces parkinsonian symptoms in experimental animals, is thought to be formed endogenously in patients with PD through dopamine (DA) oxidation and may cause dopaminergic cell death via a free radical mechanism. We therefore investigated protection against 6-OHDA by inhibiting oxidative stress using a gene transfer strategy. We overexpressed the antioxidative Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) enzyme in primary culture dopaminergic cells by infection with an adenovirus carrying the human SOD1 gene (Ad-hSOD1). Survival of the dopaminergic cells exposed to 6-OHDA was 50% higher among the SOD1-producing cells than the cells infected with control adenoviruses. In contrast, no significant increased survival of (6-OHDA)-treated dopaminergic cells was observed when they were infected with an adenovirus expressing the H(2) O(2) -scavenging glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme. These results underline the major contribution of superoxide in the dopaminergic cell death process induced by 6-OHDA in primary cultures. Overall, this study demonstrates that the survival of the dopaminergic neurons can be highly increased by the adenoviral gene transfer of SOD1. An antioxidant gene transfer strategy using viral vectors expressing SOD1 is therefore potentially beneficial for protecting dopaminergic neurons in PD.
Published: 2002

36. Adenoviral Retrograde Gene Transfer in Motoneurons Is Greatly Enhanced by Prior Intramuscular Inoculation with Botulinum Toxin

Author: Stéphanie Millecamps, Martine Barkats, Jacques Mallet, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs [APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière] (LGN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Genetic enhancement, Biology, Gene delivery, Recombinant virus, medicine.disease_cause, Adenoviridae, Animals, Genetically Modified, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Superoxide Dismutase-1, 0302 clinical medicine, Tongue, Transduction, Genetic, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Transgenes, Botulinum Toxins, Type A, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Motor Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Superoxide Dismutase, Muscles, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Genetic transfer, Gene Transfer Techniques, Motor neuron, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Axoplasmic transport, Molecular Medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Retrograde axonal transport of recombinant adenoviral vectors has been used successfully to deliver genes to motoneurons in rodents after injection of the vectors into muscles. However, only a small proportion of motoneurons take up and retrogradely transport adenoviral particles, limiting the value of this gene delivery method for the treatment of motor neuron diseases (MNDs). Here we validate a new pharmacological approach for enhancing motoneuronal gene transfer after intramuscular injection of recombinant adenoviruses. We injected botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) into muscles of normal C57BL/6 mice and transgenic mice expressing the G93A mutation in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1-G93A mutation, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) several days before inoculation with adenoviruses. Treatment with BoNT significantly enhanced gene transfer to motoneurons innervating the injected muscles. Modifications in motoneuron transduction appear to be a consequence of toxin-induced nerve sprouting at the end plates. These findings have major implications for devising protocols for preclinical and clinical studies using intramuscular injection of retrogradely transported gene vectors.
Published: 2002

37. ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat length correlates with risk of ALS

Author: Pietro Fratta, Aleksey Shatunov, Isabelle Le Ber, Vincenzo La Bella, Owen A. Ross, Peter M. Andersen, Tim Van Langenhove, François Salachas, Monica Forzan, John Powell, Jan H. Veldink, Andrea Malaspina, Claire Troakes, Maria del Mar Amador, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Nancy M. Bonini, Stéphanie Millecamps, Daniel Stahl, Cinzia Gellera, Aaron D. Gitler, John Hardy, Vincent Meininger, Giovanni Stevanin, Katie Sidle, Serena Lattante, Gianni Sorarù, Ben Gaastra, Leonard H. van den Berg, Christopher Shaw, Philip Van Damme, Guy A. Rouleau, Safa Al-Sarraj, Bing-Wen Soong, Richard W. Orrell, Maryam Shoai, Yi-Chung Lee, Isabella Fogh, Hussein Daoud, Rosa Rademakers, Wim Robberecht, Ashley R. Jones, Wouter van Rheenen, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Bradley N. Smith, Francesca Luisa Conforti, Edor Kabashi, William Sproviero, Sproviero, W., Shatunov, A., Stahl, D., Shoai, M., van Rheenen, W., Jones, A., Al Sarraj, S., Andersen, P., Bonini, N., Conforti, F., Van Damme, P., Daoud, H., Del Mar Amador, M., Fogh, I., Forzan, M., Gaastra, B., Gellera, C., Gitler, A., Hardy, J., Fratta, P., LA BELLA, V., Le Ber, I., Van Langenhove, T., Lattante, S., Lee, Y., Malaspina, A., Meininger, V., Millecamps, S., Orrell, R., Rademakers, R., Robberecht, W., Rouleau, G., Ross, O., Salachas, F., Sidle, K., Smith, B., Soong, B., Sorarù, G., Stevanin, G., Kabashi, E., Troakes, C., van Broeckhoven, C., Veldink, J., van den Berg, L., Shaw, C., Powell, J., and Al Chalabi, A.
Subjects: Male, Expansion, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, ATXN2 gene, Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA, 0302 clinical medicine, Trinucleotide Repeats, Genetic Report Abstract, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Ataxin-2, Genetics, CAG, General Neuroscience, ATXN2, Triplet, 3. Good health, Female, Psychology, Neurovetenskaper, Risk, Neuroscience(all), Age of onset, Clinical Neurology, 03 medical and health sciences, SCA2, Trinucleotide repeat, Journal Article, medicine, Humans, Allele, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosi, Intermediate expansion, Neuroscience (all), Neurosciences, Exponential risk, Case-control study, medicine.disease, Clinical neurology, Ageing, 030104 developmental biology, Case-Control Studies, Human medicine, Neurology (clinical), ALS, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Meta-Analysis, Developmental Biology
Abstract: We investigated a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the ATXN2 gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Two new case-control studies, a British dataset of 1474 ALS cases and 567 controls, and a Dutch dataset of 1328 ALS cases and 691 controls were analyzed. In addition, to increase power, we systematically searched PubMed for case-control studies published after 1 August 2010 that investigated the association between ATXN2 intermediate repeats and ALS. We conducted a meta-analysis of the new and existing studies for the relative risks of ATXN2 intermediate repeat alleles of between 24 and 34 CAG trinucleotide repeats and ALS. There was an overall increased risk of ALS for those carrying intermediate sized trinucleotide repeat alleles (odds ratio 3.06 [95% confidence interval 2.37-3.94]; p = 6 × 10(-18)), with an exponential relationship between repeat length and ALS risk for alleles of 29-32 repeats (R(2) = 0.91, p = 0.0002). No relationship was seen for repeat length and age of onset or survival. In contrast to trinucleotide repeat diseases, intermediate ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat expansion in ALS does not predict age of onset but does predict disease risk. publisher: Elsevier articletitle: ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat length correlates with risk of ALS journaltitle: Neurobiology of Aging articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.11.010 content_type: article copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. ispartof: Neurobiology of Aging vol:51 pages:178- ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2017

38. System xC− is a mediator of microglial function and its deletion slows symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice

Author: Stéphanie Millecamps, Carole Escartin, Michel Mallat, Sakina Zaidi, Hideyo Sato, Christian S. Lobsiger, Séverine Boillée, Danielle Seilhean, Pinar Mesci, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives - UMR 9199 (LMN), Service MIRCEN (MIRCEN), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yamagata University, This work was supported by the Thierry Latran Foundation, the Association pour la Recherche sur la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et autres Maladies du Motoneurone, NRJ-Institut de France and European FP7 International Reintegration Marie Curie Grant, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Lipopolysaccharides, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Excitotoxicity, SLC7A11, medicine.disease_cause, neuroinflammation, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, motoneuron, Cerebral Cortex, Motor Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Neurodegeneration, Glutathione, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokines, Microglia, excitotoxicity, Amino Acid Transport System ASC, medicine.medical_specialty, SOD1, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, Nitric Oxide, Neuroprotection, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Neuroinflammation, 030304 developmental biology, Superoxide Dismutase, xCT, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Original Articles, Motor neuron, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Endocrinology, nervous system, Animals, Newborn, Mutation, biology.protein, Neurology (clinical), ALS, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common adult-onset motor neuron disease and evidence from mice expressing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-causing SOD1 mutations suggest that neurodegeneration is a non-cell autonomous process where microglial cells influence disease progression. However, microglial-derived neurotoxic factors still remain largely unidentified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. With excitotoxicity being a major mechanism proposed to cause motor neuron death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, our hypothesis was that excessive glutamate release by activated microglia through their system [Formula: see text] (a cystine/glutamate antiporter with the specific subunit xCT/Slc7a11) could contribute to neurodegeneration. Here we show that xCT expression is enriched in microglia compared to total mouse spinal cord and absent from motor neurons. Activated microglia induced xCT expression and during disease, xCT levels were increased in both spinal cord and isolated microglia from mutant SOD1 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice. Expression of xCT was also detectable in spinal cord post-mortem tissues of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and correlated with increased inflammation. Genetic deletion of xCT in mice demonstrated that activated microglia released glutamate mainly through system [Formula: see text]. Interestingly, xCT deletion also led to decreased production of specific microglial pro-inflammatory/neurotoxic factors including nitric oxide, TNFa and IL6, whereas expression of anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective markers such as Ym1/Chil3 were increased, indicating that xCT regulates microglial functions. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice, xCT deletion surprisingly led to earlier symptom onset but, importantly, this was followed by a significantly slowed progressive disease phase, which resulted in more surviving motor neurons. These results are consistent with a deleterious contribution of microglial-derived glutamate during symptomatic disease. Therefore, we show that system [Formula: see text] participates in microglial reactivity and modulates amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neuron degeneration, revealing system [Formula: see text] inactivation, as a potential approach to slow amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease progression after onset of clinical symptoms.
Published: 2014

39. Neuron-restrictive silencer elements mediate neuron specificity of adenoviral gene expression

Author: Jacques Mallet, Vincent Navarro, Hélène Kiefer, Jean-Jacques Robert, Françoise Finiels, Stéphanie Millecamps, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Martine Barkats, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs [APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière] (LGN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoires Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, Ministère de l’Education Nationale de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Association Française contre les Myopathies, Association Française Retinis Pigmentosa, Institut de Recherche sur la Moelle Epinière, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, Conseil Régional d’Ile-de-France, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Rhône-Poulenc CRA
Subjects: [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Adenoviridae Infections, central nervous system gene therapy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Transgene, Genetic Vectors, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Injections, Intramuscular, PC12 Cells, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Adenoviridae, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, medicine, Animals, Tissue Distribution, Luciferase, Transgenes, Luciferases, Promoter Regions, Genetic, gene transfer, 030304 developmental biology, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Brain, Genetic Therapy, Transfection, Molecular biology, Rats, Phosphoglycerate Kinase, Gene Expression Regulation, Cell culture, Regulatory sequence, adenoviral vector, motor neuron disease, Molecular Medicine, Female, Ectopic expression, neuron specific expression, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; Neuron-restrictive silencer elements (NRSEs) were used to target the gene expression of adenoviral vectors specifically to neuron cells in the central nervous system. By generating adenoviral constructs in which NRSE sequences were placed upstream from the ubiquitous phosphoglycerate kinase promoter, the specificity of expression of a luciferase reporter gene was tested in both cell lines and primary cultures. Whereas transgene expression was negligible in nonneuronal cells following infection with an adenovirus containing 12 NRSEs, neuronal cells strongly expressed luciferase when infected with the same adenovirus. The NRSEs restricted expression of the luciferase gene to neuronal cells in vivo when adenoviruses were injected both intramuscularly into mice and intracerebrally into rats. This NRSE strategy may avoid side effects resulting from the ectopic expression of therapeutic genes in the treatment of neurological diseases. In particular, it may allow the direct transfection of motor neurons without promoting transgene expression within inoculated muscles or the secretion of transgene products into the bloodstream.
Published: 1999

40. SQSTM1 mutations in French patients with frontotemporal dementia or frontotemporal dementia with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author: Audrey Gabelle, Isabelle Le Ber, Kawtar Bouya-Ahmed, Stéphanie Millecamps, Timothée Lenglet, Agnès Camuzat, Morwena Latouche, Alexis Brice, Didier Hannequin, John Hardy, Mira Didic, Edor Kabashi, Dominique Campion, Jose Bras, Anne de Septenville, Rita Guerreiro, and Gaël Nicolas
Subjects: Oncology, Proband, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Guanine, Neuropsychological Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Cohort Studies, Internal medicine, mental disorders, Sequestosome-1 Protein, Medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Aged, Family Health, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Mutation, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Brain, Organotechnetium Compounds, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, nervous system diseases, Frontotemporal Dementia, Cohort, Female, Neurology (clinical), France, business, Cohort study, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: Importance Mutations in the SQSTM1 gene, coding for p62, are a cause of Paget disease of bone and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recently, SQSTM1 mutations were confirmed in ALS, and mutations were also identified in 3 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), suggesting a role for SQSTM1 in FTD. Objective To evaluate the exact contribution of SQSTM1 to FTD and FTD with ALS (FTD-ALS) in an independent cohort of patients. Design A SQSTM1 mutation was first identified in a multiplex family with FTD by use of whole-exome sequencing. To evaluate the frequency of SQSTM1 mutations, we sequenced this gene in a cohort of patients with FTD or FTD-ALS, with no mutations in known FTD and ALS genes. Setting Primary care or referral center. Participants An overall cohort of 188 French patients, including 132 probands with FTD and 56 probands with FTD-ALS. Main Outcomes and Measures Frequency of SQSTM1 mutations in patients with FTD or FTD-ALS; description of associated phenotypes. Results We identified 4 heterozygous missense mutations in 4 unrelated families with FTD; only 1 family had clinical symptoms of Paget disease of bone, and only 1 family had clinical symptoms of FTD-ALS, possibly owing to the low penetrance of some of the clinical manifestations. Conclusions and Relevance Although the frequency of the mutations is low in our series (4 of 188 patients [2%]), our results, similar to those already reported, support a direct pathogenic role of p62 in different types of FTD.
Published: 2013

41. Mutations in SQSTM1 encoding p62 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: genetics and neuropathology

Author: Guillaume Bataillon, Vincent Meininger, Danielle Seilhean, Takahiro Takeda, Séverine Boillée, Elisa Teyssou, Brahima Doukouré, Véronique Sazdovitch, Vincent Lebon, Cécile Cazeneuve, François Salachas, Stéphanie Millecamps, Eric LeGuern, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and MILLECAMPS, Stéphanie
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.MHEP.AHA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Heterozygote, Neuropathology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequestosome 1, Sequestosome-1 Protein, Genetic predisposition, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Missense mutation, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Aged, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Ubiquitin, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Intron, Brain, Heterozygote advantage, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, Female, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Mutations in SQSTM1 encoding the sequestosome 1/p62 protein have recently been identified in familial and sporadic cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). p62 is a component of the ubiquitin inclusions detected in degenerating neurons in ALS patients. We sequenced SQSTM1 in 90 French patients with familial ALS (FALS) and 74 autopsied ALS cases with sporadic ALS (SALS). We identified, at the heterozygote state, one missense c.1175C>T, p.Pro392Leu (exon 8) in one of our FALS and one substitution in intron 7 (the c.1165+1G>A, previously called IVS7+1 G-A, A390X) affecting the exon 7 splicing site in one SALS. These mutations that are located in the ubiquitin-associated domain (UBA domain) of the p62 protein have already been described in Paget’s disease and ALS patients carrying these mutations had both concomitant Paget’s disease. However, we also identified two novel missense mutations in two SALS: the c.259A>G, p.Met87Val in exon 2 and the c.304A>G, p.Lys102Glu in exon 3. These mutations that were not detected in 360 control subjects are possibly pathogenic. Neuropathology analysis of three patients carrying SQSTM1 variants revealed the presence of large round p62 inclusions in motor neurons, and immunoblot analysis showed an increased p62 and TDP-43 protein levels in the spinal cord. Our results confirm that SQSTM1 gene mutations could be the cause or genetic susceptibility factor of ALS in some patients.
Published: 2013

42. Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases

Author: Jean-Pierre Julien, Stéphanie Millecamps, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CRCHUQ), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Biology, Mitochondrion, Axonal Transport, Synapse, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Organelle, medicine, Animals, Humans, Axon, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Anterograde axonal transport, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Axoplasmic transport, Soma, Neuron, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The intracellular transport of organelles along an axon is crucial for the maintenance and function of a neuron. Anterograde axonal transport has a role in supplying proteins and lipids to the distal synapse and mitochondria for local energy requirements, whereas retrograde transport is involved in the clearance of misfolded and aggregated proteins from the axon and the intracellular transport of distal trophic signals to the soma. Axonal transport can be affected by alterations to various components of the transport machinery. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about axonal transport defects that might contribute to the pathogenesis of particular neurodegenerative diseases.
Published: 2013

43. C9ORF72 repeat expansions in the frontotemporal dementias spectrum of diseases: a flow-chart for genetic testing

Author: Patrice Verpillat, Isabelle Le Ber, François Sellal, Michèle Puel, Marie Fleury, Lena Guillot-Noel, Catherine Thomas-Antérion, Sophie Rivaud-Péchoux, Isabelle Wargon, Didier Hannequin, Frédéric Blanc, Vincent Deramecourt, Florence Pasquier, Merle Ruberg, Lucette Lacomblez, Philippe Couratier, Martine Vercelletto, Jérémie Pariente, Cyril Goizet, Alexis Brice, Véronique Golfier, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Karl Mondon, Olivier Martinaud, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve, Eric Berger, William Camu, François Salachas, Bruno Dubois, Mira Didic, Agnès Camuzat, Charles Duyckaerts, Stéphanie Millecamps, Danielle Seilhean, Gabriel Viennet, Bernard-François Michel, Mathilde Sauvée, Vincent Meininger, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle (LIF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR14-IFR49-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurologie générale et maladies inflammatoires du système nerveux [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques (ICHN), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Troubles cognitifs vasculaires et dégénératifs - EA 2691 (TCDV), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Neurologie et thérapeutique expérimentale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR70-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Hôpital Guillaume-et-René-Laennec [Saint-Herblain], Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Service de neurologie, Hôpital pasteur [Colmar], Département de neurologie [Lille], Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Mémoire de Ressource et Recherche (CMRR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Service de neurologie et de neuropsychologie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), The Mediterranean Institute of Neurobiology, Physiologie et physiopathologie de la motricité chez l'homme, Service de Neurologie [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique médicale, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Estrogènes, Expression génique et pathologies du Système Nerveux Central - UFC (E2SNC / ESTROGENES), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR70-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de Neurologie [Lille], Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital Bellevue, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Pathology, MESH: DNA Repeat Expansion, MESH: Genetic Markers, Primary progressive aphasia, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, C9orf72, Software Design, Corticobasal degeneration, MESH: Proteins, MESH: Cohort Studies, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, DNA Repeat Expansion, MESH: Middle Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH: Genetic Testing, General Neuroscience, Parkinsonism, Age Factors, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Penetrance, Pedigree, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Frontotemporal Dementia, Female, Psychology, Frontotemporal dementia, Adult, Genetic Markers, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Pedigree, MESH: Frontotemporal Dementia, Progressive supranuclear palsy, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, MESH: Sex Factors, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Genetic Testing, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic testing, Aged, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Humans, C9orf72 Protein, Proteins, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, nervous system diseases, MESH: Software Design, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Geriatrics and Gerontology, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) refers to a disease spectrum including the behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), primary progressive aphasia (PPA), progressive supranuclear palsy/corticobasal degeneration syndrome (PSP/CBDS), and FTD with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS). A GGGGCC expansion in C9ORF72 is a major cause of FTD and ALS. C9ORF72 was analyzed in 833 bvFTD, FTD-ALS, PPA, and PSP/CBDS probands; 202 patients from 151 families carried an expansion. C9ORF72 expansions were much more frequent in the large subgroup of patients with familial FTD-ALS (65.9%) than in those with pure FTD (12.8%); they were even more frequent than in familial pure ALS, according to estimated frequencies in the literature (23-50%). The frequency of carriers in non-familial FTD-ALS (12.7%) indicates that C9ORF72 should be analyzed even when family history is negative. Mutations were detected in 6.8% of PPA patients, and in 3.2% of patients with a clinical phenotype of PSP, thus enlarging the phenotype spectrum of C9ORF72. Onset was later in C9ORF72 (57.4 years, 95%CI: 55.9-56.1) than in MAPT patients (46.8, 95%CI: 43.0-50.6; p = 0.00001) and the same as in PGRN patients (59.6 years; 95%CI: 57.6-61.7; p = 0.4). ALS was more frequent in C9ORF72 than in MAPT and PGRN patients; onset before age 50 and parkinsonism were indicative of MAPT mutations, whereas hallucinations were indicative of PGRN mutations; prioritization of genetic testing is thus possible. Penetrance was age- and gender-dependent: by age 50, 78% of male carriers were symptomatic, but only 52% of females. This can also guide genetic testing and counseling. A flowchart for genetic testing is thus proposed.
Published: 2013

44. An efficient strategy for detection of known and new mutations of the CYP2D6 gene using single strand conformation polymorphism analysis

Author: J M Lo Guidice, Stéphanie Millecamps, M. Legrand, N. Sabbagh, Urs A. Meyer, F. Broly, D. Marez, Philip M. Boone, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and University Hospital Basel [Basel]
Subjects: Sequence analysis, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Sparteine, Biology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mixed Function Oxygenases, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, law, Genetics, Humans, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Gene, Alleles, Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Polymerase chain reaction, DNA Primers, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Base Sequence, Single-strand conformation polymorphism, 3. Good health, Debrisoquin, DNA sequencer, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6, Haplotypes, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, chemistry, Pharmacogenetics, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, DNA
Abstract: To detect mutations in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D6), we developed a strategy based on single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The efficiency of the method was evaluated by analysing DNA samples from extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM) of debrisoquine. Haplotypes, alleles and mutations of CYP2D6 had previously been characterized in each individual using PCR assays, Xba I restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing. PCR-SSCP results were in complete agreement with those obtained using established methods. All previously characterized mutations were associated with particular shifts in the electrophoretic mobility of DNA fragments allowing their identification. We further tested the efficiency of PCR-SSCP for detecting new CYP2D6 mutations. DNA from a PM subject presumed to carry an unknown non-functional mutant allele of CYP2D6 was amplified and bands with aberrant migration patterns were observed on SSCP gels. Sequence analysis of the corresponding DNA fragments revealed the causative mutations. In this way, a novel non-functional allele of the gene, carrying three previously reported mutations and a new mutation in the third exon which results in a premature termination codon, was characterized. Finally, CYP2D6 SSCP analysis was performed on DNA amplified with fluorescent primers and an automated DNA sequencer was used for SSCP analysis of products. We conclude that the PCR-SSCP approach is a powerful method of identifying simultaneously known and new mutations of the CYP2D6 gene.
Published: 1995

45. Genetic analysis of CHCHD10 in French familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients

Author: Elisa Teyssou, Laura Chartier, Philippe Couratier, Stéphanie Millecamps, Mélanie Albert, Jean-Philippe Camdessanché, Jean-Christophe Antoine, Alexandra Bouscary, François Salachas, Francesco Rotolo, Danielle Seilhean, HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Disease, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Genetic analysis, Cohort Studies, Mitochondrial Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Medicine, Motor neuron disease, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gene, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics, Sanger sequencing, business.industry, General Neuroscience, FTD, Exons, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, symbols, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], France, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, FTLD, business, Sequence Analysis, familial ALS, Neuroscience, Frontotemporal dementia, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: International audience; Mutations in CHCHD10 have been reported as the cause of a large panel of neurological disorders. In order to confirm the contribution of this gene to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease we analyzed the 4 coding exons of CHCHD10 by Sanger sequencing in a cohort of 118 French familial ALS already excluded for all known ALS related genes. We did not find any pathogenic mutation suggesting that CHCHD10 is not a major genetic cause of familial ALS, in France.
Published: 2016

46. Phenotype and genotype analysis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with TARDBP gene mutations

Author: Véronique Danel-Brunaud, William Camu, Paul N. Valdmanis, Nicolas Pageot, Philippe Couratier, Stéphanie Millecamps, Guy A. Rouleau, Kevin Mouzat, François Salachas, Hussein Daoud, Pierre-François Pradat, Veronique V. Belzil, Serge Lumbroso, Hélène Blasco, Nadia Vandenberghe, Philippe Corcia, C. Lionnet, Raul Juntas Morales, Vincent Meininger, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], and CHU Limoges
Subjects: Adult, Male, Genotype, MESH: Age of Onset, SOD1, Genotype Analysis, Biology, MESH: Phenotype, medicine.disease_cause, TARDBP, MESH: Genotype, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Age of Onset, MESH: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Genetic Association Studies, MESH: Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, MESH: Aged, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Humans, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, TARDBP gene, MESH: Adult, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Survival Analysis, MESH: Male, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, MESH: Survival Analysis, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Female, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: To describe the phenotype and phenotype-genotype correlations in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with TARDBP gene mutations. METHODS: French TARDBP+ patients with ALS (n = 28) were compared first to 3 cohorts: 737 sporadic ALS (SALS), 192 nonmutated familial ALS (FALS), and 58 SOD1 + FALS, and then to 117 TARDBP+ cases from the literature. Genotype-phenotype correlations were studied for the most frequent TARDBP mutations. RESULTS: In TARDBP+ patients, onset was earlier (p = 0.0003), upper limb (UL) onset was predominant (p = 0.002), and duration was longer (p = 0.0001) than in patients with SALS. TARDBP+ and SOD1+ groups had the longest duration but diverged for site of onset: 64.3% UL onset for TARDBP+ and 74.1% on lower limbs for SOD1+ (p < 0.0001). The clinical characteristics of our 28 patients were similar to the 117 cases from the literature. In Caucasians, 51.3% of had UL onset, while 58.8% of Asians had bulbar onset (p = 0.02). The type of mutation influenced survival (p < 0.0001), and the G298S1, lying in the TARDBP super rich glycine-residue domain, was associated with the worst survival (27 months). CONCLUSION: Differences in phenotype between the groups as well as the differential influence of TARBDP mutations on survival may help physicians in ALS management and allow refining the strategy of genetic diagnosis.
Published: 2012

47. Phenotype difference between ALS patients with expanded repeats in C9ORF72 and patients with mutations in other ALS-related genes

Author: François Salachas, Cécile Cazeneuve, Véronique Danel-Brunaud, Nadine Le Forestier, Isabelle Le Ber, Vincent Meininger, Gaëlle Bruneteau, Marine Giraudeau, Philippe Corcia, Eric LeGuern, Séverine Boillée, Elisa Teyssou, Lucette Lacomblez, Danielle Seilhean, Alexis Brice, Pierre-François Pradat, William Camu, Nadia Vandenberghe, Carine Moigneu, Stéphanie Millecamps, MILLECAMPS, Stéphanie, Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Tours] (SLA CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris - Espace éthique (AP-HP Espace éthique), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, SOD1, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, TARDBP, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Superoxide Dismutase-1, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, DNA Repeat Expansion, C9orf72 Protein, Superoxide Dismutase, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Age Factors, Proteins, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, DNA-Binding Proteins, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, RNA-Binding Protein FUS, Female, Age of onset, Trinucleotide repeat expansion, Motor neurone disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Frontotemporal dementia
Abstract: Background Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeats in the promoter of the C9ORF72 gene have recently been identified in frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and ALS-FTD and appear as the most common genetic cause of familial (FALS) and sporadic (SALS) forms of ALS. Methods We searched for the C9ORF72 repeat expansion in 950 French ALS patients (225 FALS and 725 SALS) and 580 control subjects and performed genotype-phenotype correlations. Results The repeat expansion was present in 46% of FALS, 8% of SALS and 0% of controls. Phenotype comparisons were made between FALS patients with expanded C9ORF72 repeats and patients carrying another ALS-related gene ( SOD1, TARDBP, FUS ) or a yet unidentified genetic defect. SALS patients with and without C9ORF72 repeat expansions were also compared. The C9ORF72 group presented more frequent bulbar onset both in FALS (p
Published: 2012

48. SOD1, ANG, VAPB, TARDBP, and FUS mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: genotype-phenotype correlations

Author: Véronique Danel-Brunaud, Nadine Le Forestier, Nadia Vandenberghe, Stéphanie Millecamps, Agnès Camuzat, Gaëlle Bruneteau, Didier Hannequin, Isabelle Le Ber, Philippe Couratier, François Salachas, Alexis Brice, Paul H. Gordon, Vincent Meininger, Guy A. Rouleau, Bernard Bricka, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Nathalie Guy, William Camu, Philippe Corcia, Eric LeGuern, Danielle Seilhean, Lucette Lacomblez, Odile Russaouen, Pierre-François Pradat, Cécile Cazeneuve, Lena Guillot-Noel, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de neurologie et pathologie du mouvement, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (SLA), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et autres maladies du motoneurone [CHU Limoges] (SLA CHU Limoges), CHU Limoges, Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Tours] (SLA CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Montpellier] (SLA CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Center of Excellence in Neuromics, Antenne ORL, Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier-Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Centre SLA, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hôpital Roger Salengro-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle (LIF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR14-IFR49-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Center of Excellence in Neuromics, University of Montreal, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Roger Salengro, Service d'anatomie pathologique neurologique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Grelier, Elisabeth, Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]
Subjects: Male, MESH: Vesicular Transport Proteins, MESH: Ribonuclease, Pancreatic, Vesicular Transport Proteins, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Genotype, Missense mutation, Molecular genetics, Age of Onset, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, MESH: Superoxide Dismutase, MESH: Genetic Association Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Genetics, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: RNA-Binding Protein FUS, Middle Aged, VAPB, Neuromuscular disease, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, MESH: Longevity, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Mutation, MESH: Age of Onset, Longevity, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, TARDBP, 03 medical and health sciences, Age Distribution, Motor neurone disease, medicine, Humans, Family, Clinical genetics, MESH: Age Distribution, MESH: Family, Genetic Association Studies, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, Superoxide Dismutase, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, MESH: Adult, Ribonuclease, Pancreatic, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Clinical genetics, Molecular genetics, Motor neurone disease, Neuromuscular disease, RNA-Binding Protein FUS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Age of onset, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: DNA-Binding Proteins
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Mutations in SOD1, ANG, VAPB, TARDBP and FUS genes have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS: The relative contributions of the different mutations to ALS were estimated by systematically screening a cohort of 162 families enrolled in France and 500 controls (1000 chromosomes) using molecular analysis techniques and performing phenotype-genotype correlations. RESULTS: 31 pathogenic missense mutations were found in 36 patients (20 SOD1, 1 ANG, 1 VAPB, 7 TARDBP and 7 FUS). Surprisingly two FUS mutation carriers also harboured ANG variants. One family of Japanese origin with the P56S VAPB mutation was identified. Seven novel mutations (three in SOD1, two in TARDBP, two in FUS) were found. None of them was detected in controls. Segregation of detected mutations with the disease was confirmed in 11 families including five pedigrees carrying the novel mutations. Clinical comparison of SOD1, TARDBP, FUS and other familial ALS patients (with no mutation in the screened genes) revealed differences in site of onset (predominantly lower limbs for SOD1 and upper limbs for TARDBP mutations), age of onset (younger with FUS mutations), and in lifespan (shorter for FUS carriers). One third of SOD1 patients survived more than 7 years: these patients had earlier disease onset than those presenting with a more typical course. Differences were also observed among FUS mutations, with the R521H FUS mutation being associated with longer disease duration. CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies new genetic associations with ALS and provides phenotype-genotype correlations with both previously reported and novel mutations.
Published: 2010

49. Abnormal TDP-43 and FUS proteins in muscles of sporadic IBM: similarities in a TARDBP-linked ALS patient

Author: Odile Dubourg, Vincent Meininger, Aurelio Hernandez Lain, Danielle Seilhean, Stéphanie Millecamps, Jacques Mallet, Pierre-François Pradat, François Salachas, Eric LeGuern, Lucette Lacomblez, Charles Duyckaerts, and Gaëlle Bruneteau
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, TARDBP, Myositis, Inclusion Body, Ubiquitin, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Gene, Mutation, Neurodegeneration, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Deltoid Muscle, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Psychiatry and Mental health, Case-Control Studies, biology.protein, Synuclein, RNA-Binding Protein FUS, Surgery, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract: Abnormal protein deposits are observed in the cytoplasm of sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) muscle. A number of proteins known to be included in s-IBM aggregates have also been described in various neurodegenerative diseases, including ubiquitin, β amyloid peptide, α -synuclein, phosphorylated τ and TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43). In the central nervous system (CNS), TDP-43 aggregates are characteristic of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive neuronal inclusions. Numerous dominant mutations in the TARDBP gene encoding TDP-43 protein have been reported in ALS cases, demonstrating that TDP-43 abnormalities could directly trigger neurodegeneration. The recent discovery of mutations in the gene encoding Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) protein, which shares functional and structural homology with TDP-43, has strengthened the prominence of gene expression-mediating proteins in ALS pathogenesis. Whether muscle TDP-43 aggregates observed in s-IBM are just trashed protein, or whether they are pathogenic, particularly trough RNA metabolism disturbances, remains unknown. We hypothesised that FUS protein could be altered in TDP-43 positive muscles of s-IBM. For this purpose, we investigated the protein muscle expression of TDP-43 and FUS in s-IBM compared to sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS) patients (including one patient with TARDBP gene mutation) and controls. We report abnormal FUS and TDP-43 fragments in s-IBM and TARDBP -linked disease. Five patients with s-IBM, five patients with …
Published: 2010

50. Questioning on the role of D amino acid oxidase in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Author: Cécile Cazeneuve, Nadia Vandenberghe, Eric LeGuern, Gaëlle Bruneteau, Sandra Da Barroca, Alexis Brice, Lucette Lacomblez, William Camu, François Salachas, Stéphanie Millecamps, Pierre-François Pradat, Véronique Danel-Brunaud, Nadine Le Forestier, and Vincent Meininger
Subjects: Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Angiogenin, SOD1, TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43, Biology, VAPB, medicine.disease, TARDBP, Molecular biology, Exon, medicine, Missense mutation, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Abstract: Mitchell et al. (1) recently reported a single heterozygous variant (R199W) in exon 7 of D amino oxidase (DAO) gene in a family with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that showed a probable linkage to the 12q chromosome (Zmax of 2.7 for d12s1646 by bipoint and 1.9 for d12S330 by multipoint analysis) (1). Characteristics of this variant were in favor of its causative role in this family: it was found in three affected members and one obligate carrier, it was absent in 780 controls matched for ethnic background, and it was relatively well-conserved among species. Moreover, cellular studies performed with lentiviral vectors expressing mutant or wild-type DAO protein showed that R199W DAO led to ubiquitin aggregate formation and decreased cellular viability in vitro. Overall, the identification of a second rare variant in another familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) would be of great interest to firmly incriminate DAO in ALS. In an effort to strengthen these data, we sequenced the 10 coding exons (exons 2–11) of DAO and exon–intron junctions (Ensembl reference sequence ENSG00000110887) in 126 unrelated patients living in France presenting probable or definite ALS with at least one ALS-affected relative. Spinal and bulbar onset was noticed in 80.2% and 29.8% of these patients, respectively. The mean disease onset was 58 ± 9 y, and the mean disease duration was 3 ± 2 y. Protocols were approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris. All participants signed a consent form for the research. Mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), angiogenin (ANG), vesicle associated membrane protein associated protein B (VAPB), TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TARDBP), and fused in sarcoma (FUS) have been excluded in these patients (2).
Published: 2010

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