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In higher education, the impact of online educational technology and the online classroom has had a variety of outcomes. This case study aimed to investigate the characteristics of interaction in an online writing course. It was conducted at one of the State Islamic Institutes in Indonesia. One lecturer and 48 pre-service English teachers participated in the study. In the writing course, the pre-service English teachers had to write narrative text, report text, and descriptive text; and the questions related to the material by using Chatbot application. Online observations done in Google Meet and interviews were utilized to gather the data. Content analysis was used to examine the data gathered. The results indicated that teacher-student (class), teacher-student(group), and student-student interactions were applied in the online class to improve the pre-service English teacher’s engagement and comprehension towards English writing skill. Besides, reward, break online room and peer review in online document were detected as effective ways in improving the classroom interaction effectiveness.

The research aimed to describe the translation techniques and translation qualities of Dayak cultural terms. The data were obtained from tatum, an oral culture of Dayak that had been transcribed and rewritten in Dayak Ngaju, Indonesian and English in a book entitled The Ot Danum from Tumbang Miri until Tumbang Rungan. The research used descriptive qualitative method with content analysis. It attempted to explain the translation techniques and translation qualities of Dayak cultural terms that were translated from Dayak Ngaju to Indonesian and from Indonesian to English. The Dayak cultural terms analysed were related to organization, customs, belief, and kinship system of Dayak. The translation techniques of Dayak cultural terms from Dayak Ngaju to Indonesian were pure borrowing, naturalized borrowing, established equivalent, generalization, variant borrowing, description, and amplification, and the translation qualities were 2.80 of accuracy and 2.84 of acceptablity. The Dayak cultural terms found in the target language (Indonesian translation) were decreased in number as the effect of the translation techniques used. The translation technique of Dayak cultural terms from Indonesian to English was pure borrowing, and the translation quality were 3 of accuracy and 2.75 of acceptability.

Phatic communication is a discourse mechanism used primarily to establish and maintain social bonds. It operates differently across societies as well as genders within the same society. Thus, failure to understand such differences might result in misunderstanding and communication breakdowns. This paper discusses the phatic communication of the Javanese, the largest ethnic group in Indonesia. We focus primarily on the Javanese women who represent the majority of the Javanese population. Understanding the unique characteristics of their phatic communication would certainly play an important role in the cross-cultural network. The sociopragmatic approach is used for the analytical procedure to scrutinize the characteristics of Javanese women's phatic communication and the data are collected by taking field notes, conducting in-depth interviews, and distributing Discourse Completion Tasks (DCT) questionnaire. The findings show that Javanese women use phatic communication for initiating a conversation, intensifying camaraderie, pleasing others, expressing happiness, and consoling others. The main function is to sustain social rapport. Some phatic talk topics that may be regarded in certain cultures as intrusive and humiliating, such as those which concern one’s private life, are not considered so among Javanese women. To Javanese women, phatic communication is crucial in maintaining and promoting solidarity. Understanding phatic communication among Javanese women would contribute to successful cross-cultural communication in building social networks and business affairs, definitely.

The need for preparing highly qualified teachers with all the quintessential pedagogical competencies has been acknowledged as a preeminent priority in the educational world. This present study is intended to scrutinize the EFL teachers’ perspectives and preferences in the 21st century pedagogical competence. The study was qualitatively conducted as a case study to retrieve a reputable understanding of the phenomenon. A semi-structured interview and a five-Likert scale questionnaire were used to collect the necessary data. The data of this study were taken from the purposively chosen informants regarding their familiarity and apprehension with the issue of this study. The results demonstrated that the teachers perceived the rapid development of technology and information as the key feature of the 21st-century learning, which is beneficial to furnish more comprehensive learning. Moreover, they predominantly conceived that the term 21st-century pedagogical competence focused on how teachers assimilate technology in the classroom and how to facilitate the students’ creativity due to the widely opened sources of information which positively affect students’ proficiency. It is suggested to consecutively provide more courses and training about confronting the 21st-century education to keep teachers voguish of any adjustments, innovations, and modifications in education.

The realizations of politeness need to be implemented in the process of teaching and learning in the class, especially in English language classroom context. Applying appropriate politeness strategy in talking to the students is very important to create effective teaching and learning process. This study examines politeness strategies used by the native English teacher. It aims to identify the use of politeness strategies realized by the native English teacher in class room interaction. This research was qualitative research method. The participant of the research was one native English teacher who taught EFL students in a university in Indonesia. The data were obtained through the class observation. Those data then were analyzed by using politeness theory proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). The result revealed that all politeness strategies suggested by Brown and Levinson (1987) were applied by the teacher in delivering his speech to the students, such as bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. Negative politeness became the most dominant politeness strategy performed by the native English teacher while the least one was off record. These four strategies were mostly employed by the teacher in order to remind the students, give them commands (task-oriented), praise the students , request the students to do something, make the class more interesting, and motivate the students.

As one of the four English skills that has to be mastered, English learners still see that speaking mastery is challenging. Many of them are difficult to speak, although their writing, reading, and listening skills are good. This research presents a classroom action research of using Instagram in English speaking classroom with students in a private senior high school in Surakarta. The purpose of this research is to propose the use of Instagram as a social media to teach speaking as well as to find out the students' attitude towards the use of Instagram in enhancing their speaking skills. The study revealed that Instagram used in English speaking classroom brings effective meaning for them in learning English. Instagram also brings a positive attitude to students so that they can learn to speak English more easily.

In dealing with the demand for critical and creative thinking skills in the 21st-century, the Indonesiagovernment has implemented 2013 curriculum which promotes higher-order thinking skills (HOTS)in the classroom. However, the implementation of HOTS-based curriculum gave impact to the wayteacher assesses the students' thinking skills as they are expected to be able to design HOTS-basedtest items in assessing students. Accordingly, this study investigated the higher-order thinking skillsrepresented on the test items designed by English teachers of Indonesia at the senior high schoollevel. This study was conducted qualitatively by analyzing four sets of test items, gathered from asenior high school in Indonesia from 2016 to 2019, using Bloom’s revised taxonomy. It was foundthat most questions were dominated by lower-order thinking skills, specifically understanding level,with the total percentage of more than 50% each set of test items. However, the higher-orderthinking skill found in the test items is the only skill of analyzing while the skills of evaluating orcreating were not covered. Thus, it is suggested that an evaluation is important to evaluate the testitems made since the proportion of lower-order thinking skills as well as higher-order thinking skillsare not proportional and whether those test items can be sufficient to promote higher-order thinkingskills to the students.&nbsp

The purpose of this research is to determine the type of speech act that exist in the movie The Good Doctor. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The source of the research data is subtitles on the movie The good doctor. This research uses document analysis to analyze data, and focus group discussion is carried out to validate the data. Types of speech acts are found in the movie are assertive, directive, expressive, commissive.

This research aimed at elaborating the variety of code-switching and code-mixing used in radio broadcast in East Kalimantan. This research used qualitative descriptive method and applied sociolinguistics study. In the analysis, the researcher employed Poplack and Muysken theory. Data sources were collected from radio broadcast in three radio stations representing three largest cities in East Kalimantan, such as Samarinda, Balikpapan, and Tenggarong. The type of data were conversation that appeared within the Pilihan Pendengar program from each of three stations: Gemaya 104.5 FM (Balikpapan), RB Radio 87.7 FM (Samarinda) and SBK 107.3 FM (Tenggarong). The research finds that there are varieties of code-switching, including: intra-sentential (40 data), inter-sentential (19 data) and extra-sentential (9 data). For code-mixing, this research finds three variants, which are alternation (24 data), insertion (14 data) and congruent lexicalization (8 data). The data are obtained from different languages, such as Indonesian, Javanese, Kutainese, English and Arabic.

This research describes the use of code switching into four domains and the code switching form in the Ulil Albab boarding schools Sasak. This study applied qualitative approach and used sociolinguistics as the basis of interpretation. Subject of this study were santri and teachers in the pesantren. The primary data were observed from the classroom settings and daily activities in the pesantren, when santri and teachers spoke in four languages: Indonesian, English, Arabic, and Sasak language. Data were analyzed using theory of code switching and code mixing from Dell Hymes. The study revealed that code switching occurred 138 tokens and conversation appeared at 75%. Code switching was used as to give better comprehension to partnered-speaker.

Penelitian ini berupanya mendeskripsikan dua hal. Pertama, teknik-teknik permainan bunyi yang digunakan untuk membangun humor dalam meme. Kedua, cara permainan bunyi membangun humor dalam meme. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semantik kombinatarial. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik simak dan catat. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan metode padan referensial dengan teknik dasar hubung banding (Mahsun, 2014), yaitu menghubung-bandingkan bentuk dan makna baru yang dihadirkan oleh permainan bunyi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari 100 meme yang dianalisis, ditemukan 156 data permainan bunyi. Permainan bunyi dalam meme terdiri atas 10 teknik permainan bunyi. Teknik permainan bunyi yang ditemukan antara lain adalah teknik substitusi dengan 100 data, teknik penyisipan dengan 14 data, teknik pelepasan dengan 14 data, teknik pemberian jeda dengan 10 data, teknik permutasi dengan 8 data, teknik penambahan dengan 4 data, teknik pemertahanan bunyi dengan 2 data, teknik penghilangan jeda dengan 2 data, teknik pengubahan jeda dengan 1 data, dan teknik pemanjangan bunyi dengan 1 data.

Picture Word Inductive Model is an inquiry-oriented strategy for teaching writing that uses picture containing familiar objects to fully lead students into inquiring about words, adding words to their writing, and ultimately developing the title, sentences, and paragraphs about their picture. This experimental study aimed to find out the effectiveness of PWIM to teach writing viewed from students’ interest in the eighth grade of MTs. ASWAJA Pontianak. Sampling technique was through cluster random sampling resulting 2 classes which consist of 26 students of each class contributed to the study. Technique of data collection encompassed writing test and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using 2x2 Multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s HSD Test. The result revealed that: (1) Picture Word Inductive Model(PWIM) is more effective than Controlled-Writing Strategy (CWS) to teach writing; (2) students having high interest have better writing skill than those having low interest. (3) there is an interaction between teaching strategies and the level of interest on students’ writing skill.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan bagaimana penggunaan homonimi untuk penyimpangan makna sebagai upaya membangun humor dalam meme. (2) Mendeskripsikan pola penyimpangan makna yang memanfaatkan homonimi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik lanjutan catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan referensial dengan teknik hubung banding untuk mendukung kodifikasi, reduksi, penyajian, dan intepretasi sesuai dengan kerangka kerja penelitian kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan relasi makna homonimi meliputi kata dasar, bentukan, asing, dan slang. Ditemukan juga penyimpangan makna dengan memanfaatkan homonimi yang terjadi karena eufemisme, penamaan, dan pemberian jeda. Selain homonimi, ditemukan juga pemanfaatan homofoni dan homografi singkatan kata. Ada tiga pola yang digunakan untuk melakukan penyimpangan makna dengan memanfaatkan homonimi. 1) Kata yang disimpangkan didampingi dengan teks sebagai penjelas. 2) Kata yang disimpangkan didampingi dengan gambar sebagai penjelas. 3) Kata yang disimpangkan tidak muncul dalam simbol bahasa melainkan gambar dengan teks sebagai penjelas. Pemegang peran penting penyimpangan makna dalam meme adalah gambar dan penggunaan kolokasi. Kolokasi yang tepat mampu mengelabuhi pembaca sebelum akhirnya dikejutkan oleh makna kedua.

Teachers hold a very crucial role in education. Students’ success in academic life is very much influenced by teachers’ quality. One of the ways applied by most schools in Indonesia to assure their teachers quality is by conducting supervision program at the end or in the middle of semester. This study investigated teachers’ perception on the effectiveness of supervision program in relation to their professional development. This qualitative case study involved 4 EFL teachers teaching at various school levels; elementary school, junior high school and senior high school. The data were collected through interview and document analysis. The result of data analysis revealed that teachers hold positive attitude toward supervision program in helping them develop their professionalism in teaching. Schools need to maintain supervision program to make sure their teachers are well prepared in performing their duty. The participating teachers suggested for its meaningfulness, supervision program should be well designed. Teachers being observed and supervisor should have the same educational background.

The purpose of this study is (1) Describe how the use of homonymy for deviation of meaning as an effort to build humor in meme. (2) Describes a pattern of deviations of meaning that utilize homonymy in memes. This research is a descriptive-qualitative research. The data were collected using the method of simak and technique of notes. Data analysis in this research use method of match referential and connecting techniques to support codification, reduction, display, and interpretation in accordance with qualitative research framework. The results of this research, found the use of relations of homonymous meaning include the word base, derivative, foreign, and slang. Also found a deviation of meaning by utilizing homonymy that occurs due to euphemism, naming, and awarding pause. In addition to homonymy also found the use of homophony and then homography of word abbreviation. There are three patterns used to make deviations of meaning by utilizing homonymy. (1) The abused word is accompanied by text as explanatory. (2) The abused word is accompanied by the picture as explanatory. (3) The abused word does not appear in the language symbol but the image with the text as explanatory. The holder of the important role of deviation of meaning in the meme is the image and the use of collocation. The right collocation is capable of tricking the reader before finally being startled by a second meaning. Collocation can determine the successful use of homonymy to build humor in a meme. If the meaning of collocation fails to deliver the reader to the meaning presented, then the meaning of the surprise fails to show.

Conversational implicature is a case in which a speaker produces a coded utterance to convey certain intent. The listener of the utterance then decodes the speaker’s intent accurately and ‘intuitively’. For instance, a speaker saying that ‘the room is hot’ could mean that the listener is expected to turn on the air conditioner. However, ‘intuition’ tends to work seamlessly for native speakers but it becomes rather problematic for second language learners. This study comes with two questions: ‘what are the most problematic implicatures for second language learners?’ and ‘what are the factors affecting learners’ competence to comprehend implicatures?’ The implicatures discussed in this study are in the form of joint-taxonomy adopted from the studies of Bouton, Grice and Arseneault. The joint-taxonomy produces ten types of implicatures: POPE-Q, Indirect Criticism, Sequential, Minimum Requirement Rule, Scalar, Idiomatic, Quantity, Quality, Manner and Relevance. 110 college students at one university in Indonesia participated in this study. Vocabulary, grammar formal exposure and informal exposure are four variables affecting the students’ competence in comprehending implicatures in English. This research has been influenced primarily by the study of Bouton and Roever. The results of this study show that indirect criticism implicatures are the most problematic implicatures for all groups of respondents. Additionally, this study is able to illustrate how both Bouton’s claim on proficiency and Roever’s claim on exposure as affecting factors of implicature comprehension can be correct at the same time. Keywords: pragmatic competence; pragmatic comprehension; conversational implicature; second language learning; communicative competence

Onomatopoeic words in Javanese language are an evidence of the uniqueness of both the lingual aspects and the described facts. This study discussed the phenomenon of phonological and morphological language processing. It examined the derivation of the onomatopoeic root words of Javanese language into some form of the word as iconic formation. The data source covers the source language of local print media and another complementary source which was obtained from informants living in the regions of Surakarta and Yogyakarta. This study revealed the Ullman’s onomatopoeic classification of primary and secondary onomatopoeias. The primary onomatopoeic is sound imitations of referents, i.e. crowing, roaring, barking sounds, etc. The secondary onomatopoeia is the sound which arises beyond the occurring acoustic experience; they are sounds produced by movements and physical, and mental quality of an object. i.e. the word bruk (voice of falling heavy objects), prang (sound of a broken plate). The development of sound imitation icon as an icon causes a shift in the status of a root word form or onomatopoeic sound imitator to other states. Words like thuthuk [ṭuṭU?] ‘'beater', kethuk kempyang [kəṭU? kəmpjaŋ] 'typical instrument used in Gamelan', pethuk [pəṭU?] 'coming across' and bathuk [baṭU?] 'forehead' were the derivative words which originated from the root word thuk [ṭuk] with the additional formative process, repetition on the root word, compounding, and reduplication. In the Javanese language, onomatopoeic words often have the same family with other words.

Juni Mahsusi. S111508007. 2017. Pemilihan Kode Pada Mahasiswa Riau di Yogyakarta (Kajian Sosiolinguistik) Pembimbing (I) Prof. Dr. Djatmika, M.A. Pembimbing (II) Dr. Sri Marmanto, M. Hum. Tesis. Pascasarjana Program Magister Linguistik. Minat Utama Linguistik Deskriptif. Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi kode apa sajakah yang digunakan dalam interaksi mahasiswa Riau di Yogyakarta (2) mengungkap faktor-faktor yang pempengaruhi pemilihan kode dalam interaksi mahasiswa Riau di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan Sosiolinguistik. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah peristiwa tutur, data penelitian ini adalah data kebahasaan berupa ujaran. Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik observasi, teknik sadap, teknik simak bebas libat cakap dan teknik wawancara. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian ditranskripsikan dan diklasifikasi berdasarkan ranah kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengkodean. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan metode etnography communication Dell Hymes. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Penelitian ini menemukan beberapa hal. Pertama, kode-kode yang digunakan mahasiswa Riau di Yogyakarta yang terdapat dalam berbagai ranah adalah Bahasa Indonesia (BI), Bahasa Melayu (BM), Bahasa Asing ((BA) Bahasa Arab dan Bahasa Inggris)), Bahasa Campur (BC) berupa Alih Kode (AK) dan Campur Kode (CK). BC berupa alih kode terdapat BI-BM, BI-BA, BM-BI dan BI-BJ, sedangkan campur kode terdapat BI-BM, BI-BJ, BI-BA, BM-BI, BM-BA dan BM-BJ. Kode yang paling dominan digunakan dilihat berdasarkan ranah. (1) Ranah keogranisasian kode (BI). (2) Ranah keagamaan kode BC berupa alih kode (AK). (3) Ranah kebudayaan kode (BM). (4) Ranah pertemanan sedaerah kode (BM). (5) Ranah pertemanan berbeda daerah kode (BI). Berdasarkan beberapa ranah tersebut kode BI dan BM paling dominan digunakan. Bentuk kode yang digunakan berdasarkan ranah (1) Ranah keorganisasian menggunakan BI formal, BC berupa campur kode bentuk kata dan frasa dan BC berupa alih kode jenis metaphorical code switching dalam bentuk kata, frasa dan kalimat. (2) Ranah keagamaan menggunakan BA (bahasa Arab) murni, BC berupa campur kode dalam bentuk kata dan kalimat, dan BC berupa alih kode jenis metaphorical code switching dalam bentuk kalimat. (3) Ranah kebudayaan menggunakan BM murni, BC berupa campur kode dalam bentuk kata dan kalimat. (4) Ranah pertemanan sedaerah menggunakan bentuk kode BM murni, BC berupa alih kode jenis metaphorical code switching dalam bentuk kalimat dan BC berupa campur kode dalam bentuk kata dan kalimat. (5) Ranah pertemanan berbeda daerah menggunakan BI informal, BC berupa alih kode berjenis situational code switching dalam bentuk kata dan kalimat dan BC berupa campur kode dalam bentuk kata. Kedua, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan kode adalah faktor (1) setting (tempat dan waktu), (2) partisipan (mitra tutur), dan (3) topik percakapan. Kesimpulan, kode-kode yang digunakan dalam interaksi mahasiswa Riau di Yogyakarta adalah BI, BM, BA, BC berupa alih kode (AK) BI-BM, BI-BA, BM-BI dan BI-BJ dan Campur Kode (CK). BI-BM, BI-BJ, BI-BA, BM-BI, BM-BA dan BM-BJ. Kode yang dominan digunakan BI dan BM. Bentuk kode yang digunakan BI formal dan informal, BA murni, BM murni, BC berupa alih kode jenis metaphorical code switching dan situational code switching dalam bentuk frasa dan kalimat. BC berupa campur kode dalam bentutk kata, frasa, dan kalimat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi, yaitu faktor setting, partisipan dan topik. Kata Kunci: Variasi Bahasa, Multilingual, Pilihan Kode

The objectives of current study were to determine the types of writing strategies used by the students and to describe the differences of writing strategies utilization between high and low achievers. This research was conducted at academic writing program, Language Training Center of Universitas Gadjah Mada. The subjects were three of high achievers and three of low achievers who had enrolled in the program. The study applied a qualitative method approach. Structured interview and open-ended questionnaire based on Cazrl and Petric writing strategies inventory were employed in collecting data. The result showed that all twenty writing strategies investigated in this research were employed by the subjects; secondly, high achievers employ writing strategies more frequently than those with low achievers. The implication of the study is that by understanding the writing strategies employment of the high and the low students to upgrade the students writing quality into a better writing.

In educating the students, teachers’ beliefs on teaching and learning influenced not only on what to teach and how to do it, but also on how to assess their students. Education has a goal that students can apply the knowledge gained in real world activities. Through assessment process, it helps them to understand their strengths and weaknesses of their abilities development. This research aims to find out teachers’ beliefs about performance assessment and how they use it to assess their students in one of public college under The Ministry of Industry in Indonesia. Data findings are obtained by using interviews, observation and document analysis conducted on T1 and T2 as the participants. Researcher used the five elements of performance assessment to make the instruments and analyze the findings. Results indicated that there were differences between what they say and what they do. The differences appeared because of the theories they knew, their own knowledge and experiences they have in teaching.

The significance of critical thinking as one of the 21st century skills makes the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture integrate Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in the latest national curriculum. It requires teachers, as the curriculum implementers, facilitate students to be critical thinkers through the teaching and learning process. Besides, the teachers need to have competence in developing HOTS – based questions in order to assess the students’ HOTS. However, teachers’ ability in this field is still disappointing. The aim of this study was to investigate the challenges faced by Indonesia English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in developing HOTS – based questions. The study employed qualitative method and made use of questionnaire to collect the data. The research participants were EFL teachers of secondary school level in some different regions in Indonesia. The findings showed that, despite the importance of HOTS, some factors were claimed as challenges for the teachers in developing HOTS – based questions, among others was the teachers’ varied-perceptions towards HOTS. The challenges were classified into three aspects, namely teachers’ aspect, teaching and learning aspects, and students’ aspect. Hence, the conclusion was drawn to improve educational practice and as insights for educational stakeholders and policy makers.

The multi-ethnic and multi-lingual society of Islamic boarding school students (santri) involves the occurrence of code switching. This research aims to reveal the code switching patterns by female students in daily communication in Islamic school Al-Mukmin Ngruki Islamic Boarding School and Assalaam Islamic Modern Boarding School in Indonesia, and the factors affecting the occurrence of code switching in daily basis communication in Islamic boarding school. The data are derived from the verbal interaction among the female students in Islamic school. Meanwhile, the data are populated by using the techniques of observation, recording, and interview. Further, they are analysed by the use of Hymes, (1996) ethnography method of communication. The result of this study shows that the code switching patterns includes Intersentensial switching, Intrasentensial switching, and Tag switching. However, the dominant pattern of code switching used by female students is Intersentensial switching. It is occupied in order to clarify the sender messages. In the domain of friendship, there are switches on the language of Indonesian, English, Arabic, Javanese, Sundanese, and Malay. The cause of the code switching relates to closeness between the speakers and the partners, prestige, popular terms. Also, it intends to convey the purposes and intentions of the speakers such as confirming information and maintaining cultures.

There are limited studies that concern the institutional policies and issues of blended learning adoption. By using a case study, this study explores blended learning implementation and three main issues of adoption. The issues are “institutional strategy, structure, and support that portrayed the stages of the blended learning adoption. The data indicated that the blended learning implementation of learning increases the involvement use of technology by the learner. But there is still no proportionality in the enforcement between F2F and online learning goals and activities. The data were obtained by observation, semi-structured interview, and documentation. Based on the result, the institution under investigation still in stage 1 (awareness/exploration stage) of the blended learning adoption stage. By doing the research on the three participants who adopt blended learning, it can be concluded that the institution has not met the requirements for implementing blended learning at higher stages because many aspects have not been fulfilled and need to be improved for future implementation. Therefore, the researchers expect that this research can be a reference regarding aspects that must be fulfilled for better implementation.

Improvement of editors in performing their jobs. Training on effective language exploitation was conducted to editors of publishers in Klaten Regency. Drafts representing their job before and after the training were colleted to be compared on their language performance in improving the texts. The results show that in general the editors have better performance in finishing the drafts for publication. They are more sensitive in identifying grammar mistakes as well as lexical inappropriateness, so that the texts are more effectively revised and improved.

This current research attempts to describe and explain the phenomenon of a speech event so-called code-mixing with military trials held by Madiun Military Court as the setting. The descriptions are based on (1) types and (2) factors attributing the code-mixing phenomenon. The source of data for this study is the utterances spoken by social components during the trials (juries, auditors, witnesses, victims, and defendants). Meanwhile, the data for this study are the application of code mixing. The data were collected through participative study method with noticing and recording technique. Meanwhile the secondary data of this study are the information related to the trials process obtained by conducting document study on official reports. In maintaining the validity, the current study employs method and data triangulation. The data were analyzed through interlingual and extralingual reference on the basis of Sociolinguistics. There are four lingual forms correlating to the code mixing namely (1) words (2) phrases (3) baster (4) and repetition. Those lingual realizations of code mixing are found to be attributable to four factors namely (1) habit (2) vocabulary mastery (3) humor (4) and interlocutor influence.