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Purpose. This manuscript is a result of a research that aims at identifying Constraints Based Behaviours in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) Mastery. Methods and procedure. This scientific research result manuscript has data obtained descriptively and analysed qualitativelyso that qualitative descriptive method is used. Graduade students of English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education as its subjects have to do real behaviours for overcoming the constraints to master the EFL that has been learnt to decode and encode messages for having solution of problem through activities that have not been realized because of the constraints. Its specific target is realization of the university students’ behaviours supporting their English competence/knowledge and performance/skill. They have to realize main points of activities based on their problems in learning that foreign language to be behaviours based on the constraints in mastering that international language. This is to identify the students’ constraints to hopefully be overcome by the English education students and lecturers. The students are intended to freely use their English so that they do have the foreign language skills: receptive and productive skills. Results. Resultsof the research indicate thatthe English education students sometimes learn English, use/produce it so that they can understand/comprehend it, develop their skills, and always improve their English. English skill that they master most is Reading. They master oral English more than visual one and most of them do English speaking skill/activities and they in mastering the English have most constraints on reading skill. Conclutions. English education students experienced most constraints on Reading Skill, have behaviours for overcaming the constraints, and then can master most that skill. Thus, constraints based behaviours of English education students in EFL mastery are identified through their experiences consistently.

In the teaching of literature, short stories are often used as instructional materials due to teaching time limit in class. Short story analysis involves the understanding of the story. The objectives of this research are to analyze and describe the use of SQ3R method in teaching literature, especially in short story by O’ Henry’s “The Gift of the Magi”. This research used the classroom action research, conducted within two cycles. The participants of the research are 34 students of Islamic College Jakarta in the academic year of 2020/2021. Techniques of collecting data were test and non-test. The results of this research showed that the application of Survey-Question-Read-Recite-Review (SQ3R) method for reading a short story in literature class can improve the student’s reading comprehension.

There are many researchers who have been discussing EFL learners’ perceptions on the implementation of online digital technology (ODT), but there are few of them who specifically investigate their familiarity in using technology when applying project-based approach. This research analysis students’ attitudes in using ODT to improve their speaking skills and how familiar students use ODT to accomplish a project in a Speaking Class. Because the approach of learning English in this research is PBL with ODT, the students must be familiar with the technology in order to create some projects assigned. Therefore, they had to own smartphones or laptops, and familiar with very basic ODT before beginning the program. 24 students of Speaking class were selected and trained to pedagogically show their awareness towards the learning approach and the use of ODT. The researcher divided them into some smaller groups to work together to improve their projects by looking at their learning approach with technology. The result of the posttest indicated their positive attitudes towards the implementation of PBL in the Speaking class with digital technology and the increasing familiarity of using ODT. They realized that they needed to create, and evaluate the results of their project by themselves during online learning to improve their speaking skills. Keywords: Speaking, Project-based, ODT, Students’ Perceptions

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry training menggunakan macromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi momentum dan impuls di kelas X semester II SMA Swasta Teladan Medan T.P. 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan desain penelitian two group pre-test dan post-test. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Swasta Teladan Medan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara random sampling yaitu kelas X-3 sebagai kelas ekperimen dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran inquiry training menggunakan macromedia flash dan kelas X-2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang menerapkan pembelajaran konvensional yang masing-masing kelas sebanyak 40 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berbentuk tes pilihan berganda sebanyak 15 soal yang telah divalidasi oleh validator dan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa di kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hasil Pengolahan data pre-test diperoleh nilai rata-rata pre-test kelas eksperimen 31,83 dan kelas kontrol 30,49, Nilai rata-rata post-test kelas eksperimen 75,33 dan kelas kontrol 64,83. Rata-rata skor aktivitas siswa kelas eksperimen mencapai 66,72% dengan kategori aktif dan kelas kontrol mencapai 54,50% kategori kurang aktif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry training menggunakan macromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi momentum dan impuls di kelas X SMA Swasta Teladan Medan T.P 2017/2018.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran inquiry training, macromedia flash, hasil belajar.

This research aims to test and analyze empirically the influence of job satisfaction and perceived organizational support partially or simultaneously on employee work ethic. The research method used quantitative methods while the data collection techniques were carried out through questionnaires, interviews and observations. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling technique. Subjects in this study amounted to 75 employees at the Ministry of Industry the Republic of Indonesia. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Based on the research results, the findings are as follows: (1) collectively or simultaneously job satisfaction and perceived organizational support has a positive and significant effect on work ethic, (2) partially job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on work ethic; (3) partially perceived organizational support has a positive and significant effect on work ethic. Thus, work ethic can be increased by increasing job satisfaction and perceived organizational support.

This research was conducted to determine the communication strategy used by the local guide when guiding foreigners in museum kesejarahan Jakarta, especially the types of strategy in communication and the function of each strategy for the local guide to solving their problem in the museum. Communication strategy is the important thing that the guide needed to build a good conversation with the foreigners' visitor there. The objective of this study is to find out the most dominant type of strategy in communication and the functions of each strategy when the guide faced the problem when guiding, the writer used the descriptive qualitative method. The data collection was done by collecting the data from observation and the conversation problem with each foreign tourist. Primary data collected from direct field observations and interviews. The writer analyzes some conversations that can be shown as the problem faced by the tour guide. This research used theory by Celce-Murcia et al’s (1995) model of communication strategies is considered as the most complete and detailed. The writer divided communication strategies into five main categories. They are avoidance, achievement, stalling, self-monitoring strategies, and interactional strategies. Results showed that there were 5 types of communication strategy and The dominant of those theories was an interaction strategy. Problems that faced by the local guide are different culture, limited vocabulary, shyness, difficult accent, too attached to the modules being thought

As the objective of EFL teaching is to help students to communicate fluently in the target language, teachers should provide authentic models of language use for every level and age. To hit the target we should focus not only on linguistic, but also on literary and cultural elements. Since fairy tales offer these elements, they are highly beneficial to use in EFL teaching programs, especially for young learners. This objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of teaching English pronunciation through fairy tale media. This research was conducted at SMPS PGRI Pondokgede class 8-3. The writer has conducted field research for 1 month. Some data was taken through observation, process, and post-learning and teaching activities. This paper contains ways to improve students’ English pronunciation by providing Thumbelina and Pinocchio fairy tales. The result of this study indicated that: (1) teaching English pronunciation trough fairy tale is effective to increase students’ pronunciation (2) students become easier to understand the subject matter and increase their English vocabulary, and (3) students become more active and confident when reading texts or fairy tales by showing good pronunciation.

Code mixing can occur anywhere. Mixed code is a mixture of two or more languages. Code mixing occurs when a speaker using a language dominantly supports a speech inserted with other language elements. This paper is conducted to get data about code mixing, especially in delivered by the presenter in the Hijab Traveling in Trans7 television program. The research used descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected from utterances delivered by the presenter in the Hijab Traveling in Trans7 television program. Process of analyzing the types of mixed code the writer used Suwito's theory. The results are 15 data found which the writer has classified into linguistic elements include the insertion of words, phrases, clauses, repetition of words, and idiom. Proses of analyzing the causes of mixed code the writer used the theory of Basir. The results are found 9 data. The result indicated that presenters on the Hijab Traveling in Trans7 television program often intervene in code. Based on all the analysis of data the writer can conclude that the sentences uttered by the presenter of Hijab Traveling in Trans7 television program prove that presenter often use mixed codes because the presenter can speak more than one language and the presenter has extensive knowledge.

The objective of this research is to analyze slang words in Top Five movie. Learning slang is important for people who want to fully understand English either it is formal or informal. The movie is analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected through library and internet research then watch the movie several times. The first analysis of the research is about slang words that used in the movie. The second analysis is about forms of slang that found in the movie. Then the third analysis is about functions of slang words used in the movie. The result of this research indicated that: (1) There are ten slang words that are going to discuss in this research, (2) There are eleven forms of slang that found in the movie; compounding, affixation, phraseology, clipping, initialism, verbification, nominalization, other process, blending, (3) There are nine functions of slang that used in the movie; identification, interaction, secrecy, emotions, humor, toughness, informality, conciseness, and forcefulness.

The objective of this research is to analyze slang words in Top Five movie. Learning slang is important for people who want to fully understand English either it is formal or informal. The movie is analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected through library and internet research then watch the movie several times. The first analysis of the research is about slang words that used in the movie. The second analysis is about forms of slang that found in the movie. Then the third analysis is about functions of slang words used in the movie. The result of this research indicated that: (1) There are ten slang words that are going to discuss in this research, (2) There are eleven forms of slang that found in the movie; compounding, affixation, phraseology, clipping, initialism, verbification, nominalization, other process, blending, (3) There are nine functions of slang that used in the movie; identification, interaction, secrecy, emotions, humor, toughness, informality, conciseness, and forcefulness

This study aims to investigate the students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) in online learning amid Covid-19 pandemic at higher education in Indonesia. The participants of the study were students of FKIP Tadulako University, Palu, Indonesia. There were 71 participants of the current study. The instrument of the study was questionnaire which aims to explore the students’ willingness to communicate, measured by the 16-item Likert-scale Students’ Willingness to Communicate in Online Learning at higher education. This current study concludes that group discussion is the activity most students like in online English classes. Other evidences from the study are: 1) Students do not feel nervous about expressing their feelings, opinions, thoughts, and ideas in online classes, 2) The students prefer listening rather than speaking in online class discussions, 3) Class discussions in online learning are the best way to practice speaking English, 4) Students do not feel nervous in online class discussions, 5) Students prefer online class discussions rather than offline class discussions, 6) Students are always encouraged to speak in online class discussions, 7) Students are always eager to speak in online classrooms, and (9) Students should not feel ashamed if they give wrong answers in online class discussions.

This study aims to determine the effect of the inquiry training learning model using macromedia flash on student learning outcomes on momentum and impulse material in class X semester II Teladan Medan academic year 2017/2018. This type of research is a quasi experiment with two group research designs pre-test and post-test. The population in the study were all students of class X Senior High School Teladan Medan. Sampling was done by random sampling, namely class X-3 as an experimental class by applying the inquiry training learning model using macromedia flash and class X-2 as a control class that applies conventional learning, each class consists of 40 students. The instrument used was in the form of a multiple choice test of 15 questions that had been validated by the validator and student activity observation sheets in the experimental class and the control class. The results of pre-test data processing showed that the pre-test mean value of the experimental class was 31.83 and the control class was 30.49, the post-test average value of the experimental class was 75.33 and the control class was 64.83. The average score of the experimental class student activity reached 66.72% in the active category and the control class reached 54.50% in the less active category. The results obtained show that there was an effect of the inquiry training learning model using macromedia flash on student learning outcomes on momentum and impulse material in class X Senior High School Teladan Medan academic year 2017/2018.

The objective of this research is to know how the implementation of Teaching Speaking Using a “Snake and Ladder” Board Game to the students in an English class of a private schools in a Jakarta. Employing descriptive study, the English teacher made her story from her classroom. The data of the research included on-site-observation and recording. The results show that (1) using a snake and ladder board game is potential to promote students’ eagerness to speak within the peers, (2) despite of some difficulties, students seem enjoy the learning, and (3) a “friendly’ learning atmosphere was established. Keywords: teaching speaking, Snake and Ladder, fun Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memotret mengajar berbicara Bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan Papan Permainan “Ular Tangga”. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah di Klender, Jakarta. Data diperoleh melalui observasi kelas saat proses belajar mengajar dan juga hasil rekaman. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa: (1) mengajar berbicara dalam bahasa inggris menggunakan papan permainan “ular tangga” dapat memfasilitasi siswa berbicara bahasa inggris, (2) Siswa menjadi aktif dan menikmati suasana belajar bahasa inggris, dan (3) dengan pembelajaran menggunakan papan permainan “ular tangga” terbukti dapat menciptakan suasana yang bersahabat antara guru dan siswa. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran berbicara, permainan ular tangga, menikmati

In literary works character and characterization are important elements because they built the story. Character is a person represented in a movie, story or other narrative work. In the movie, the character can be used as a field to be analyzed, one of which is psychology. Psychology that discussed in this paper in term of psychological illness that is schizophrenia. The objective of this analyze is to know the schizophrenia that experienced by main character, John Nash that taken from A Beautiful Mind movie. The Analysesare kinds of schizophrenia, the struggles of Nash, and the moral value that we can get from this movie. There are 3 Kinds of schizophrenia that showed in this movie. First, paranoid schizophrenia. The symptoms of paranoid are hallucinations and delusions. Second, disorganized schizophrenia. There are symptoms that experienced by disorganized schizophrenia: disorganized speech and disorganized behavior. Third, undifferentiated schizophrenia. The symptoms is seeming lack of interest in the world: social withdrawal. As the result of schizophrenia that experienced by John Nash, he experience of better alteration. At the end, Nash win the Nobel Prize. Although his hallucination friends never gone, but he never think about it. Keywords: Character, Psychological Disorder, Schizophrenia, A Beautiful Mind Movie

This study is a study of ethnography communication. The purpose of this research is to know the phenomenon of communication interaction in performance drama class. Then can be known pattern of communication is in discourse analysis through approach of ethnography of communication. The method of this study was descriptive content analysis. The procedure of data analysis and interpretation adapted pattern SPEAKING GRID model made by HYMES .The data were taken from the scenario of drama dialog in STIBA IEC Jakarta class. The findings in this study are the clarity of the content of the conversation that has a pattern in accordance with the requirements of the process. The topic and purpose of patterned conversation arose. It was raised a new topic.The process of newtopic was finding from the act sequence. The results of the conversations was finding in the end of the dialog namely: the dialog was need and provide information, the dialog was receive information, the dialog was having positive responses, the dialog was asking questions and providing answers. Based of the results of the dialog of speaking in the drama performance has change of the message and contents.

This study aims to describe the gender inequality contained in the novel Death of an Ex-Minister by Nawal el Saadawi using gender theory by Mansour Fakih (2005) which includes marginalization, subordination, stereotype, violence, and workload. The method used was descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there was gender inequality that was manifested in four forms: marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, and violence. Marginalization occurs in the form of dismissals by male superiors to female employees who were considered to often express opinions that differ from them. Subordination was indicated by the position of women who were lower than men. Whereas, stereotyping occurred with the negative attachment of a husband to his wife that because he was the one who gave food he had the right to do anything to his wife. The violence occurred in the form of physical violence by a husband against his wife and sexual violence experienced by a woman who was raped by ten men. Keywords: Gender, Gender Inequality, the novel Death of an Ex-Minister