1. Sphingomonas cynarae sp. nov., a proteobacterium that produces an unusual type of sphingan
- Author
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Giovanni Mita, Elisabetta Carata, Pietro Alifano, Marcello Salvatore Lenucci, Salvatore Maurizio Tredici, Nicholas C. Carpita, Antonio Gaballo, Graziano Pizzolante, Gabriella Piro, Carlo Marcuccio, Danisha A. Debowles, Miriana Durante, Adelfia Talà, Tala', Adelfia, Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore, Gaballo, A, Durante, M, Tredici, Sm, Debowles, Da, Pizzolante, G, Marcuccio, C, Carata, Elisabetta, Piro, Gabriella, Carpita, Nc, Mita, G, and Alifano, Pietro
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,Rhamnose ,Sphingomonas panni ,Ubiquinone ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Cynara ,Sphingomonas cynarae sp. nov ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Sphingomonas ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Botany ,Proteobacteria ,Polyamines ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Base Composition ,Fatty Acids ,Polysaccharides, Bacterial ,Fatty acid ,Nucleic Acid Hybridization ,General Medicine ,Sphingomonas hankookensis ,Sphingomonas cynarae ,biology.organism_classification ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Sphingan ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Sphingomonas insulae ,Phyllosphere ,Microbial polymers - Abstract
Strain SPC-1T was isolated from the phyllosphere of Cynara cardunculus L. var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori (wild cardoon), a Mediterranean native plant considered to be the wild ancestor of the globe artichoke and cultivated cardoon. This Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile strain secreted copious amounts of an exopolysaccharide, formed slimy, viscous, orange-pigmented colonies and grew optimally at around pH 6.0–6.5 and 26–30 °C in the presence of 0–0.5 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that SPC-1T clustered together with species of the genus Sphingomonas sensu stricto. The G+C content of the DNA (66.1 mol%), the presence of Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone, sym-homospermidine as the predominant polyamine, 2-hydroxymyristic acid (C14 : 0 2-OH) as the major hydroxylated fatty acid, the absence of 3-hydroxy fatty acids and the presence of sphingoglycolipid supported this taxonomic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that SPC-1T was most closely related to Sphingomonas hankookensis ODN7T, Sphingomonas insulae DS-28T and Sphingomonas panni C52T (98.19, 97.91 and 97.11 % sequence similarities, respectively). However, DNA–DNA hybridization analysis did not reveal any relatedness at the species level. Further differences were apparent in biochemical traits, and fatty acid, quinone and polyamine profiles leading us to conclude that strain SPC-1T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas , for which the name Sphingomonas cynarae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is SPC-1T ( = JCM 17498T = ITEM 13494T). A component analysis of the exopolysaccharide suggested that it represents a novel type of sphingan containing glucose, rhamnose, mannose and galactose, while glucuronic acid, which is commonly found in sphingans, was not detected.
- Published
- 2013