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edmistoni Wirth & Spinelli, 1993b: 624 (larva, pupa, male, female). Type locality: USA, Maryland, Prince Georges Co., Patuxent Research Center). HT M (USNM). Distr.: Eastern USA, Argentina (Buenos Aires: Ensenada, Reserva Natural Integral Punta Lara, marginal forest, 34º47′21.2′′S, 57º59′56.8′′W). Refs.: Spinelli & Marino, 1998: 39; Cazorla et al., 2018: 5., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Wirth, W. W. & Spinelli, G. R. (1993 b) The North American species of the Forcipomyia (Lepidohelea) bicolor subgroup (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 95, 611 - 634.","Spinelli, G. R. & Marino, P. I. (1998) First records for Argentina of three species of Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 57, 39 - 40.","Cazorla, C. G., Marino, P. I., Diaz, F. & Campos, R. E. (2018) Diversity of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) from the Reserva Integral Natural Punta Lara (Buenos Aires, Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 77, 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.25085 / rsea. 770301"]}

anitae Huerta & Ibañez-Bernal, 1996: 350 (male). Type locality: Mexico, Chiapas, San Cristobal de las Casas. HT M (CAIM). Distr.: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Chiapas), Costa Rica, Brazil (Bahia), Argentina (Corrientes: sorroundings Corrientes city, 27°29′58.64″S, 58°45′01.99″W; Esteros del Iberá, Colonia Pellegrini, 28°32′17.58″S, 57°10′56.86″W). Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 2005: 165. New records: Misiones: Arroyo Anyico at km 813 NRt. 14, 27°39′52.76″S, 55°36′31.35″W. Corrientes: Esteros del Iberá, Galarza, 28°05′40.29′′S, 56°41′11.25″W; Esteros del Iberá, Estancia San Nicolás, casco, 28º07′41.0′′S, 57º26′03.5′′W; Esteros del Iberá, Estancia Rincón del Socorro, shore of estero, 28°37′37.9′′S, 57°25′06.4′′W, 80 m; Arroyo Pay Ubre, 29º01′41.2′′S, 58º10′26.6′′W, 66 m.

varipennis Wirth & Williams, 1957: 8 (female). Type locality: Bermuda. HT F (USNM). Distr.: USA (Florida and Puerto Rico), Bermuda, Paraguay, Argentina (Salta: Departamento San Martín Río Carapari, 8 km S Pocitos (Salvador Mazza), 22°04′03.19′′S, 63°40′20.26′′W, 757 m. Misiones: Puerto Iguazú, 25°40′S, 54°33′W). Refs.: Spinelli & Marino, 1998: 39., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Wirth, W. W. & Williams, R. W. (1957) The biting midges of the Bermuda Islands, with descriptions of five new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 59, 5 - 14.","Spinelli, G. R. & Marino, P. I. (1998) First records for Argentina of three species of Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 57, 39 - 40."]}

maculosa Ingram & Macfie, 1931: 159 (female). Type locality: Argentina, PN Nahuel Huapi, Río Negro, Lago Gutiérrez, 41°10′49.26″S, 71°23′15.08″W. HT F (BMNH). Distr.: Argentina (Río Negro: type locality). Refs.: Ingram & Macfie, 1931: 159., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Ingram, A. & Macfie, J. W. S. (1931) Ceratopogonidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, based mainly on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Part II. Fasc. 4. Nematocera. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, pp. 155 - 232."]}

williamsi Marino & Spinelli, 1999a: 5 (male, female). Type locality: Argentina, Buenos Aires, Berisso, Los Talas, 34°52′16.47′′S, 57°51′08.76′′W. HT F (MLPA). Distr.: Argentina (Buenos Aires: type locality; Isla Martín García, 34°11′16.95″S, 58°14′41.93″W; Ensenada, Reserva Natural Integral Punta Lara, marginal forest, 34º47′21.2′′S, 57º59′56.8′′W). Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 1999a: 5; Cazorla et al., 2018: 5., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (1999 a) The subgenus Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) in Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Iheringia, serie Zoologia, 86, 3 - 8.","Cazorla, C. G., Marino, P. I., Diaz, F. & Campos, R. E. (2018) Diversity of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) from the Reserva Integral Natural Punta Lara (Buenos Aires, Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 77, 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.25085 / rsea. 770301"]}

morenoi Marino & Spinelli,2003:26 (male). Type locality: Argentina, Neuquén, PN Lanín, Hua Hum, 40°07′13.34″S, 71°39′41.41″W. HT M (MLPA). Distr.: Argentina (Neuquén: type locality). Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 2003: 26., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (2003) The Patagonian species of the subgenus Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), with a key to the New World species. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 34, 21 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631203788964872"]}

wygodzinskyi Cavalieri, 1961a: 17 (female). Type locality: Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, El Tristén, 54°43′59.24″S, 67°54′48.08″W. HT F (MLPA). Distr.: Chile, Argentina (Tierra del Fuego: type locality; PN Tierra del Fuego, Lapataia, 54°49′56.50″S, 68°33′45.20″W). Refs.: Cavalieri, 1961a: 17; Marino & Spinelli, 2001a: 106. delpontei Cavalieri, 1961b: 169. Type locality: Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, El Tristén, 54°43′59.24″S, 67°54′48.08″W. HT F (MLPA). New records: Tierra del Fuego: PN Tierra del Fuego, unnamed stream, 54º51′23.6′′S, 68º35′37.3′′W, 31 m; PN Tierra del Fuego, Sendero de la Baliza, unnamed stream at Bahía Lapataia, 54º51′36.4′′S, 68º33′43.7′′W, 8 m., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Cavalieri, F. (1961 a) Notas sobre Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) I. Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) wygodzinskyi sp. n. para Tierra del Fuego. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 23, 17 - 19.","Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (2001 a) Las especies del subgenero Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) en la Patagonia (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 60, 99 - 124.","Cavalieri, F. (1961 b) Notas sobre Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) II. Sobre dos nuevas especies de Forcipomyia para Tierra del Fuego, Forcipomyia (F.) delpontei n. sp. y F. (F.) piroskyi n. sp. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 18, 169 - 175 (1962)."]}

squamosa Lutz, 1914: 87 (male, female). Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Manguinhos. ST M (FIOC). Distr.: Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina), Argentina (Mendoza: Potrerillos, 32°57′02.67″S, 69°12′20.26″W). Refs.: Ingram & Macfie, 1931: 226., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Lutz, A. (1914) Contribuic \" o para o conhecimento das \" Ceratopogoninas \" do Brasil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 6, 81 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761914000200003","Ingram, A. & Macfie, J. W. S. (1931) Ceratopogonidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile, based mainly on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Part II. Fasc. 4. Nematocera. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, pp. 155 - 232."]}

osaensis Spinelli, Marino & Borkent, 2012a: 15 (male). Type locality: Costa Rica, Puntarenas prov., Península de Osa, Río Agujas, Est. Agujas, Send. Purruja, 300 m. HT M (CNCI). Distr.: Costa Rica, Argentina (Corrientes: Garapé, 27°36′05.30″S, 56°14′44.44″W). First Argentina record., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Spinelli, G. R., Marino, P. I. & Borkent, A. (2012 a) A revision of biting midges of the subgenera Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) and F. (Saliohelea) from Costa Rica (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 3419 (1), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3419.1.1"]}

taragui Marino, Spinelli & Cazorla, 2002: 7. New name for guarani. Distr.: Paraguay, Argentina (Corrientes: type locality. Misiones: Corpus, 27°06′22.43″S, 55°31′24.71″W; Candelaria, 27°27′33.49″S, 55°45′28.76″W; Buenos Aires: Ensenada, Reserva Natural Integral Punta Lara, marginal forest, 34º47′21.2′′S, 57º59′56.8′′W), Uruguay. Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 1999b: 448; Cazorla et al. 2018: 5. guarani Marino & Spinelli, 1999b: 448 (preoccupied by Forcipomyia guarani Ronderos & Spinelli, 1999). Type locality: Argentina, Corrientes, Itá Ibaté, 27°25′18.81″S, 57°19′39.67″W. HT M (MLPA). New records: Misiones: Puerto Iguazú, Arroyo Mbocay, 25°37′51.16″S, 54°33′41.46″W; Paranay, 26°40′33.82″S, 54°49′13.44″W; Arroyo Anyico at km 813 NRt. 14, 27°39′52.76″S, 55°36′31.35″W. Corrientes: Esteros del Iberá, Estancia Rincón del Socorro, casa de Biólogos, 28°41′17.0′′S, 57°26′03.2′′W, 80 m; Arroyo Pay Ubre, 29º01′41.2′′S, 58º10′26.6′′W, 66 m., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Marino, P. I., Spinelli, G. R. & Cazorla, C. G. (2002) Type-specimens of Ceratopogonidae (Insecta: Diptera) in the collection of the Museo de La Plata, Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Publicacion Tecnica y Didactica, 42, 1 - 37.","Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (1999 b) The species groups of the subgenus Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) in the Neotropics, with a description of a new species of the genualis group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 125, 445 - 452 (Dec.).","Cazorla, C. G., Marino, P. I., Diaz, F. & Campos, R. E. (2018) Diversity of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) from the Reserva Integral Natural Punta Lara (Buenos Aires, Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 77, 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.25085 / rsea. 770301","Ronderos, M. M. & Spinelli, G. R. (1999) On the subgenus Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) in the Neotropical Region (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 125, 151 - 161 (June)."]}

cerifera Saunders, 1957: 685 (larva, pupa, male, female). Type locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. HT F (CNCI). Distr.: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), Argentina (Misiones: Campo Viera, 27°21′57.62″S, 55°02′51.86′′W). Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 1999a: 4., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Saunders, L. G. (1957) Revision of the genus Forcipomyia based on characters of all stages (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 34, 657 - 705 (1956). https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 56 - 065","Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (1999 a) The subgenus Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) in Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Iheringia, serie Zoologia, 86, 3 - 8."]}

Subgenus LASIOHELEA Kieffer CENTRORHYNCHUS Lutz, 1913: 62 (preoccupied by Centrorhynchus Steven or Fisher Waldheim, 1829). Type species: Centrorhynchus stylifer Lutz, by original designation. LASIOHELEA Kieffer, 1921b: 115. Type species: Atrichopogon pilosipennis Kieffer (= Ceratopogon velox Winnertz), by original designation. REFERENCES: Ronderos & Spinelli, 1999 (revision of Neotropical species)., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Lutz, A. (1913) Contribuic \" o para o estudo das Ceratopogoninas hematofagas do Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 5, 45 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761913000100005","Kieffer, J. J. (1921 b) Sur quelques Dipteres piqueurs de la tribu des Ceratopogoninae. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de l'Afrique du Nord, 1, 107 - 115 (March).","Ronderos, M. M. & Spinelli, G. R. (1999) On the subgenus Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) in the Neotropical Region (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 125, 151 - 161 (June)."]}

annulatipes Macfie, 1939b: 154 (male). Type locality: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia. HM (BMNH). Distr.: Colombia, Brazil (Pará, Bahia, Santa Catarina), Argentina (Misiones: Puerto Iguazú,Arroyo Mbocay, 25°37′51.16″S, 54°33′41.46″W; Puerto Iguazú, Arroyo Tacuara, 25°35′38.30″S, 54°34′39.44″W; Paranay, 26°40′33.82″S, 54°49′13.44″W; Arroyo Anyico at km 813 NRt. 14, 27°39′52.76″S, 55°36′31.35″W. Refs.: Spinelli et al., 2010: 129., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Macfie, J. W. S. (1939 b) A report on a collection of Brazilian Ceratopogonidae. Revista de Entomologia, 10, 137 - 219.","Spinelli, G. R., Marino, P. I. & Gaddi, A. L. (2010) New records of biting midges from Argentina and Chile (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 69, 127 - 132."]}

quatei Wirth, 1952a: 142 (male, female). Type locality, USA, California, Kern Co., Bakersfielkd). HT M (USNM). Distr.: USA (California to Florida) to Ecuador, Brazil (Bahia, Santa Catarina), Paraguay and Argentina (Misiones: Aristóbulo del Valle, Arroyo Cuña Pirú, 27°05′16.30″S, 54°57′08.64″W. Entre Ríos: Salto Grande, Puerto Luis, 31°23′36.01″S, 57°59′41.09″W). Refs.: Marino & Spinelli, 2008: 793., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M. & Díaz, Florentina, 2023, Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5261 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7795050, {"references":["Wirth, W. W. (1952 a) The Heleidae of California. University of California Publications on Entomology, 9, 95 - 266.","Marino, P. I. & Spinelli, G. R. (2008) Biting midges of the Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) argenteola group in southern South America, with description of a new species and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 56, 789 - 794."]}

Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi) (Figs. 2–31) Fourth instar larva (Figs. 2–8; 16–19). Coloration yellowish in life. Larva small 0.27 mm. (Fig. 16). Head capsule (Figs. 2–3, 17) yellowish, moderately elongate, apex slightly bent ventrally, all setae simple, except seta “x”, “o”, “p”; moderately thin, medium-sized to elongate; chaetotaxy as in Figs. 2–5, 7; HL 0.12–0.160 (0.15, n=4) mm, HW 0.08–0.11 (0.10, n=4) mm, HR 1.47–1.62 (1.53, n=4). Antenna short (Figs. 2, 4). Labrum (Figs. 2–4) shorter than greatest width, with three pairs of anterolateral sensilla styloconica (Fig. 4–5, 7); palatum (Figs. 3, 5–6) with three pairs of sensilla trichoidea closely spaced, two anterior pairs medium-sized, posterior pair short; messors (Fig. 4) well developed, stout, with four-five prominent teeth; scopae well developed, formed by three brushes, each with three–four short, stout teeth (Fig. 4–5). Maxilla well developed, heavily sclerotized (Fig. 3); galeolacinia with two–three papillae, with long seta; maxillary palpus (Figs. 5–6) medium-sized, cylindrical, with three apical papillae, two of them medium-sized, other short; lacinial sclerite 1 (Fig. 7) without seta, lacinial sclerite 2 (Figs. 5–7) with medium-sized, thin seta and two papillae. Mandible (Figs. 2–5, 7, 17) small, heavily sclerotized, hooked, curved, with broad base, basal articulations blunt, one sensory pit and one medium-sized seta near hypocondyle; MDL 0.02–0.03 (0.025, n=3) mm, MDW 0.008 –0.011 (0.009, n=3) mm. Hypostoma (Figs. 3, 5–6) with curved mesal elevation, smooth, lateral margin with five–six truncate, strong teeth. Labium elongate, not extending beyond hypostoma. Epipharynx (Figs. 17) massive, strongly sclerotized; with three comb present, dorsal comb very narrow, with two–four teeth/sclerite, unequal and angular; ventral comb 4 with 10–12 teeth; ventral comb 2 with numerous finely, pointed teeth, lateral arms stout, elongate, with lateral curtains with finely pointed teeth of moderate length LAW 0.045 –0.055 (0.052, n=4) mm; DCW 0.010 –0.015 (0.013, n=4) mm. Hypopharynx (Figs. 17) elongate, thin, moderately sclerotized, without fringe. Thoracic pigmentation uniformly pale. Abdominal segment whitish. Caudal segment (Fig. 8, 19) with six pairs of setae: ‘o’ long, stout seta, ‘i’, l1, l2, v, d, long, thin setae; CSL 0.25–0.38 (0.32, n=4) mm, CSW 0.10–0.15 (0.12, n=4); OL 0.16–0.22 (0.19, n=3) mm; OD 0.035 –0.042 (0.038, n=3) mm. Female pupa (Figs. 9–15, 20–21). Exuviae general coloration light brown. Total length 1.52 mm. Head: Dorsal apotome (Fig. 9–10, 22) 1.20X broader than long, pale brown, apex apparently truncated, distal margin truncate; surface smooth, except for three rows of spicules on distal margin, raised areas present; dorsal apotome sensilla: DA-1-H, long, stout seta, DA-2-H campaniform sensillum at tubercle base; DAL 0.11 mm; DAW 0.14 mm; DAW/ DAL 1.27. Mouthparts as in Fig. 13, with mandible, lacinia well developed; palpus extending to posterolateral margin of labium; labium separated medially by labrum, apex of labrum concave. Sensilla: two dorsolateral cephalic sclerite: DL-1-H long, stout seta, DL-2-H short, stout seta; clypeal/ labrals (Fig. 13): CL-1-H long, thin seta, CL-2-H medium-sized, thin seta; oculars (Fig. 13): O-1-H medium-sized, thin seta, O-3-H long, thin seta, O-2-H campaniform sensillum. Thorax: prothoracic extension absent; respiratory organ (Figs. 10–12, 20–21) pale brown; nearly straight, with scale-like spines, with 6–9 apical, 2–3 lateral pores; RO length 0.170 mm, RO wide 0.020 mm; pedicel (Figs. 10, 12) medium-sized, stout, P length 0.03 mm; P/RO length 0.17. Sensilla: one anteromedial AM-1-T medium-sized, hyaline seta; three anterolaterals: AL-1-T long, stout seta, AL-2-T medium-sized, hyaline, stout seta, AL-3-T campaniform sensillum; dorsals (Fig. 21): D-1-T, D-4-T medium–sized, stout seta, D-1-T stouter than D-4-T, D-2-T long, thin seta, D-3-T campaniform sensillum, D-5-T short, stout seta, SA-2-T campaniform sensillum. Metathoracics: M-2-T long, thin seta, M-3-T campaniform sensillum. Cephalothorax (Fig. 21) rectangular, smooth, except for a few small spinules, length 0.72 mm; width 0.475 mm. Abdomen: segments with smooth integument, pale yellow, with scarce, scattered spicules; without pigmentation pattern. Sensilla: Tergite 1 (Figs. 21) with setae as flows: D-2-I short, stout seta; D-3-I long, thin seta; D-7-I campaniform sensillum; D-4-I medium-sized, thin seta; D-8-I short, thin seta; D-9-I long, thin seta; L-1-I long, thin, seta, L-2-I, L-3-I campaniform sensilla. Second abdominal segment similar to the first one; segment 4 with sensillar pattern as follows: D-1-IV minute setae, D-2-IV short, stout seta; D-3-IV long, thin seta; D-4-IV, D-5-IV, D-8-IV minute setae; D-7-IV campaniform sensillum; D-9-IV long, thin seta; V-1-IV, V-2-IV campaniform sensilla; V-5-IV medium-sized, stout seta, V-6-IV short, thin seta; V-7-IV medium-sized, thin seta; L-I-IV, L-2-IV, L-3-IV short, stout setae, L-2-IV longer than L-1-IV and L-3-IV. Segment 9 (Figs. 14-15) 1.36 X longer than wide; ventral surface with many spicules; anterior band continuous with spines; length 0.16 mm, width 0.12 mm. Terminal process (Fig. 14-15) triangular, elongate, divergent, tip pointed; ventral surface spiculate, with D-5-IX, D-6-IX campaniform sensilla; length 0.07 mm. Male Pupa (Figs. 22–31). Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Total length 1.45–1.60 (1.53, n=2) mm. Exuviae pale brown. Dorsal apotome and sensilla (Fig. 22, 25–26) DAL 0.11 mm; DAW 0.14 mm; DAW/DAL 1.27. Mouthparts as in Fig. 23. Clypeal/ labrals and oculars as in Fig. 23. Sensilla anteromedial and anterolaterals as in Figs. 24–25. Dorsals as in Fig. 26. Respiratory organ (Figs. 25–25): length 0.15–0.16 (0.155, n=2) mm, RO wide 0.02 (n=2) mm; pedicel (Figs. 24–25) P length 0.03–0.04 (0.035, n=2) mm; P/RO length 0.27 (n=2). Cephalothorax rectangular: length 0.72–0.75 (0.73, n=2) mm; width 0.47–0.48 (0.475, n=2) mm. Metathoracics and tergite 1 as in Fig. 27. Segment 9 (Fig. 31) 1.36x longer than wide, ventral surface with several stout spicules on anterior margin, length 0.15 (n=2) mm, width 0.11–0.13 (0.12, n=2) mm. Terminal process (Fig. 31) moderately triangular, elongate, divergent, pointed; length 0.11 mm; genital lob (Fig. 31) produced beyond posterior margin of segment. Examined Material. Argentina, Misiones, Estancia “Santa Inés”, Ruta Nacional Nº 105, Km 8.5, Garupá, Departamento Capital, 27°31′40.9′′S, 55°51′59.4′′W, altitude 177 m; X-2014; M. Ayala; 2 males (with pupal exuviae), 1 female (with pupal exuvium); 4 larval exuviae (MPLA). Material examined by SEM. Argentina, Misiones, Estancia “Santa Inés”, Ruta Nacional Nº 105, Km 8.5, Garupá, Departamento Capital, 27°31′40.9′′S, 55°51′59.4′′W, altitude 177 m; X-2014; M. Ayala; 2 larvae, 1 pupa (MPLA). Distribution. USA (Colorado, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin to Louisiana and Florida) to Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Mendoza, Chaco, Misiones, Corrientes). Bionomics. The immatures here described were collected in mud in the southwestern province of Misiones, Argentina. The entomological survey was carried out in spring, on a sunny day between 12:00 and 12:30 pm, the air temperature was 24ºC, the water temperature was 20ºC, the conductivity was 37.5 µS, the dissolved oxygen was 4.3 ppm (59%) and the pH of 6.4. In the laboratory, the larvae were kept in a mixture of mud from the natural environment and demineralized water; they exhibited a typical serpentine motion when moving across the substrate. At 25–27ºC, the stage IV larva took 4 days to reach the pupal stage. The pupae exhibited slow abdominal circular movements, completing the stage development within 3 days when individually placed in cotton-stoppered vials at room temperature. All emerging adults were C. paraensis ., Published as part of Ayala, Mahia M., Díaz, Florentina, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Micieli, María V. & Ronderos, María M., 2022, Redescription of immature stages of Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), vector of the Oropouche virus, pp. 249-264 in Zootaxa 5205 (3) on pages 252-253, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5205.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7306937

Key to Macrurohelea of the Neotropical region (females of M. similis Spinelli & Grogan, M. morenoi n. sp. and M. ventanensis n. sp., and the males of M. fuscipennis Spinelli & Grogan and M. wirthi Spinelli & Grogan are unknown) 1. Females............................................................................................. 2 - Males............................................................................................. 15 2. One spermatheca......................................................................................3 - Two spermathecae (Figs. 4, 11, 29)....................................................................... 4 3. Large species (wing length 2.05 mm); wing with intercalary vein in cell r 3; wing membrane infuscated, veins dark brown............................................................................. M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan - Medium-size species (wing length 1.59���1.74 mm); wing without intercalary vein in cell r 3; wing membrane hyaline, veins pale.......................................................................... M. gentilii Spinelli & Grogan 4. Legs with numerous long bristly setae......................................................... M. setosa Wirth - Legs with vestiture of short setae......................................................................... 5 5. Large species (wing length 2.70 mm); anal lobe of wing well developed, broad............. M. thoracica Ingram & Macfie - Smaller species (wing length 0.94���1.80 mm); anal lobe of wing poorly developed.................................. 6 6. Tarsal claws with bifid tips..................................................... M. paracaudata Grogan & Wirth - Tarsal claws with entire pointed tips...................................................................... 7 7. Wing with intercalary vein in cell r3 (Fig. 28)............................................................... 8 - Wing without intercalary vein in cell r 3 (Figs. 3, 10)......................................................... 10 8. Intercalary vein very faint, not forked (Fig. 28)..................................................... M. sirii n. sp. - Intercalary vein forked................................................................................. 9 9. Flagellomeres 9���13 greatly elongate, antennal ratio1.61................................. M. wirthi Spinelli & Grogan - Flagellomeres 9���13 very short, antennal ratio 1.00..................................... M. caudata Ingram & Macfie 10. Proximal 1/3 of wing membrane whitish hyaline, clearly contrasting with distal 2/3 darkly infuscated............................................................................................ M. fuscipennis Spinelli & Grogan - Wing membrane hyaline or slightly infuscated, but uniformly pigmented (only slightly darkest on distal �� of cell r 3 in M. donatoi n. sp.)....................................................................................... 11 11. Small species (wing length 0.94 mm); flagellomeres 9���13 very short (antennal ratio 0.59)............... M. kuscheli Wirth - Larger species (wing length 1.27���1.80 mm); flagellomeres 9���13 elongate (antennal ratio1.10���1.36)................... 12 12. Thorax, excluding legs, dark brown, legs and abdomen yellowish (Figs. 2, 4).......................... M. bassoi n. sp. - Thorax and abdomen with same coloration................................................................ 13 13. Halter pale; spermathecae spheroidal with short necks.................................... M. irwini Grogan & Wirth - Halter light or dark brown; spermathecae ovoid with long, slender necks........................................ 14 14. Wing membrane infuscated brown, slightly darkest on distal �� of cell r 3 (Fig. 10); spermathecae large (longest 80���82 ��m long) with necks ca. 20 ��m long................................................................. M. donatoi n. sp. - Wing membrane uniformly lightly infuscated; spermathecae smaller (longest 53 ��m long) necks ca. 15 ��m long....................................................................................... M. yamana Spinelli & Grogan 15. Tip of parameres with hooked, slender process (Figs. 41, 49).................................................. 16 - Tip of parameres without hooked process (Figs. 37, 39, 43, 45, 47)..............................................17 16. Antennal flagellomeres 4���9 fused (Fig. 15); second radial cell 0.95���1.76x longer than first; distal portion of aedeagus heavily sclerotized, slender, with bifid tip (Fig. 42).................................................... M. kuscheli Wirth - Antennal flagellomeres 4���9 separated (Fig. 33); second radial cell twice as long as first (Fig. 35); distal portion of aedeagus lightly sclerotized, ending in a quadrate hyaline process (Figs. 36, 50)........................... M. ventanensis n. sp. 17. Legs with numerous long bristly setae.......................................................... M. setosa Wirth - Legs with vestiture of short setae........................................................................ 18 18. Gonostylus bent abruptly subapically at 90��.......................................... M. gentilii Spinelli & Grogan - Gonostylus curved or straight, but not bent abruptly subapically at 90��.......................................... 19 19. Aedeagus Y-shaped or V-shaped, basal arch stout or slender, distal portion short or elongate (Figs. 46, 48).............. 20 - Aedeagus triangular or tongue-shaped (Figs. 38, 40, 44, 50)................................................... 23 20. Large species (wing length 2.20 mm); aedeagus Y-shaped, with slender basal arch and distal portion elongate, slender; scutum, scutellum and post-scutellum golden brown; anal lobe of wing well developed, broad....... M. thoracica Ingram & Macfie - Smaller species (wing length 0.80���1.74 mm); aedeagus with stout basal arch and distal portion short; scutum, scutellum and post-scutellum dark brown; anal lobe of wing poorly developed............................................... 21 21. Sternite 9 with posteromedian excavation......................................... M. paracaudata Grogan & Wirth - Sternite 9 without posteromedian excavation (Figs. 25, 32)................................................... 22 22. Aedeagus V-shaped, very broad basally, broader than bases of parameres, distal portion triangular, divided medially, apices slightly divergent (Fig. 46); distal portion of parameres stout, nearly straight, slightly divergent distally, apex rounded (Fig. 45)................................................................................... M. morenoi n. sp. - Aedeagus Y-shaped, moderately narrow basally, slightly narrower than bases of parameres, distal portion slender, apex entire, pointed (Fig. 48); distal portion of parameres slender, apices tapered, divergent, with pointed tips (Fig. 47).... M. sirii n. sp. 23. Gonostylus abruptly curved at mid-length, distal �� highly modified with basomesal hump and broad foot-shaped apex (Fig. 7); distal portion of parameres with bulbous tips (Figs. 7, 37)......................................... M. bassoi n. sp. - Gonostylus curved or nearly straight, distal �� not modified (Figs. 14, 21); distal portion of parameres nearly straight, slender or stout, without bulbous tip (Figs. 39, 43)................................................................ 24 24. Parameres disjunct (Figs. 39, 43); gonostylus moderately curved with broad tip (Figs. 14, 21)....................... 25 - Parameres entire; gonostylus greatly curved with pointed tip.................................................. 27 25. Distal portion of parameres disjunct at mid-length.................................... M. yamana Spinelli & Grogan - Distal portion of parameres disjunct subapically (Figs. 39, 43)................................................. 26 26. Apicolateral process of tergite10 with short inner peg; sternite 9 with narrow shallow posteromedian excavation; gonostylus 0.85 length of gonocoxite (Fig. 14); aedeagus with convex lateral margins and slender basal arms (Fig. 40).................................................................................................... M. donatoi n. sp. - Apicolateral process of tergite 10 without short peg; sternite 9 with deep posteromedian excavation; gonostylus 0.69 length of gonocoxite (Fig. 21); aedeagus with straight lateral margins and stout basal arms with truncate apices (Fig. 44)...................................................................................... M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan 27. Gonostylus nearly straight, moderately short (length 0.50 mm); distal portion of parameres with tips bent 90��............................................................................................ M. irwini Grogan & Wirth - Gonostylus greatly curved, elongate (length 0.77���0.85 mm); distal portion of parameres tapering near apex with slightly bent pointed tips......................................................................................... 28 28. Cerci elongate, extending beyond tergite 10; aedeagus triangular, basal arch extending �� of total length, tip pointed; distal portions of parameres divergent.................................................... M. similis Spinelli & Grogan - Cerci shorter, not extending beyond tergite 10; aedeagus with very shallow basal arch, tip truncate; distal portions of parameres parallel....................................................................... M. caudata Ingram & Macfie, Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & Grogan, William L., 2022, Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 445-464 in Zootaxa 5093 (4) on pages 446-447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5912781

Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M., Grogan, William L. (2022): Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa 5093 (4): 445-464, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4

Macrurohelea ventanensis n. sp. (Figs. 33���36, 49���50) Zoobank urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9A500E88-CAE8-4F9E-976F-6F39BF21C962 Diagnosis. Males: the only species with a pale brown halter; tergite 9 abruptly tapered on basal 1/5, with rounded apex; tergite 10 with straight margins, apex straight with small, rounded apicolateral process with single divergent seta; parameres stout, nearly straight, widely separated, subparallel, with slender, slightly hooked, curved, fingerlike apical process; aedeagus basal arch deeply concave, heavily sclerotized, distal portion more lightly sclerotized, apex with a short hyaline quadrate process. Females unknown. Male. Head (Fig. 33) brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 2.5 ommatidia with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellomeres distinctly separated; flagellomeres 1���8 broadly moniliform, 9���10 narrow, slightly elongate, 11���13 more elongate, 13 longest. Palpus brown; segment 3 with small sensory pit slightly distad of mid-length; segment 4 0.66 length of segment 3, segment 5 slightly longer than segment 3, with bulbous apex; palpal ratio 2.00���2.50 (2.25, n =2). Thorax (Fig. 34) uniformly dark brown; scutum with 3 stout prealar setae, one postalar seta; scutellum with 4 stout, long setae. Legs medium brown; femora, tibiae very slender, greatly elongate; ventral palisade setae on tarsomere 1 of fore, hind legs; tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsal claws small, mostly straight, slightly curved on extreme bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 35) membrane pale, slightly infuscated with minute microtrichia; anterior veins yellowish brown, posterior veins paler; 2 nd radial cell twice as long as 1st; cell r 3 with poorly developed intercalary vein; r-m crossvein slightly shorter than petiole of M; medium-size macrotrichiae on costa; wing length 1.31���1.35 (1.33, n =2) mm, width 0.45���0.47 (0.46, n = 2) mm; costal ratio 0.59���0.63 (0.61, n =2); halter pale brown. Abdomen brown. Genitalia (Figs. 36, 49���50). Tergite 9 abruptly tapered on basal 1/5, distal portion broad, elongate with rounded apex, extending 0.75 length of gonocoxites. Tergite 10 with straight margins, apex straight with small rounded divergent apicolateral process with single medium-size seta; cercus slender, fingerlike. Sternite 9 2.4x broader than long, posteromedian margin with shallow excavation. Gonocoxite stout, twice as long as wide, with rounded sub-basal mesal extension; gonostylus 0.77 length of gonocoxite, proximal �� broadest, distal �� greatly curved with pointed apex. Parameres (Fig. 49) broadly separated, heavily sclerotized; basal apodeme stout, laterally directed, apex blunt; distal halves stout, nearly straight, sub-parallel, with slender, slightly hooked, apical, curved finger-like process.Aedeagus (Fig. 50) broadly triangular, 0.80 length of basal width; basal arm stout, laterally directed with curved truncate tip; basal arch deeply concave, heavily sclerotized, extending nearly 2/3 of total length; distal portion lightly sclerotized, tapered distally, with a short, apical hyaline quadrate process. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype male, paratype male, labeled ��� Macrurohelea ventanensis Spinelli, Ronderos and Grogan ���, ��� Argentina, Buenos Aires, Reserva Parque Prov. Ernesto Torquinst, arroyo Ventana, 38��03���31.7������S, 62��01���11.8������W, 574 m, XI/2012, A. Siri ��� M. Donato, Malaise trap. Distribution. Argentina, known only from the type-locality in southern Buenos Aires province. Derivation of specific epithet. The specific epithet is in reference to Sierra de la Ventana, where the type-series was collected. Discussion. Males of this new species are similar to those of M. kuscheli. However, in M. kuscheli flagellomeres 4���9 are fused, and the aedeagus is slightly triangular with the distal portion slender, bifid, with short, separated tips., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & Grogan, William L., 2022, Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 445-464 in Zootaxa 5093 (4) on pages 458-462, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5912781

Macrurohelea donatoi n. sp. (Figs. 8–14, 39–40) Zoobank urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 668340D8-826C-44CC-A671-8272CFF9B7BB Diagnosis. Females: the only species with flagellomeres 9–12 elongate, 13 greatly elongate, nearly twice as long as 9; thorax and legs dark brown; wing membrane and cells infuscated brown, slightly darkest on distal ½ of cell r 3 and r-m crossvein; cell r 3 without intercalary vein; halter dark brown; two ovoid, slightly unequal-size spermathecae with long slender, tapered necks. Males: the only species with minute apicolateral process on tergite 9 with a short inner peg; distal portion of parameres nearly straight, fractured subapically and narrowly separated from short, triangular tip. Female. Head (Fig. 8) dark brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia, with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum dark brown; flagellomere 1 with pair of apical sensilla coeloconica; flagellomeres 2–8 short, vasiform, 9–13 elongate, 13 longest, nearly twice as long as 9; antennal ratio 1.16–1.36 (1.28, n=7). Palpus dark brown; segment 3 with shallow sensory pit; segment 4 very short, segment 5 nearly as long as segment 3; palpal ratio 2.00 (n=7). Mandible with 9–12 coarse medial teeth. Thorax (Fig.9) uniformly dark brown. Scutum with 2 stout prealar setae, 1 postalar seta; scutellum with 4 stout setae. Legs dark brown; ventral palisade setae on tarsomere 1 of fore, hind legs; hind tarsal ratio 2.60–2.80 (2.68, n=3); tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsomeres 5 with pair of small claws slightly curved at tips. Wing (Fig. 10) membrane infuscated brown, slightly darkest on r-m crossvein and distal ½ of cell r 3, surface with minute microtrichia; veins dark brown; 2 nd radial cell 2.00–3.45 (2.52, n=7)x longer than 1st; cell r 3 without intercalary vein; costa with very short macrotrichia; r-m crossvein as long as petiole of M; wing length 1.57–1.80 (1.70, n=7) mm, width 0.66–0.80 (0.72, n=7) mm; costal ratio 0.71–0.75 (0.72, n=7). Halter dark brown. Abdomen (Fig.11) dark brown. Segments 9–10 elongate, bent forward ventrally; sternite 8 heavily sclerotized with a prominent semi-circular medioposterior sclerite and shallow posteromedian U-shaped excavation. Two ovoid, slightly unequal-size spermathecae with long, slender, tapered necks, measuring 80–82 (80, n=2) by 54–58 (56, n=2) µm, and 70–80 (75, n=2) by 46–54 (50, n=2) µm, necks ca. 20 µm long. Male. Similar to female with the following notable sexual differences. Head (Fig. 12) dark brown, slightly flattened dorsoventrally. Eyes separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum with flagellomeres distinctly separated; plume very dense, extending to mid-length of flagellomere 12; antennal ratio 0.61. Palpus moderately short; segment 5 nearly as long as segment 3. Tarsal claws small, nearly straight with bifid tips. Wing (Fig.13) similar to female but narrower; 2 nd radial cell 1.70x longer than 1st; cell r 3 with very faint intercalary vein; wing length 1.74 mm, width 0.59 mm; costal ratio 0.68.Genitalia (Figs.14, 39–40).Tergite 9triangular, extending 0.80 length of gonocoxites. Tergite 10 very short, apicolateral process minute with a short peg; cercus slender, elongate, finger-like with sparse long setae. Sternite 9 stout, 2.70x broader than long, with a shallow, narrow posteromedian excavation. Gonocoxite stout, 1.45x longer than broad; gonostylus 0.85 length of gonocoxite, moderately curved on distal 1/2, apex broadly rounded. Parameres (Fig. 39) separate; basal apodeme slender, directed laterally, anterior margin with short, stout tubercle, distal portion nearly straight, tapering gradually distally, fractured subapically, narrowly separated from short, triangular tip. Aedeagus (Fig. 40) triangular, slightly broader than long; basal arm slender, heavily sclerotized, directed laterally; basal arch irregular, extending 0.20 of total length; lateral margins convex, tapering distally to heavily sclerotized, subapical, U-shaped process; tip ovoid, lightly sclerotized. Distribution. Known only from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Type material. Holotype male, labeled “ Holotype Macrurohelea donatoi Spinelli, Ronderos & Grogan ”, “ Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, río Tristén y ruta nacional 3, 54°43’59.24”S, 67°54’48.08W, 7-XII-2005, G. Spinelli, aerial net (MLPA); allotype female and 6 other female paratypes, Tierra del Fuego, ruta complementaria J, km 73.5, 54°55’36”S, 66°57’28.6W, 113 m, 2/ 6-XII-2008, Spinelli–Donato, Malaise trap (MLPA). Derivation of specific epithet. We are pleased to name this new species after Dr. Mariano Donato of the Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet”, La Plata, Argentina, for his friendship and companionship during several collecting trips to Patagonia. Discussion. The holotype male of this new species is very similar to M. yamana Spinelli & Grogan, a species that also inhabits the island of Tierra del Fuego. However, in M. yamana the gonocoxite is longer, the gonostylus is also longer, more slender with a broader apex, the parameres are fractured beyond mid-length and their apices are curved distally and greatly divergent; the aedeagus is slender with a concave basal arch and the distal portion lacks the subapical, U-shaped process, and has a slightly broader apex. Females of both species are nearly indistinguishable, but the wing is slightly smaller in M. yamana (wing length 1.46–1.54 mm vs. 1.57–1.80 mm in M. donatoi), the membrane is only slightly infuscated including the distal ½ of cell r 3 which also lacks an intercalary vein, and the spermathecae are smaller (45–53µm long by 38µm wide vs. 70–82 µm long by 46–58 µm wide in M. donatoi) and not as greatly tapered above their necks. The holotype of M. donatoi also resembles males of M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan, but in that species the basal arms of the aedeagus are stouter and their lateral margins are straight, the posteromedian excavation of sternite 9 is shallow, and the apicolateral process of tergite 9 has a medium-size seta instead of a peg.

Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie, 1931: 203. Type species, Macrurohelea caudata Ingram & Macfie, by original designation.

Macrurohelea morenoi n. sp. (Figs. 22���25, 45���46) Zoobank urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D6215D38-E884-4847-8A2D-B42243955120 Diagnosis. Males: the only species with a dark brown thorax, legs and abdomen and a pale brown halter; tergite 9 triangular, extending 0.75 length of gonocoxites, tergite 10 with broad truncate apex, apicolateral process very short, triangular, without apical seta; sternite 9 2.2x broader than long, tapering slightly distally, posteromedian margin convex; parameres stout, nearly straight, distal halves slightly divergent distally, tips rounded; aedeagus broad, Vshaped, basal arch deep, heavily sclerotized, extending 0.63 length of basal width, distal portion short, triangular, divided medially, apices slightly divergent. Females unknown. Male. Head (Fig. 22) dark brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum with flagellomeres 1���10 distinctly separated, 11���13 lost in the holotype. Palpus medium dark brown; segment 3 with very shallow sensory pit at distal 1/3; segment 4 short, segment 5 slightly longer than segment 3; palpal ratio 2.22. Thorax (Fig. 23) uniformly dark brown; scutum with 5 stout prealar setae and 1 postalar seta; scutellum with 3 long, stout setae and 5 slender, shorter setae. Legs dark brown (hind legs missing in the examined specimen); tarsomeres 4 of fore, mid legs cordiform; claws of fore, mid legs small, slightly curved with bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 24) membrane slightly infuscated with minute microtrichiae, veins brown; medium-size macrotrichiae on costa; 2 nd radial cell slightly shorter than 1st; cell r 3 without intercalary veins; r-m crossvein shorter than petiole of M; wing length 0.94 mm, width 0.37 mm; costal ratio 0.62. Halter pale brown. Abdomen (Fig. 23) dark brown. Genitalia (Figs. 25, 45���46). Tergite 9 triangular, extending 0.75 length of gonocoxites. Tergite 10 with slightly convex lateral margins and truncate apex, apicolateral process very short, triangular without apical seta, cercus slender, finger-like (adpressed to ventral surface in the holotype). Sternite 9 2.2x broader than long, tapering distally, posteromedian margin convex. Gonocoxite stout, 1.45x longer than broad, with pointed mesal protuberance; gonostylus 0.73 length of gonocoxite, distal 2/3 greatly curved, tip pointed. Parameres (Fig. 45) narrowly separated, heavily sclerotized; basal apodeme stout, laterally directed, recurved 120��, with short pointed laterally directed protuberance; distal portion stout, nearly straight, distal �� slightly divergent, apex rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 46) broad, V-shaped, 0.63 length of basal width; basal arch heavily sclerotized, stout, curved, extending 0.5 of total length; distal portion short, more lightly sclerotized, triangular, divided medially, tapered distally, apices slightly divergent. Female. Unknown. Type material. Holotype male, labeled ��� Holotype Macrurohelea morenoi Spinelli, Ronderos and Grogan ���, ��� Argentina, R��o Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, laguna Schmoll, 41��11���36.7������S, 71��29���51.2������W, 1925 m, 24-I/19- II/2007, A. Garr�� ��� F. Montes de Oca, Malaise trap. Distribution. Argentina, known only from the type-locality. Derivation of specific epithet. This species is named after Francisco P. Moreno, former Director of the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, in recognition of his extraordinary contributions while exploring Argentine Patagonia during the late nineteen century. Discussion. This new species is similar to M. sirii n. sp., but in that species the base of the aedeagus is narrower than the bases of parameres and the distal portion is slender with entire pointed apex, and the parameres are slender distally, with apices tapered, divergent, with outer pointed tips., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & Grogan, William L., 2022, Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 445-464 in Zootaxa 5093 (4) on pages 455-457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5912781

Macrurohelea bassoi n.sp. (Figs. 1–7, 37–38) Zoobank urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CCBCE121-819C-47B1-97CF-827112AD687D Diagnosis. Females: the only species with a dark brown thorax and contrasting yellowish legs and abdomen; halter pale, transparent; and abdominal segment 9 greatly elongate. Males: the only species with a crescent-shaped tergite 10; gonocoxite stout with pointed basomesal tubercle; gonostylus abruptly curved at mid-length, distal ½ highly modified with inner mesal hump and broad foot-shaped apex; parameres with distal halves closely approximated, nearly straight, basal arms tapered distally, recurved 120° with inner slender external extension, apices with broad bulbous tips; and distal portion of aedeagus tongue-shaped with tip slightly notched mesally. Female. Head (Fig. 1) dark brown. Eyes narrowly separated medially by the width of 2 ommatidia, with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum uniformly golden brown; flagellomere 1 with pair of apical sensilla coeloconica; flagellomeres 1–8 short, vasiform, 9–13 more elongate, 13 longest; antennal ratio 1.06–1.20 (1.13, n=10). Palpus pale brown, segment 5 slightly infuscated on distal 1/2; segment 3 with very shallow sensory pit (imperceptible in some specimens); segment 4 short, segment 5 as long as segment 3; palpal ratio 2.00–2.80 (2.30, n=10). Mandible with 8–10 coarse medial teeth. Thorax (Fig. 2) uniformly dark brown; scutum with 2 stout prealar setae, 1 postalar seta; scutellum with 3 stout setae and 4 slender setae. Legs yellowish, hind tibia slightly darker; tarsomeres 3–5 slightly infuscated; tarsomere 1 of fore, hind legs with ventral row of palisade setae; tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsomeres 5 with pair of small claws slightly curved at tip; hind tarsal ratio 2.00 (n=10). Wing (Fig. 3) membrane hyaline, slightly infuscated with dense microtrichiae; veins pale yellowish; 2 nd radial cell 2.44–3.33 (2.91, n=10)x longer than 1st; cell r 3 without intercalary veins; r-m crossvein slightly longer than petiole of M; costa with fringe of stout macrotrichia; wing length 1.30–1.42 (1.38, n=10) mm, width 0.58–0.63 (0.60, n=10) mm; costal ratio 0.72–0.76 (0.73, n=10). Halter pale. Abdomen (Fig. 4) yellowish. Segment 9 greatly elongate, 10 elongate but much shorter than 9, both segments bent anteroventrally; sternite 8 lightly sclerotized with a short, rounded, posteromedian excavation. Two ovoid, slightly unequal-size spermathecae with moderately long, slender necks, measuring 54–70 (65, n=7) by 45–54 (48, n=7) µm, 50–66 (58, n=7) by 43–48 (45, n=7) µm, necks 9 µm long. Male. Similar to female with the following notable sexual differences. Head (Fig. 5). Eyes narrowly separated medially (visible in the male paratype; the top of the head is fractured in the holotype). Antennal flagellum with flagellomeres distinctly separated; flagellomeres 2–8 vasiform, 9–10 slightly elongate, 11–13 greatly elongate; antennal ratio 0.72–0.80 (0.76, n=3). Palpus similar to female, moderately short; segment 3 with few sensilla on surface; palpal ratio 2.70–3.00 (2.90, n=3). Thorax similar to female. Legs brown, tarsal claws small, nearly straight with bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 6) narrower than female, with darker, well defined posterior veins; 2 nd radial cell shorter than female, only 1.5x longer than 1 st; wing length 1.32–1.48 (1.39, n=3) mm, width 0.49–0.51 (0.50, n=3) mm; costal ratio 0.64 (n=3). Abdomen dark brown. Genitalia (Fig. 7). Tergite 9 triangular, extending 0.70 length of gonocoxites, with blunt apex. Tergite 10 crescent-shaped, extending to almost the level of apex of gonocoxites; apicolateral process minute, with medium-size seta; cercus slender, finger-like, setose. Sternite 9 2.7x broader than long, posteromedian margin slightly convex. Gonocoxite stout, 1.45x longer than wide, with prominent basomesal tubercle with pointed tip; gonostylus stout, 0.85 length of gonocoxite, abruptly curved at mid-length, distal ½ highly modified with inner mesal hump and broad foot-shaped apex. Parameres (Fig. 37) separate; basal apodeme slender, arcuate, directed posterolaterally, anterior margin with heavily sclerotized colon-shaped process directed posteriorly; distal portion nearly straight, basal 2/3 broad, abruptly tapering distally, tip bulbous. Aedeagus (Fig. 38) elongate, tongue-shaped, slightly shorter than basal width; basal arms broad basally, widely spaced at bases, apex narrowed, recurved, heavily sclerotized; basal arch V-shaped extending 0.25 of total length (shorter and slightly concave in one paratype); distolateral extension hyaline with lateral margins slightly divergent, with broad, rounded and slightly mesally notched tip. Distribution. Argentina, in Nothofagus forests of Río Negro and Chubut provinces. Type material. Holotype male labeled “ Holotype Macrurohelea bassoi Spinelli, Ronderos & Grogan ”, “ Argentina, Río Negro, El Bolsón, 41°57’53.72”S, 71°32’7.22”W, 29-XI-1999, G. Spinelli, at light” (MLPA). Paratypes, 2 males, 19 females, as follows: allotype female and 15 other females with same data as holotype; Río Negro, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Ñireco, 41º11’51.9’’S 71º19’40.5’’W, 962 m, 18-II-2007, A. Garré – F. Montes de Oca, Malaise trap, 4 females; Chubut, Parque Nacional Los Alerces, 42°51’59.81”S, 71°36’4.76”W, L. Quate, Malaise trap, 1 male; Chubut, Puesto de Gendarmería “El Triana”, cerro Galera, 45°46’50’’S, 71°43’56’’W, 670 m, 2-XII-2002, G. Spinelli, 1 male, aerial net. Derivation of specific epithet. We are pleased to name this new species after Dr. Néstor G. Basso of Centro Nacional Patagónico, Puerto Madryn, Argentina, for his friendship and companionship during several collecting trips in Patagonia. Discussion. This new species keys to couplets 8 (females) and 16 (males) of M. irwini Grogan & Wirth in the key to Neotropical Macrurohelea by Spinelli & Grogan (1990). Males of M. bassoi n. sp. differ from males of M. irwini by the crescent-shaped tergite 10, the highly modified gonostylus that is abruptly curved at mid-length, the distal ½ is highly modified with an inner mesal hump and broad foot-shaped apex (gonostylus much shorter, narrower with a curved sharply pointed apex in M. irwini); parameres separate with bulbous apices (parameres fused basally, slender, divergent distally with apices bent at 90º in M. irwini); and, aedeagus slender, elongate with apex rounded and slightly notched mesally (aedeagus short, triangular with very long basal arms that are doubly recurved in M. irwini). Females differ from those of M. irwini by the contrasting coloration between their dark brown thorax and their yellowish legs and abdomen. Females and males of this new species were collected on the same date at the type-locality. Although the two sexes differ in the coloration of their legs and abdomen, their wings are nearly identical with the usual sexual differences such as the shorter 2 nd radial cell in males.

Macrurohelea sirii n. sp. (Figs. 26–32, 47–48) Zoobank urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3C6720DC-14F8-4D84-B9EB-785788500D36 Diagnosis. Females: the only species with flagellomeres 2–8 short, barrel-shaped, 9–12 vasiform, very slightly elongate, 13 longest; thorax dark brown; wing membrane hyaline, veins brown, cell r 3 with faint intercalary vein; halter pale; posteromedian excavation of sternite 8 heavily sclerotized, dark brown; two round, slightly unequal-size spermathecae with short, slender necks. Males: the only species with tergite 10 with lateral margins convergent, apex truncate; apicolateral process minute with medium-size seta; distal portion of parameres slender, slightly divergent distally, apices tapered with outer pointed tip; aedeagus broadly Y-shaped, with a stout, curved medial basal arch and apices short, slender, with adpressed pointed tips. Female. Head (Fig. 26) dark brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 2 ommatidia with short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum uniformly light brown; flagellomere 1 massive with pair of apical sensilla coeloconica; flagellomeres 2–8 short, barrel-shaped, 9–12 slightly elongate, vasiform, 13 longest, broader than 2–12; antennal ratio 0.74–0.93 (0.84, n = 4). Palpus elongate, light brown; segment 3 with well developed subapical sensory pit; segment 4 short, segment 5 slightly longer than segment 3; palpal ratio 2.00 (n = 4). Mandible with 8–10 coarse teeth. Thorax (Fig. 27) uniformly dark brown; scutum with 3 stout prealar setae, one postalar seta; scutellum with 3 stout setae. Legs uniformly medium brown; palisade setae on tarsomere 1 of hind leg; hind tarsal ratio 2.12–2.33 (2.21, n = 4); tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsomeres 5 with pair of small, slightly curved tarsal claws. Wing (Fig. 28) membrane hyaline with numerous microtrichiae; anterior veins dark brown, posterior veins light brown; costa with long setae; second radial cell 1.80–2.63 (2.20, n = 4)x longer than first; cell r 3 with very faint intercalary vein; r-m crossvein as long as petiole of M; medium-size macrotrichiae on costa; wing length 0.94–1.21 (1.09, n = 4) mm, width 0.42–0.54 (0.49, n = 4) mm; costal ratio 0.72–0.75 (0.73, n = 4). Halter pale. Abdomen (Fig. 29) medium brown. Segments 9–10 elongated, bent forward ventrally; sternite 8 stout with broad, rounded posteromedian excavation with heavily sclerotized borders. Two round, slightly unequal-size spermathecae with short, slender necks, diameters 44–56 (49, n = 3) and 40–52 (45, n = 3) µm, necks approximately 10 µm long. Male. Coloration similar to female with the usual sexual differences. Head (Fig. 30). Eyes broadly separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum with flagellomeres distinctly separated; antennal ratio 0.51–0.59 (0.56, n =6). Palpus slender, elongate, segment 3 slightly longer than segment 5. Tarsal claws small, nearly straight with bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 31) veins brown; 2 nd radial cell 1.22–1.41 (1.32, n = 7)x longer than 1st; a very faint intercalary vein in cell r 3; wing length 0.86–1.06 (1.00, n = 7) mm, width 0.32–0.42 (0.40, n = 7) mm; costal ratio 0.63–0.70 (0.67, n = 7). Abdomen brown. Genitalia (Figs. 32, 47–48). Tergite 9 extending 0.55 length of gonocoxite, abruptly tapering at mid-length with rounded apex. Tergite 10 with lateral margins slightly convergent, apex truncate, extending 0.70 length of gonocoxite; apicolateral process minute, with medium-size seta; cercus slender, finger-like, slightly divergent. Sternite 9 2.5x broader than long, posteromedian margin slightly convex. Gonocoxite stout, 1.60x longer than sub-basal width, narrowing gradually distally; gonostylus slender, 0.75 length of gonocoxite, curved distally, tip pointed. Parameres (Fig. 47) separate; basal apodeme very stout, recurved 120°, with short, heavily sclerotized, posteriorly directed basal lobe; distal portions slender, closely approximated anteriorly, divergent at mid-length, each half tapering slightly distally with pointed, outer tip. Aedeagus (Fig. 48) broadly Y-shaped, 1.3x broader than long, with stout, slightly concave basal arch, which extends 1/3 of total length; distal extensions short, slender, tapering slightly distally, tips pointed. Type material. Holotype male, labeled “ Holotype Macrurohelea sirii Spinelli, Ronderos and Grogan ”, “ Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, arroyo León, 40º43’49’’S, 71º09’11.6’’W, 762 m, 12-XII- 2007 / 3-I-2008, A. Garré – F. Montes de Oca, Malaise trap ” (MLPA); allotype female, Argentina, Neuquén, Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, río Minero, 40°41’23.5’’S, 71°17’33.2’’W, 832 m, A. Garré – F. Montes de Oca, Malaise trap. Paratypes, 6 males, 3 females, as follows: same data as holotype, 4 males, 3 females; same data as allotype, 2 males. Derivation of specific epithet. We are pleased to name this new species after Dr. Augusto Siri of the Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet” La Plata, Argentina, for his friendship and companionship during several collecting trips to Patagonia. Distribution. Argentina, in Nothofagus forests of Neuquén province. Discussion. Females of this new species are very similar to those of M. wirthi Spinelli & Grogan, from which they can be distinguished by the distinctly longer distal flagellomeres in M. wirthi and by the intercalary vein of cell r 3 that is fainter in M. wirthi. Males resemble males of M. similis Spinelli & Grogan, but in that species the posterior margin of sternite 9 is straight, the gonocoxite is curved, and the aedeagus is triangular, and its distal portion tapers to a moderately pointed tip. It is also similar to M. morenoi n. sp., but in that species the base of the aedeagus is broader than the bases of parameres and the distal portion is triangular and divided medially with apices slightly divergent, and the distal portion of parameres is stout, nearly straight and slightly divergent distally with rounded tips.

Macrurohelea monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Figs. 19���21, 43���44) Macrurohelea monotheca Spinelli & Grogan, 1984: 965 (female; Argentina); Spinelli & Grogan 1990: 132 (in key); Spinelli & Wirth 1993: 45 (in list of Ceratopogonidae of Argentina); Borkent & Wirth 1997: 100 (in World catalogue); Spinelli 1998: 325 (in list of Ceratopogonidae of Argentina); Borkent & Spinelli 2000: 49 (in New World catalogue south of the USA); Borkent & Spinelli 2007: 82 (in Neotropical catalogue); Spinelli & Marino 2009: 205 (in list of Ceratopogonidae of Patagonia); Borkent & Dominiak 2020: 164 (in World catalogue). Diagnosis. Females: the only species with flagellomeres 2���8 short, 9���13 greatly elongated, antennal ratio 1.70; thorax dark brown; wing membrane infuscated, cell r 3 with intercalary fork; second radial cell 3.50x longer than first, halter light brown; one ovoid spermatheca without sclerotized neck. Males: the only species with dark brown thorax; legs with vestiture of short setae; tergite 10 with convex lateral margins; sternite 9 with deep posteromedian excavation; gonostylus moderately curved with two apical points; distal portion of parameres disjunct subapically; aedeagus triangular, with straight lateral margins and stout basal arms with truncate apices, apex slender, with slender heavily sclerotized base and transparent hyaline apical extension. Male. Head (Fig. 19) dark brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia, with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum with flagellomeres distinctly separated, 2���8 globular, 11���13 greatly elongate; antennal ratio 0.59. Palpus dark brown; segment 3 with sensory pit at 2/3 of its length; segment 4 short, segment 5 slightly longer than segment 3; palpal ratio 2.00. Thorax uniformly dark brown; scutum with 5 stout prealar setae, one postalar seta; scutellum with 3 stout, long setae and 5 slender, shorter setae. Legs dark brown; ventral palisade setae on tarsomere 1 of fore, hind legs; tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsal claws small, nearly straight with bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 20) membrane slightly infuscated with minute microtrichia, veins brown; second radial cell 2.27x longer than first; cell r 3 with faint intercalary vein; r-m crossvein slightly shorter than petiole of M; mediumsize macrotrichiae on costa; wing length 1.46 mm, width 0.53 mm; costal ratio 0.70. Halter pale brown. Abdomen dark brown. Genitalia (Figs. 21, 43���44). Tergite 9 extending 0.60 length of gonocoxites, rectangular on proximal 1/3, distal 2/3 tapering to blunt tip. Tergite 10 with convex lateral margins, posterior margin notched; apicolateral processes small, parallel, with short apical seta; cercus short, slender, with apical seta. Sternite 9 1.8x broader than long, with deep, rounded posteromedian excavation. Gonocoxite stout, elongate, 1.85x longer than broad, slightly curved distally; gonostylus 0.69 length of gonocoxite, moderately curved, apex slightly concave with pointed tips. Parameres (Fig.43) broadly separated; basal apodeme broad basally, apex slender, laterally directed at over 90��; distal halves nearly straight, tapered slightly distally, fractured subapically, separated from short, triangular divergent tips. Aedeagus (Fig. 44) slightly triangular, 1.25x longer than basal width; basal arm slender, heavily sclerotized, laterally directed at 45�� with blunt tips; basal arch concave, extending 0.22 of total length; lateral margins of distal portion straight, tapering distally to heavily sclerotized, slender subapical, U-shaped process, apex elongate ovoid, lightly sclerotized. Holotype female, Argentina, Neuqu��n, San Mart��n de los Andes, 40��9���39.65���S, 71��21���13.15���W, 23-IV-1982, M. Gentili, light trap (MLPA, examined). New record. Argentina, Neuqu��n, Parque Nacional Lanin, lago Huachulafquen, 39��45���0.70���S, 71��27���21.48���W 28-II-1998, G. Spinelli, aerial net, 1 male (MLPA). Distribution. Argentina, known only from Neuqu��n. Discussion. The male described herein exhibits common features with females, such as distal flagellomeres greatly elongated, palpal segment 3 with sensory pit at 2/3 of its length, wing membrane slightly infuscated with minute microtrichia, veins brown, cell r 3 with intercalary vein, r-m crossvein slightly shorter than petiole of M, and halter pale brown. Males of M. monotheca are similar to males of M. yamana and M. donatoi n. sp. However, M. yamana differs by the shallow, narrow posteromedian excavation of sternite 9, the gonocoxite is as long as the gonostylus, and the parameres are fractured at mid-length. Males of M. donatoi differs from M. monotheca by the apicolateral process of tergite 9 bearing a short inner peg, the posteromedian excavation of sternite 9 is narrow and shallow, and by the aedeagus with convex lateral margins and slender basal arms, Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & Grogan, William L., 2022, Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 445-464 in Zootaxa 5093 (4) on pages 454-455, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5912781, {"references":["Spinelli, G. R. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (1984) Three new species of Macrurohelea from Argentina with a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 86, 961 - 967.","Spinelli, G. R. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (1990) New species of predaceous midges of the tribe Ceratopogonini from subantarctic Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 92, 127 - 134.","Spinelli, G. R. & Wirth, W. W. (1993) Los Ceratopogonidae de la Argentina (Insecta: Diptera). In: Castellanos, Z. A. de (Dir.), Fauna de agua dulce de la Republica, Argentina, 38, Fasc. 3, Profadu (Conicet), pp. 1 - 124.","Borkent, A. & Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1 - 257.","Spinelli, G. R. (1998) Capitulo 30. Ceratopogonidae. In: Coscaron, S. & Morrone, J. J. (Eds.). Biodiversidad de los artropodos argentinos. Una aproximacion biotaxonomica. Ediciones Sur, La Plata, pp. 314 - 326.","Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of the New World biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 107.","Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, R., Rueda-Delgado, G. & Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp.","Spinelli, G. R. & Marino, P. I. (2009) Estado actual del conocimiento de la familia Ceratopogonidae en la Patagonia (Diptera: Nematocera). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 68, 201 - 208.","Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4787.1.1"]}

Macrurohelea kuscheli Wirth (Figs. 15���18, 41���42) Macrurohelea kuscheli Wirth, 1965: 49 (female; Chile); Wirth 1974: 39 (in New World catalogue south of the USA); Spinelli & Grogan 1984: 962 (in key); Spinelli & Grogan 1990: 132 (in key); Borkent & Wirth 1997: 100 (in World catalogue); Borkent & Spinelli 2000: 49 (in New World catalogue south of the USA); Borkent & Spinelli 2007: 82 (in Neotropical catalogue); Spinelli & Marino 2009: 205 (in list of Ceratopogonidae of Patagonia); Borkent & Dominiak 2020: 164 (in World catalogue). Diagnosis. Females: the only species with flagellomeres 2���8 very short, moniliform, 9���12 slightly broader than long, 13 longest, twice as long as 12; thorax and legs dark brown; wing membrane pale grayish, without intercalary vein in cell r 3, costal ratio 0.68; halter brownish; two ovoid, subequal-size spermathecae without sclerotized necks and a 3 rd very small spermatheca. Males: the only species with flagellomeres 4���9 fused, more or less globular, 11���13 separate, more elongate; parameres with distal portion slender, nearly straight, with elongate, hooked, slender distal process; aedeagus slightly triangular, with distal portion slender, bifid, tips short, separated. Male. Head (Fig. 15) dark brown. Eyes separated medially by width of 3 ommatidia, with numerous short interommatidial spicules. Antennal flagellum short, with flagellomeres 4���9 fused, more or less globular, 10���13 separate, more elongate; antennal ratio 0.44���0.52 (0.49, n=6). Palpus pale brown; segment 3 with very shallow sensory pit at distal 1/3; segment 4 very short, segment 5 slightly longer than segment 3; palpal ratio 1.62���2.22 (1.96, n=5). Thorax (Fig. 16) uniformly dark brown; scutum with 4 stout prealar setae, one postalar seta; scutellum with 3 stout, long setae and 3 slender, shorter setae. Legs dark brown; ventral palisade setae on tarsomere 1 of fore, hind legs; tarsomeres 4 cordiform; tarsal claws very short, mostly straight with bifid tips. Wing (Fig. 17) membrane hyaline with minute microtrichia, veins pale gray; second radial cell 0.95���1.76 (1.25, n=6)x longer than first; cell r 3 without intercalary vein; M 2 barely perceptible, but apparently r-m crossvein as long as petiole of M; medium-size macrotrichiae on costa; wing length 0.80���0.89 (0.84, n=6) mm, width 0.32���0.34 (0.33, n=6) mm; costal ratio 0.61��� 0.65 (0.62, n=6). Halter brown.Abdomen (Fig. 16) dark brown. Genitalia (Figs. 18, 41���42). Tergite 9 semi-triangular with blunt tip, extending 0.6 length of gonocoxites. Tergite 10 quadrate, posterior margin straight, apicolateral process elongate, tip slightly bifid with slender mesal seta; cercus slender, elongate, finger-like. Sternite 9 3x broader than long, posteromedian margin nearly straight. Gonocoxite stout, 1.4x longer than wide, with stout, antero-mesal tubercle; gonostylus 0.8 length of gonocoxite, slender, curved on distal 1/2, tip pointed. Parameres (Fig.41) separate; basal apodeme slender, laterally directed, anterior margin with short tubercle, distal portion slender, nearly straight, with elongate, hooked, slender distal process. Aedeagus (Fig. 42) slightly triangular, 0.60x longer than basal width; basal arch lightly sclerotized, extending 0.40 of total length; distal portion slender, bifid, heavily sclerotized, tips short, separated. Holotype Female. Chile, Valparaiso, Algarrobo, 18- IX/1951, G. Kuschel (USNM, examined in 1983 by GRS). New records. Argentina, R��o Negro, PN Nahuel Huapi, r��o Manso medio, La Cantera, 41��21���16������S, 71��42���27.3������W, 764 m, 11-XII-2006 / 15-I-2007, A. Garr�� ��� F. Montes de Oca, 1 female, Malaise trap (MLPA); same data except 11/ 30-XII-2007, 1 male, 3 females; same data except 10-XI-2008 / 1-XII-2008, 1 male; R��o Negro, PN Nahuel Huapi, arroyo Vertiente, 41��36���5.8������S, 71��36���24.8������W, 468 m, 10-XI-2008 / 1-XII-2008, A. Garr�� ��� F. Montes de Oca, 4 males, 3 females, Malaise trap (MLPA). Chile, Arauco, Pata de Gallina, 7-XII-2003, G. Spinelli, aerial net, 1 male (MLPA). Distribution. Chile and Argentina (western R��o Negro province). Discussion. The males described herein were collected associated with females and they exhibit common features with females, such as their small size, short flagellum, palpal segment 3 with very shallow sensory pit, wing membrane hyaline with minute microtrichia, veins pale gray, cell r 3 without intercalary vein, vein M 2 barely perceptible, r-m crossvein as long as petiole of M, and brown halter. Males of M. kuscheli are readily distingished from other Neotropical congeners by their fused flagellomeres 4���9. The genitalia of M. kuscheli is similar to M. ventanensis n. sp., but in that species the aedeagus is broadly triangular, with deeply concave basal arch and distal portion tapered distally, with short, apical hyaline quadrate process. In an apparent lapsus, Wirth (1965) noted for females ���second radial cell 0.5 as long as second.��� However, he meant to say the 1st radial cell was about half the length of the 2 nd radial cell., Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & Grogan, William L., 2022, Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 445-464 in Zootaxa 5093 (4) on pages 452-454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5912781, {"references":["Wirth, W. W. (1965) Two new species of Macrurohelea from Chile (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 41, 46 - 50.","Wirth, W. W. (1974) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, Fasc. 14, 1 - 89.","Spinelli, G. R. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (1984) Three new species of Macrurohelea from Argentina with a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 86, 961 - 967.","Spinelli, G. R. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (1990) New species of predaceous midges of the tribe Ceratopogonini from subantarctic Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 92, 127 - 134.","Borkent, A. & Wirth, W. W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1 - 257.","Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2000) Catalog of the New World biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 4, 1 - 107.","Borkent, A. & Spinelli, G. R. (2007) Neotropical Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Insecta). In: Adis, J., Arias, R., Rueda-Delgado, G. & Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic Biodiversity in Latin America (ABLA). Vol. 4. Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 198 pp.","Spinelli, G. R. & Marino, P. I. (2009) Estado actual del conocimiento de la familia Ceratopogonidae en la Patagonia (Diptera: Nematocera). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 68, 201 - 208.","Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2020) Catalog of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4787 (1), 1 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4787.1.1"]}

Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M., Díaz, Florentina (2022): A new species of Leptoconops Skuse from Argentina, description of the male of L. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa 5091 (3): 487-494, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.8

Key to the Leptoconops of the Neotropical region (primarily for females) 1. Female abdomen with lamellae broader than longer; frons bare; female antenna with 12 flagellomeres; tarsomeres 1-2 of fore leg armed with strong spines, other tarsomeres with slender, sharp, or inconspicuous spines only; tarsal claws of female each with basal, bifid tooth (subgenus Brachyconops Wirth & Atchley)..................... .. L. (B.) patagoniensis Ronderos 1���. Female abdomen with elongate genital lamellae; frons with 0-5 pairs of mesal setae; female antenna with 10-12 flagellomeres; tarsi without strong ventral spines, or with these spines only at apices of basitarsi, or with a few moderately strong ventral spines on basitarsi and at apices of distal tarsomeres............................................................... 2 2. Female antenna with 10-11 flagellomeres; male tergite 9 narrowed distally and bearing a median process or a pair of closely approximated apicolateral processes (subgenus Holoconops Kieffer)............................................ 3 2���. Female antenna with 12 flagellomeres; male tergite 9 not entirely as above....................................... 5 3. Male tergite 9 with conspicuous globose or subquadrangular caudal extension bearing a median process with three pairs of stout distomedian setae; gonostylus broad, leaf shaped, with subapical external peg. Female unknown............................................................................................... L. (H.) bassoi Ronderos & Spinelli 3���. Male tergite 9 without globose or subquadrangular extension; gonostylus swollen basally, apical 2/3 narrowed to rather slender apex, with subapical peg................................................................................ 4 4. Two spermathecae; male tergite 9 with a distal median process............................. L. (H.) bequaerti (Kieffer) 4���. Three spermathecae; male tergite 9 with a pair of closely approximated apicolateral processes................................................................................................. L. (H.) knowltoni Clastrier & Wirth 5. Frons with 4-5 pairs of mesal setae; mandibular teeth absent; tarsal claws nearly straight without basal tooth or bristle; tibial spurs inconspicuous; male tergite 9 rounded and without apicolateral processes (subgenus Megaconops Wirth & Atchley).................................................................................... L. (M.) floridensis Wirth 5���. Frons bare or with at most one or two small setae; mandibular teeth present; tarsal claws with basal tooth or bristle; tibial spurs conspicuous; male tergite 9 tapered with long, slender apicolateral processes....................................... 6 6. Female abdomen with one or more pairs of posteromesally directed setae on sternite 8; spermathecae marked with light spots on the bottom (subgenus Proleptoconops Clastrier).......................................................... 7 6���. Female abdomen with posteromesally directed setae on sternite 8 arising from a caudomedian excavation; spermathecae without light spots on the bottom (subgenus Leptoconops Skuse)...................................................... 8 7. Frons bare; palpal segment 3 with subdivided sensory pit; third spine from the spur longest in the hind tibial comb; wing with costal ratio 0.36, radial cell large, evident, stigma brown; female sternite 8 with two pairs of setae arising from raised tubercles; genital lamellae short................................................................ L. (P.) chacoensis n. sp. 7���. Frons with one pair of setae; palpal segment 3 with single, round sensory pit; second spine from the spur longest in the hind tibial comb; wing with costal ratio approximately 0.20, stigma and radial cell indistinct; female sternite 8 with two pairs of setae not arising from raised tubercles; genital lamellae markedly long...................... L. (P.) werneri Wirth & Atchley 8. Wing with costa extending to 0.20 of the total length......................................................... 9 8���. Wing with costa extending to 0.40-0.50 of the total length.................................................... 10 9. Tarsomeres 1-2 of the hind leg slightly swollen, with 15 and 8 ventral pointed spines, respectively; halter uniformly dark brown............................................................... L. (L.) panamensis Ronderos & Spinelli 9���. Tarsomeres 1-2 of the hind leg not swollen, without ventral pointed spines; halter knob pale.............................................................................................. L. (L.) petrocchiae Shannon & Del Ponte 10. Flagellomere 12 of female antenna 2.0-2.6 times longer than broad; two or three elongated spermathecae.............. 11 10���. Flagellomere 12 of female antenna 4-5 times longer than broad; two pyriform spermathecae.........................13 11. Palpus with segment 3 broad, sensory pit conspicuous, irregular; hind tibial comb with four spines, the second and third from the spur longest...................................................................................... 12 11���. Palpus with segment 3 slender, sensory pit small, circular; hind tibial comb with four spines, the second from the spur longest................................................................................ L. (L.) chilensis Forattini 12. Frons bare; sensory organ of palpus about 1/3 of segment 3 length; palpal segment 2 with one seta. Scutum uniformly black. Wing with veins not reaching margin; radial cell small. Two or three spermathecae, the ducts short and broad............................................................................................ L. (L.) venezuelensis Ortiz 12���. Frons with two mesal setae; sensory organ of palpus about 2/3 of palpal segment 3 length; palpal segment 2 with three setae. Scutum dark brown, with three longitudinal, slightly paler bands. Wing with veins reaching margin; radial cell large. Two spermathecae, the ducts short and narrow....................................... L. (L.) ricardoi Ronderos & Spinelli 13. Frons bare; female antenna with flagellomeres 2-11 distinctly broader than long; palpus with segment 3 only slightly longer than segment 4.................................................................... L. (L.) brasiliensis (Lutz) 13���. Frons with two pairs of small setae; female antenna with flagellomeres 2-6 broader than long, 7-8 as long as broad, 9-11 slightly longer tan broad; palpus with segment 3 1.5 times longer than segment 4.............. L.(L.) casali Cavalieri & Chiossone, Published as part of Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, Maria M. & D��az, Florentina, 2022, A new species of Leptoconops Skuse from Argentina, description of the male of L. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 487-494 in Zootaxa 5091 (3) on pages 488-489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/5848391

Se describe e ilustra una especie nueva de mosquita predadora de la región Neotropical, Parabezzia carlae Huerta, Spinelli y Grogan, nueva especie (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) sobre la base de machos colectados con trampa Malaise procedentes de La Unión, Ayutla de Los Libres, estado de Guerrero, México. También se ofrece el segundo registro de P. alexanderi Wirth para Veracruz, México. Una clave para las especies conocidas en México es incluida. We describe and illustrate a new Neotropical predaceous midge, Parabezzia carlae Huerta, Spinelli and Grogan, new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from males collected by Malaise trap in La Union, Ayutla de losLibres, state of Guerrero, Mexico. We also report a second record of P. alexanderi Wirth from Veracruz, Mexico. A key to the known species in Mexico is included. Fil: Huerta, Herón. Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológico; México Fil: Spinelli, Gustavo Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Instituto de Limnología; Argentina Fil: Grogan, William L.. Florida State Collection Of Arthropods; Estados Unidos